All Skies Encyclopaedia - User contributions [en]

Globus Aerostaticus

2026-06-22T11:12:26Z

ASEtech:

{{DISPLAYTITLE:}}
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
[[File:XVI. Capricornus... Coelum Stellatum.jpg|thumb|XVI. Capricornus in Bode (1801), Uranographia. The map also shows the "new" constellation Globus Aerostaticus. ]]
Globus Aerostaticus, the Balloon, is a constellation invented by central European astronomers in collaboration in the late 18th century, used in Europe from 1801 to 1920. It is depicted in the area of [[Capricornus]], [[Piscis Austrinus]], and [[Microscopium]]. The word 'aerostat' in English, which means a balloon or airship.

==Concordance, Etymology, History==
=== Origin of Constellation ===
Ian Ridpath (Star Tales, [http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/globusaerostaticus.html online edition])<ref>Ian Ridpath (1988). Star Tales, [http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/globusaerostaticus.html online edition]</ref> writes: <blockquote>This constellation first appeared on the ''Uranographia'' atlas of Johann Elert Bode in 1801, but it had been suggested to him in 1798 by the French astronomer Joseph Jérôme de Lalande (1732–1807) who wanted to honour the hot-air balloon invented in the 1780s by the Montgolfier brothers. The balloon floated in the sky south of the zodiacal constellation Capricornus, next to the tail of Piscis Austrinus, the southern fish, which was shortened to accommodate it. In his Histoire Abrégée de l’Astronomie, Lalande recalled that Nicolas Louis de Lacaille had placed instruments of science and arts among the stars of the southern hemisphere, and explained: ‘I thought the greatest discovery of the French deserved to occupy a place’.</blockquote>‍<blockquote>‍Lalande put his suggestion to Bode at an international astronomical congress held in August 1798 at Gotha, Germany. Bode accepted Lalande’s idea, but in return took the opportunity to propose a constellation of his own to represent Gutenberg’s printing press; this became Officina Typographica. At the time of the Gotha conference Bode had reached Chart XV of his atlas. The hot air balloon appeared on Chart XVI, and the printing press on Chart XVIII. History shows that the printing press has been more influential than the hot-air balloon, but neither remain among the recognized constellations.</blockquote>‍<blockquote>‍Its brightest star, which Bode labelled with a lower case ‘a’ (but looking like a Greek alpha) on his chart in ''Uranographia'' (below), was of only magnitude 4.7. This star was originally catalogued by Flamsteed as part of Piscis Austrinus. It has since been transferred to the adjacent Microscopium, where it is known as Epsilon Microscopii; Bode’s Epsilon Microscopii is now left unlettered.</blockquote>

=== Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation ===
<gallery>
File:Globus Aerostaticus - Johann Elert Bode.jpg|Balloon constellation; detail of the Capricornus map in Bode (1801)
File:XVI. Capricornus... Coelum Stellatum.jpg|XVI. Capricornus in Bode (1801)
File:Alexander Jamieson Celestial Atlas-Plate 21.jpg|Balloon also in the map for Aqr+Cap in Jamieson (1822)
File:Sidney Hall - Urania's Mirror - Aquarius, Piscis Australis & Ballon Aerostatique.jpg|Balloon in Hall (1825)
</gallery>

== Mythology ==
no myth

=== Cultural Note ===
<div style="float:right; margin:0 0 1em 1em;">
<youtube align=right>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=76yyNI6UMPo</youtube>
</div>
At the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games in Paris (2024), a modern "mongolfiere" was launched as part of the show (see [https://www.olympics.com/en/news/paris-2024-olympic-flame-takes-centre-stage IOC page]).

== IAU WGSN Name Discussion ==
The name "Globus Aerostaticus" was suggested as a star name to WGSN in 2023. As names must have only 16 characters maximum, the abbreviated name "Aerostaticus" is considered as a modern star name to resemble this historical constellation.

== Weblinks ==

* {{NAMESPACE}}

== References ==

* [[References]] (general)

[[Category:European]] [[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]]
[[Category:Modern]][[Category:Latin]] [[Category:Cap]] [[Category:PsA]] [[Category:Mic]]

Maya (All Terms)

2026-06-22T08:37:54Z

ASEtech: Created page with "Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}} ---- Page 49 of the Dresden Codex showing a section of the Venus Table Page 23 of the Paris Codex showing some Constellations. Maya culture was one of the most sophisticated civilizations in the pre-columbian american continent. They developed a writing system which let them store and use..."

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
[[File:Page_49_of_the_Dresden_Codex_showing_a_section_of_the_Venus_Table..png|thumb|Page 49 of the Dresden Codex showing a section of the Venus Table]]
[[File:Page_23_of_the_Paris_Codex_showing_some_Constellations..png|thumb|Page 23 of the Paris Codex showing some Constellations.]]
Maya culture was one of the most sophisticated civilizations in the pre-columbian american continent. They developed a writing system which let them store and use their knowledge in a variety of forms: e.g. on how to perform rituals or delivering particular messages to an audience (political and sacred facts from rulers to the people, sculpted in monuments and stelae). These records allow us explore, through the laborious work of many researchers, their cosmovision and how they thought the cosmos came to be. Their knowledge was recorded in books (academically known as “codex”), like the Dresden codex (which describes the dates that Venus would pass through each of its visibility phases and also a table of lunar and solar eclipses), the Paris codex (which is believed to describe some of their constellations), the Madrid codex (which relates astronomy and agriculture data) and lately, the Grolier codex (it was thought that it was an abbreviated version of the Dresden codex, but it is not accepted yet as original by some scholars).<ref>Eduardo Rodas-Quito and Javier Mejuto (online). Anutan sky culture in Stellarium, <nowiki>https://github.com/stellarium/stellarium</nowiki> , printed in Hoffmann and Wolfschmidt (eds., 2022), Astronomy in Culture --Cultures of Astronomy. Astronomie in der Kultur--Kulturen der Astronomie.: Featuring the Proceedings of the Splinter Meeting at the Annual Conference of the Astronomische Gesselschafb Sept. 14-16, 2021, tredition, Ahrensburg (Germany): 702-705.</ref><ref name=":0">Freidel, D., Schele, L., Parker, J.(1993) ''Maya Cosmos: Three Thousand Years On The Shaman's Path'', New York: William Morrow and Company Inc.</ref><ref name=":1">Aveni, A.(2005) ''Observadores del Cielo en el Mexico Antiguo'', Mexico D.F.: Fondo de Cultura Economica.</ref><ref>Tedlock, B.(1999) Maya Astronomy: What We Know and How We Know It, ''Archaeoastronomy, The Journal of Astronomy in Culture'', XIV(1), pp.: 39-58.</ref>

All Mayan codices are thought to have been taken to Europe by the first explorers of the New World, as evidence of their discoveries. The Paris Codex in particular was then long forgotten, until priest Leon Rosny found it in 1859 in a chimney corner of the National Library of Paris. It has suffered substantial damage, as can be seen in page 23 shown below. In spite of this, the Paris codex describes asterisms and constellations seen by the mayas, some of them probably related to a group of zodiacal constellations (Love, 1994)(Freidel et al., 1993)<ref name=":0" />(Aveni, 2005)<ref name=":1" />, while others do not (Špoták, 2015)<ref>The Paris Codex: Complex Analysis of an Ancient Maya Manuscript ([https://www.academia.edu/25028815/The_Paris_Codex_Complex_Analysis_of_an_Ancient_Maya_Manuscript_Dissertation_?auto=download Dissertation]) by Jakub Špoták</ref>.

Since in the Paris codex they seem to "swallow" the Sun, so they are placed as close as possible to this line while trying to adjust the star patterns to the images of the different animals thought to represent zodiacal constellations. Other constellations are placed according to what ethnographic sources state are their most probable location. Constellation lines were drawn trying to adjust to the images taken from the above mentioned sources and they appear according to the interpretation of the contributors of this culture.<ref>Garcia Barrios, A. (2015) El mito del diluvio en las ceremonias de entronización de los gobernantes mayas. Agentes responsables de la decapitación del saurio y nuevas fundaciones, ''Estudios de cultura maya'', 45(45), pp. 9-48. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0185257415300010 pdf]</ref>

=== Solar System Names ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Mayan
!English
!commentary
|-
|
|Sun
|
|-
|
|Moon
|
|-
|
|Mercury
|
|-
|Chac 'Ek
| Venus
|
|-
|
|Mars
|
|-
|
| Jupiter
|
|-
|
|Saturn
|
|}

== List of terms (asterism names) ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Mayan Term
!Meaning
!Designation
|-
|kib' chuplinik
|Two brilliant ones, Peccaries
|''Castor and Pollux''
|-
|jun ch'umil
|Single Star
|''Regulus''
|-
|xukut ch'umil
|Corner Star
|''Alpha Centauri''
|-
|Ch’oom
|Vulture
|unidentified
|-
|Xoc
|Shark
|
|-
|Kulte'
|Owl
|
|-
|B'alaam
|Jaguar
|
|-
|Kimi
|Death
|
|-
|Siina'an
|Scorpion
|Antares
|-
|Kaan
|Snake
|
|-
|Zool
|Bat
|
|-
|Uo
|Toad
|Virgo
|-
|Aak
|Turtle
|Orion’s Belt
|-
|Way Paat Ahiin
|Hole-backed Caiman
|Milky Way in a vertical position
|-
|
|Paddler Gods
|Alnitak, Saiph and Rigel
|-
|Oxib'Xk'ub
|Primordial Fire
|Orion's nebula (M42)
|}

== References ==

* [[References]] (general)

[[Category:Overviews]]
[[Category:Mayan]] [[Category:Central American]]
[[Category:American]]
[[Category:Service]]

Xonecuilli

2026-06-22T08:01:07Z

ASEtech:

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
[[File:Xonecuilli_crop.png|thumb|490x490px|Xonecuilli CC-BY Enrique Gómez Candelario]]
[[File:Nanahuatzin.png|thumb|CC-BY Enrique Gómez Candelario]]
[[File:Xonecuilli_Glifo.png|thumb|CC-BY Enrique Gómez Candelario]]
Xonecuilli refers to Ursa Minor.

==Etymology and History==

For ancient aztecs, the knowledge of the night skies and stars movement had great importance for their calendars and the measurement of both agricultural and sacred cycles. However, great part of this knowledge was lost as consequence of the Spanish conquest which occurred on continental America in the 16th century.

The elements of the Aztec society such as culture, economy and science is preserved in the ''tlacuilos'', word that comes from the ancient Nahuatl word ''tlacuiloa'', which means ''writing with drawings''. These Tlacuilos where stored in the ''amoxcalli'', meaning amoxtli: books and calli: house. Later their became known as ''codices''; a word that came from the Latin word Codex which means written book.

After the Spanish conquest many of the pre-hispanic Codexes where destroyed, their main feature is that their where drawn in many different materials such as deer skin, ''amate'' paper or cotton fabric and they had no text only draws or ''glifos''. However the collection of Mesoamerican customs continued prior to the Spanish conquest thanks to the work of some native indians and some Spanish priests, this codexes are known as Colonial Codexes and there is a change of the way of drawing because of the new techniques of drawing and the new materials imported from Europe, also because of the incorporation of descriptive text both in Spanish and Nahuatl.

Sadly, the Aztec astronomical knowledge in the remaining codexes is really small. The next image is one of the few that names some constellations and astronomical phenomena identified by the Aztec, it belong to the ''Primeros Memoriales'' (first memorials), which is a colonial manuscript of the 16th century written by Fray Bernardino de Sahagun.

The Ursa Minor constellation is identified as Xonecuilli which means twisted foot, and is related to Nanahuatzin, this character is represented with twisted feet, filled with boils and sores, this sick and poor God sacrificed himself to become ''Tonatiuh'' the Sun god. Apparently, this constellation can also be associated with the Southern Cross and its surrounding stars as is referred by ''Tezozomoc''. For its part, Sahagun speaks of his resemblance to bread made in the form of letter S and called by the Aztecs ''xonecuilli''.<ref>Herbert J. Spinden (1916). The Question of the Zodiac in America. New Series, Vol. 18, No. 1 (Jan. - Mar., 1916), pp. 53-80. doi: [https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290?origin=JSTOR-pdf&seq=1 https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290]</ref><ref>LOS CÓDICES DE MÉXICO [https://iconio.com/ABCD/F/INDEX.PDF pdf]</ref><ref>[https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B3dices_coloniales_de_M%C3%A9xico Códices coloniales de México]</ref>

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==

==Weblinks==
* [https://www.montero.org.mx/constelaciones|Constelaciones Prehispánicas]
*[https://www.windows2universe.org/mythology/aztec_culture.html|Aztec Mythology]
*[https://www.famsi.org/spanish/mayawriting/codices/paris.html|El Códice París]
*[https://www.traduccionliteraria.org/1611/esc/america/sahagun.htm REAL CÉDULA PROHIBIENDO LA ''HISTORIA GENERAL DE LAS COSAS DE NUEVA ESPAÑA'' DE FRAY BERNARDINO DE SAHAGÚN]

==Reference==
*[[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Asterism]][[Category:Constellation]][[Category:UMi]] [[Category:Aztec]] [[Category:Central American]] [[Category:American]]<nowiki> </nowiki>

Tianquiztli

2026-06-22T08:00:41Z

ASEtech:

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
[[File:Tianquiztli.png|thumb|Tianquiztli CC-BY Enrique Gómez Candelario]]
Tianquiztli is Pleiades.

==Etymology and History==

For ancient aztecs, the knowledge of the night skies and stars movement had great importance for their calendars and the measurement of both agricultural and sacred cycles. However, great part of this knowledge was lost as consequence of the Spanish conquest which occurred on continental America in the 16th century.

The elements of the Aztec society such as culture, economy and science is preserved in the ''tlacuilos'', word that comes from the ancient Nahuatl word ''tlacuiloa'', which means ''writing with drawings''. These Tlacuilos where stored in the ''amoxcalli'', meaning amoxtli: books and calli: house. Later their became known as ''codices''; a word that came from the Latin word Codex which means written book.

