https://ase.exopla.net/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=Boshunyang 2026-04-14T06:12:00Z User contributions MediaWiki 1.45.1 https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Genghe&diff=40895 2026-04-04T08:48:00Z

<p>Boshunyang: /* Maps (Gallery) */</p> <hr /> <div>Authors:<br /> {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----Gěnghé (Celestial Lance, 梗河), is a Chinese constellation Consists of 3 stars north of the Dajiao (Great Horn, 大角, α Boo).<br /> <br /> == Concordance, Etymology, History ==<br /> It may be because the three stars lie almost along a single straight line that '''Genghe''' was regarded as the long spear or lance, located north of the Dizuo('''Imperial Seat, 帝座/帝席)''' of '''Dajiao (Great Horn, 大角)'''. It was said to govern the emperor’s military edge (or martial authority), and also to preside over foreign (Hu) troops and matters of mourning.<br /> <br /> === Identification of stars ===<br /> The identification of Genghe is very consistent, corresponding to the three stars ε, σ, and ρ in the constellation Bootes.<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Star Names or Orders(Traditional/Qing)<br /> !Ho PENG YOKE&lt;ref&gt;P.-Y. Ho, “Ancient And Mediaeval Observations of Comets and Novae in Chinese Sources,” ''Vistas in Astronomy'', 5(1962), 127-225.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> !Yi Shitong&lt;ref&gt;Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Based on catalogue in 18th century<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p443.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty<br /> !SUN X. &amp; J. Kistemaker&lt;ref&gt;Sun Xiaochun. &amp; Kistemaker J. ''The Chinese sky during the Han''. Leiden: Brill. 1997, Pp241-6.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Han Dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> before Tang dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> Song Jingyou(1034)<br /> |-<br /> |1st/determinative<br /> |ε Boo<br /> |ε Boo<br /> |ε Boo<br /> |ε Boo<br /> |ε Boo<br /> |ε Boo<br /> |ε Boo<br /> |-<br /> |2nd<br /> |σ Boo<br /> |σ Boo<br /> |σ Boo<br /> |σ Boo<br /> |σ Boo<br /> |σ Boo<br /> |σ Boo<br /> |-<br /> |3rd<br /> |ρ Boo<br /> |ρ Boo<br /> |ρ Boo<br /> |ρ Boo<br /> |ρ Boo<br /> |ρ Boo<br /> |ρ Boo<br /> |}<br /> In the Huangyou (皇祐) Star Catalog of the Northern Song Dynasty (1052), the determinative star for Genghe is the southeast star ε Boo. However, in the earlier Shishi (石氏) Star Catalog and Jingyou (景祐) Star Catalog (1034), it is the northwest star ρ Boo.<br /> <br /> === Maps (Gallery) ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !historical map<br /> !modern identification<br /> (Yang 2023)<br /> !same in Stellarium 24.4<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Genghe, Dizuo and Dajiao before Tang dynasty in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.jpg|thumb|'''Genghe, Dizuo and Dajiao before Tang dynasty in ''Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido''''']]<br /> |[[File:Genghe, Dizuo and Dajiao before Tang dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang.png|thumb|Genghe, Dizuo and Dajiao before Tang dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang]]<br /> |[[File:Genghe, Dizuo and Dajiao before Tang dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang in stellarium.png|thumb|Genghe, Dizuo and Dajiao before Tang dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang in Stellarium]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> [[References (Chinese)]]</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=File:Genghe,_Dizuo_and_Dajiao_before_Tang_dynasty_reconstructed_by_Boshun_Yang_in_stellarium.png&diff=40894 2026-04-04T08:46:54Z

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Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=File:Genghe,_Dizuo_and_Dajiao_before_Tang_dynasty_reconstructed_by_Boshun_Yang.png&diff=40893 2026-04-04T08:46:41Z

<p>Boshunyang: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> == Licensing ==<br /> {{cc-by-4.0}}</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=File:Genghe,_Dizuo_and_Dajiao_before_Tang_dynasty_in_Cheonsang_Yeolcha_Bunyajido.jpg&diff=40891 2026-04-04T08:43:58Z

<p>Boshunyang: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> == Licensing ==<br /> {{PD-old}}</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Genghe&diff=40890 2026-04-04T08:43:40Z

<p>Boshunyang: </p> <hr /> <div>Authors:<br /> {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----Gěnghé (Celestial Lance, 梗河), is a Chinese constellation Consists of 3 stars north of the Dajiao (Great Horn, 大角, α Boo).<br /> <br /> == Concordance, Etymology, History ==<br /> It may be because the three stars lie almost along a single straight line that '''Genghe''' was regarded as the long spear or lance, located north of the Dizuo('''Imperial Seat, 帝座/帝席)''' of '''Dajiao (Great Horn, 大角)'''. It was said to govern the emperor’s military edge (or martial authority), and also to preside over foreign (Hu) troops and matters of mourning.<br /> <br /> === Identification of stars ===<br /> The identification of Genghe is very consistent, corresponding to the three stars ε, σ, and ρ in the constellation Bootes.<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Star Names or Orders(Traditional/Qing)<br /> !Ho PENG YOKE&lt;ref&gt;P.-Y. Ho, “Ancient And Mediaeval Observations of Comets and Novae in Chinese Sources,” ''Vistas in Astronomy'', 5(1962), 127-225.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> !Yi Shitong&lt;ref&gt;Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Based on catalogue in 18th century<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p443.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty<br /> !SUN X. &amp; J. Kistemaker&lt;ref&gt;Sun Xiaochun. &amp; Kistemaker J. ''The Chinese sky during the Han''. Leiden: Brill. 1997, Pp241-6.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Han Dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> before Tang dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> Song Jingyou(1034)<br /> |-<br /> |1st/determinative<br /> |ε Boo<br /> |ε Boo<br /> |ε Boo<br /> |ε Boo<br /> |ε Boo<br /> |ε Boo<br /> |ε Boo<br /> |-<br /> |2nd<br /> |σ Boo<br /> |σ Boo<br /> |σ Boo<br /> |σ Boo<br /> |σ Boo<br /> |σ Boo<br /> |σ Boo<br /> |-<br /> |3rd<br /> |ρ Boo<br /> |ρ Boo<br /> |ρ Boo<br /> |ρ Boo<br /> |ρ Boo<br /> |ρ Boo<br /> |ρ Boo<br /> |}<br /> In the Huangyou (皇祐) Star Catalog of the Northern Song Dynasty (1052), the determinative star for Genghe is the southeast star ε Boo. However, in the earlier Shishi (石氏) Star Catalog and Jingyou (景祐) Star Catalog (1034), it is the northwest star ρ Boo.<br /> <br /> === Maps (Gallery) ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !historical map<br /> !modern identification<br /> (Yang 2023)<br /> !same in Stellarium 24.4<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |}<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> [[References (Chinese)]]</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Genghe&diff=40889 2026-04-04T08:26:08Z

<p>Boshunyang: /* Concordance, Etymology, History */</p> <hr /> <div>Authors:<br /> {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----Gěnghé (Celestial Lance, 梗河), is a Chinese constellation Consists of 3 stars north of the Dajiao (Great Horn, 大角, α Boo).<br /> <br /> == Concordance, Etymology, History ==<br /> It may be because the three stars lie almost along a single straight line that '''Genghe (梗河)''' was regarded as the long spear or lance, located north of the imperial seat at '''Dajiao (大角)'''. It was said to govern the emperor’s military edge (or martial authority), and also to preside over foreign (Hu) troops and matters of mourning.<br /> <br /> === Identification of stars ===<br /> The identification of Genghe is very consistent, corresponding to the three stars ε, σ, and ρ in the constellation Bootes.<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Star Names or Orders(Traditional/Qing)<br /> !Ho PENG YOKE&lt;ref&gt;P.-Y. Ho, “Ancient And Mediaeval Observations of Comets and Novae in Chinese Sources,” ''Vistas in Astronomy'', 5(1962), 127-225.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> !Yi Shitong&lt;ref&gt;Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Based on catalogue in 18th century<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p443.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty<br /> !SUN X. &amp; J. Kistemaker&lt;ref&gt;Sun Xiaochun. &amp; Kistemaker J. ''The Chinese sky during the Han''. Leiden: Brill. 1997, Pp241-6.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Han Dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> before Tang dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> Song Jingyou(1034)<br /> |-<br /> |1st/determinative<br /> |ε Boo<br /> |ε Boo<br /> |ε Boo<br /> |ε Boo<br /> |ε Boo<br /> |ε Boo<br /> |ε Boo<br /> |-<br /> |2nd<br /> |σ Boo<br /> |σ Boo<br /> |σ Boo<br /> |σ Boo<br /> |σ Boo<br /> |σ Boo<br /> |σ Boo<br /> |-<br /> |3rd<br /> |ρ Boo<br /> |ρ Boo<br /> |ρ Boo<br /> |ρ Boo<br /> |ρ Boo<br /> |ρ Boo<br /> |ρ Boo<br /> |}<br /> In the Huangyou (皇祐) Star Catalog of the Northern Song Dynasty (1052), the determinative star for Genghe is the southeast star ε Boo. However, in the earlier Shishi (石氏) Star Catalog and Jingyou (景祐) Star Catalog (1034), it is the northwest star ρ Boo.<br /> <br /> === Maps (Gallery) ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !historical map<br /> !modern identification<br /> (Yang 2023)<br /> !same in Stellarium 24.4<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |}<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> [[References (Chinese)]]</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Guqi&diff=39635 2026-03-06T09:12:21Z