After the Spanish conquest many of the pre-hispanic Codexes where destroyed, their main feature is that their where drawn in many different materials such as deer skin, ''amate'' paper or cotton fabric and they had no text only draws or ''glifos''. However the collection of Mesoamerican customs continued prior to the Spanish conquest thanks to the work of some native indians and some Spanish priests, this codexes are known as Colonial Codexes and there is a change of the way of drawing because of the new techniques of drawing and the new materials imported from Europe, also because of the incorporation of descriptive text both in Spanish and Nahuatl.
[[File:Tiaquitztli_image.png|thumb|CC-BY Enrique Gómez Candelario]]
Sadly, the Aztec astronomical knowledge in the remaining codexes is really small. The next image is one of the few that names some constellations and astronomical phenomena identified by the Aztec, it belong to the ''Primeros Memoriales'' (first memorials), which is a colonial manuscript of the 16th century written by Fray Bernardino de Sahagun.

The group of stars that we know as Pleiades symbolized for the Mexicas ''Tianquiztli'', which means market, perhaps because of the crowd that gathers on them, they're generally represented by one or two people inside a circle with goods. Currently, in Mexico the informal market or street markets are called ''Tianguis''.<ref>Herbert J. Spinden (1916). The Question of the Zodiac in America. New Series, Vol. 18, No. 1 (Jan. - Mar., 1916), pp. 53-80. doi: [https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290?origin=JSTOR-pdf&seq=1 https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290]</ref><ref>LOS CÓDICES DE MÉXICO [https://iconio.com/ABCD/F/INDEX.PDF pdf]</ref><ref>[https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B3dices_coloniales_de_M%C3%A9xico Códices coloniales de México]</ref>

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==

==Weblinks==
* [https://www.montero.org.mx/constelaciones|Constelaciones Prehispánicas]
*[https://www.windows2universe.org/mythology/aztec_culture.html|Aztec Mythology]
*[https://www.famsi.org/spanish/mayawriting/codices/paris.html|El Códice París]
*[https://www.traduccionliteraria.org/1611/esc/america/sahagun.htm REAL CÉDULA PROHIBIENDO LA ''HISTORIA GENERAL DE LAS COSAS DE NUEVA ESPAÑA'' DE FRAY BERNARDINO DE SAHAGÚN]

==Reference==
*[[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Asterism]][[Category:Constellation]][[Category:Pleiades]] [[Category:Tau]] [[Category:Aztec]] [[Category:Central American]] [[Category:American]]<nowiki> </nowiki>

Citlaltlachtli

2026-06-22T08:00:01Z

ASEtech:

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
[[File:Citlaltlachtli.png|thumb|Citlaltlachtli CC-BY Enrique Gómez Candelario]]
Citlaltlachtli is the ball game of the stars.

==Etymology and History==

For ancient aztecs, the knowledge of the night skies and stars movement had great importance for their calendars and the measurement of both agricultural and sacred cycles. However, great part of this knowledge was lost as consequence of the Spanish conquest which occurred on continental America in the 16th century.

The elements of the Aztec society such as culture, economy and science is preserved in the ''tlacuilos'', word that comes from the ancient Nahuatl word ''tlacuiloa'', which means ''writing with drawings''. These Tlacuilos where stored in the ''amoxcalli'', meaning amoxtli: books and calli: house. Later their became known as ''codices''; a word that came from the Latin word Codex which means written book.

After the Spanish conquest many of the pre-hispanic Codexes where destroyed, their main feature is that their where drawn in many different materials such as deer skin, ''amate'' paper or cotton fabric and they had no text only draws or ''glifos''. However the collection of Mesoamerican customs continued prior to the Spanish conquest thanks to the work of some native indians and some Spanish priests, this codexes are known as Colonial Codexes and there is a change of the way of drawing because of the new techniques of drawing and the new materials imported from Europe, also because of the incorporation of descriptive text both in Spanish and Nahuatl.

Sadly, the Aztec astronomical knowledge in the remaining codexes is really small. The next image is one of the few that names some constellations and astronomical phenomena identified by the Aztec, it belong to the ''Primeros Memoriales'' (first memorials), which is a colonial manuscript of the 16th century written by Fray Bernardino de Sahagun.

The constellation of Gemini was called ''Citlaltlachtli'', which means the ball game of the stars. This game was endowed with a ritual significance and used a natural rubber ball. It is said that the movement of the ball within the playing field refers to the movement of the sun and moon.<ref>Herbert J. Spinden (1916). The Question of the Zodiac in America. New Series, Vol. 18, No. 1 (Jan. - Mar., 1916), pp. 53-80. doi: [https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290?origin=JSTOR-pdf&seq=1 https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290]</ref><ref>LOS CÓDICES DE MÉXICO [https://iconio.com/ABCD/F/INDEX.PDF pdf]</ref><ref>[https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B3dices_coloniales_de_M%C3%A9xico Códices coloniales de México]</ref>

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==

==Weblinks==
* [https://www.montero.org.mx/constelaciones|Constelaciones Prehispánicas]
*[https://www.windows2universe.org/mythology/aztec_culture.html|Aztec Mythology]
*[https://www.famsi.org/spanish/mayawriting/codices/paris.html|El Códice París]
*[https://www.traduccionliteraria.org/1611/esc/america/sahagun.htm REAL CÉDULA PROHIBIENDO LA ''HISTORIA GENERAL DE LAS COSAS DE NUEVA ESPAÑA'' DE FRAY BERNARDINO DE SAHAGÚN]

==Reference==
*[[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Asterism]][[Category:Constellation]][[Category:Gem]] [[Category:Aztec]] [[Category:Central American]] [[Category:American]]<nowiki> </nowiki>

Citlalcolotl

2026-06-22T07:59:35Z

ASEtech:

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
[[File:Colotlixayac.png|thumb|Citlalcolotl CC-BY Enrique Gómez Candelario]]
[[File:Colotlixayac_image.png|thumb|CC-BY Enrique Gómez Candelario]]
Citlalcolotl is located in scorpius.

==Etymology and History==

For ancient aztecs, the knowledge of the night skies and stars movement had great importance for their calendars and the measurement of both agricultural and sacred cycles. However, great part of this knowledge was lost as consequence of the Spanish conquest which occurred on continental America in the 16th century.

The elements of the Aztec society such as culture, economy and science is preserved in the ''tlacuilos'', word that comes from the ancient Nahuatl word ''tlacuiloa'', which means ''writing with drawings''. These Tlacuilos where stored in the ''amoxcalli'', meaning amoxtli: books and calli: house. Later their became known as ''codices''; a word that came from the Latin word Codex which means written book.

After the Spanish conquest many of the pre-hispanic Codexes where destroyed, their main feature is that their where drawn in many different materials such as deer skin, ''amate'' paper or cotton fabric and they had no text only draws or ''glifos''. However the collection of Mesoamerican customs continued prior to the Spanish conquest thanks to the work of some native indians and some Spanish priests, this codexes are known as Colonial Codexes and there is a change of the way of drawing because of the new techniques of drawing and the new materials imported from Europe, also because of the incorporation of descriptive text both in Spanish and Nahuatl.

Sadly, the Aztec astronomical knowledge in the remaining codexes is really small. The next image is one of the few that names some constellations and astronomical phenomena identified by the Aztec, it belong to the ''Primeros Memoriales'' (first memorials), which is a colonial manuscript of the 16th century written by Fray Bernardino de Sahagun.

According to the Florentino Codex Sahagun's informants identified a group of stars known as Citlalcolotl, the scorpion star. In turn, Tezozomoc also mentions the scorpion star and he called it Colotlixayac, which means face of a scorpion. In a section of the Paris Codex called zodiac pages appears the scorpion, in this codex the icons shows figures of animals hanging from the body of the Celestial Dragon.<ref>Herbert J. Spinden (1916). The Question of the Zodiac in America. New Series, Vol. 18, No. 1 (Jan. - Mar., 1916), pp. 53-80. doi: [https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290?origin=JSTOR-pdf&seq=1 https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290]</ref><ref>LOS CÓDICES DE MÉXICO [https://iconio.com/ABCD/F/INDEX.PDF pdf]</ref><ref>[https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B3dices_coloniales_de_M%C3%A9xico Códices coloniales de México]</ref>

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==

==Weblinks==
* [https://www.montero.org.mx/constelaciones|Constelaciones Prehispánicas]
*[https://www.windows2universe.org/mythology/aztec_culture.html|Aztec Mythology]
*[https://www.famsi.org/spanish/mayawriting/codices/paris.html|El Códice París]
*[https://www.traduccionliteraria.org/1611/esc/america/sahagun.htm REAL CÉDULA PROHIBIENDO LA ''HISTORIA GENERAL DE LAS COSAS DE NUEVA ESPAÑA'' DE FRAY BERNARDINO DE SAHAGÚN]

==Reference==
*[[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Asterism]][[Category:Constellation]][[Category:Sco]] [[Category:Aztec]] [[Category:Central American]] [[Category:American]]<nowiki> </nowiki>

Citlaltlachtli

2026-06-22T07:56:03Z

ASEtech:

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
[[File:Citlaltlachtli.png|thumb|CC-BY Enrique Gómez Candelario]]
Citlaltlachtli is the ball game of the stars.

==Etymology and History==

For ancient aztecs, the knowledge of the night skies and stars movement had great importance for their calendars and the measurement of both agricultural and sacred cycles. However, great part of this knowledge was lost as consequence of the Spanish conquest which occurred on continental America in the 16th century.

The elements of the Aztec society such as culture, economy and science is preserved in the ''tlacuilos'', word that comes from the ancient Nahuatl word ''tlacuiloa'', which means ''writing with drawings''. These Tlacuilos where stored in the ''amoxcalli'', meaning amoxtli: books and calli: house. Later their became known as ''codices''; a word that came from the Latin word Codex which means written book.

After the Spanish conquest many of the pre-hispanic Codexes where destroyed, their main feature is that their where drawn in many different materials such as deer skin, ''amate'' paper or cotton fabric and they had no text only draws or ''glifos''. However the collection of Mesoamerican customs continued prior to the Spanish conquest thanks to the work of some native indians and some Spanish priests, this codexes are known as Colonial Codexes and there is a change of the way of drawing because of the new techniques of drawing and the new materials imported from Europe, also because of the incorporation of descriptive text both in Spanish and Nahuatl.

Sadly, the Aztec astronomical knowledge in the remaining codexes is really small. The next image is one of the few that names some constellations and astronomical phenomena identified by the Aztec, it belong to the ''Primeros Memoriales'' (first memorials), which is a colonial manuscript of the 16th century written by Fray Bernardino de Sahagun.

The constellation of Gemini was called ''Citlaltlachtli'', which means the ball game of the stars. This game was endowed with a ritual significance and used a natural rubber ball. It is said that the movement of the ball within the playing field refers to the movement of the sun and moon.<ref>Herbert J. Spinden (1916). The Question of the Zodiac in America. New Series, Vol. 18, No. 1 (Jan. - Mar., 1916), pp. 53-80. doi: [https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290?origin=JSTOR-pdf&seq=1 https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290]</ref><ref>LOS CÓDICES DE MÉXICO [https://iconio.com/ABCD/F/INDEX.PDF pdf]</ref><ref>[https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B3dices_coloniales_de_M%C3%A9xico Códices coloniales de México]</ref>

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==

==Weblinks==
* [https://www.montero.org.mx/constelaciones|Constelaciones Prehispánicas]
*[https://www.windows2universe.org/mythology/aztec_culture.html|Aztec Mythology]
*[https://www.famsi.org/spanish/mayawriting/codices/paris.html|El Códice París]
*[https://www.traduccionliteraria.org/1611/esc/america/sahagun.htm REAL CÉDULA PROHIBIENDO LA ''HISTORIA GENERAL DE LAS COSAS DE NUEVA ESPAÑA'' DE FRAY BERNARDINO DE SAHAGÚN]

==Reference==
*[[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Asterism]][[Category:Constellation]][[Category:Gem]] [[Category:Aztec]] [[Category:Central American]] [[Category:American]]<nowiki> </nowiki>

Tianquiztli

2026-06-22T07:55:12Z

ASEtech:

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
[[File:Tianquiztli.png|thumb|CC-BY Enrique Gómez Candelario]]
Tianquiztli is Pleiades.

==Etymology and History==

For ancient aztecs, the knowledge of the night skies and stars movement had great importance for their calendars and the measurement of both agricultural and sacred cycles. However, great part of this knowledge was lost as consequence of the Spanish conquest which occurred on continental America in the 16th century.

The elements of the Aztec society such as culture, economy and science is preserved in the ''tlacuilos'', word that comes from the ancient Nahuatl word ''tlacuiloa'', which means ''writing with drawings''. These Tlacuilos where stored in the ''amoxcalli'', meaning amoxtli: books and calli: house. Later their became known as ''codices''; a word that came from the Latin word Codex which means written book.

After the Spanish conquest many of the pre-hispanic Codexes where destroyed, their main feature is that their where drawn in many different materials such as deer skin, ''amate'' paper or cotton fabric and they had no text only draws or ''glifos''. However the collection of Mesoamerican customs continued prior to the Spanish conquest thanks to the work of some native indians and some Spanish priests, this codexes are known as Colonial Codexes and there is a change of the way of drawing because of the new techniques of drawing and the new materials imported from Europe, also because of the incorporation of descriptive text both in Spanish and Nahuatl.
[[File:Tiaquitztli_image.png|thumb|CC-BY Enrique Gómez Candelario]]
Sadly, the Aztec astronomical knowledge in the remaining codexes is really small. The next image is one of the few that names some constellations and astronomical phenomena identified by the Aztec, it belong to the ''Primeros Memoriales'' (first memorials), which is a colonial manuscript of the 16th century written by Fray Bernardino de Sahagun.

The group of stars that we know as Pleiades symbolized for the Mexicas ''Tianquiztli'', which means market, perhaps because of the crowd that gathers on them, they're generally represented by one or two people inside a circle with goods. Currently, in Mexico the informal market or street markets are called ''Tianguis''.<ref>Herbert J. Spinden (1916). The Question of the Zodiac in America. New Series, Vol. 18, No. 1 (Jan. - Mar., 1916), pp. 53-80. doi: [https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290?origin=JSTOR-pdf&seq=1 https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290]</ref><ref>LOS CÓDICES DE MÉXICO [https://iconio.com/ABCD/F/INDEX.PDF pdf]</ref><ref>[https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B3dices_coloniales_de_M%C3%A9xico Códices coloniales de México]</ref>

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==

==Weblinks==
* [https://www.montero.org.mx/constelaciones|Constelaciones Prehispánicas]
*[https://www.windows2universe.org/mythology/aztec_culture.html|Aztec Mythology]
*[https://www.famsi.org/spanish/mayawriting/codices/paris.html|El Códice París]
*[https://www.traduccionliteraria.org/1611/esc/america/sahagun.htm REAL CÉDULA PROHIBIENDO LA ''HISTORIA GENERAL DE LAS COSAS DE NUEVA ESPAÑA'' DE FRAY BERNARDINO DE SAHAGÚN]

==Reference==
*[[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Asterism]][[Category:Constellation]][[Category:Pleiades]] [[Category:Tau]] [[Category:Aztec]] [[Category:Central American]] [[Category:American]]<nowiki> </nowiki>

Mamalhuaztli

2026-06-22T07:53:10Z

ASEtech:

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
[[File:Mamalhuaztli_t.png|thumb|Mamalhuaztli CC-BY Enrique Gómez Candelario]]
Mamalhuaztli is a stick.

==Etymology and History==

For ancient aztecs, the knowledge of the night skies and stars movement had great importance for their calendars and the measurement of both agricultural and sacred cycles. However, great part of this knowledge was lost as consequence of the Spanish conquest which occurred on continental America in the 16th century.

The elements of the Aztec society such as culture, economy and science is preserved in the ''tlacuilos'', word that comes from the ancient Nahuatl word ''tlacuiloa'', which means ''writing with drawings''. These Tlacuilos where stored in the ''amoxcalli'', meaning amoxtli: books and calli: house. Later their became known as ''codices''; a word that came from the Latin word Codex which means written book.

After the Spanish conquest many of the pre-hispanic Codexes where destroyed, their main feature is that their where drawn in many different materials such as deer skin, ''amate'' paper or cotton fabric and they had no text only draws or ''glifos''. However the collection of Mesoamerican customs continued prior to the Spanish conquest thanks to the work of some native indians and some Spanish priests, this codexes are known as Colonial Codexes and there is a change of the way of drawing because of the new techniques of drawing and the new materials imported from Europe, also because of the incorporation of descriptive text both in Spanish and Nahuatl.
[[File:Mamalhuaztli_image.png|thumb|A man who try to make fire CC-BY Enrique Gómez Candelario]]
Sadly, the Aztec astronomical knowledge in the remaining codexes is really small. The next image is one of the few that names some constellations and astronomical phenomena identified by the Aztec, it belong to the ''Primeros Memoriales'' (first memorials), which is a colonial manuscript of the 16th century written by Fray Bernardino de Sahagun.

Ancient Aztec identified the Orion's Belt as Mamalhuaztli, and it represented the wood sticks used to light the new fire in the commemoration celebrated every 52 years by the Mexicans and their neighbors named ''toxiuh molpilia'' which means binding of the years and coincided with the beginning of the new year named ''xiuhtzitzquilo''.<ref>Herbert J. Spinden (1916). The Question of the Zodiac in America. New Series, Vol. 18, No. 1 (Jan. - Mar., 1916), pp. 53-80. doi: [https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290?origin=JSTOR-pdf&seq=1 https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290]</ref><ref>LOS CÓDICES DE MÉXICO [https://iconio.com/ABCD/F/INDEX.PDF pdf]</ref><ref>[https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B3dices_coloniales_de_M%C3%A9xico Códices coloniales de México]</ref>

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==

==Weblinks==
* [https://www.montero.org.mx/constelaciones|Constelaciones Prehispánicas]
*[https://www.windows2universe.org/mythology/aztec_culture.html|Aztec Mythology]
*[https://www.famsi.org/spanish/mayawriting/codices/paris.html|El Códice París]
*[https://www.traduccionliteraria.org/1611/esc/america/sahagun.htm REAL CÉDULA PROHIBIENDO LA ''HISTORIA GENERAL DE LAS COSAS DE NUEVA ESPAÑA'' DE FRAY BERNARDINO DE SAHAGÚN]

==Reference==
*[[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Asterism]][[Category:Constellation]][[Category:Ori]] [[Category:Aztec]] [[Category:Central American]] [[Category:American]]<nowiki> </nowiki>

Mamalhuaztli

2026-06-22T07:50:56Z

ASEtech:

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
[[File:Mamalhuaztli_t.png|right|300x300px]]
Mamalhuaztli is a stick.

==Etymology and History==

For ancient aztecs, the knowledge of the night skies and stars movement had great importance for their calendars and the measurement of both agricultural and sacred cycles. However, great part of this knowledge was lost as consequence of the Spanish conquest which occurred on continental America in the 16th century.

The elements of the Aztec society such as culture, economy and science is preserved in the ''tlacuilos'', word that comes from the ancient Nahuatl word ''tlacuiloa'', which means ''writing with drawings''. These Tlacuilos where stored in the ''amoxcalli'', meaning amoxtli: books and calli: house. Later their became known as ''codices''; a word that came from the Latin word Codex which means written book.

After the Spanish conquest many of the pre-hispanic Codexes where destroyed, their main feature is that their where drawn in many different materials such as deer skin, ''amate'' paper or cotton fabric and they had no text only draws or ''glifos''. However the collection of Mesoamerican customs continued prior to the Spanish conquest thanks to the work of some native indians and some Spanish priests, this codexes are known as Colonial Codexes and there is a change of the way of drawing because of the new techniques of drawing and the new materials imported from Europe, also because of the incorporation of descriptive text both in Spanish and Nahuatl.
[[File:Mamalhuaztli_image.png|right]]
Sadly, the Aztec astronomical knowledge in the remaining codexes is really small. The next image is one of the few that names some constellations and astronomical phenomena identified by the Aztec, it belong to the ''Primeros Memoriales'' (first memorials), which is a colonial manuscript of the 16th century written by Fray Bernardino de Sahagun.

Ancient Aztec identified the Orion's Belt as Mamalhuaztli, and it represented the wood sticks used to light the new fire in the commemoration celebrated every 52 years by the Mexicans and their neighbors named ''toxiuh molpilia'' which means binding of the years and coincided with the beginning of the new year named ''xiuhtzitzquilo''.<ref>Herbert J. Spinden (1916). The Question of the Zodiac in America. New Series, Vol. 18, No. 1 (Jan. - Mar., 1916), pp. 53-80. doi: [https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290?origin=JSTOR-pdf&seq=1 https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290]</ref><ref>LOS CÓDICES DE MÉXICO [https://iconio.com/ABCD/F/INDEX.PDF pdf]</ref><ref>[https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B3dices_coloniales_de_M%C3%A9xico Códices coloniales de México]</ref>

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==

==Weblinks==
* [https://www.montero.org.mx/constelaciones|Constelaciones Prehispánicas]
*[https://www.windows2universe.org/mythology/aztec_culture.html|Aztec Mythology]
*[https://www.famsi.org/spanish/mayawriting/codices/paris.html|El Códice París]
*[https://www.traduccionliteraria.org/1611/esc/america/sahagun.htm REAL CÉDULA PROHIBIENDO LA ''HISTORIA GENERAL DE LAS COSAS DE NUEVA ESPAÑA'' DE FRAY BERNARDINO DE SAHAGÚN]

==Reference==
*[[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Asterism]][[Category:Constellation]][[Category:Ori]] [[Category:Aztec]] [[Category:Central American]] [[Category:American]]<nowiki> </nowiki>

Xonecuilli

2026-06-22T07:36:55Z

ASEtech:

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
Xonecuilli refers to Ursa Minor.

==Etymology and History==

For ancient aztecs, the knowledge of the night skies and stars movement had great importance for their calendars and the measurement of both agricultural and sacred cycles. However, great part of this knowledge was lost as consequence of the Spanish conquest which occurred on continental America in the 16th century.

The elements of the Aztec society such as culture, economy and science is preserved in the ''tlacuilos'', word that comes from the ancient Nahuatl word ''tlacuiloa'', which means ''writing with drawings''. These Tlacuilos where stored in the ''amoxcalli'', meaning amoxtli: books and calli: house. Later their became known as ''codices''; a word that came from the Latin word Codex which means written book.

After the Spanish conquest many of the pre-hispanic Codexes where destroyed, their main feature is that their where drawn in many different materials such as deer skin, ''amate'' paper or cotton fabric and they had no text only draws or ''glifos''. However the collection of Mesoamerican customs continued prior to the Spanish conquest thanks to the work of some native indians and some Spanish priests, this codexes are known as Colonial Codexes and there is a change of the way of drawing because of the new techniques of drawing and the new materials imported from Europe, also because of the incorporation of descriptive text both in Spanish and Nahuatl.

Sadly, the Aztec astronomical knowledge in the remaining codexes is really small. The next image is one of the few that names some constellations and astronomical phenomena identified by the Aztec, it belong to the ''Primeros Memoriales'' (first memorials), which is a colonial manuscript of the 16th century written by Fray Bernardino de Sahagun.

The Ursa Minor constellation is identified as Xonecuilli which means twisted foot, and is related to Nanahuatzin, this character is represented with twisted feet, filled with boils and sores, this sick and poor God sacrificed himself to become ''Tonatiuh'' the Sun god. Apparently, this constellation can also be associated with the Southern Cross and its surrounding stars as is referred by ''Tezozomoc''. For its part, Sahagun speaks of his resemblance to bread made in the form of letter S and called by the Aztecs ''xonecuilli''.<ref>Herbert J. Spinden (1916). The Question of the Zodiac in America. New Series, Vol. 18, No. 1 (Jan. - Mar., 1916), pp. 53-80. doi: [https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290?origin=JSTOR-pdf&seq=1 https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290]</ref><ref>LOS CÓDICES DE MÉXICO [https://iconio.com/ABCD/F/INDEX.PDF pdf]</ref><ref>[https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B3dices_coloniales_de_M%C3%A9xico Códices coloniales de México]</ref>

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==

==Weblinks==
* [https://www.montero.org.mx/constelaciones|Constelaciones Prehispánicas]
*[https://www.windows2universe.org/mythology/aztec_culture.html|Aztec Mythology]
*[https://www.famsi.org/spanish/mayawriting/codices/paris.html|El Códice París]
*[https://www.traduccionliteraria.org/1611/esc/america/sahagun.htm REAL CÉDULA PROHIBIENDO LA ''HISTORIA GENERAL DE LAS COSAS DE NUEVA ESPAÑA'' DE FRAY BERNARDINO DE SAHAGÚN]

==Reference==
*[[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Asterism]][[Category:Constellation]][[Category:UMi]] [[Category:Aztec]] [[Category:Central American]] [[Category:American]]<nowiki> </nowiki>

Tianquiztli

2026-06-22T07:36:46Z

ASEtech:

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
Tianquiztli is Pleiades.

==Etymology and History==

For ancient aztecs, the knowledge of the night skies and stars movement had great importance for their calendars and the measurement of both agricultural and sacred cycles. However, great part of this knowledge was lost as consequence of the Spanish conquest which occurred on continental America in the 16th century.

The elements of the Aztec society such as culture, economy and science is preserved in the ''tlacuilos'', word that comes from the ancient Nahuatl word ''tlacuiloa'', which means ''writing with drawings''. These Tlacuilos where stored in the ''amoxcalli'', meaning amoxtli: books and calli: house. Later their became known as ''codices''; a word that came from the Latin word Codex which means written book.

After the Spanish conquest many of the pre-hispanic Codexes where destroyed, their main feature is that their where drawn in many different materials such as deer skin, ''amate'' paper or cotton fabric and they had no text only draws or ''glifos''. However the collection of Mesoamerican customs continued prior to the Spanish conquest thanks to the work of some native indians and some Spanish priests, this codexes are known as Colonial Codexes and there is a change of the way of drawing because of the new techniques of drawing and the new materials imported from Europe, also because of the incorporation of descriptive text both in Spanish and Nahuatl.

Sadly, the Aztec astronomical knowledge in the remaining codexes is really small. The next image is one of the few that names some constellations and astronomical phenomena identified by the Aztec, it belong to the ''Primeros Memoriales'' (first memorials), which is a colonial manuscript of the 16th century written by Fray Bernardino de Sahagun.

The group of stars that we know as Pleiades symbolized for the Mexicas ''Tianquiztli'', which means market, perhaps because of the crowd that gathers on them, they're generally represented by one or two people inside a circle with goods. Currently, in Mexico the informal market or street markets are called ''Tianguis''.<ref>Herbert J. Spinden (1916). The Question of the Zodiac in America. New Series, Vol. 18, No. 1 (Jan. - Mar., 1916), pp. 53-80. doi: [https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290?origin=JSTOR-pdf&seq=1 https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290]</ref><ref>LOS CÓDICES DE MÉXICO [https://iconio.com/ABCD/F/INDEX.PDF pdf]</ref><ref>[https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B3dices_coloniales_de_M%C3%A9xico Códices coloniales de México]</ref>

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==

==Weblinks==
* [https://www.montero.org.mx/constelaciones|Constelaciones Prehispánicas]
*[https://www.windows2universe.org/mythology/aztec_culture.html|Aztec Mythology]
*[https://www.famsi.org/spanish/mayawriting/codices/paris.html|El Códice París]
*[https://www.traduccionliteraria.org/1611/esc/america/sahagun.htm REAL CÉDULA PROHIBIENDO LA ''HISTORIA GENERAL DE LAS COSAS DE NUEVA ESPAÑA'' DE FRAY BERNARDINO DE SAHAGÚN]

==Reference==
*[[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Asterism]][[Category:Constellation]][[Category:Pleiades]] [[Category:Tau]] [[Category:Aztec]] [[Category:Central American]] [[Category:American]]<nowiki> </nowiki>

Mamalhuaztli

2026-06-22T07:36:39Z

ASEtech:

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
Mamalhuaztli is a stick.

==Etymology and History==

For ancient aztecs, the knowledge of the night skies and stars movement had great importance for their calendars and the measurement of both agricultural and sacred cycles. However, great part of this knowledge was lost as consequence of the Spanish conquest which occurred on continental America in the 16th century.