<p>Boshunyang: /* IAU Working Group on Star Names */</p> <hr /> <div>{{DISPLAYTITLE: Guqi (鼓旗)}}<br /> Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----<br /> <br /> Gǔ Qí (Drum Flag, 鼓旗) is a Chinese asterism consisting of nine stars located in the modern constellation ''[[Aquila]]''. It originated no later than about 100 BCE and lies to the right of ''Hé Gǔ'' (Drum at the River, 河鼓).<br /> == Concordance, Etymology, History ==<br /> Drums and Flags were instruments used by ancient armies to transmit signals and direct combat. The ''Sunzi bingfa'' (''Art of War'', 孫子兵法) states:&lt;blockquote&gt;“The ''Military Regulations'' says: ‘If speech cannot be heard, use (metal) gongs and drums; if sight cannot reach, use banners and flags.’ Gongs and drums, banners and flags, are the means by which people’s eyes and ears are unified. When the troops are unified, the brave cannot advance alone and the timid cannot retreat alone—this is the method of employing the masses. Therefore, night battles rely on gongs and drums, and day battles on banners and flags, thereby transforming the soldiers’ senses.”[[File:Shang-dynasty bronze drum with divine-figure motif, in the collection of the Sen-oku Hakukokan Museum, Japan.jpg|thumb|'''Fig 1. Shang-dynasty bronze drum with divine-figure motif, in the collection of the Sen-oku Hakukokan Museum, Japan''']][[File:Mural from Tomb No. 1 at Beiyuan, Liaoyang, Liaoning Province (3rd century).jpg|thumb|'''Fig 2. Mural from Tomb No. 1 at Beiyuan, Liaoyang, Liaoning Province (3rd century)''']][[File:Line drawing of the Mural from Tomb No. 1 at Beiyuan, Liaoyang, Liaoning Province (3rd century), exhibited in the Liaoyang Museum.jpg|thumb|'''Fig 3. Line drawing of the Mural from Tomb No. 1 at Beiyuan, Liaoyang, Liaoning Province (3rd century), exhibited in the Liaoyang Museum.''' The flags are above Tower Pavilion.]]&lt;/blockquote&gt;In the name He-Gu, ''Gu'' refers to the great war drum, while ''He'' denotes the Heavenly River (the Milky Way), indicating its position besides the Milky Way. The drum was not merely a musical instrument but a military command device and a means of encouraging morale: drums signaled attack, whereas metal gongs signaled withdrawal or defensive formation. Archaeological proof indicates that drums had already existed at least by the Shang Dynasty (Fig. 1).<br /> <br /> In Sima Qian(145 or 135 BCE - ?)’s ''Tianguan shu'' (''Book of Heaven Officials'', 天官書), only ''Hegu'' is mentioned and not the Flag, suggesting that the latter was added later. The name ''Gu-Qi'' implies a close association with ''Hegu'', and the Shi school treated the two as a related group of asterisms. However, ''Guqi'' was renamed ''Youqi'' (Right Flag, 右旗) in later times to maintain symmetry since the Gan school introduced the asterism ''Zuoqi'' (Left Flag, 左旗).<br /> <br /> Ancient banners differed significantly from modern ones and were divided into multiple categories. In the pre-Qin (before 220 BCE) period, nine types were distinguished. The ''Zhōu lǐ'' (''Rites of Zhou'', 周禮) describes a system of nine banners (''jiǔ qí''):<br /> <br /> (1) ''Cháng''常 (bearing the sun and moon),<br /> <br /> (2) ''Qí''旂 (with intertwined dragons),<br /> <br /> (3) ''Zhān''旜 (plain silk banner),<br /> <br /> (4) ''Wù''物 (variegated silk),<br /> <br /> (5) ''Qí''旗 (with bears and tigers),<br /> <br /> (6) ''Yú''旟 (with birds),<br /> <br /> (7) ''Zhào''旐 (with tortoise and serpent),<br /> <br /> (8) ''Suì'' 旞 (with full feathers),<br /> <br /> (9) ''Jīng'' (with split feathers)  <br /> <br /> The Han dynasty(202 BCE - 220 CE) system may have differed somewhat. Structurally, the “''Qí''旗” consisted of a pole (''gān''竿), the main cloth panel (''shān''縿), a long streamer (''yóu''斿) attached at the top , and a serrated fringe along the side edge. &lt;ref&gt;Sun Ji孙机. Handai wuzhi wenhua ziliao tushuo（xiuding ben）汉代物质文化资料图说（修订本）. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju. 2020. Pp. 187-191.&lt;/ref&gt; A mural in the Beiyuan Han tomb at Liaoyang, Liaoning, depicts such flags mounted atop a tower pavilion (Fig 2 and Fig 3).<br /> <br /> === Identification of stars ===<br /> In contrast to the bright and stable asterism Hegu, whose identification never changed, ''Guqi (Drum Flag)or Youqi'' (Right Flag) underwent several revisions. Nevertheless, it consistently included δ Aquilae as its most bright star and sometimes the determinative star.<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Star Names or Orders(Qing)<br /> !Ho PENG YOKE&lt;ref&gt;P.-Y. Ho, “Ancient And Mediaeval Observations of Comets and Novae in Chinese Sources,” ''Vistas in Astronomy'', 5(1962), 127-225.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> !Yi Shitong&lt;ref&gt;Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56-57.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Based on catalogue in 18th century<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p220-226.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p435-443.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty<br /> !SUN X. &amp; J. Kistemaker&lt;ref&gt;Sun Xiaochun. &amp; Kistemaker J. ''The Chinese sky during the Han''. Leiden: Brill. 1997, Pp241-6.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Han Dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> before Tang Dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang<br /> Tang Dynasty(8th century)<br /> !'''Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;'''<br /> Song Huangyou(1052)<br /> |-<br /> | 1st<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | mu Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | mu Aql (determinative)<br /> | mu Aql(determinative)<br /> | mu Aql<br /> |del Aql(determinative)<br /> |-<br /> | 2nd<br /> | mu Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> |mu Aql<br /> |-<br /> | 3rd<br /> | del Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | upsilon Aql<br /> | mu Aql<br /> | 22 Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> |sigma Aql<br /> |-<br /> |4th<br /> | nu Aql<br /> | nu Aql<br /> | mu Aql<br /> | 22 Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | nu Aql<br /> | 23 Aql<br /> |23 Aql<br /> |-<br /> |5th<br /> |HIP 95886<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |22 Aql<br /> |21 Aql<br /> |21 Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |nu Aql<br /> |nu Aql<br /> |-<br /> |6th<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |HIP 96392<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |nu Aql<br /> |23 Aql<br /> |eta Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |45 Aql<br /> |-<br /> |7th<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |nu Aql<br /> |theta Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |-<br /> |8th<br /> |kappa Aql<br /> |kappa Aql<br /> |26 Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |69 Aql<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |-<br /> |9th<br /> |57 Aql<br /> |56 Aql<br /> |kappa Aql<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |Hip 101345<br /> |kappa Aql<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Maps (Gallery) ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !historical map<br /> !modern identification<br /> !same in Stellarium<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.jpg|thumb|'''Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in ''Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido''''']]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi before Tang Dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang（2023）.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi before Tang Dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang（2023）]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi before Tang Dynasty in Stellarium.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi before Tang Dynasty in Stellarium]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Gezi yuejin tu.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in ''Gezi yuejin tu'']]<br /> |<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Tang Dynasty(8th Century) in Stellarium reconstructed by Boshun Yang.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Tang Dynasty(8th Century) in Stellarium reconstructed by Boshun Yang]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Xin yixiang fayao.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in ''Xin yixiang fayao'' Star Map]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai（2009）.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai（2009）]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Pan Nai.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Pan Nai]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Suzhou Star Map.jpg|thumb|'''Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Suzhou Star Map''']]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Boshun Yang.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Boshun Yang]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Yixiang kaocheng Star Map (18th century).jpeg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in ''Yixiang kaocheng'' Star Map (18th century)]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in 18th century reconstructed by YI Shitong（1981）.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in 18th century reconstructed by YI Shitong（1981）]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in 18th century in Stellarium.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in 18th century in Stellarium]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> == IAU Working Group on Star Names ==<br /> In 2026, the name of the historical constellation Gǔ Qí (Drum Flag, 鼓旗), which is also called ''Youqi'' (Right Flag, 右旗), was suggested to be used for one of the stars in this constellation. Guqi ''(Drum Flag)or Youqi'' (Right Flag) underwent several revisions, nevertheless, it consistently included delta Aquilae as its most bright star and sometimes the determinative star (There is an observed coordinate from 1052CE, in the middle picture of row 4 in the gallary above). So it is the best star for this constellation. If not available, mu Aquilae could be an alternative.<br /> <br /> Decision: ... <br /> <br /> ==References ==<br /> [[References (Chinese)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[Category:Asterism ]]<br /> [[Category:Constellation ]]<br /> [[Category:Eurasia]]<br /> [[Category:East Asian]]<br /> [[Category:Chinese ]]</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Guqi&diff=39634 2026-03-06T09:12:07Z