The elements of the Aztec society such as culture, economy and science is preserved in the ''tlacuilos'', word that comes from the ancient Nahuatl word ''tlacuiloa'', which means ''writing with drawings''. These Tlacuilos where stored in the ''amoxcalli'', meaning amoxtli: books and calli: house. Later their became known as ''codices''; a word that came from the Latin word Codex which means written book.

After the Spanish conquest many of the pre-hispanic Codexes where destroyed, their main feature is that their where drawn in many different materials such as deer skin, ''amate'' paper or cotton fabric and they had no text only draws or ''glifos''. However the collection of Mesoamerican customs continued prior to the Spanish conquest thanks to the work of some native indians and some Spanish priests, this codexes are known as Colonial Codexes and there is a change of the way of drawing because of the new techniques of drawing and the new materials imported from Europe, also because of the incorporation of descriptive text both in Spanish and Nahuatl.

Sadly, the Aztec astronomical knowledge in the remaining codexes is really small. The next image is one of the few that names some constellations and astronomical phenomena identified by the Aztec, it belong to the ''Primeros Memoriales'' (first memorials), which is a colonial manuscript of the 16th century written by Fray Bernardino de Sahagun.

Ancient Aztec identified the Orion's Belt as Mamalhuaztli, and it represented the wood sticks used to light the new fire in the commemoration celebrated every 52 years by the Mexicans and their neighbors named ''toxiuh molpilia'' which means binding of the years and coincided with the beginning of the new year named ''xiuhtzitzquilo''.<ref>Herbert J. Spinden (1916). The Question of the Zodiac in America. New Series, Vol. 18, No. 1 (Jan. - Mar., 1916), pp. 53-80. doi: [https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290?origin=JSTOR-pdf&seq=1 https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290]</ref><ref>LOS CÓDICES DE MÉXICO [https://iconio.com/ABCD/F/INDEX.PDF pdf]</ref><ref>[https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B3dices_coloniales_de_M%C3%A9xico Códices coloniales de México]</ref>

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==

==Weblinks==
* [https://www.montero.org.mx/constelaciones|Constelaciones Prehispánicas]
*[https://www.windows2universe.org/mythology/aztec_culture.html|Aztec Mythology]
*[https://www.famsi.org/spanish/mayawriting/codices/paris.html|El Códice París]
*[https://www.traduccionliteraria.org/1611/esc/america/sahagun.htm REAL CÉDULA PROHIBIENDO LA ''HISTORIA GENERAL DE LAS COSAS DE NUEVA ESPAÑA'' DE FRAY BERNARDINO DE SAHAGÚN]

==Reference==
*[[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Asterism]][[Category:Constellation]][[Category:Ori]] [[Category:Aztec]] [[Category:Central American]] [[Category:American]]<nowiki> </nowiki>

Citlaltlachtli

2026-06-22T07:36:30Z

ASEtech:

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
Citlaltlachtli is the ball game of the stars.

==Etymology and History==

For ancient aztecs, the knowledge of the night skies and stars movement had great importance for their calendars and the measurement of both agricultural and sacred cycles. However, great part of this knowledge was lost as consequence of the Spanish conquest which occurred on continental America in the 16th century.

The elements of the Aztec society such as culture, economy and science is preserved in the ''tlacuilos'', word that comes from the ancient Nahuatl word ''tlacuiloa'', which means ''writing with drawings''. These Tlacuilos where stored in the ''amoxcalli'', meaning amoxtli: books and calli: house. Later their became known as ''codices''; a word that came from the Latin word Codex which means written book.

After the Spanish conquest many of the pre-hispanic Codexes where destroyed, their main feature is that their where drawn in many different materials such as deer skin, ''amate'' paper or cotton fabric and they had no text only draws or ''glifos''. However the collection of Mesoamerican customs continued prior to the Spanish conquest thanks to the work of some native indians and some Spanish priests, this codexes are known as Colonial Codexes and there is a change of the way of drawing because of the new techniques of drawing and the new materials imported from Europe, also because of the incorporation of descriptive text both in Spanish and Nahuatl.

Sadly, the Aztec astronomical knowledge in the remaining codexes is really small. The next image is one of the few that names some constellations and astronomical phenomena identified by the Aztec, it belong to the ''Primeros Memoriales'' (first memorials), which is a colonial manuscript of the 16th century written by Fray Bernardino de Sahagun.

The constellation of Gemini was called ''Citlaltlachtli'', which means the ball game of the stars. This game was endowed with a ritual significance and used a natural rubber ball. It is said that the movement of the ball within the playing field refers to the movement of the sun and moon.<ref>Herbert J. Spinden (1916). The Question of the Zodiac in America. New Series, Vol. 18, No. 1 (Jan. - Mar., 1916), pp. 53-80. doi: [https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290?origin=JSTOR-pdf&seq=1 https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290]</ref><ref>LOS CÓDICES DE MÉXICO [https://iconio.com/ABCD/F/INDEX.PDF pdf]</ref><ref>[https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B3dices_coloniales_de_M%C3%A9xico Códices coloniales de México]</ref>

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==

==Weblinks==
* [https://www.montero.org.mx/constelaciones|Constelaciones Prehispánicas]
*[https://www.windows2universe.org/mythology/aztec_culture.html|Aztec Mythology]
*[https://www.famsi.org/spanish/mayawriting/codices/paris.html|El Códice París]
*[https://www.traduccionliteraria.org/1611/esc/america/sahagun.htm REAL CÉDULA PROHIBIENDO LA ''HISTORIA GENERAL DE LAS COSAS DE NUEVA ESPAÑA'' DE FRAY BERNARDINO DE SAHAGÚN]

==Reference==
*[[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Asterism]][[Category:Constellation]][[Category:Gem]] [[Category:Aztec]] [[Category:Central American]] [[Category:American]]<nowiki> </nowiki>

Citlalcolotl

2026-06-22T07:36:18Z

ASEtech:

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
Citlalcolotl is located in scorpius.

==Etymology and History==

For ancient aztecs, the knowledge of the night skies and stars movement had great importance for their calendars and the measurement of both agricultural and sacred cycles. However, great part of this knowledge was lost as consequence of the Spanish conquest which occurred on continental America in the 16th century.

The elements of the Aztec society such as culture, economy and science is preserved in the ''tlacuilos'', word that comes from the ancient Nahuatl word ''tlacuiloa'', which means ''writing with drawings''. These Tlacuilos where stored in the ''amoxcalli'', meaning amoxtli: books and calli: house. Later their became known as ''codices''; a word that came from the Latin word Codex which means written book.

After the Spanish conquest many of the pre-hispanic Codexes where destroyed, their main feature is that their where drawn in many different materials such as deer skin, ''amate'' paper or cotton fabric and they had no text only draws or ''glifos''. However the collection of Mesoamerican customs continued prior to the Spanish conquest thanks to the work of some native indians and some Spanish priests, this codexes are known as Colonial Codexes and there is a change of the way of drawing because of the new techniques of drawing and the new materials imported from Europe, also because of the incorporation of descriptive text both in Spanish and Nahuatl.

Sadly, the Aztec astronomical knowledge in the remaining codexes is really small. The next image is one of the few that names some constellations and astronomical phenomena identified by the Aztec, it belong to the ''Primeros Memoriales'' (first memorials), which is a colonial manuscript of the 16th century written by Fray Bernardino de Sahagun.

According to the Florentino Codex Sahagun's informants identified a group of stars known as Citlalcolotl, the scorpion star. In turn, Tezozomoc also mentions the scorpion star and he called it Colotlixayac, which means face of a scorpion. In a section of the Paris Codex called zodiac pages appears the scorpion, in this codex the icons shows figures of animals hanging from the body of the Celestial Dragon.<ref>Herbert J. Spinden (1916). The Question of the Zodiac in America. New Series, Vol. 18, No. 1 (Jan. - Mar., 1916), pp. 53-80. doi: [https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290?origin=JSTOR-pdf&seq=1 https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290]</ref><ref>LOS CÓDICES DE MÉXICO [https://iconio.com/ABCD/F/INDEX.PDF pdf]</ref><ref>[https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B3dices_coloniales_de_M%C3%A9xico Códices coloniales de México]</ref>

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==

==Weblinks==
* [https://www.montero.org.mx/constelaciones|Constelaciones Prehispánicas]
*[https://www.windows2universe.org/mythology/aztec_culture.html|Aztec Mythology]
*[https://www.famsi.org/spanish/mayawriting/codices/paris.html|El Códice París]
*[https://www.traduccionliteraria.org/1611/esc/america/sahagun.htm REAL CÉDULA PROHIBIENDO LA ''HISTORIA GENERAL DE LAS COSAS DE NUEVA ESPAÑA'' DE FRAY BERNARDINO DE SAHAGÚN]

==Reference==
*[[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Asterism]][[Category:Constellation]][[Category:Sco]] [[Category:Aztec]] [[Category:Central American]] [[Category:American]]<nowiki> </nowiki>

Citlalcolotl

2026-06-22T07:33:57Z

ASEtech: Created page with "Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}} ---- Citlalcolotl is located in scorpius. ==Etymology and History== According to the Florentino Codex Sahagun's informants identified a group of stars known as Citlalcolotl, the scorpion star. In turn, Tezozomoc also mentions the scorpion star and he called it Colotlixayac, which means face of a scorpion. In a section of the Paris Codex called zodiac pages appears the scorpion, in this codex the icons shows figures of animals hanging from the b..."

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
Citlalcolotl is located in scorpius.

==Etymology and History==

According to the Florentino Codex Sahagun's informants identified a group of stars known as Citlalcolotl, the scorpion star. In turn, Tezozomoc also mentions the scorpion star and he called it Colotlixayac, which means face of a scorpion. In a section of the Paris Codex called zodiac pages appears the scorpion, in this codex the icons shows figures of animals hanging from the body of the Celestial Dragon.<ref>Herbert J. Spinden (1916). The Question of the Zodiac in America. New Series, Vol. 18, No. 1 (Jan. - Mar., 1916), pp. 53-80. doi: [https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290?origin=JSTOR-pdf&seq=1 https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290]</ref><ref>LOS CÓDICES DE MÉXICO [https://iconio.com/ABCD/F/INDEX.PDF pdf]</ref><ref>[https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B3dices_coloniales_de_M%C3%A9xico Códices coloniales de México]</ref>

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==

==Weblinks==
* [https://www.montero.org.mx/constelaciones|Constelaciones Prehispánicas]
*[https://www.windows2universe.org/mythology/aztec_culture.html|Aztec Mythology]
*[https://www.famsi.org/spanish/mayawriting/codices/paris.html|El Códice París]
*[https://www.traduccionliteraria.org/1611/esc/america/sahagun.htm REAL CÉDULA PROHIBIENDO LA ''HISTORIA GENERAL DE LAS COSAS DE NUEVA ESPAÑA'' DE FRAY BERNARDINO DE SAHAGÚN]

==Reference==
*[[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Asterism]][[Category:Constellation]][[Category:Sco]] [[Category:Aztec]] [[Category:Central American]] [[Category:American]]<nowiki> </nowiki>

Xonecuilli

2026-06-22T07:31:14Z

ASEtech: Created page with "Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}} ---- Xonecuilli refers to Ursa Minor. ==Etymology and History== The Ursa Minor constellation is identified as Xonecuilli which means twisted foot, and is related to Nanahuatzin, this character is represented with twisted feet, filled with boils and sores, this sick and poor God sacrificed himself to become ''Tonatiuh'' the Sun god. Apparently, this constellation can also be associated with the Southern Cross and its surrounding stars as is refe..."

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
Xonecuilli refers to Ursa Minor.

==Etymology and History==

The Ursa Minor constellation is identified as Xonecuilli which means twisted foot, and is related to Nanahuatzin, this character is represented with twisted feet, filled with boils and sores, this sick and poor God sacrificed himself to become ''Tonatiuh'' the Sun god. Apparently, this constellation can also be associated with the Southern Cross and its surrounding stars as is referred by ''Tezozomoc''. For its part, Sahagun speaks of his resemblance to bread made in the form of letter S and called by the Aztecs ''xonecuilli''.<ref>Herbert J. Spinden (1916). The Question of the Zodiac in America. New Series, Vol. 18, No. 1 (Jan. - Mar., 1916), pp. 53-80. doi: [https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290?origin=JSTOR-pdf&seq=1 https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290]</ref><ref>LOS CÓDICES DE MÉXICO [https://iconio.com/ABCD/F/INDEX.PDF pdf]</ref><ref>[https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B3dices_coloniales_de_M%C3%A9xico Códices coloniales de México]</ref>

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==

==Weblinks==
* [https://www.montero.org.mx/constelaciones|Constelaciones Prehispánicas]
*[https://www.windows2universe.org/mythology/aztec_culture.html|Aztec Mythology]
*[https://www.famsi.org/spanish/mayawriting/codices/paris.html|El Códice París]
*[https://www.traduccionliteraria.org/1611/esc/america/sahagun.htm REAL CÉDULA PROHIBIENDO LA ''HISTORIA GENERAL DE LAS COSAS DE NUEVA ESPAÑA'' DE FRAY BERNARDINO DE SAHAGÚN]

==Reference==
*[[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Asterism]][[Category:Constellation]][[Category:UMi]] [[Category:Aztec]] [[Category:Central American]] [[Category:American]]<nowiki> </nowiki>

Citlaltlachtli

2026-06-22T07:29:30Z

ASEtech: Created page with "Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}} ---- Citlaltlachtli is the ball game of the stars. ==Etymology and History== The constellation of Gemini was called ''Citlaltlachtli'', which means the ball game of the stars. This game was endowed with a ritual significance and used a natural rubber ball. It is said that the movement of the ball within the playing field refers to the movement of the sun and moon.<ref>Herbert J. Spinden (1916). The Question of the Zodiac in America. New Series..."

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
Citlaltlachtli is the ball game of the stars.

==Etymology and History==

The constellation of Gemini was called ''Citlaltlachtli'', which means the ball game of the stars. This game was endowed with a ritual significance and used a natural rubber ball. It is said that the movement of the ball within the playing field refers to the movement of the sun and moon.<ref>Herbert J. Spinden (1916). The Question of the Zodiac in America. New Series, Vol. 18, No. 1 (Jan. - Mar., 1916), pp. 53-80. doi: [https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290?origin=JSTOR-pdf&seq=1 https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290]</ref><ref>LOS CÓDICES DE MÉXICO [https://iconio.com/ABCD/F/INDEX.PDF pdf]</ref><ref>[https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B3dices_coloniales_de_M%C3%A9xico Códices coloniales de México]</ref>

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==

==Weblinks==
* [https://www.montero.org.mx/constelaciones|Constelaciones Prehispánicas]
*[https://www.windows2universe.org/mythology/aztec_culture.html|Aztec Mythology]
*[https://www.famsi.org/spanish/mayawriting/codices/paris.html|El Códice París]
*[https://www.traduccionliteraria.org/1611/esc/america/sahagun.htm REAL CÉDULA PROHIBIENDO LA ''HISTORIA GENERAL DE LAS COSAS DE NUEVA ESPAÑA'' DE FRAY BERNARDINO DE SAHAGÚN]

==Reference==
*[[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Asterism]][[Category:Constellation]][[Category:Gem]] [[Category:Aztec]] [[Category:Central American]] [[Category:American]]<nowiki> </nowiki>

Tianquiztli

2026-06-22T07:28:13Z

ASEtech:

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
Tianquiztli is Pleiades.

==Etymology and History==

The group of stars that we know as Pleiades symbolized for the Mexicas ''Tianquiztli'', which means market, perhaps because of the crowd that gathers on them, they're generally represented by one or two people inside a circle with goods. Currently, in Mexico the informal market or street markets are called ''Tianguis''.<ref>Herbert J. Spinden (1916). The Question of the Zodiac in America. New Series, Vol. 18, No. 1 (Jan. - Mar., 1916), pp. 53-80. doi: [https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290?origin=JSTOR-pdf&seq=1 https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290]</ref><ref>LOS CÓDICES DE MÉXICO [https://iconio.com/ABCD/F/INDEX.PDF pdf]</ref><ref>[https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B3dices_coloniales_de_M%C3%A9xico Códices coloniales de México]</ref>

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==

==Weblinks==
* [https://www.montero.org.mx/constelaciones|Constelaciones Prehispánicas]
*[https://www.windows2universe.org/mythology/aztec_culture.html|Aztec Mythology]
*[https://www.famsi.org/spanish/mayawriting/codices/paris.html|El Códice París]
*[https://www.traduccionliteraria.org/1611/esc/america/sahagun.htm REAL CÉDULA PROHIBIENDO LA ''HISTORIA GENERAL DE LAS COSAS DE NUEVA ESPAÑA'' DE FRAY BERNARDINO DE SAHAGÚN]

==Reference==
*[[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Asterism]][[Category:Constellation]][[Category:Pleiades]] [[Category:Tau]] [[Category:Aztec]] [[Category:Central American]] [[Category:American]]<nowiki> </nowiki>

Tianquiztli

2026-06-22T07:27:57Z

ASEtech: Created page with "Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}} ---- Tianquiztli is Pleiades. ==Etymology and History== The group of stars that we know as Pleiades symbolized for the Mexicas ''Tianquiztli'', which means market, perhaps because of the crowd that gathers on them, they're generally represented by one or two people inside a circle with goods.<ref>Herbert J. Spinden (1916). The Question of the Zodiac in America. New Series, Vol. 18, No. 1 (Jan. - Mar., 1916), pp. 53-80. doi: [https://www.jstor.o..."

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
Tianquiztli is Pleiades.

==Etymology and History==

The group of stars that we know as Pleiades symbolized for the Mexicas ''Tianquiztli'', which means market, perhaps because of the crowd that gathers on them, they're generally represented by one or two people inside a circle with goods.<ref>Herbert J. Spinden (1916). The Question of the Zodiac in America. New Series, Vol. 18, No. 1 (Jan. - Mar., 1916), pp. 53-80. doi: [https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290?origin=JSTOR-pdf&seq=1 https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290]</ref><ref>LOS CÓDICES DE MÉXICO [https://iconio.com/ABCD/F/INDEX.PDF pdf]</ref><ref>[https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B3dices_coloniales_de_M%C3%A9xico Códices coloniales de México]</ref>

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==

==Weblinks==
* [https://www.montero.org.mx/constelaciones|Constelaciones Prehispánicas]
*[https://www.windows2universe.org/mythology/aztec_culture.html|Aztec Mythology]
*[https://www.famsi.org/spanish/mayawriting/codices/paris.html|El Códice París]
*[https://www.traduccionliteraria.org/1611/esc/america/sahagun.htm REAL CÉDULA PROHIBIENDO LA ''HISTORIA GENERAL DE LAS COSAS DE NUEVA ESPAÑA'' DE FRAY BERNARDINO DE SAHAGÚN]

==Reference==
*[[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Asterism]][[Category:Constellation]][[Category:Pleiades]] [[Category:Tau]] [[Category:Aztec]] [[Category:Central American]] [[Category:American]]<nowiki> </nowiki>

Mamalhuaztli

2026-06-22T07:25:37Z

ASEtech: Created page with "Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}} ---- Mamalhuaztli is a stick. ==Etymology and History== Ancient Aztec identified the Orion's Belt as Mamalhuaztli, and it represented the wood sticks used to light the new fire in the commemoration celebrated every 52 years by the Mexicans and their neighbors named ''toxiuh molpilia'' which means binding of the years and coincided with the beginning of the new year named ''xiuhtzitzquilo''.<ref>Herbert J. Spinden (1916). The Question of the Zod..."

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
Mamalhuaztli is a stick.

==Etymology and History==

Ancient Aztec identified the Orion's Belt as Mamalhuaztli, and it represented the wood sticks used to light the new fire in the commemoration celebrated every 52 years by the Mexicans and their neighbors named ''toxiuh molpilia'' which means binding of the years and coincided with the beginning of the new year named ''xiuhtzitzquilo''.<ref>Herbert J. Spinden (1916). The Question of the Zodiac in America. New Series, Vol. 18, No. 1 (Jan. - Mar., 1916), pp. 53-80. doi: [https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290?origin=JSTOR-pdf&seq=1 https://www.jstor.org/stable/660290]</ref><ref>LOS CÓDICES DE MÉXICO [https://iconio.com/ABCD/F/INDEX.PDF pdf]</ref><ref>[https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B3dices_coloniales_de_M%C3%A9xico Códices coloniales de México]</ref>

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==

==Weblinks==
* [https://www.montero.org.mx/constelaciones|Constelaciones Prehispánicas]
*[https://www.windows2universe.org/mythology/aztec_culture.html|Aztec Mythology]
*[https://www.famsi.org/spanish/mayawriting/codices/paris.html|El Códice París]
*[https://www.traduccionliteraria.org/1611/esc/america/sahagun.htm REAL CÉDULA PROHIBIENDO LA ''HISTORIA GENERAL DE LAS COSAS DE NUEVA ESPAÑA'' DE FRAY BERNARDINO DE SAHAGÚN]

==Reference==
*[[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Asterism]][[Category:Constellation]][[Category:Ori]] [[Category:Aztec]] [[Category:Central American]] [[Category:American]]<nowiki> </nowiki>

Hawaiian and Pacific (All Terms)

2026-06-22T07:06:25Z

ASEtech: /* Hawaiian Starlines */

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----

[[File:Polynesian_Migration-id.svg|thumb|314x314px|Polynesian Migration period]]

the culture(s) , ...

Most of the content of this page is based on Clive Ruggles's edited book '''Nā Inoa Hōkū''' (3rd edition).

== Sky ==

=== Milky Way ===

...
== Solar System Names ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Traditional Signs
!Old Norse
!English
!Commentary
|-
|
|
|Sun
|
|-
|
|
|Moon
|
|-
|
|
|Mercury
|
|-
|
|
| rowspan="2" |Venus
|
|-
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|Mars
|
|-
|
|
|Jupiter
|
|-
|
|
|Saturn
|
|}

notes

== <small>Here is an overview on Norse asterism names</small> ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Language !! Original Language !! Transaltion / Etymological Meaning, when possible !! Commentary
|-
|Marshallese
|[[Arin-majlep]]
|
|
|-
|
|[[Bake-eo]]
|
|
|-
|
|[[Elieli]]
|
|
|-
|
|[[Fatana-lua]]
|
|
|-
|
|[[Holoea]]
|
|
|-
|
|[[Itua ni Bure]]
|
|
|-
|
|Laya
|
|
|-
|
|[[Leepwal]]
|
|
|-
|
|[[Kautoki]]
|
|
|-
|
|[[Pipit]]
|
|
|-
|
|[[Ponga-Ponga|Ponga-ponga]]
|
|
|-
|
|[[Raiti ni Bure]]
|
|
|-
|
|Sangkap-sangkap
|
|
|-
|
|[[Te Yiku-o-te-kiole]]
|
|
|-
|
|[[Tiaki]]
|
|
|}

== Hawaiian Starlines ==
For years, Hawaiian navigators have memorized the position of stars as they rise and set in order to know oneʻs bearing. The knowledge of Hawaiian star navigation has been passed down orally for many generations. Much of the knowledge regarding stars and navigation were lost until the Hawaiian Renaissance in the early 1970s. Polynesian Voyage Society (PVS), founded in 1973, created Hokule’a in 1975. Hokule’a is a traditional Hawaiian voyaging canoe with the mission to revive the art of way finding. A man from Satawal, Micronesia named Mau Piailug was a master navigator/wayfinder. The knowledge of wayfinding and using the sky to navigate was passed down to Mau from his ancestors. Nainoa Thompson, current President of PVS, asked Mau to teach his knowledge of navigation to him with the intention of reviving the knowledge that was once lost to the Hawaiians. With the knowledge learned from Mau, the Hawaiian star compass and star lines were created.

Each star line is a group of main stars that will be remembered by the navigators. The stars connect making constellations. Navigators remember the rising/setting houses of these stars, the stars that connect in each line, and the lines that point directly to North and South. The star lines’ position in the night sky slowly change over time, each starline being more prevalent at night according to the season. The star lines with their according season are as follows:<ref>Mau Piailug of Satawal in Stellarium; printed in appendix of Hoffmann and Wolfschmidt (eds.): ''Astronomy in Culture – Cultures of Astronomy.'' Featuring the Proceedings of the Splinter Meeting in the Annual Meeting of the German Astronomical Society, Sept. 14-16, 2021., Reihe: Nuncius Hamburgensis 57, tredition, Hamburg & OpenScienceTechnology Berlin (cBook)</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!No
!Star division
!Meaning
!Period
|-
|1.
|[[Ke Ka o Makali‘i]]
|Bailer of Makali’i
|November to April
|-
|2.
|[[Ka Iwikuamo‘o]]
|backbone (directly: Bone back-lizard)
|April to July
|-
|3.
|[[Manaiakalani]]
|The Chief's Fishline
|May to October
|-
|4.
|[[Ka Lupe o Kawelo]]
|The Kite of Kawelo
|September to February
|}

== References ==

* [[References]] (general)

[[Category:Oceania]] [[Category:Polynesian]] [[Category:Hawaiian]]
[[Category:Overviews]]
[[Category:Service]]
[[Category:4work]]

Ke Ka o Makali‘i

2026-06-22T07:05:10Z

ASEtech:

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----

The direct translation means the “Bailer of ''Makali’i''”. The lines are shaped as a canoe bailer which scoops ''Ka Hei-Hei o Na Keiki'' (Orion) and ''Makali’i'' (Pleiades) up into the night sky. In voyaging a bailer is used to scoop up water out of the hulls.

==Etymology and History==
The main stars of ''Ke Ka o Makali’i'' from North to South are ''Hokulei'' (Capella), ''Nanamua'' (Castor), ''Nanahope'' (Pollux), ''Puana'' (Procyon), and ''‘A’a'' (Sirius). These stars connect together to create the bailer in the sky. Mintaka (δ Ori) is an important star in this line because it rises/sets directly east or west giving the navigator an easy pointer star for direction. Mirzam (β CMa next to ''‘A’a'' (Sirius)) and ''Ke Ali’i Kona i Ka Lewa'' (Canopus) connect together to create a southern pointer. ''‘Ekekeuehuehu'' (θ Aur, Mahasim) and ''‘Ekekeu’ena’ena'' (β Aur, Menkalinan) connect to create a northern pointer. Different north/south pointers are found in the star lines and used heavily by navigators.<ref>Mau Piailug of Satawal in Stellarium; printed in appendix of Hoffmann and Wolfschmidt (eds.): ''Astronomy in Culture – Cultures of Astronomy.'' Featuring the Proceedings of the Splinter Meeting in the Annual Meeting of the German Astronomical Society, Sept. 14-16, 2021., Reihe: Nuncius Hamburgensis 57, tredition, Hamburg & OpenScienceTechnology Berlin (cBook)</ref>

==Mythology==

== Weblinks ==

* [https://hokulea.com/|Polynesian Voyaging Society]
*[https://archive.hokulea.com/ike/hookele/hawaiian_star_lines.html|Hawaiian Star Lines and Names for Stars]

== Reference ==
* [[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Hawaiian]] [[Category:Polynesian]] [[Category:Oceania]] [[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Rubric]] [[Category:Navigation Asterism]] [[Category:Seasonal Constellation Group]] [[Category:Ori]] [[Category:Pleiades]] [[Category:CMa]] [[Category:Car]] [[Category:Aur]]

Ka Lupe o Kawelo

2026-06-22T07:04:51Z

ASEtech: Created page with "Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}} ---- ''Ka Lupe o Kawelo'' translates to “The Kite of Kawelo”. Kawelo was a great chief of Kaua’i and O’ahu and this star line represents the kite which was lost as a child. ==Etymology and History== The star line starts with ''‘Iwakeli’i'', meaning Chief Frigate Bird (''Fregata Minor''). The shape of this constellation (which is Cassiopeia's W in the West) resembles the ''‘iwa'' bird that is known for leading voyagers to land. The..."

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----

''Ka Lupe o Kawelo'' translates to “The Kite of Kawelo”. Kawelo was a great chief of Kaua’i and O’ahu and this star line represents the kite which was lost as a child.