<p>Boshunyang: /* IAU Working Group on Star Names */</p> <hr /> <div>{{DISPLAYTITLE: Guqi (鼓旗)}}<br /> Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----<br /> <br /> Gǔ Qí (Drum Flag, 鼓旗) is a Chinese asterism consisting of nine stars located in the modern constellation ''[[Aquila]]''. It originated no later than about 100 BCE and lies to the right of ''Hé Gǔ'' (Drum at the River, 河鼓).<br /> == Concordance, Etymology, History ==<br /> Drums and Flags were instruments used by ancient armies to transmit signals and direct combat. The ''Sunzi bingfa'' (''Art of War'', 孫子兵法) states:&lt;blockquote&gt;“The ''Military Regulations'' says: ‘If speech cannot be heard, use (metal) gongs and drums; if sight cannot reach, use banners and flags.’ Gongs and drums, banners and flags, are the means by which people’s eyes and ears are unified. When the troops are unified, the brave cannot advance alone and the timid cannot retreat alone—this is the method of employing the masses. Therefore, night battles rely on gongs and drums, and day battles on banners and flags, thereby transforming the soldiers’ senses.”[[File:Shang-dynasty bronze drum with divine-figure motif, in the collection of the Sen-oku Hakukokan Museum, Japan.jpg|thumb|'''Fig 1. Shang-dynasty bronze drum with divine-figure motif, in the collection of the Sen-oku Hakukokan Museum, Japan''']][[File:Mural from Tomb No. 1 at Beiyuan, Liaoyang, Liaoning Province (3rd century).jpg|thumb|'''Fig 2. Mural from Tomb No. 1 at Beiyuan, Liaoyang, Liaoning Province (3rd century)''']][[File:Line drawing of the Mural from Tomb No. 1 at Beiyuan, Liaoyang, Liaoning Province (3rd century), exhibited in the Liaoyang Museum.jpg|thumb|'''Fig 3. Line drawing of the Mural from Tomb No. 1 at Beiyuan, Liaoyang, Liaoning Province (3rd century), exhibited in the Liaoyang Museum.''' The flags are above Tower Pavilion.]]&lt;/blockquote&gt;In the name He-Gu, ''Gu'' refers to the great war drum, while ''He'' denotes the Heavenly River (the Milky Way), indicating its position besides the Milky Way. The drum was not merely a musical instrument but a military command device and a means of encouraging morale: drums signaled attack, whereas metal gongs signaled withdrawal or defensive formation. Archaeological proof indicates that drums had already existed at least by the Shang Dynasty (Fig. 1).<br /> <br /> In Sima Qian(145 or 135 BCE - ?)’s ''Tianguan shu'' (''Book of Heaven Officials'', 天官書), only ''Hegu'' is mentioned and not the Flag, suggesting that the latter was added later. The name ''Gu-Qi'' implies a close association with ''Hegu'', and the Shi school treated the two as a related group of asterisms. However, ''Guqi'' was renamed ''Youqi'' (Right Flag, 右旗) in later times to maintain symmetry since the Gan school introduced the asterism ''Zuoqi'' (Left Flag, 左旗).<br /> <br /> Ancient banners differed significantly from modern ones and were divided into multiple categories. In the pre-Qin (before 220 BCE) period, nine types were distinguished. The ''Zhōu lǐ'' (''Rites of Zhou'', 周禮) describes a system of nine banners (''jiǔ qí''):<br /> <br /> (1) ''Cháng''常 (bearing the sun and moon),<br /> <br /> (2) ''Qí''旂 (with intertwined dragons),<br /> <br /> (3) ''Zhān''旜 (plain silk banner),<br /> <br /> (4) ''Wù''物 (variegated silk),<br /> <br /> (5) ''Qí''旗 (with bears and tigers),<br /> <br /> (6) ''Yú''旟 (with birds),<br /> <br /> (7) ''Zhào''旐 (with tortoise and serpent),<br /> <br /> (8) ''Suì'' 旞 (with full feathers),<br /> <br /> (9) ''Jīng'' (with split feathers)  <br /> <br /> The Han dynasty(202 BCE - 220 CE) system may have differed somewhat. Structurally, the “''Qí''旗” consisted of a pole (''gān''竿), the main cloth panel (''shān''縿), a long streamer (''yóu''斿) attached at the top , and a serrated fringe along the side edge. &lt;ref&gt;Sun Ji孙机. Handai wuzhi wenhua ziliao tushuo（xiuding ben）汉代物质文化资料图说（修订本）. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju. 2020. Pp. 187-191.&lt;/ref&gt; A mural in the Beiyuan Han tomb at Liaoyang, Liaoning, depicts such flags mounted atop a tower pavilion (Fig 2 and Fig 3).<br /> <br /> === Identification of stars ===<br /> In contrast to the bright and stable asterism Hegu, whose identification never changed, ''Guqi (Drum Flag)or Youqi'' (Right Flag) underwent several revisions. Nevertheless, it consistently included δ Aquilae as its most bright star and sometimes the determinative star.<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Star Names or Orders(Qing)<br /> !Ho PENG YOKE&lt;ref&gt;P.-Y. Ho, “Ancient And Mediaeval Observations of Comets and Novae in Chinese Sources,” ''Vistas in Astronomy'', 5(1962), 127-225.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> !Yi Shitong&lt;ref&gt;Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56-57.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Based on catalogue in 18th century<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p220-226.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p435-443.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty<br /> !SUN X. &amp; J. Kistemaker&lt;ref&gt;Sun Xiaochun. &amp; Kistemaker J. ''The Chinese sky during the Han''. Leiden: Brill. 1997, Pp241-6.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Han Dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> before Tang Dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang<br /> Tang Dynasty(8th century)<br /> !'''Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;'''<br /> Song Huangyou(1052)<br /> |-<br /> | 1st<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | mu Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | mu Aql (determinative)<br /> | mu Aql(determinative)<br /> | mu Aql<br /> |del Aql(determinative)<br /> |-<br /> | 2nd<br /> | mu Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> |mu Aql<br /> |-<br /> | 3rd<br /> | del Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | upsilon Aql<br /> | mu Aql<br /> | 22 Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> |sigma Aql<br /> |-<br /> |4th<br /> | nu Aql<br /> | nu Aql<br /> | mu Aql<br /> | 22 Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | nu Aql<br /> | 23 Aql<br /> |23 Aql<br /> |-<br /> |5th<br /> |HIP 95886<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |22 Aql<br /> |21 Aql<br /> |21 Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |nu Aql<br /> |nu Aql<br /> |-<br /> |6th<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |HIP 96392<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |nu Aql<br /> |23 Aql<br /> |eta Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |45 Aql<br /> |-<br /> |7th<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |nu Aql<br /> |theta Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |-<br /> |8th<br /> |kappa Aql<br /> |kappa Aql<br /> |26 Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |69 Aql<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |-<br /> |9th<br /> |57 Aql<br /> |56 Aql<br /> |kappa Aql<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |Hip 101345<br /> |kappa Aql<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Maps (Gallery) ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !historical map<br /> !modern identification<br /> !same in Stellarium<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.jpg|thumb|'''Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in ''Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido''''']]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi before Tang Dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang（2023）.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi before Tang Dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang（2023）]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi before Tang Dynasty in Stellarium.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi before Tang Dynasty in Stellarium]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Gezi yuejin tu.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in ''Gezi yuejin tu'']]<br /> |<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Tang Dynasty(8th Century) in Stellarium reconstructed by Boshun Yang.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Tang Dynasty(8th Century) in Stellarium reconstructed by Boshun Yang]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Xin yixiang fayao.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in ''Xin yixiang fayao'' Star Map]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai（2009）.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai（2009）]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Pan Nai.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Pan Nai]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Suzhou Star Map.jpg|thumb|'''Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Suzhou Star Map''']]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Boshun Yang.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Boshun Yang]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Yixiang kaocheng Star Map (18th century).jpeg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in ''Yixiang kaocheng'' Star Map (18th century)]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in 18th century reconstructed by YI Shitong（1981）.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in 18th century reconstructed by YI Shitong（1981）]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in 18th century in Stellarium.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in 18th century in Stellarium]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> == IAU Working Group on Star Names ==<br /> In 2026, the name of the historical constellation Gǔ Qí (Drum Flag, 鼓旗), which is also called ''Youqi'' (Right Flag, 右旗), was suggested to be used for one of the stars in this constellation. Guqi ''(Drum Flag)or Youqi'' (Right Flag) underwent several revisions, nevertheless, it consistently included delta Aquilae as its most bright star and sometimes the determinative star (There is an observed coordinate from 1052CE, the middle picture of row 4 in the gallary above). So it is the best star for this constellation. If not available, mu Aquilae could be an alternative.<br /> <br /> Decision: ... <br /> <br /> ==References ==<br /> [[References (Chinese)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[Category:Asterism ]]<br /> [[Category:Constellation ]]<br /> [[Category:Eurasia]]<br /> [[Category:East Asian]]<br /> [[Category:Chinese ]]</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Guqi&diff=39633 2026-03-06T09:11:20Z

<p>Boshunyang: /* IAU Working Group on Star Names */</p> <hr /> <div>{{DISPLAYTITLE: Guqi (鼓旗)}}<br /> Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----<br /> <br /> Gǔ Qí (Drum Flag, 鼓旗) is a Chinese asterism consisting of nine stars located in the modern constellation ''[[Aquila]]''. It originated no later than about 100 BCE and lies to the right of ''Hé Gǔ'' (Drum at the River, 河鼓).<br /> == Concordance, Etymology, History ==<br /> Drums and Flags were instruments used by ancient armies to transmit signals and direct combat. The ''Sunzi bingfa'' (''Art of War'', 孫子兵法) states:&lt;blockquote&gt;“The ''Military Regulations'' says: ‘If speech cannot be heard, use (metal) gongs and drums; if sight cannot reach, use banners and flags.’ Gongs and drums, banners and flags, are the means by which people’s eyes and ears are unified. When the troops are unified, the brave cannot advance alone and the timid cannot retreat alone—this is the method of employing the masses. Therefore, night battles rely on gongs and drums, and day battles on banners and flags, thereby transforming the soldiers’ senses.”[[File:Shang-dynasty bronze drum with divine-figure motif, in the collection of the Sen-oku Hakukokan Museum, Japan.jpg|thumb|'''Fig 1. Shang-dynasty bronze drum with divine-figure motif, in the collection of the Sen-oku Hakukokan Museum, Japan''']][[File:Mural from Tomb No. 1 at Beiyuan, Liaoyang, Liaoning Province (3rd century).jpg|thumb|'''Fig 2. Mural from Tomb No. 1 at Beiyuan, Liaoyang, Liaoning Province (3rd century)''']][[File:Line drawing of the Mural from Tomb No. 1 at Beiyuan, Liaoyang, Liaoning Province (3rd century), exhibited in the Liaoyang Museum.jpg|thumb|'''Fig 3. Line drawing of the Mural from Tomb No. 1 at Beiyuan, Liaoyang, Liaoning Province (3rd century), exhibited in the Liaoyang Museum.''' The flags are above Tower Pavilion.]]&lt;/blockquote&gt;In the name He-Gu, ''Gu'' refers to the great war drum, while ''He'' denotes the Heavenly River (the Milky Way), indicating its position besides the Milky Way. The drum was not merely a musical instrument but a military command device and a means of encouraging morale: drums signaled attack, whereas metal gongs signaled withdrawal or defensive formation. Archaeological proof indicates that drums had already existed at least by the Shang Dynasty (Fig. 1).<br /> <br /> In Sima Qian(145 or 135 BCE - ?)’s ''Tianguan shu'' (''Book of Heaven Officials'', 天官書), only ''Hegu'' is mentioned and not the Flag, suggesting that the latter was added later. The name ''Gu-Qi'' implies a close association with ''Hegu'', and the Shi school treated the two as a related group of asterisms. However, ''Guqi'' was renamed ''Youqi'' (Right Flag, 右旗) in later times to maintain symmetry since the Gan school introduced the asterism ''Zuoqi'' (Left Flag, 左旗).<br /> <br /> Ancient banners differed significantly from modern ones and were divided into multiple categories. In the pre-Qin (before 220 BCE) period, nine types were distinguished. The ''Zhōu lǐ'' (''Rites of Zhou'', 周禮) describes a system of nine banners (''jiǔ qí''):<br /> <br /> (1) ''Cháng''常 (bearing the sun and moon),<br /> <br /> (2) ''Qí''旂 (with intertwined dragons),<br /> <br /> (3) ''Zhān''旜 (plain silk banner),<br /> <br /> (4) ''Wù''物 (variegated silk),<br /> <br /> (5) ''Qí''旗 (with bears and tigers),<br /> <br /> (6) ''Yú''旟 (with birds),<br /> <br /> (7) ''Zhào''旐 (with tortoise and serpent),<br /> <br /> (8) ''Suì'' 旞 (with full feathers),<br /> <br /> (9) ''Jīng'' (with split feathers)  <br /> <br /> The Han dynasty(202 BCE - 220 CE) system may have differed somewhat. Structurally, the “''Qí''旗” consisted of a pole (''gān''竿), the main cloth panel (''shān''縿), a long streamer (''yóu''斿) attached at the top , and a serrated fringe along the side edge. &lt;ref&gt;Sun Ji孙机. Handai wuzhi wenhua ziliao tushuo（xiuding ben）汉代物质文化资料图说（修订本）. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju. 2020. Pp. 187-191.&lt;/ref&gt; A mural in the Beiyuan Han tomb at Liaoyang, Liaoning, depicts such flags mounted atop a tower pavilion (Fig 2 and Fig 3).<br /> <br /> === Identification of stars ===<br /> In contrast to the bright and stable asterism Hegu, whose identification never changed, ''Guqi (Drum Flag)or Youqi'' (Right Flag) underwent several revisions. Nevertheless, it consistently included δ Aquilae as its most bright star and sometimes the determinative star.<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Star Names or Orders(Qing)<br /> !Ho PENG YOKE&lt;ref&gt;P.-Y. Ho, “Ancient And Mediaeval Observations of Comets and Novae in Chinese Sources,” ''Vistas in Astronomy'', 5(1962), 127-225.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> !Yi Shitong&lt;ref&gt;Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56-57.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Based on catalogue in 18th century<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p220-226.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p435-443.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty<br /> !SUN X. &amp; J. Kistemaker&lt;ref&gt;Sun Xiaochun. &amp; Kistemaker J. ''The Chinese sky during the Han''. Leiden: Brill. 1997, Pp241-6.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Han Dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> before Tang Dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang<br /> Tang Dynasty(8th century)<br /> !'''Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;'''<br /> Song Huangyou(1052)<br /> |-<br /> | 1st<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | mu Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | mu Aql (determinative)<br /> | mu Aql(determinative)<br /> | mu Aql<br /> |del Aql(determinative)<br /> |-<br /> | 2nd<br /> | mu Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> |mu Aql<br /> |-<br /> | 3rd<br /> | del Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | upsilon Aql<br /> | mu Aql<br /> | 22 Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> |sigma Aql<br /> |-<br /> |4th<br /> | nu Aql<br /> | nu Aql<br /> | mu Aql<br /> | 22 Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | nu Aql<br /> | 23 Aql<br /> |23 Aql<br /> |-<br /> |5th<br /> |HIP 95886<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |22 Aql<br /> |21 Aql<br /> |21 Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |nu Aql<br /> |nu Aql<br /> |-<br /> |6th<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |HIP 96392<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |nu Aql<br /> |23 Aql<br /> |eta Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |45 Aql<br /> |-<br /> |7th<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |nu Aql<br /> |theta Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |-<br /> |8th<br /> |kappa Aql<br /> |kappa Aql<br /> |26 Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |69 Aql<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |-<br /> |9th<br /> |57 Aql<br /> |56 Aql<br /> |kappa Aql<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |Hip 101345<br /> |kappa Aql<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Maps (Gallery) ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !historical map<br /> !modern identification<br /> !same in Stellarium<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.jpg|thumb|'''Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in ''Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido''''']]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi before Tang Dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang（2023）.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi before Tang Dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang（2023）]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi before Tang Dynasty in Stellarium.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi before Tang Dynasty in Stellarium]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Gezi yuejin tu.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in ''Gezi yuejin tu'']]<br /> |<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Tang Dynasty(8th Century) in Stellarium reconstructed by Boshun Yang.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Tang Dynasty(8th Century) in Stellarium reconstructed by Boshun Yang]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Xin yixiang fayao.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in ''Xin yixiang fayao'' Star Map]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai（2009）.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai（2009）]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Pan Nai.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Pan Nai]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Suzhou Star Map.jpg|thumb|'''Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Suzhou Star Map''']]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Boshun Yang.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Boshun Yang]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Yixiang kaocheng Star Map (18th century).jpeg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in ''Yixiang kaocheng'' Star Map (18th century)]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in 18th century reconstructed by YI Shitong（1981）.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in 18th century reconstructed by YI Shitong（1981）]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in 18th century in Stellarium.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in 18th century in Stellarium]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> == IAU Working Group on Star Names ==<br /> In 2026, the name of the historical constellation Gǔ Qí (Drum Flag, 鼓旗), which is also called ''Youqi'' (Right Flag, 右旗), was suggested to be used for one of the stars in this constellation. Guqi ''(Drum Flag)or Youqi'' (Right Flag) underwent several revisions, nevertheless, it consistently included delta Aquilae as its most bright star and sometimes the determinative star (There was a observed coordinate from 1052CE, the middle picture of row 4 in the gallary above). So it is the best star for this constellation. If not available, mu Aquilae could be an alternative.<br /> <br /> Decision: ... <br /> <br /> ==References ==<br /> [[References (Chinese)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[Category:Asterism ]]<br /> [[Category:Constellation ]]<br /> [[Category:Eurasia]]<br /> [[Category:East Asian]]<br /> [[Category:Chinese ]]</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Bixiu&diff=39632 2026-03-06T09:02:43Z

<p>Boshunyang: /* IAU Working Group on Star Names */</p> <hr /> <div>{{DISPLAYTITLE: Bi (畢)}}<br /> Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Bixiu in Stellarium.jpg|alt=Bixiu in Stellarium|thumb|'''Bixiu in Stellarium''']]<br /> Bì ( Net, 畢), or Bì Xiù (Net Mansion/Lodge, 畢宿), one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions, is the fifth mansion of the White Tiger of the West. It represents a long-handled hunting tool with a small mesh, used for catching hares or birds. It corresponds to eight stars in the constellation Taurus.<br /> <br /> == Concordance, Etymology, History==<br /> <br /> The shape of Bi was envisioned by ancient Chinese as a hare-catching net with a small mesh and a long handle. In astrology, it is used to govern matters like hunting rabbits or warfare in border regions.<br /> [[File:Lodge Bi, in the Western Han Tomb Mural, excavated in Xi'an, Shannxi Province, repainted by Xu Gang.jpg|alt=The rabbit represent the Pleiades， called Mao(昴, Hair) in China|thumb|'''Fig 1. Lodge Bi, in the Western Han Tomb Mural, excavated in Xi'an, Shannxi Province, repainted by Xu Gang''']]<br /> <br /> Bi and its surrounding celestial region were viewed as a battlefield on the frontier, with the Mao (昴, Pleiades) as the opposing force, and the border lying at the Tiān Jiē (Celestial Street, 天街). Bi itself is seen as a war chariot, used for hunting or warfare. Its brightest star, α Tau, is regarded as the Border General. Next to it is a star named Fù Ěr (附耳, Attached Ear, σ2 Tau), regarded as an auxiliary constellation to Bi, meaning &quot;whispering close to the ear&quot; or secret plotting.<br /> [[File:Lodge Bi, in the Eastern Han Tomb Mural, excavated in Qushuhao, Jingbian County, Shannxi Province.jpg|thumb|'''Fig 2. Lodge Bi, in the Eastern Han Tomb Mural, excavated in Qushuhao, Jingbian County, Shannxi Province.''' The rabbit represent the Pleiades, called Mao(昴, Hair) in China.]]<br /> <br /> === Identification of stars ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Star Names or Orders(Qing)<br /> !Yi Shitong&lt;ref&gt;Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Based on catalogue in 18th century<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p443.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> before Tang dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> Song Jingyou(1034)<br /> |-<br /> | 1st/determinative<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 2nd<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 3rd<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 4th<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 5th<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 6th<br /> | theta1 Tau<br /> | theta2 Tau<br /> | theta1 Tau<br /> | theta2 Tau<br /> | theta2 Tau<br /> |-<br /> |7th<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> |-<br /> |8th/Bixiuba(畢宿八, The eighth star of Bixiu)/Bibing(畢柄， The handle of Bi)<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> |-<br /> |Fu'er<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |}<br /> [[File:Hunting Scenery on Han painting Stone, collected in Shangqiu Museum, photo by Boshun Yang.jpg|thumb|'''Fig 3. Hunting Scenery on Han dynasty Stone Painting''', collected in Shangqiu Museum, photo by Boshun Yang]]<br /> <br /> === Maps (Gallery) ===<br /> &lt;gallery widths=&quot;200&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot; perrow=&quot;6&quot; caption=&quot;Bixiu (Bi)&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Bixiu in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.jpg|'''Bixiu in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido'''<br /> File:Bixiu in Dunhuang Star Map.jpg|'''Bixiu in Dunhuang Star Map'''<br /> File:Bixiu in Suzhou Star Map.jpg|'''Bixiu in Suzhou Star Map'''<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> == IAU Working Group on Star Names ==<br /> In 2026, the name of the historical constellation Bì Xiù (Net Mansion/Lodge, 畢宿) was suggested to be used for one of the stars in this constellation. Since the determinative star of Bixiu is ready named, we decide to use the propose the name Bibing(畢柄， The handle of Bi) to lambda Tau. The name Bibing has appeared in astrological text at least since 7th century, referring to the long handle of this constellation or the star at the tip of the handle. As you can see, in the Figure 1 to Figure 3, the hunter is holding the handle of a net or the constelaltion Bi (net) or to catch a rabbit, which sometimes was combined with Pleiades.<br /> <br /> Decision: ... <br /> <br /> ==References ==<br /> [[References (Chinese)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[Category:Asterism ]]<br /> [[Category:Constellation ]]<br /> [[Category:Eurasia]]<br /> [[Category:East Asian]]<br /> [[Category:Chinese ]]<br /> [[Category:Zodiac]]<br /> &lt;references /&gt;</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Bixiu&diff=39631 2026-03-06T09:01:06Z

<p>Boshunyang: /* Maps (Gallery) */</p> <hr /> <div>{{DISPLAYTITLE: Bi (畢)}}<br /> Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Bixiu in Stellarium.jpg|alt=Bixiu in Stellarium|thumb|'''Bixiu in Stellarium''']]<br /> Bì ( Net, 畢), or Bì Xiù (Net Mansion/Lodge, 畢宿), one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions, is the fifth mansion of the White Tiger of the West. It represents a long-handled hunting tool with a small mesh, used for catching hares or birds. It corresponds to eight stars in the constellation Taurus.<br /> <br /> == Concordance, Etymology, History==<br /> <br /> The shape of Bi was envisioned by ancient Chinese as a hare-catching net with a small mesh and a long handle. In astrology, it is used to govern matters like hunting rabbits or warfare in border regions.<br /> [[File:Lodge Bi, in the Western Han Tomb Mural, excavated in Xi'an, Shannxi Province, repainted by Xu Gang.jpg|alt=The rabbit represent the Pleiades， called Mao(昴, Hair) in China|thumb|'''Fig 1. Lodge Bi, in the Western Han Tomb Mural, excavated in Xi'an, Shannxi Province, repainted by Xu Gang''']]<br /> <br /> Bi and its surrounding celestial region were viewed as a battlefield on the frontier, with the Mao (昴, Pleiades) as the opposing force, and the border lying at the Tiān Jiē (Celestial Street, 天街). Bi itself is seen as a war chariot, used for hunting or warfare. Its brightest star, α Tau, is regarded as the Border General. Next to it is a star named Fù Ěr (附耳, Attached Ear, σ2 Tau), regarded as an auxiliary constellation to Bi, meaning &quot;whispering close to the ear&quot; or secret plotting.<br /> [[File:Lodge Bi, in the Eastern Han Tomb Mural, excavated in Qushuhao, Jingbian County, Shannxi Province.jpg|thumb|'''Fig 2. Lodge Bi, in the Eastern Han Tomb Mural, excavated in Qushuhao, Jingbian County, Shannxi Province.''' The rabbit represent the Pleiades, called Mao(昴, Hair) in China.]]<br /> <br /> === Identification of stars ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Star Names or Orders(Qing)<br /> !Yi Shitong&lt;ref&gt;Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Based on catalogue in 18th century<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p443.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> before Tang dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> Song Jingyou(1034)<br /> |-<br /> | 1st/determinative<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 2nd<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 3rd<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 4th<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 5th<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 6th<br /> | theta1 Tau<br /> | theta2 Tau<br /> | theta1 Tau<br /> | theta2 Tau<br /> | theta2 Tau<br /> |-<br /> |7th<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> |-<br /> |8th/Bixiuba(畢宿八, The eighth star of Bixiu)/Bibing(畢柄， The handle of Bi)<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> |-<br /> |Fu'er<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |}<br /> [[File:Hunting Scenery on Han painting Stone, collected in Shangqiu Museum, photo by Boshun Yang.jpg|thumb|'''Fig 3. Hunting Scenery on Han dynasty Stone Painting''', collected in Shangqiu Museum, photo by Boshun Yang]]<br /> <br /> === Maps (Gallery) ===<br /> &lt;gallery widths=&quot;200&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot; perrow=&quot;6&quot; caption=&quot;Bixiu (Bi)&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Bixiu in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.jpg|'''Bixiu in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido'''<br /> File:Bixiu in Dunhuang Star Map.jpg|'''Bixiu in Dunhuang Star Map'''<br /> File:Bixiu in Suzhou Star Map.jpg|'''Bixiu in Suzhou Star Map'''<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> == IAU Working Group on Star Names ==<br /> In 2026, the name of the historical constellation Bì Xiù (Net Mansion/Lodge, 畢宿) was suggested to be used for one of the stars in this constellation. Since the determinative star of Bixiu is ready named, we decide to use the propose the name Bibing(畢柄， The handle of Bi) to lambda Tau. The name Bibing has existed at least since Tang (618-907CE) dynasty, referring to the long handle of this constellation or the star at the tip of the handle. As you can see, in the Figure 1 to Figure 3, the hunter is holding the handle of a net or the constelaltion Bi (net) or to catch a rabbit, which sometimes was combined with Pleiades.<br /> <br /> Decision: ... <br /> <br /> ==References ==<br /> [[References (Chinese)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[Category:Asterism ]]<br /> [[Category:Constellation ]]<br /> [[Category:Eurasia]]<br /> [[Category:East Asian]]<br /> [[Category:Chinese ]]<br /> [[Category:Zodiac]]<br /> &lt;references /&gt;</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Bixiu&diff=39630 2026-03-06T08:58:55Z