==Etymology and History==
The star line starts with ''‘Iwakeli’i'', meaning Chief Frigate Bird (''Fregata Minor''). The shape of this constellation (which is Cassiopeia's W in the West) resembles the ''‘iwa'' bird that is known for leading voyagers to land. The center of the star line is the Kite of Kawelo (equal to the Great Square of Pegasus). The four stars that make the kite are named after Kawelo’s greatest ancestors: ''Manokalanipo'' (δ Peg, Alpheratz), ''Kakuhihewa'' (β Peg, Scheat), ''Pi’ilani'' (γ Peg, Algenib), and ''Keawe'' (α Peg, Markab). All four were famous chiefs of their time. The star line then connects south to two stars ''Pi’ikea'' (β Cet, Deneb Kaitos) and ''Kukaniloko'' (α PsA, Fomalhaut).

The northern pointer is found in ''Manokalanipo'' (δ Peg, Alpheratz) and ''Kealohalani-po-keao'' (β Cas, Caph) of ''‘Iwakeli’i''. The southern pointer is connected with ''Keawe'' (α Peg, Markab) and ''Kukaniloko'' (α PsA, Fomalhaut).<ref>Mau Piailug of Satawal in Stellarium; printed in appendix of Hoffmann and Wolfschmidt (eds.): ''Astronomy in Culture – Cultures of Astronomy.'' Featuring the Proceedings of the Splinter Meeting in the Annual Meeting of the German Astronomical Society, Sept. 14-16, 2021., Reihe: Nuncius Hamburgensis 57, tredition, Hamburg & OpenScienceTechnology Berlin (cBook)</ref>

==Mythology==

== Weblinks ==

* [https://hokulea.com/|Polynesian Voyaging Society]
*[https://archive.hokulea.com/ike/hookele/hawaiian_star_lines.html|Hawaiian Star Lines and Names for Stars]

== Reference ==
* [[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Hawaiian]] [[Category:Polynesian]] [[Category:Oceania]] [[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Rubric]] [[Category:Navigation Asterism]] [[Category:Seasonal Constellation Group]] [[Category:Peg]] [[Category:Cet]] [[Category:PsA]] [[Category:Cas]]

Manaiakalani

2026-06-22T07:03:17Z

ASEtech: Created page with "Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}} ---- ''Manaiakalani'' translates to “The Chief's Fishline”. This refers to the legend of the demi god Maui and his fish hook. Maui is credited for pulling up the islands with his magical fish hook. ==Etymology and History== This star line consists of two constellations. The Navigator’s Triangle on the north and Maui’s fish hook on the south. The Navigator’s Triangle is made of three stars ''Hawaiki'' (Deneb), ''Keoe'' (Vega), and ''Hu..."

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----

''Manaiakalani'' translates to “The Chief's Fishline”. This refers to the legend of the demi god Maui and his fish hook. Maui is credited for pulling up the islands with his magical fish hook.

==Etymology and History==
This star line consists of two constellations. The Navigator’s Triangle on the north and Maui’s fish hook on the south. The Navigator’s Triangle is made of three stars ''Hawaiki'' (Deneb), ''Keoe'' (Vega), and ''Humu'' (Altair). (It is the same figure as the Summer Triangle for modern amateur astronomers.) These stars also represent the Polynesian triangle: Hawai’i (''Hawaiki''), Rapanui (''Keoe''), and Aotearoa (''Humu''). These three islands are pulled by the fish hook of Maui (Scorpius).

The northern pointer is found in the Navigator’s Triangle when you connect ''Wainielela'' (ε Cyg, Aljanah (Gienah)) and ''Hawaiki'' (Deneb). Southern pointers are in the fish hook when you connect ''Mili’opu'' (δ Sco, Dschubba) and ''Kahe'' (π Sco, Fang), the stars on the top of the hook.<ref>Mau Piailug of Satawal in Stellarium; printed in appendix of Hoffmann and Wolfschmidt (eds.): ''Astronomy in Culture – Cultures of Astronomy.'' Featuring the Proceedings of the Splinter Meeting in the Annual Meeting of the German Astronomical Society, Sept. 14-16, 2021., Reihe: Nuncius Hamburgensis 57, tredition, Hamburg & OpenScienceTechnology Berlin (cBook)</ref>

==Mythology==

== Weblinks ==

* [https://hokulea.com/|Polynesian Voyaging Society]
*[https://archive.hokulea.com/ike/hookele/hawaiian_star_lines.html|Hawaiian Star Lines and Names for Stars]

== Reference ==
* [[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Hawaiian]] [[Category:Polynesian]] [[Category:Oceania]] [[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Rubric]] [[Category:Navigation Asterism]] [[Category:Seasonal Constellation Group]] [[Category:Leo]] [[Category:Lyr]] [[Category:Aql]] [[Category:Sco]] [[Category:Cyg]]

Ka Iwikuamo‘o

2026-06-22T07:00:41Z

ASEtech: Created page with "Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}} ---- ''Ka Iwikuamo’o'' translates to the backbone (directly: Bone back-lizard). This star line is depicted as the backbone of a lizard or ''mo’o'' in this sky culture. It can also be representing a genealogical backbone, each star representing a generation. ==Etymology and History== The star line itself starts with ''Hokupa’a'' (North Star), the ultimate northern pointer due to the star never moving in the sky, always above north. ''Hokup..."

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----

''Ka Iwikuamo’o'' translates to the backbone (directly: Bone back-lizard). This star line is depicted as the backbone of a lizard or ''mo’o'' in this sky culture. It can also be representing a genealogical backbone, each star representing a generation.

==Etymology and History==
The star line itself starts with ''Hokupa’a'' (North Star), the ultimate northern pointer due to the star never moving in the sky, always above north. ''Hokupa’a'' connects down to ''Na Hiku'' (Big Dipper). ''Na Hiku'' translates to “The Seven” as there is seven stars in the Big Dipper. ''Hokule’a'' (Arcturus) and ''Hikianalia'' (Spica) are the two stars in the middle of the star line. The two PVS canoes are named after these two stars. ''Hokule’a'' is the “zenith” star of Hawai’i, meaning it will be directly overhead when you are at the latitude of the Hawaiian Islands. ''Hokule’a'' is very important to navigators on finding their way back to Hawai’i. The meaning of ''Hokule’a'' is “the star of gladness” because it is the star used to find home bringing joy. Next to ''Hikianalia'' is ''Me’e'', a combination of four stars that create a box. ''Me’e'' connects down to ''Hanaiakamalama'' (Southern Cross) which is the southern pointer for ''Ka Iwikuamo’o''.<ref>Mau Piailug of Satawal in Stellarium; printed in appendix of Hoffmann and Wolfschmidt (eds.): ''Astronomy in Culture – Cultures of Astronomy.'' Featuring the Proceedings of the Splinter Meeting in the Annual Meeting of the German Astronomical Society, Sept. 14-16, 2021., Reihe: Nuncius Hamburgensis 57, tredition, Hamburg & OpenScienceTechnology Berlin (cBook)</ref>

==Mythology==

== Weblinks ==

* [https://hokulea.com/|Polynesian Voyaging Society]
*[https://archive.hokulea.com/ike/hookele/hawaiian_star_lines.html|Hawaiian Star Lines and Names for Stars]

== Reference ==
* [[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Hawaiian]] [[Category:Polynesian]] [[Category:Oceania]] [[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Rubric]] [[Category:Navigation Asterism]] [[Category:Seasonal Constellation Group]] [[Category:UMi]] [[Category:UMa]] [[Category:Boo]] [[Category:Vir]]

Ke Ka o Makali‘i

2026-06-22T06:54:20Z

ASEtech: Created page with "Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}} ---- The direct translation means the “Bailer of ''Makali’i''”. The lines are shaped as a canoe bailer which scoops ''Ka Hei-Hei o Na Keiki'' (Orion) and ''Makali’i'' (Pleiades) up into the night sky. In voyaging a bailer is used to scoop up water out of the hulls. ==Etymology and History== The main stars of ''Ke Ka o Makali’i'' from North to South are ''Hokulei'' (Capella), ''Nanamua'' (Castor), ''Nanahope'' (Pollux), ''Puana'' (Proc..."

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----

The direct translation means the “Bailer of ''Makali’i''”. The lines are shaped as a canoe bailer which scoops ''Ka Hei-Hei o Na Keiki'' (Orion) and ''Makali’i'' (Pleiades) up into the night sky. In voyaging a bailer is used to scoop up water out of the hulls.

==Etymology and History==
The main stars of ''Ke Ka o Makali’i'' from North to South are ''Hokulei'' (Capella), ''Nanamua'' (Castor), ''Nanahope'' (Pollux), ''Puana'' (Procyon), and ''‘A’a'' (Sirius). These stars connect together to create the bailer in the sky. Mintaka (δ Ori) is an important star in this line because it rises/sets directly east or west giving the navigator an easy pointer star for direction. Mirzam (β CMa next to ''‘A’a'' (Sirius)) and ''Ke Ali’i Kona i Ka Lewa'' (Canopus) connect together to create a southern pointer. ''‘Ekekeuehuehu'' (θ Aur, Mahasim) and ''‘Ekekeu’ena’ena'' (β Aur, Menkalinan) connect to create a northern pointer. Different north/south pointers are found in the star lines and used heavily by navigators.<ref>Mau Piailug of Satawal in Stellarium; printed in appendix of Hoffmann and Wolfschmidt (eds.): ''Astronomy in Culture – Cultures of Astronomy.'' Featuring the Proceedings of the Splinter Meeting in the Annual Meeting of the German Astronomical Society, Sept. 14-16, 2021., Reihe: Nuncius Hamburgensis 57, tredition, Hamburg & OpenScienceTechnology Berlin (cBook)</ref>
==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==

== Weblinks ==

*

== Reference ==
* [[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Hawaiian]] [[Category:Polynesian]] [[Category:Oceania]] [[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Rubric]] [[Category:Navigation Asterism]] [[Category:Seasonal Constellation Group]] [[Category:Ori]] [[Category:Pleiades]] [[Category:CMa]] [[Category:Car]] [[Category:Aur]]

Hawaiian and Pacific (All Terms)

2026-06-22T06:48:48Z

ASEtech: hawaiian starlines

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----

[[File:Polynesian_Migration-id.svg|thumb|314x314px|Polynesian Migration period]]

the culture(s) , ...

Most of the content of this page is based on Clive Ruggles's edited book '''Nā Inoa Hōkū''' (3rd edition).

== Sky ==

=== Milky Way ===

...
== Solar System Names ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Traditional Signs
!Old Norse
!English
!Commentary
|-
|
|
|Sun
|
|-
|
|
|Moon
|
|-
|
|
|Mercury
|
|-
|
|
| rowspan="2" |Venus
|
|-
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|Mars
|
|-
|
|
|Jupiter
|
|-
|
|
|Saturn
|
|}

notes

== <small>Here is an overview on Norse asterism names</small> ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Language !! Original Language !! Transaltion / Etymological Meaning, when possible !! Commentary
|-
|Marshallese
|[[Arin-majlep]]
|
|
|-
|
|[[Bake-eo]]
|
|
|-
|
|[[Elieli]]
|
|
|-
|
|[[Fatana-lua]]
|
|
|-
|
|[[Holoea]]
|
|
|-
|
|[[Itua ni Bure]]
|
|
|-
|
|Laya
|
|
|-
|
|[[Leepwal]]
|
|
|-
|
|[[Kautoki]]
|
|
|-
|
|[[Pipit]]
|
|
|-
|
|[[Ponga-Ponga|Ponga-ponga]]
|
|
|-
|
|[[Raiti ni Bure]]
|
|
|-
|
|Sangkap-sangkap
|
|
|-
|
|[[Te Yiku-o-te-kiole]]
|
|
|-
|
|[[Tiaki]]
|
|
|}

== Hawaiian Starlines ==
For years, Hawaiian navigators have memorized the position of stars as they rise and set in order to know oneʻs bearing. The knowledge of Hawaiian star navigation has been passed down orally for many generations. Much of the knowledge regarding stars and navigation were lost until the Hawaiian Renaissance in the early 1970s. Polynesian Voyage Society (PVS), founded in 1973, created Hokule’a in 1975. Hokule’a is a traditional Hawaiian voyaging canoe with the mission to revive the art of way finding. A man from Satawal, Micronesia named Mau Piailug was a master navigator/wayfinder. The knowledge of wayfinding and using the sky to navigate was passed down to Mau from his ancestors. Nainoa Thompson, current President of PVS, asked Mau to teach his knowledge of navigation to him with the intention of reviving the knowledge that was once lost to the Hawaiians. With the knowledge learned from Mau, the Hawaiian star compass and star lines were created.

Each star line is a group of main stars that will be remembered by the navigators. The stars connect making constellations. Navigators remember the rising/setting houses of these stars, the stars that connect in each line, and the lines that point directly to North and South. The star lines’ position in the night sky slowly change over time, each starline being more prevalent at night according to the season. The star lines with their according season are as follows:<ref>Mau Piailug of Satawal in Stellarium; printed in appendix of Hoffmann and Wolfschmidt (eds.): ''Astronomy in Culture – Cultures of Astronomy.'' Featuring the Proceedings of the Splinter Meeting in the Annual Meeting of the German Astronomical Society, Sept. 14-16, 2021., Reihe: Nuncius Hamburgensis 57, tredition, Hamburg & OpenScienceTechnology Berlin (cBook)</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!No
!Star division
!Period
|-
|1.
|Ke Ka o Makali‘i
|November to April
|-
|2.
|Ka Iwikuamo‘o
|April to July
|-
|3.
|Manaiakalani
|May to October
|-
|4.
|Ka Lupe o Kawelo
|September to February
|}

== References ==

* [[References]] (general)

[[Category:Oceania]] [[Category:Polynesian]] [[Category:Hawaiian]]
[[Category:Overviews]]
[[Category:Service]]
[[Category:4work]]

Kamilaroi and Euahlayi (Asterism Names)

2026-06-22T06:32:48Z

ASEtech: /* Here is an overview on Kamilaroi and Euahlayi asterism names */

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----

The Kamilaroi (also known as Gomeroi) and Euahlayi peoples are Australian Aboriginal cultural groups located in the northern part of New South Wales. They have survived European invasion and loss of much of their country. Their culture and connection to country remains strong, including an extensive cultural astronomy first recorded in the 1860s.<ref>Fuller, Robert S. and Anderson, Ghillar Michael (online). Kamilaroi sky culture in Stellarium, <nowiki>https://github.com/stellarium/stellarium</nowiki> , printed in Hoffmann and Wolfschmidt (eds., 2022), Astronomy in Culture --Cultures of Astronomy. Astronomie in der Kultur--Kulturen der Astronomie.: Featuring the Proceedings of the Splinter Meeting at the Annual Conference of the Astronomische Gesselschafb Sept. 14-16, 2021, tredition, Ahrensburg (Germany): 676-679.</ref>

== Solar System Names ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Kamilaroi and Euahlayi
!English
!Commentary
|-
|
|Sun
|
|-
|
|Moon
|
|-
|
|Mercury
|
|-
|Wamba
|Venus
|madness
|-
|
|Mars
|
|-
|
|Jupiter
|
|-
|
|Saturn
|
|}

== <small>Here is an overview on Kamilaroi and Euahlayi asterism names</small> ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Kamilaroi and Euahlayi !! Etymological Meaning, when possible !! Commentary
|-
|[[Bandaarr]]
|Kangaroo
|under the belly of the Emu in the Milky Way
|-
|[[Birray|Birray Birray]]
|Uninitiated boys
|belt of Orion
|-
|[[Birringolo]]
|second wife of Byaame
|near Alpha Muscae
|-
|[[Gawaargay]]
|Emu
|head in the Coal Sack, and its neck and body stretching out through the dust lanes of the Milky Way (Warrambul) past Scorpius
|-
|[[Miyay Miyay]]
|seven young women (sisters)
|Pleiades
|-
|[[Muraay Muyaay]]
|Sulfur-crested cockatoo
|Alpha Centauri and Hadar/Beta Centauri
|-
|[[Old Dthillar]]
|
|Aldebaran
The inverted "V" shape made up by Alpha, Epsilon, and Gamma Tauri is Old Dthillar's gunya (hut).
|-
|[[Old Wiringin]]
|Clever Man
|Small Magellanic Cloud
|-
|[[Wadhaagudjaaylwan]]
|
|Large Magellanic Cloud
|-
|[[Wamba Wamba]]
|Madness
|Canopus
|-
|[[Warrawilbaarru]]
|whirlwind spirit
|Scorpius
|-
|[[Yarran]]
|Roots of Yarran tree
|centred on the Coal Sack
|}
== References ==

* [[References]] (general)

[[Category:Oceania]] [[Category:Australia and New Zealand]][[Category:Australia]] [[Category:Kamilaroi/ Euahlayi]]
[[Category:Overviews]]
[[Category:Service]]

Warrawilbaarru

2026-06-22T06:31:18Z

ASEtech: Created page with "Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}} ---- Warrawilbaarru is a spirit in scorpius constellation<ref>Fuller, R. (2014) PhD [http://www.aboriginalastronomy.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Fuller-Thesis.pdf thesis]</ref> ==Etymology and History== Warrawilbaarru is the whirlwind spirit who lives in the constellation Scorpius. Byaame normally keeps him from coming to Earth, but in September he comes out of one of three holes (dark nebulae) in Scorpius during September, and doesn't go..."

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----

Warrawilbaarru is a spirit in scorpius constellation<ref>Fuller, R. (2014) PhD [http://www.aboriginalastronomy.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Fuller-Thesis.pdf thesis]</ref>

==Etymology and History==
Warrawilbaarru is the whirlwind spirit who lives in the constellation Scorpius. Byaame normally keeps him from coming to Earth, but in September he comes out of one of three holes (dark nebulae) in Scorpius during September, and doesn't go back until around March. During this time he is on earth as the "willy willy" or whirlwind, and can be dangerous to children and uninitiated men..<ref>Robert S. Fuller and Ghillar Michael Anderson in Stellarium; printed in appendix of Hoffmann and Wolfschmidt (eds.): ''Astronomy in Culture – Cultures of Astronomy.'' Featuring the Proceedings of the Splinter Meeting in the Annual Meeting of the German Astronomical Society, Sept. 14-16, 2021., Reihe: Nuncius Hamburgensis 57, tredition, Hamburg & OpenScienceTechnology Berlin (cBook)</ref>
==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==

== Weblinks ==

*

== Reference ==
* [[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Australia_and_New_Zealand‏‎]][[Category:Australia]]
[[Category:Kamilaroi/ Euahlayi]] [[Category:Oceania]] [[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]] [[Category:Sco]] [[Category:Phenomenon]] [[Category:Airy]] [[Category:Dark Constellation]]

Muraay Muyaay

2026-06-22T06:28:15Z

ASEtech: Created page with "Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}} ---- Muraay and Muyaay are two different name for two different stars<ref>Fuller, R. (2014) PhD [http://www.aboriginalastronomy.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Fuller-Thesis.pdf thesis]</ref> ==Etymology and History== Muraay is Kamilaroi, and Muyaay is Euahlayi for the sulfur-crested cockatoo, who are the Pointer stars (Alpha Centauri and Hadar/Beta Centauri). They ended up in the constellation Crux when their tree, the Yarran, was dragged in..."

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----

Muraay and Muyaay are two different name for two different stars<ref>Fuller, R. (2014) PhD [http://www.aboriginalastronomy.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Fuller-Thesis.pdf thesis]</ref>

==Etymology and History==
Muraay is Kamilaroi, and Muyaay is Euahlayi for the sulfur-crested cockatoo, who are the Pointer stars (Alpha Centauri and Hadar/Beta Centauri). They ended up in the constellation Crux when their tree, the Yarran, was dragged into the sky with the first man to die, and they are always chasing Yarran.<ref>Robert S. Fuller and Ghillar Michael Anderson in Stellarium; printed in appendix of Hoffmann and Wolfschmidt (eds.): ''Astronomy in Culture – Cultures of Astronomy.'' Featuring the Proceedings of the Splinter Meeting in the Annual Meeting of the German Astronomical Society, Sept. 14-16, 2021., Reihe: Nuncius Hamburgensis 57, tredition, Hamburg & OpenScienceTechnology Berlin (cBook)</ref>

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==

== Weblinks ==

*

== Reference ==
* [[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Australia_and_New_Zealand‏‎]][[Category:Australia]]
[[Category:Kamilaroi/ Euahlayi]] [[Category:Oceania]] [[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Star Name]]
[[Category:Cen]]

Talk:Wadhaagudjaaylwan

2026-06-22T06:26:02Z

ASEtech: /* Magellanic category */ new section

== Magellanic category ==

''do we need to add'' [[:Category:Magellanic Cloud]]''? and being a part of Phenomenon-Airy.cat'' [[User:ASEtech|ASEtech]] ([[User talk:ASEtech|talk]]) 06:26, 22 June 2026 (UTC)

Wadhaagudjaaylwan

2026-06-22T06:24:34Z

ASEtech: Created page with "Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}} ---- Wadhaagudjaaylwan is Byaame's third wife<ref>Fuller, R. (2014) PhD [http://www.aboriginalastronomy.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Fuller-Thesis.pdf thesis]</ref> ==Etymology and History== Wadhaagudjaaylwan is Byaame's third wife, who is in the Large Magellanic Cloud, and sings to women who are going to have babies. She "sings" the babies to the women on Earth, and she takes the persons that the Old Wiringin in the Small Magellanic Cloud..."

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----

Wadhaagudjaaylwan is Byaame's third wife<ref>Fuller, R. (2014) PhD [http://www.aboriginalastronomy.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Fuller-Thesis.pdf thesis]</ref>

==Etymology and History==
Wadhaagudjaaylwan is Byaame's third wife, who is in the Large Magellanic Cloud, and sings to women who are going to have babies. She "sings" the babies to the women on Earth, and she takes the persons that the Old Wiringin in the Small Magellanic Cloud sends to her, and sends them back to Earth as babies.<ref>Robert S. Fuller and Ghillar Michael Anderson in Stellarium; printed in appendix of Hoffmann and Wolfschmidt (eds.): ''Astronomy in Culture – Cultures of Astronomy.'' Featuring the Proceedings of the Splinter Meeting in the Annual Meeting of the German Astronomical Society, Sept. 14-16, 2021., Reihe: Nuncius Hamburgensis 57, tredition, Hamburg & OpenScienceTechnology Berlin (cBook)</ref>

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==

== Weblinks ==

*

== Reference ==
* [[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Australia_and_New_Zealand‏‎]][[Category:Australia]]
[[Category:Kamilaroi/ Euahlayi]] [[Category:Oceania]] [[Category:Phenomenon]] [[Category:Airy]]

Wamba Wamba

2026-06-22T06:22:25Z

ASEtech: Created page with "Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}} ---- "Wamba" means "crazy" or "mad". <ref>Fuller, R. (2014) PhD [http://www.aboriginalastronomy.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Fuller-Thesis.pdf thesis]</ref> ==Etymology and History== "Wamba" means "crazy" or "mad". In this case, the star Canopus is called Wamba Wamba because of various reasons, depending on whose story is told. The planet Venus is also called Wamba. One speculation is that both Canopus and Venus are seen close to the horiz..."

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----

"Wamba" means "crazy" or "mad". <ref>Fuller, R. (2014) PhD [http://www.aboriginalastronomy.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Fuller-Thesis.pdf thesis]</ref>

==Etymology and History==
"Wamba" means "crazy" or "mad". In this case, the star Canopus is called Wamba Wamba because of various reasons, depending on whose story is told. The planet Venus is also called Wamba. One speculation is that both Canopus and Venus are seen close to the horizon in the summer, and due to atmospheric defraction, can "scintillate" (twinkle srongly), which results in rapid changes in colour. This might be interpreted as madness.<ref>Robert S. Fuller and Ghillar Michael Anderson in Stellarium; printed in appendix of Hoffmann and Wolfschmidt (eds.): ''Astronomy in Culture – Cultures of Astronomy.'' Featuring the Proceedings of the Splinter Meeting in the Annual Meeting of the German Astronomical Society, Sept. 14-16, 2021., Reihe: Nuncius Hamburgensis 57, tredition, Hamburg & OpenScienceTechnology Berlin (cBook)</ref>

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==

== Weblinks ==

*

== Reference ==
* [[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Australia_and_New_Zealand‏‎]][[Category:Australia]]
[[Category:Kamilaroi/ Euahlayi]] [[Category:Oceania]] [[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Star Name]]
[[Category:Car]] [[Category:Solar System]] [[Category:Planet]] [[Category:Venus]]

Old Dthillar

2026-06-22T06:19:08Z

ASEtech: Created page with "Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}} ---- Old Dthillar is the star Aldebaran.<ref>Fuller, R. (2014) PhD [http://www.aboriginalastronomy.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Fuller-Thesis.pdf thesis]</ref> ==Etymology and History== Old Dthillar is a Wiringin, in this case the Wiringin of the Birray Birray, the unitiated boys in Orion who pine for the Miyaay Miyaay (Seven Sisters) in the Pleiades. Old Dthillar is the star Aldebaran, which is also Alpha Tauri, and he stands there to pro..."

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----

Old Dthillar is the star Aldebaran.<ref>Fuller, R. (2014) PhD [http://www.aboriginalastronomy.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Fuller-Thesis.pdf thesis]</ref>

==Etymology and History==
Old Dthillar is a Wiringin, in this case the Wiringin of the Birray Birray, the unitiated boys in Orion who pine for the Miyaay Miyaay (Seven Sisters) in the Pleiades. Old Dthillar is the star Aldebaran, which is also Alpha Tauri, and he stands there to protect the Miyaay Miyaay from the Birray Birray. The inverted "V" shape made up by Alpha, Epsilon, and Gamma Tauri is Old Dthillar's gunya (hut).<ref>Robert S. Fuller and Ghillar Michael Anderson in Stellarium; printed in appendix of Hoffmann and Wolfschmidt (eds.): ''Astronomy in Culture – Cultures of Astronomy.'' Featuring the Proceedings of the Splinter Meeting in the Annual Meeting of the German Astronomical Society, Sept. 14-16, 2021., Reihe: Nuncius Hamburgensis 57, tredition, Hamburg & OpenScienceTechnology Berlin (cBook)</ref>

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==

== Weblinks ==

*

== Reference ==
* [[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Australia_and_New_Zealand‏‎]][[Category:Australia]]
[[Category:Kamilaroi/ Euahlayi]] [[Category:Oceania]] [[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Star Name]]
[[Category:Tau]]

Miyay Miyay

2026-06-22T06:17:17Z

ASEtech: Created page with "Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}} ---- The Miyay Miyay are the seven young women (sisters) or the Pleiades.<ref>Fuller, R. (2014) PhD [http://www.aboriginalastronomy.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Fuller-Thesis.pdf thesis]</ref> ==Etymology and History== The Miyay Miyay are the seven young women (sisters) who were chased into the sky, depending on the story, by the Birray Birray, or by various Wiringins or other bad persons. They form the Pleiades star cluster, and as one si..."