<p>Boshunyang: </p> <hr /> <div>{{DISPLAYTITLE: Bi (畢)}}<br /> Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Bixiu in Stellarium.jpg|alt=Bixiu in Stellarium|thumb|'''Bixiu in Stellarium''']]<br /> Bì ( Net, 畢), or Bì Xiù (Net Mansion/Lodge, 畢宿), one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions, is the fifth mansion of the White Tiger of the West. It represents a long-handled hunting tool with a small mesh, used for catching hares or birds. It corresponds to eight stars in the constellation Taurus.<br /> <br /> == Concordance, Etymology, History==<br /> <br /> The shape of Bi was envisioned by ancient Chinese as a hare-catching net with a small mesh and a long handle. In astrology, it is used to govern matters like hunting rabbits or warfare in border regions.<br /> [[File:Lodge Bi, in the Western Han Tomb Mural, excavated in Xi'an, Shannxi Province, repainted by Xu Gang.jpg|alt=The rabbit represent the Pleiades， called Mao(昴, Hair) in China|thumb|'''Fig 1. Lodge Bi, in the Western Han Tomb Mural, excavated in Xi'an, Shannxi Province, repainted by Xu Gang''']]<br /> <br /> Bi and its surrounding celestial region were viewed as a battlefield on the frontier, with the Mao (昴, Pleiades) as the opposing force, and the border lying at the Tiān Jiē (Celestial Street, 天街). Bi itself is seen as a war chariot, used for hunting or warfare. Its brightest star, α Tau, is regarded as the Border General. Next to it is a star named Fù Ěr (附耳, Attached Ear, σ2 Tau), regarded as an auxiliary constellation to Bi, meaning &quot;whispering close to the ear&quot; or secret plotting.<br /> [[File:Lodge Bi, in the Eastern Han Tomb Mural, excavated in Qushuhao, Jingbian County, Shannxi Province.jpg|thumb|'''Fig 2. Lodge Bi, in the Eastern Han Tomb Mural, excavated in Qushuhao, Jingbian County, Shannxi Province.''' The rabbit represent the Pleiades, called Mao(昴, Hair) in China.]]<br /> <br /> === Identification of stars ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Star Names or Orders(Qing)<br /> !Yi Shitong&lt;ref&gt;Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Based on catalogue in 18th century<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p443.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> before Tang dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> Song Jingyou(1034)<br /> |-<br /> | 1st/determinative<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 2nd<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 3rd<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 4th<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 5th<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 6th<br /> | theta1 Tau<br /> | theta2 Tau<br /> | theta1 Tau<br /> | theta2 Tau<br /> | theta2 Tau<br /> |-<br /> |7th<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> |-<br /> |8th/Bixiuba(畢宿八, The eighth star of Bixiu)/Bibing(畢柄， The handle of Bi)<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> |-<br /> |Fu'er<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |}<br /> [[File:Hunting Scenery on Han painting Stone, collected in Shangqiu Museum, photo by Boshun Yang.jpg|thumb|'''Fig 3. Hunting Scenery on Han dynasty painting Stone''', collected in Shangqiu Museum, photo by Boshun Yang]]<br /> <br /> === Maps (Gallery) ===<br /> &lt;gallery widths=&quot;200&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot; perrow=&quot;6&quot; caption=&quot;Bixiu (Bi)&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Bixiu in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.jpg|'''Bixiu in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido'''<br /> File:Bixiu in Dunhuang Star Map.jpg|'''Bixiu in Dunhuang Star Map'''<br /> File:Bixiu in Suzhou Star Map.jpg|'''Bixiu in Suzhou Star Map'''<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> == IAU Working Group on Star Names ==<br /> In 2026, the name of the historical constellation Bì Xiù (Net Mansion/Lodge, 畢宿) was suggested to be used for one of the stars in this constellation. Since the determinative star of Bixiu is ready named, we decide to use the propose the name Bibing(畢柄， The handle of Bi) to lambda Tau. The name Bibing has existed at least since Tang (618-907CE) dynasty, referring to the long handle of this constellation or the star at the tip of the handle. As you can see, in the Figure 1 to Figure 3, the hunter is holding the handle of a net or the constelaltion Bi (net) or to catch a rabbit, which sometimes was combined with Pleiades.<br /> <br /> Decision: ... <br /> <br /> ==References ==<br /> [[References (Chinese)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[Category:Asterism ]]<br /> [[Category:Constellation ]]<br /> [[Category:Eurasia]]<br /> [[Category:East Asian]]<br /> [[Category:Chinese ]]<br /> [[Category:Zodiac]]<br /> &lt;references /&gt;</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Bixiu&diff=39629 2026-03-06T08:57:06Z

<p>Boshunyang: </p> <hr /> <div>{{DISPLAYTITLE: Bi (畢)}}<br /> Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Bixiu in Stellarium.jpg|alt=Bixiu in Stellarium|thumb|'''Bixiu in Stellarium''']]<br /> Bì Xiù (Net Mansion/Lodge, 畢宿), or Bì ( Net, 畢), one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions, is the fifth mansion of the White Tiger of the West. It represents a long-handled hunting tool with a small mesh, used for catching hares or birds. It corresponds to eight stars in the constellation Taurus.<br /> <br /> == Concordance, Etymology, History==<br /> <br /> The shape of Bi was envisioned by ancient Chinese as a hare-catching net with a small mesh and a long handle. In astrology, it is used to govern matters like hunting rabbits or warfare in border regions.<br /> [[File:Lodge Bi, in the Western Han Tomb Mural, excavated in Xi'an, Shannxi Province, repainted by Xu Gang.jpg|alt=The rabbit represent the Pleiades， called Mao(昴, Hair) in China|thumb|'''Fig 1. Lodge Bi, in the Western Han Tomb Mural, excavated in Xi'an, Shannxi Province, repainted by Xu Gang''']]<br /> <br /> Bi and its surrounding celestial region were viewed as a battlefield on the frontier, with the Mao (昴, Pleiades) as the opposing force, and the border lying at the Tiān Jiē (Celestial Street, 天街). Bi itself is seen as a war chariot, used for hunting or warfare. Its brightest star, α Tau, is regarded as the Border General. Next to it is a star named Fù Ěr (附耳, Attached Ear, σ2 Tau), regarded as an auxiliary constellation to Bi, meaning &quot;whispering close to the ear&quot; or secret plotting.<br /> [[File:Lodge Bi, in the Eastern Han Tomb Mural, excavated in Qushuhao, Jingbian County, Shannxi Province.jpg|thumb|'''Fig 2. Lodge Bi, in the Eastern Han Tomb Mural, excavated in Qushuhao, Jingbian County, Shannxi Province.''' The rabbit represent the Pleiades, called Mao(昴, Hair) in China.]]<br /> <br /> === Identification of stars ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Star Names or Orders(Qing)<br /> !Yi Shitong&lt;ref&gt;Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Based on catalogue in 18th century<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p443.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> before Tang dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> Song Jingyou(1034)<br /> |-<br /> | 1st/determinative<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 2nd<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 3rd<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 4th<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 5th<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 6th<br /> | theta1 Tau<br /> | theta2 Tau<br /> | theta1 Tau<br /> | theta2 Tau<br /> | theta2 Tau<br /> |-<br /> |7th<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> |-<br /> |8th/Bixiuba(畢宿八, The eighth star of Bixiu)/Bibing(畢柄， The handle of Bi)<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> |-<br /> |Fu'er<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |}<br /> [[File:Hunting Scenery on Han painting Stone, collected in Shangqiu Museum, photo by Boshun Yang.jpg|thumb|'''Fig 3. Hunting Scenery on Han dynasty painting Stone''', collected in Shangqiu Museum, photo by Boshun Yang]]<br /> <br /> === Maps (Gallery) ===<br /> &lt;gallery widths=&quot;200&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot; perrow=&quot;6&quot; caption=&quot;Bixiu (Bi)&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Bixiu in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.jpg|'''Bixiu in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido'''<br /> File:Bixiu in Dunhuang Star Map.jpg|'''Bixiu in Dunhuang Star Map'''<br /> File:Bixiu in Suzhou Star Map.jpg|'''Bixiu in Suzhou Star Map'''<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> == IAU Working Group on Star Names ==<br /> In 2026, the name of the historical constellation Bì Xiù (Net Mansion/Lodge, 畢宿) was suggested to be used for one of the stars in this constellation. Since the determinative star of Bixiu is ready named, we decide to use the propose the name Bibing(畢柄， The handle of Bi) to lambda Tau. The name Bibing has existed at least since Tang (618-907CE) dynasty, referring to the long handle of this constellation or the star at the tip of the handle. As you can see, in the Figure 1 to Figure 3, the hunter is holding the handle of a net or the constelaltion Bixiu (net) or to catch a rabbit, which sometimee are combined with Pleiades.<br /> <br /> Decision: ... <br /> <br /> ==References ==<br /> [[References (Chinese)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[Category:Asterism ]]<br /> [[Category:Constellation ]]<br /> [[Category:Eurasia]]<br /> [[Category:East Asian]]<br /> [[Category:Chinese ]]<br /> [[Category:Zodiac]]<br /> &lt;references /&gt;</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Qigong&diff=39628 2026-03-06T08:44:33Z

<p>Boshunyang: </p> <hr /> <div>{{DISPLAYTITLE: Qigong (七公)}}<br /> Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----<br /> ''Qī Gōng'' (Seven Excellencies, 七公) is a Chinese asterism composed of seven stars. Its configuration resembles that of ''[[Tianji]]'' (Celestial Discipline, 天紀), forming an east–west alignment that stretches across the modern constellations ''Hercules'', ''Corona Borealis'', and ''Boötes''. The coordinate of its determinative star was first measured in the Western Han period (around 100 BCE), indicating that the asterism has existed for at least twenty-one centuries. <br /> <br /> == Concordance, Etymology, History ==<br /> The name ''Qigong'' (“Seven Dukes”) refers to a group of high-ranking officials responsible for deliberation and judicial review. As explained in the ''Shì shi zan'' (Star Canon of Master Shi, 石氏星經):&lt;blockquote&gt;“The Seven Dukes deliberate on doubts and distinguish good from evil; they serve as the ministers who administer justice in Heaven.”&lt;/blockquote&gt;The asterism symbolically comprises the officials ''Sān Gōng'' (Three Excellencies，三公), ''Zuǒ Fǔ'' (Left Assistant，左辅), ''Yòu Bì'' (Right Aide，右弼), ''Qián Yí'' (Front Counselor，前疑), and ''Hòu Chéng'' (Rear Minister，后丞). Together they were imagined as adjudicating doubtful legal cases, examining punishments, and ensuring careful judicial deliberation. Astrological interpretation held that if the stars appeared orderly and bright, the laws of the state would be just and well administered; if they appeared irregular(in position or brightness), wrongful judgments and miscarriages of justice would increase.<br /> <br /> The ''Wei shu'' (Book of Wei, 魏書), juan 91 (“Treatise on Arts and Techniques”), explicitly associates ''Qī Gōng'' with ''Guàn Suǒ'' (Heavenly Prison, 貫索):&lt;blockquote&gt;“The Seven Dukes, seven stars, lie east of ''Zhāo Yáo'' and close to ''Guàn Suǒ''. ''Guàn Suǒ'' represents the celestial prison; when punishments and judgments lose their proper balance, the Seven Dukes deliberate and rectify injustices.”&lt;/blockquote&gt;In addition, the asterism ''Tiān Jì'' (Celestial Discipline, 天紀) lies immediately to the lower left of ''Qī Gōng''. Together, these three asterisms form a closely related symbolic complex representing the judicial institutions of Heaven.<br /> <br /> === Identification of stars ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Star Names or Orders(Qing)<br /> !Ho PENG YOKE&lt;ref&gt;P.-Y. Ho, “Ancient And Mediaeval Observations of Comets and Novae in Chinese Sources,” ''Vistas in Astronomy'', 5(1962), 127-225.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> !Yi Shitong&lt;ref&gt;Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Based on catalogue in 18th century<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p443.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty<br /> !SUN X. &amp; J. Kistemaker&lt;ref&gt;Sun Xiaochun. &amp; Kistemaker J. ''The Chinese sky during the Han''. Leiden: Brill. 1997, Pp241-6.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Han Dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> before Tang dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> Song Huangyou(1052)<br /> |-<br /> | 1st(determinative)<br /> | 42 Her<br /> | 42 Her<br /> | gamma Boo<br /> | del Boo<br /> | beta Boo<br /> | beta Boo<br /> | gamma Boo<br /> |-<br /> | 2nd<br /> | tau Her<br /> | tau Her<br /> | beta Boo<br /> | mu1 Boo<br /> | mu1 Boo<br /> | mu1 Boo<br /> | beta Boo<br /> |-<br /> | 3rd<br /> | phi Her<br /> | phi Her<br /> | mu1 Boo<br /> | zeta1 CrB<br /> | zeta1 CrB<br /> | zeta1 CrB<br /> | mu1 Boo<br /> |-<br /> |4th<br /> | chi Her<br /> | chi Her<br /> | gamma CrB<br /> | kappa CrB<br /> | kappa CrB<br /> | kappa CrB<br /> | zeta1 CrB<br /> |-<br /> |5th<br /> |nu1 Boo<br /> |nu1 Boo<br /> |25 Her<br /> |tau CrB<br /> |tau CrB<br /> |tau CrB<br /> |kappa CrB<br /> |-<br /> |6th<br /> |mu1 Boo<br /> |mu1 Boo<br /> |eta He<br /> |25 Her<br /> |<br /> |25 Her<br /> |tau CrB<br /> |-<br /> |7th<br /> |del Boo<br /> |del Boo<br /> |HIP 83947<br /> |eta Her<br /> |eta Her<br /> |eta Her<br /> |sigma Her<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Maps (Gallery) ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !historical map<br /> !modern identification<br /> !same in Stellarium<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Dunhuang Star Map.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Dunhuang Star Map]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang based on Dunhuang Star Map and Master Shi's Star Catalogue (about 100 BCE).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang(2023) based on Dunhuang Star Map and Master Shi's Star Catalogue (about 100 BCE)]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty reconstructed based on Dun Huang Star Map and Master Shi's Star Catalogue (about 100 BCE).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty reconstructed based on Dun Huang Star Map and Master Shi's Star Catalogue (about 100 BCE)]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in ''Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido'']]<br /> |<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty based on Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido (by Boshun Yang).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty based on ''Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido'' (by Boshun Yang)]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Gezi yuejin tu.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in ''Gezi yuejin tu'']]<br /> |<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai (in Stellarium).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai (in Stellarium)]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Xin yixiang fayao Star Map.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in ''Xin yixiang fayao'' Star Map]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai based on ''Xin yixiang fayao'' Star Map and Huangyou Star Catalogue]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Suzhou Star Map.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Suzhou Star Map]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang based on Suzhou Star Map and Huangyou Star Catalogue (about 1052 CE).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang(2023) based on Suzhou Star Map and Huangyou Star Catalogue (about 1052 CE)]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang(in Stellarium).jpg|thumb|'''Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang(in Stellarium)''']]<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |[[File:Qigong in Yuan dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang based on Tianwen huichao Star Catalogue (1360s).jpg|thumb|Qigong in Yuan dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang based on ''Tianwen huichao'' Star Catalogue (1360s)]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Yuan dynasty (1360s) in Stellarium.jpg|thumb|'''Qigong and Guansuo in Yuan dynasty (1360s) in Stellarium''']]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Yixiang kaocheng Stat Map (18th century).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in ''Yixiang kaocheng'' Stat Map (18th century)]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Qing dynasty reconstructed by YI Shitong based on Yixiang kaocheng Star Catalogue (18th century).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Qing dynasty reconstructed by YI Shitong based on ''Yixiang kaocheng'' Star Catalogue (18th century)]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Qing dynasty (18th century) in Stellarium.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Qing dynasty (18th century) in Stellarium]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> == IAU Working Group on Star Names ==<br /> In 2026, the name of the historical constellation Qī Gōng (Seven Excellencies, 七公) was suggested to be used for one of the stars in this constellation. The star delta Boo is recommended, for this star has an highly-accurate observed coordinate in 1630s and is the westmost star in this constellation (In China, the west star of a constellation is usually the determinative star).<br /> <br /> Decision: ... <br /> <br /> ==References ==<br /> [[References (Chinese)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[Category:Asterism ]]<br /> [[Category:Constellation ]]<br /> [[Category:Eurasia]]<br /> [[Category:East Asian]]<br /> [[Category:Chinese ]]</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Guqi&diff=39583 2026-03-05T13:40:04Z