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----

The Miyay Miyay are the seven young women (sisters) or the Pleiades.<ref>Fuller, R. (2014) PhD [http://www.aboriginalastronomy.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Fuller-Thesis.pdf thesis]</ref>

==Etymology and History==
The Miyay Miyay are the seven young women (sisters) who were chased into the sky, depending on the story, by the Birray Birray, or by various Wiringins or other bad persons. They form the Pleiades star cluster, and as one sister is shy, normally we only see six stars. They are protected from the Birray Birray in Orion by the Wiringin, Old Dthillar, who is Aldebaran.<ref>Robert S. Fuller and Ghillar Michael Anderson in Stellarium; printed in appendix of Hoffmann and Wolfschmidt (eds.): ''Astronomy in Culture – Cultures of Astronomy.'' Featuring the Proceedings of the Splinter Meeting in the Annual Meeting of the German Astronomical Society, Sept. 14-16, 2021., Reihe: Nuncius Hamburgensis 57, tredition, Hamburg & OpenScienceTechnology Berlin (cBook)</ref>

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==

== Weblinks ==

*

== Reference ==
* [[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Australia_and_New_Zealand‏‎]][[Category:Australia]]
[[Category:Kamilaroi/ Euahlayi]] [[Category:Oceania]] [[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]]
[[Category:Pleiades]] [[Category:Tau]]

Old Wiringin

2026-06-22T06:14:53Z

ASEtech: do we need to add Category:Magellanic Cloud? and being a part of Phenomenon-Airy.cat

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----

A Wiringin is a "Clever Man" or Aboriginal doctor. <ref>Fuller, R. (2014) PhD [http://www.aboriginalastronomy.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Fuller-Thesis.pdf thesis]</ref>

==Etymology and History==
This Wiringin located in the Small Magellanic Cloud is there because he controls who can go on to Bulimah. If the person who died is not initiated, they are not allowed, because they don't know the rules, so he sends them to Wadhaagudjaaylwan in the Large Magellanic Cloud. This birth spirit will send the uninitiated back to Earth as a new baby, so they can be initiated. This Wiringin is represented in every Aboriginal cemetery as the Wilga tree (Native Willow).<ref>Robert S. Fuller and Ghillar Michael Anderson in Stellarium; printed in appendix of Hoffmann and Wolfschmidt (eds.): ''Astronomy in Culture – Cultures of Astronomy.'' Featuring the Proceedings of the Splinter Meeting in the Annual Meeting of the German Astronomical Society, Sept. 14-16, 2021., Reihe: Nuncius Hamburgensis 57, tredition, Hamburg & OpenScienceTechnology Berlin (cBook)</ref>

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==

== Weblinks ==

*

== Reference ==
* [[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Australia_and_New_Zealand‏‎]][[Category:Australia]]
[[Category:Kamilaroi/ Euahlayi]] [[Category:Oceania]] [[Category:Phenomenon]] [[Category:Airy]]

Yarran

2026-06-22T06:07:36Z

ASEtech: /* Etymology and History */

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
[[File:Deep Crux wide field with fog.jpg|thumb|photo of Crux (CC BY Naskies)]]
Yarran, The Root, is an Australian name for the asterism of [[Crux]] from the Kamilaroi/ Euahlayi people.

==Etymology and History==
Yarran (also called mingga) is the roots of the Yarran tree, an Acacia, which is the tree that Byaame took up to the Warrambul with the first man to die (and the Cockatoos). It is actually centred on the Coal Sack, and the dark nebula is the hollow of the tree seen from below, with the roots spreading around. When someone dies and goes to Bulimah, they go through the hollow of the Yarran.

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==
The name was discussed and approved by the IAU WGSN in 2023.

As this star is already named ..., the WGSN chose ... (not to apply/ to apply the name to a neighbouring star/ to ...) in the IAU-CSN.

== Weblinks ==

*

== Reference ==
* [[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Asterism‏‎]]
[[Category:Star Name‏‎]] [[Category:Oceania]]
[[Category:Australia_and_New_Zealand‏‎]][[Category:Australia]]
[[Category:Kamilaroi/ Euahlayi]]
[[Category:Cru]]

Birringolo

2026-06-22T06:06:54Z

ASEtech: Created page with "Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}} ---- Birringoloo is the second wife of Byaame, the creator/culture hero.<ref>Fuller, R. (2014) PhD [http://www.aboriginalastronomy.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Fuller-Thesis.pdf thesis]</ref> ==Etymology and History== The Euahlayi and the Kamilaroi see Birringoloo sits by the campfire of Byaame's camp (the star Alpha Muscae), and all women with girl children who die come to this camp before going on to Bulimah (Heaven behind Warrambul). Th..."

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----

Birringoloo is the second wife of Byaame, the creator/culture hero.<ref>Fuller, R. (2014) PhD [http://www.aboriginalastronomy.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Fuller-Thesis.pdf thesis]</ref>

==Etymology and History==
The Euahlayi and the Kamilaroi see Birringoloo sits by the campfire of Byaame's camp (the star Alpha Muscae), and all women with girl children who die come to this camp before going on to Bulimah (Heaven behind Warrambul). They wait at this camp until all their girl children have died and come to the camp, and then they can proceed to Bulimah.<ref>Robert S. Fuller and Ghillar Michael Anderson in Stellarium; printed in appendix of Hoffmann and Wolfschmidt (eds.): ''Astronomy in Culture – Cultures of Astronomy.'' Featuring the Proceedings of the Splinter Meeting in the Annual Meeting of the German Astronomical Society, Sept. 14-16, 2021., Reihe: Nuncius Hamburgensis 57, tredition, Hamburg & OpenScienceTechnology Berlin (cBook)</ref>

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==

== Weblinks ==

*

== Reference ==
* [[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Australia_and_New_Zealand‏‎]][[Category:Australia]]
[[Category:Kamilaroi/ Euahlayi]] [[Category:Asterism]]
[[Category:Constellation]] [[Category:Car]]

Kamilaroi and Euahlayi (Asterism Names)

2026-06-22T06:05:00Z

ASEtech: /* Here is an overview on Kamilaroi and Euahlayi asterism names */

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
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The Kamilaroi (also known as Gomeroi) and Euahlayi peoples are Australian Aboriginal cultural groups located in the northern part of New South Wales. They have survived European invasion and loss of much of their country. Their culture and connection to country remains strong, including an extensive cultural astronomy first recorded in the 1860s.<ref>Fuller, Robert S. and Anderson, Ghillar Michael (online). Kamilaroi sky culture in Stellarium, <nowiki>https://github.com/stellarium/stellarium</nowiki> , printed in Hoffmann and Wolfschmidt (eds., 2022), Astronomy in Culture --Cultures of Astronomy. Astronomie in der Kultur--Kulturen der Astronomie.: Featuring the Proceedings of the Splinter Meeting at the Annual Conference of the Astronomische Gesselschafb Sept. 14-16, 2021, tredition, Ahrensburg (Germany): 676-679.</ref>

== Solar System Names ==
{| class="wikitable"
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!Kamilaroi and Euahlayi
!English
!Commentary
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|Sun
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|Mercury
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|Venus
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|Mars
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|Jupiter
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|Saturn
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== <small>Here is an overview on Kamilaroi and Euahlayi asterism names</small> ==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Kamilaroi and Euahlayi !! Etymological Meaning, when possible !! Commentary
|-
|[[Bandaarr]]
|Kangaroo
|under the belly of the Emu in the Milky Way
|-
|[[Birray|Birray Birray]]
|Uninitiated boys
|belt of Orion
|-
|Birringolo
|second wife of Byaame
|near Alpha Muscae
|-
|[[Gawaargay]]
|Emu
|head in the Coal Sack, and its neck and body stretching out through the dust lanes of the Milky Way (Warrambul) past Scorpius
|-
|Miyay Miyay
|seven young women (sisters)
|Pleiades
|-
|Muraay Muyaay
|Sulfur-crested cockatoo
|Alpha Centauri and Hadar/Beta Centauri
|-
|Old Dthillar
|
|Aldebaran
The inverted "V" shape made up by Alpha, Epsilon, and Gamma Tauri is Old Dthillar's gunya (hut).
|-
|Old Wiringin
|Clever Man
|Small Magellanic Cloud
|-
|Wadhaagudjaaylwan
|
|Large Magellanic Cloud
|-
|Wamba Wamba
|Madness
|Canopus
|-
|Warrawilbaarru
|whirlwind spirit
|Scorpius
|-
|[[Yarran]]
|Roots of Yarran tree
|centred on the Coal Sack
|}
== References ==

* [[References]] (general)

[[Category:Oceania]] [[Category:Australia and New Zealand]][[Category:Australia]] [[Category:Kamilaroi/ Euahlayi]]
[[Category:Overviews]]
[[Category:Service]]

Gawaargay

2026-06-22T06:01:07Z

ASEtech:

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----

Gawaargay is the spirit Emu in the Sky, located with its head in the Coal Sack, and its neck and body stretching out through the dust lanes of the Milky Way (Warrambul) past Scorpius.<ref>Fuller, R. (2014) PhD [http://www.aboriginalastronomy.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Fuller-Thesis.pdf thesis]</ref>

==Etymology and History==
The Euahlayi and the Kamilaroi see it with legs in April and May, when it is female and chasing the males. From June to August it is male and sitting on its nest without legs (the males brood the chicks), and this is a signal to collect the eggs. In the evening in late August it is vertical in the sky, and the head and body form two "eggs", meaning the eggs should not be collected. Later in the year, it appears on the horizon, so it is believed to be sitting in a waterhole, meaning the waterholes are full. When it is below the horizon, then it is on Earth as the Black Emu, which is rarely seen.<ref>Robert S. Fuller and Ghillar Michael Anderson in Stellarium; printed in appendix of Hoffmann and Wolfschmidt (eds.): ''Astronomy in Culture – Cultures of Astronomy.'' Featuring the Proceedings of the Splinter Meeting in the Annual Meeting of the German Astronomical Society, Sept. 14-16, 2021., Reihe: Nuncius Hamburgensis 57, tredition, Hamburg & OpenScienceTechnology Berlin (cBook)</ref>

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==

== Weblinks ==

*

== Reference ==
* [[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Australia_and_New_Zealand‏‎]][[Category:Australia]]
[[Category:Kamilaroi/ Euahlayi]] [[Category:Oceania]] [[Category:Phenomenon]] [[Category:Airy]]
[[Category:Dark Constellation]] [[Category:Sco]]

Bandaarr

2026-06-22T05:49:52Z

ASEtech:

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
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[[File:Bandaarr Stellarium Capture2.JPG|thumb|Bandaarr, the Kangaroo, in Stellarium 2025 for the Kamilaroi Sky Culture. The star marked is zeta Aps, the star in the middle of the body is alf Tel.]]
Bandaarr, the kangaroo, is an Australian name for an asterism in the area of [[Telescopium]], [[Apus]], and [[Ara]] (the area south of the tail of [[Scorpius]]) from the Kamilaroi/ Euahlayi people.

==Etymology and History==
[[File:Bandaarr Stellarium Capture.JPG|thumb|Bandaarr as drawn in the Kamilaroi Sky Culture of Stellarium by Robert S. Fuller and Ghillar Michael Anderson ]]
Bandaarr is Kamilaroi/Euahlayi for Kangaroo, and this kangaroo is located under the belly of the Emu in the Milky Way, looking away from the Emu. Bandaarr is either a grey or red kangaroo, depending on the culture, and has significance in ceremony.<ref>Robert S. Fuller and Ghillar Michael Anderson in Stellarium; printed in appendix of Hoffmann and Wolfschmidt (eds.): ''Astronomy in Culture – Cultures of Astronomy.'' Featuring the Proceedings of the Splinter Meeting in the Annual Meeting of the German Astronomical Society, Sept. 14-16, 2021., Reihe: Nuncius Hamburgensis 57, tredition, Hamburg & OpenScienceTechnology Berlin (cBook)</ref> The belly of the Emu is formed by dark clouds in the Milky Way, and "under" it, where the legs of the emu would be, is the area of the constellations mentioned above.

Fuller (2014)<ref>Fuller, R. (2014) PhD thesis (http://www.aboriginalastronomy.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Fuller-Thesis.pdf) </ref> discusses etymology but does not identify any particular stars or groups of stars, and we can find no source online that identifies the stars.

In Stellarium it appears to be floating in Apus, Telescopium, and Ara, and the star ζ Aps is highlighted, but the reason is unclear.

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==
The name was discussed and approved by the IAU WGSN in 2023. We suggest to name the star alf Tel with this name, as it is one of the unnamed main stars of an IAU-constellation, which is an early modern invention without classical background or mythology. Connecting the instrument to an Indigenous constellation would return it to the original significance of constellations (orientation in nature).

WGSN chose ... (not to apply/ to apply the name to a neighbouring star/ to ...) in the IAU-CSN.

== Weblinks ==

*

== Reference ==
* [[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Asterism‏‎]]
[[Category:Star Name‏‎]]
[[Category:Australia_and_New_Zealand‏‎]] [[Category:Australia]]
[[Category:Kamilaroi/ Euahlayi]] [[Category:Oceania]] [[Category:Aps]] [[Category:Ara]] [[Category:Tel]]

Gawaargay

2026-06-22T05:49:12Z

ASEtech: Created page with "Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}} ---- Gawaargay is the spirit Emu in the Sky, located with its head in the Coal Sack, and its neck and body stretching out through the dust lanes of the Milky Way (Warrambul) past Scorpius.<ref>Fuller, R. (2014) PhD [http://www.aboriginalastronomy.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Fuller-Thesis.pdf thesis]</ref> ==Etymology and History== Variants * The Euahlayi and the Kamilaroi see it with legs in April and May, when it is female and chasin..."

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----

Gawaargay is the spirit Emu in the Sky, located with its head in the Coal Sack, and its neck and body stretching out through the dust lanes of the Milky Way (Warrambul) past Scorpius.<ref>Fuller, R. (2014) PhD [http://www.aboriginalastronomy.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Fuller-Thesis.pdf thesis]</ref>

==Etymology and History==
Variants
*

The Euahlayi and the Kamilaroi see it with legs in April and May, when it is female and chasing the males. From June to August it is male and sitting on its nest without legs (the males brood the chicks), and this is a signal to collect the eggs. In the evening in late August it is vertical in the sky, and the head and body form two "eggs", meaning the eggs should not be collected. Later in the year, it appears on the horizon, so it is believed to be sitting in a waterhole, meaning the waterholes are full. When it is below the horizon, then it is on Earth as the Black Emu, which is rarely seen.<ref>Robert S. Fuller and Ghillar Michael Anderson in Stellarium; printed in appendix of Hoffmann and Wolfschmidt (eds.): ''Astronomy in Culture – Cultures of Astronomy.'' Featuring the Proceedings of the Splinter Meeting in the Annual Meeting of the German Astronomical Society, Sept. 14-16, 2021., Reihe: Nuncius Hamburgensis 57, tredition, Hamburg & OpenScienceTechnology Berlin (cBook)</ref>

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==

== Weblinks ==

*

== Reference ==
* [[References|References (general)]]

[[Category:Australia_and_New_Zealand‏‎]][[Category:Australia]]
[[Category:Kamilaroi/ Euahlayi]] [[Category:Oceania]] [[Category:Phenomenon]] [[Category:Airy]]
[[Category:Dark Constellation]] [[Category:Sco]]