<p>Boshunyang: /* IAU Working Group on Star Names */</p> <hr /> <div>{{DISPLAYTITLE: Guqi (鼓旗)}}<br /> Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----<br /> <br /> Gǔ Qí (Drum Flag, 鼓旗) is a Chinese asterism consisting of nine stars located in the modern constellation ''[[Aquila]]''. It originated no later than about 100 BCE and lies to the right of ''Hé Gǔ'' (Drum at the River, 河鼓).<br /> == Concordance, Etymology, History ==<br /> Drums and Flags were instruments used by ancient armies to transmit signals and direct combat. The ''Sunzi bingfa'' (''Art of War'', 孫子兵法) states:&lt;blockquote&gt;“The ''Military Regulations'' says: ‘If speech cannot be heard, use (metal) gongs and drums; if sight cannot reach, use banners and flags.’ Gongs and drums, banners and flags, are the means by which people’s eyes and ears are unified. When the troops are unified, the brave cannot advance alone and the timid cannot retreat alone—this is the method of employing the masses. Therefore, night battles rely on gongs and drums, and day battles on banners and flags, thereby transforming the soldiers’ senses.”[[File:Shang-dynasty bronze drum with divine-figure motif, in the collection of the Sen-oku Hakukokan Museum, Japan.jpg|thumb|'''Fig 1. Shang-dynasty bronze drum with divine-figure motif, in the collection of the Sen-oku Hakukokan Museum, Japan''']][[File:Mural from Tomb No. 1 at Beiyuan, Liaoyang, Liaoning Province (3rd century).jpg|thumb|'''Fig 2. Mural from Tomb No. 1 at Beiyuan, Liaoyang, Liaoning Province (3rd century)''']][[File:Line drawing of the Mural from Tomb No. 1 at Beiyuan, Liaoyang, Liaoning Province (3rd century), exhibited in the Liaoyang Museum.jpg|thumb|'''Fig 3. Line drawing of the Mural from Tomb No. 1 at Beiyuan, Liaoyang, Liaoning Province (3rd century), exhibited in the Liaoyang Museum.''' The flags are above Tower Pavilion.]]&lt;/blockquote&gt;In the name He-Gu, ''Gu'' refers to the great war drum, while ''He'' denotes the Heavenly River (the Milky Way), indicating its position besides the Milky Way. The drum was not merely a musical instrument but a military command device and a means of encouraging morale: drums signaled attack, whereas metal gongs signaled withdrawal or defensive formation. Archaeological proof indicates that drums had already existed at least by the Shang Dynasty (Fig. 1).<br /> <br /> In Sima Qian(145 or 135 BCE - ?)’s ''Tianguan shu'' (''Book of Heaven Officials'', 天官書), only ''Hegu'' is mentioned and not the Flag, suggesting that the latter was added later. The name ''Gu-Qi'' implies a close association with ''Hegu'', and the Shi school treated the two as a related group of asterisms. However, ''Guqi'' was renamed ''Youqi'' (Right Flag, 右旗) in later times to maintain symmetry since the Gan school introduced the asterism ''Zuoqi'' (Left Flag, 左旗).<br /> <br /> Ancient banners differed significantly from modern ones and were divided into multiple categories. In the pre-Qin (before 220 BCE) period, nine types were distinguished. The ''Zhōu lǐ'' (''Rites of Zhou'', 周禮) describes a system of nine banners (''jiǔ qí''):<br /> <br /> (1) ''Cháng''常 (bearing the sun and moon),<br /> <br /> (2) ''Qí''旂 (with intertwined dragons),<br /> <br /> (3) ''Zhān''旜 (plain silk banner),<br /> <br /> (4) ''Wù''物 (variegated silk),<br /> <br /> (5) ''Qí''旗 (with bears and tigers),<br /> <br /> (6) ''Yú''旟 (with birds),<br /> <br /> (7) ''Zhào''旐 (with tortoise and serpent),<br /> <br /> (8) ''Suì'' 旞 (with full feathers),<br /> <br /> (9) ''Jīng'' (with split feathers)  <br /> <br /> The Han dynasty(202 BCE - 220 CE) system may have differed somewhat. Structurally, the “''Qí''旗” consisted of a pole (''gān''竿), the main cloth panel (''shān''縿), a long streamer (''yóu''斿) attached at the top , and a serrated fringe along the side edge. &lt;ref&gt;Sun Ji孙机. Handai wuzhi wenhua ziliao tushuo（xiuding ben）汉代物质文化资料图说（修订本）. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju. 2020. Pp. 187-191.&lt;/ref&gt; A mural in the Beiyuan Han tomb at Liaoyang, Liaoning, depicts such flags mounted atop a tower pavilion (Fig 2 and Fig 3).<br /> <br /> === Identification of stars ===<br /> In contrast to the bright and stable asterism Hegu, whose identification never changed, ''Guqi (Drum Flag)or Youqi'' (Right Flag) underwent several revisions. Nevertheless, it consistently included δ Aquilae as its most bright star and sometimes the determinative star.<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Star Names or Orders(Qing)<br /> !Ho PENG YOKE&lt;ref&gt;P.-Y. Ho, “Ancient And Mediaeval Observations of Comets and Novae in Chinese Sources,” ''Vistas in Astronomy'', 5(1962), 127-225.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> !Yi Shitong&lt;ref&gt;Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56-57.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Based on catalogue in 18th century<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p220-226.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p435-443.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty<br /> !SUN X. &amp; J. Kistemaker&lt;ref&gt;Sun Xiaochun. &amp; Kistemaker J. ''The Chinese sky during the Han''. Leiden: Brill. 1997, Pp241-6.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Han Dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> before Tang Dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang<br /> Tang Dynasty(8th century)<br /> !'''Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;'''<br /> Song Huangyou(1052)<br /> |-<br /> | 1st<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | mu Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | mu Aql (determinative)<br /> | mu Aql(determinative)<br /> | mu Aql<br /> |del Aql(determinative)<br /> |-<br /> | 2nd<br /> | mu Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> |mu Aql<br /> |-<br /> | 3rd<br /> | del Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | upsilon Aql<br /> | mu Aql<br /> | 22 Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> |sigma Aql<br /> |-<br /> |4th<br /> | nu Aql<br /> | nu Aql<br /> | mu Aql<br /> | 22 Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | nu Aql<br /> | 23 Aql<br /> |23 Aql<br /> |-<br /> |5th<br /> |HIP 95886<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |22 Aql<br /> |21 Aql<br /> |21 Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |nu Aql<br /> |nu Aql<br /> |-<br /> |6th<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |HIP 96392<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |nu Aql<br /> |23 Aql<br /> |eta Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |45 Aql<br /> |-<br /> |7th<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |nu Aql<br /> |theta Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |-<br /> |8th<br /> |kappa Aql<br /> |kappa Aql<br /> |26 Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |69 Aql<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |-<br /> |9th<br /> |57 Aql<br /> |56 Aql<br /> |kappa Aql<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |Hip 101345<br /> |kappa Aql<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Maps (Gallery) ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !historical map<br /> !modern identification<br /> !same in Stellarium<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.jpg|thumb|'''Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in ''Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido''''']]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi before Tang Dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang（2023）.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi before Tang Dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang（2023）]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi before Tang Dynasty in Stellarium.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi before Tang Dynasty in Stellarium]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Gezi yuejin tu.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in ''Gezi yuejin tu'']]<br /> |<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Tang Dynasty(8th Century) in Stellarium reconstructed by Boshun Yang.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Tang Dynasty(8th Century) in Stellarium reconstructed by Boshun Yang]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Xin yixiang fayao.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in ''Xin yixiang fayao'' Star Map]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai（2009）.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai（2009）]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Pan Nai.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Pan Nai]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Suzhou Star Map.jpg|thumb|'''Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Suzhou Star Map''']]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Boshun Yang.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Boshun Yang]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Yixiang kaocheng Star Map (18th century).jpeg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in ''Yixiang kaocheng'' Star Map (18th century)]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in 18th century reconstructed by YI Shitong（1981）.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in 18th century reconstructed by YI Shitong（1981）]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in 18th century in Stellarium.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in 18th century in Stellarium]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> == IAU Working Group on Star Names ==<br /> In 2026, the name of the historical constellation Gǔ Qí (Drum Flag, 鼓旗), which is also called ''Youqi'' (Right Flag, 右旗), was suggested to be used for one of the stars in this constellation. Guqi ''(Drum Flag)or Youqi'' (Right Flag) underwent several revisions, nevertheless, it consistently included delta Aquilae as its most bright star and sometimes the determinative star. So it is the best star for this constellation. If not available, mu Aquilae could be an alternative.<br /> <br /> Decision: ... <br /> <br /> ==References ==<br /> [[References (Chinese)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[Category:Asterism ]]<br /> [[Category:Constellation ]]<br /> [[Category:Eurasia]]<br /> [[Category:East Asian]]<br /> [[Category:Chinese ]]</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Guqi&diff=39582 2026-03-05T13:38:47Z

<p>Boshunyang: /* Identification of stars */</p> <hr /> <div>{{DISPLAYTITLE: Guqi (鼓旗)}}<br /> Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----<br /> <br /> Gǔ Qí (Drum Flag, 鼓旗) is a Chinese asterism consisting of nine stars located in the modern constellation ''[[Aquila]]''. It originated no later than about 100 BCE and lies to the right of ''Hé Gǔ'' (Drum at the River, 河鼓).<br /> == Concordance, Etymology, History ==<br /> Drums and Flags were instruments used by ancient armies to transmit signals and direct combat. The ''Sunzi bingfa'' (''Art of War'', 孫子兵法) states:&lt;blockquote&gt;“The ''Military Regulations'' says: ‘If speech cannot be heard, use (metal) gongs and drums; if sight cannot reach, use banners and flags.’ Gongs and drums, banners and flags, are the means by which people’s eyes and ears are unified. When the troops are unified, the brave cannot advance alone and the timid cannot retreat alone—this is the method of employing the masses. Therefore, night battles rely on gongs and drums, and day battles on banners and flags, thereby transforming the soldiers’ senses.”[[File:Shang-dynasty bronze drum with divine-figure motif, in the collection of the Sen-oku Hakukokan Museum, Japan.jpg|thumb|'''Fig 1. Shang-dynasty bronze drum with divine-figure motif, in the collection of the Sen-oku Hakukokan Museum, Japan''']][[File:Mural from Tomb No. 1 at Beiyuan, Liaoyang, Liaoning Province (3rd century).jpg|thumb|'''Fig 2. Mural from Tomb No. 1 at Beiyuan, Liaoyang, Liaoning Province (3rd century)''']][[File:Line drawing of the Mural from Tomb No. 1 at Beiyuan, Liaoyang, Liaoning Province (3rd century), exhibited in the Liaoyang Museum.jpg|thumb|'''Fig 3. Line drawing of the Mural from Tomb No. 1 at Beiyuan, Liaoyang, Liaoning Province (3rd century), exhibited in the Liaoyang Museum.''' The flags are above Tower Pavilion.]]&lt;/blockquote&gt;In the name He-Gu, ''Gu'' refers to the great war drum, while ''He'' denotes the Heavenly River (the Milky Way), indicating its position besides the Milky Way. The drum was not merely a musical instrument but a military command device and a means of encouraging morale: drums signaled attack, whereas metal gongs signaled withdrawal or defensive formation. Archaeological proof indicates that drums had already existed at least by the Shang Dynasty (Fig. 1).<br /> <br /> In Sima Qian(145 or 135 BCE - ?)’s ''Tianguan shu'' (''Book of Heaven Officials'', 天官書), only ''Hegu'' is mentioned and not the Flag, suggesting that the latter was added later. The name ''Gu-Qi'' implies a close association with ''Hegu'', and the Shi school treated the two as a related group of asterisms. However, ''Guqi'' was renamed ''Youqi'' (Right Flag, 右旗) in later times to maintain symmetry since the Gan school introduced the asterism ''Zuoqi'' (Left Flag, 左旗).<br /> <br /> Ancient banners differed significantly from modern ones and were divided into multiple categories. In the pre-Qin (before 220 BCE) period, nine types were distinguished. The ''Zhōu lǐ'' (''Rites of Zhou'', 周禮) describes a system of nine banners (''jiǔ qí''):<br /> <br /> (1) ''Cháng''常 (bearing the sun and moon),<br /> <br /> (2) ''Qí''旂 (with intertwined dragons),<br /> <br /> (3) ''Zhān''旜 (plain silk banner),<br /> <br /> (4) ''Wù''物 (variegated silk),<br /> <br /> (5) ''Qí''旗 (with bears and tigers),<br /> <br /> (6) ''Yú''旟 (with birds),<br /> <br /> (7) ''Zhào''旐 (with tortoise and serpent),<br /> <br /> (8) ''Suì'' 旞 (with full feathers),<br /> <br /> (9) ''Jīng'' (with split feathers)  <br /> <br /> The Han dynasty(202 BCE - 220 CE) system may have differed somewhat. Structurally, the “''Qí''旗” consisted of a pole (''gān''竿), the main cloth panel (''shān''縿), a long streamer (''yóu''斿) attached at the top , and a serrated fringe along the side edge. &lt;ref&gt;Sun Ji孙机. Handai wuzhi wenhua ziliao tushuo（xiuding ben）汉代物质文化资料图说（修订本）. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju. 2020. Pp. 187-191.&lt;/ref&gt; A mural in the Beiyuan Han tomb at Liaoyang, Liaoning, depicts such flags mounted atop a tower pavilion (Fig 2 and Fig 3).<br /> <br /> === Identification of stars ===<br /> In contrast to the bright and stable asterism Hegu, whose identification never changed, ''Guqi (Drum Flag)or Youqi'' (Right Flag) underwent several revisions. Nevertheless, it consistently included δ Aquilae as its most bright star and sometimes the determinative star.<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Star Names or Orders(Qing)<br /> !Ho PENG YOKE&lt;ref&gt;P.-Y. Ho, “Ancient And Mediaeval Observations of Comets and Novae in Chinese Sources,” ''Vistas in Astronomy'', 5(1962), 127-225.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> !Yi Shitong&lt;ref&gt;Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56-57.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Based on catalogue in 18th century<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p220-226.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p435-443.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty<br /> !SUN X. &amp; J. Kistemaker&lt;ref&gt;Sun Xiaochun. &amp; Kistemaker J. ''The Chinese sky during the Han''. Leiden: Brill. 1997, Pp241-6.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Han Dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> before Tang Dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang<br /> Tang Dynasty(8th century)<br /> !'''Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;'''<br /> Song Huangyou(1052)<br /> |-<br /> | 1st<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | mu Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | mu Aql (determinative)<br /> | mu Aql(determinative)<br /> | mu Aql<br /> |del Aql<br /> |-<br /> | 2nd<br /> | mu Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> |mu Aql<br /> |-<br /> | 3rd<br /> | del Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | upsilon Aql<br /> | mu Aql<br /> | 22 Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> |sigma Aql<br /> |-<br /> |4th<br /> | nu Aql<br /> | nu Aql<br /> | mu Aql<br /> | 22 Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | nu Aql<br /> | 23 Aql<br /> |23 Aql<br /> |-<br /> |5th<br /> |HIP 95886<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |22 Aql<br /> |21 Aql<br /> |21 Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |nu Aql<br /> |nu Aql<br /> |-<br /> |6th<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |HIP 96392<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |nu Aql<br /> |23 Aql<br /> |eta Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |45 Aql<br /> |-<br /> |7th<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |nu Aql<br /> |theta Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |-<br /> |8th<br /> |kappa Aql<br /> |kappa Aql<br /> |26 Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |69 Aql<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |-<br /> |9th<br /> |57 Aql<br /> |56 Aql<br /> |kappa Aql<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |Hip 101345<br /> |kappa Aql<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Maps (Gallery) ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !historical map<br /> !modern identification<br /> !same in Stellarium<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.jpg|thumb|'''Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in ''Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido''''']]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi before Tang Dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang（2023）.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi before Tang Dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang（2023）]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi before Tang Dynasty in Stellarium.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi before Tang Dynasty in Stellarium]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Gezi yuejin tu.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in ''Gezi yuejin tu'']]<br /> |<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Tang Dynasty(8th Century) in Stellarium reconstructed by Boshun Yang.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Tang Dynasty(8th Century) in Stellarium reconstructed by Boshun Yang]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Xin yixiang fayao.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in ''Xin yixiang fayao'' Star Map]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai（2009）.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai（2009）]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Pan Nai.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Pan Nai]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Suzhou Star Map.jpg|thumb|'''Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Suzhou Star Map''']]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Boshun Yang.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Boshun Yang]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Yixiang kaocheng Star Map (18th century).jpeg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in ''Yixiang kaocheng'' Star Map (18th century)]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in 18th century reconstructed by YI Shitong（1981）.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in 18th century reconstructed by YI Shitong（1981）]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in 18th century in Stellarium.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in 18th century in Stellarium]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> == IAU Working Group on Star Names ==<br /> In 2026, the name of the historical constellation Gǔ Qí (Drum Flag, 鼓旗), which is also called ''Youqi'' (Right Flag, 右旗), was suggested to be used for one of the stars in this constellation. Guqi ''(Drum Flag)or Youqi'' (Right Flag) underwent several revisions, nevertheless, it consistently included δ Aquilae as its most bright star and sometimes the determinative star. So it is the best star for this constellation.<br /> <br /> Decision: ... <br /> <br /> ==References ==<br /> [[References (Chinese)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[Category:Asterism ]]<br /> [[Category:Constellation ]]<br /> [[Category:Eurasia]]<br /> [[Category:East Asian]]<br /> [[Category:Chinese ]]</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Guqi&diff=39581 2026-03-05T13:35:06Z

<p>Boshunyang: /* Identification of stars */</p> <hr /> <div>{{DISPLAYTITLE: Guqi (鼓旗)}}<br /> Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----<br /> <br /> Gǔ Qí (Drum Flag, 鼓旗) is a Chinese asterism consisting of nine stars located in the modern constellation ''[[Aquila]]''. It originated no later than about 100 BCE and lies to the right of ''Hé Gǔ'' (Drum at the River, 河鼓).<br /> == Concordance, Etymology, History ==<br /> Drums and Flags were instruments used by ancient armies to transmit signals and direct combat. The ''Sunzi bingfa'' (''Art of War'', 孫子兵法) states:&lt;blockquote&gt;“The ''Military Regulations'' says: ‘If speech cannot be heard, use (metal) gongs and drums; if sight cannot reach, use banners and flags.’ Gongs and drums, banners and flags, are the means by which people’s eyes and ears are unified. When the troops are unified, the brave cannot advance alone and the timid cannot retreat alone—this is the method of employing the masses. Therefore, night battles rely on gongs and drums, and day battles on banners and flags, thereby transforming the soldiers’ senses.”[[File:Shang-dynasty bronze drum with divine-figure motif, in the collection of the Sen-oku Hakukokan Museum, Japan.jpg|thumb|'''Fig 1. Shang-dynasty bronze drum with divine-figure motif, in the collection of the Sen-oku Hakukokan Museum, Japan''']][[File:Mural from Tomb No. 1 at Beiyuan, Liaoyang, Liaoning Province (3rd century).jpg|thumb|'''Fig 2. Mural from Tomb No. 1 at Beiyuan, Liaoyang, Liaoning Province (3rd century)''']][[File:Line drawing of the Mural from Tomb No. 1 at Beiyuan, Liaoyang, Liaoning Province (3rd century), exhibited in the Liaoyang Museum.jpg|thumb|'''Fig 3. Line drawing of the Mural from Tomb No. 1 at Beiyuan, Liaoyang, Liaoning Province (3rd century), exhibited in the Liaoyang Museum.''' The flags are above Tower Pavilion.]]&lt;/blockquote&gt;In the name He-Gu, ''Gu'' refers to the great war drum, while ''He'' denotes the Heavenly River (the Milky Way), indicating its position besides the Milky Way. The drum was not merely a musical instrument but a military command device and a means of encouraging morale: drums signaled attack, whereas metal gongs signaled withdrawal or defensive formation. Archaeological proof indicates that drums had already existed at least by the Shang Dynasty (Fig. 1).<br /> <br /> In Sima Qian(145 or 135 BCE - ?)’s ''Tianguan shu'' (''Book of Heaven Officials'', 天官書), only ''Hegu'' is mentioned and not the Flag, suggesting that the latter was added later. The name ''Gu-Qi'' implies a close association with ''Hegu'', and the Shi school treated the two as a related group of asterisms. However, ''Guqi'' was renamed ''Youqi'' (Right Flag, 右旗) in later times to maintain symmetry since the Gan school introduced the asterism ''Zuoqi'' (Left Flag, 左旗).<br /> <br /> Ancient banners differed significantly from modern ones and were divided into multiple categories. In the pre-Qin (before 220 BCE) period, nine types were distinguished. The ''Zhōu lǐ'' (''Rites of Zhou'', 周禮) describes a system of nine banners (''jiǔ qí''):<br /> <br /> (1) ''Cháng''常 (bearing the sun and moon),<br /> <br /> (2) ''Qí''旂 (with intertwined dragons),<br /> <br /> (3) ''Zhān''旜 (plain silk banner),<br /> <br /> (4) ''Wù''物 (variegated silk),<br /> <br /> (5) ''Qí''旗 (with bears and tigers),<br /> <br /> (6) ''Yú''旟 (with birds),<br /> <br /> (7) ''Zhào''旐 (with tortoise and serpent),<br /> <br /> (8) ''Suì'' 旞 (with full feathers),<br /> <br /> (9) ''Jīng'' (with split feathers)  <br /> <br /> The Han dynasty(202 BCE - 220 CE) system may have differed somewhat. Structurally, the “''Qí''旗” consisted of a pole (''gān''竿), the main cloth panel (''shān''縿), a long streamer (''yóu''斿) attached at the top , and a serrated fringe along the side edge. &lt;ref&gt;Sun Ji孙机. Handai wuzhi wenhua ziliao tushuo（xiuding ben）汉代物质文化资料图说（修订本）. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju. 2020. Pp. 187-191.&lt;/ref&gt; A mural in the Beiyuan Han tomb at Liaoyang, Liaoning, depicts such flags mounted atop a tower pavilion (Fig 2 and Fig 3).<br /> <br /> === Identification of stars ===<br /> In contrast to the bright and stable asterism Hegu, whose identification never changed, ''Guqi (Drum Flag)or Youqi'' (Right Flag) underwent several revisions. Nevertheless, it consistently included δ Aquilae as its most bright star and sometimes the determinative star.<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Star Names or Orders(Qing)<br /> !Ho PENG YOKE&lt;ref&gt;P.-Y. Ho, “Ancient And Mediaeval Observations of Comets and Novae in Chinese Sources,” ''Vistas in Astronomy'', 5(1962), 127-225.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> !Yi Shitong&lt;ref&gt;Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56-57.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Based on catalogue in 18th century<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p220-226.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p435-443.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty<br /> !SUN X. &amp; J. Kistemaker&lt;ref&gt;Sun Xiaochun. &amp; Kistemaker J. ''The Chinese sky during the Han''. Leiden: Brill. 1997, Pp241-6.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Han Dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> before Tang Dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang<br /> Tang Dynasty(8th century)<br /> !'''Boshun Yang'''<br /> Song Huangyou(1052)<br /> |-<br /> | 1st<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | mu Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | mu Aql (determinative)<br /> | mu Aql(determinative)<br /> | mu Aql<br /> |del Aql<br /> |-<br /> | 2nd<br /> | mu Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> |mu Aql<br /> |-<br /> | 3rd<br /> | del Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | upsilon Aql<br /> | mu Aql<br /> | 22 Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> |sigma Aql<br /> |-<br /> |4th<br /> | nu Aql<br /> | nu Aql<br /> | mu Aql<br /> | 22 Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | nu Aql<br /> | 23 Aql<br /> |23 Aql<br /> |-<br /> |5th<br /> |HIP 95886<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |22 Aql<br /> |21 Aql<br /> |21 Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |nu Aql<br /> |nu Aql<br /> |-<br /> |6th<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |HIP 96392<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |nu Aql<br /> |23 Aql<br /> |eta Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |45 Aql<br /> |-<br /> |7th<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |nu Aql<br /> |theta Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |-<br /> |8th<br /> |kappa Aql<br /> |kappa Aql<br /> |26 Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |69 Aql<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |-<br /> |9th<br /> |57 Aql<br /> |56 Aql<br /> |kappa Aql<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |Hip 101345<br /> |kappa Aql<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Maps (Gallery) ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !historical map<br /> !modern identification<br /> !same in Stellarium<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.jpg|thumb|'''Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in ''Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido''''']]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi before Tang Dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang（2023）.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi before Tang Dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang（2023）]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi before Tang Dynasty in Stellarium.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi before Tang Dynasty in Stellarium]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Gezi yuejin tu.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in ''Gezi yuejin tu'']]<br /> |<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Tang Dynasty(8th Century) in Stellarium reconstructed by Boshun Yang.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Tang Dynasty(8th Century) in Stellarium reconstructed by Boshun Yang]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Xin yixiang fayao.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in ''Xin yixiang fayao'' Star Map]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai（2009）.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai（2009）]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Pan Nai.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Pan Nai]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Suzhou Star Map.jpg|thumb|'''Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Suzhou Star Map''']]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Boshun Yang.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Boshun Yang]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Yixiang kaocheng Star Map (18th century).jpeg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in ''Yixiang kaocheng'' Star Map (18th century)]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in 18th century reconstructed by YI Shitong（1981）.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in 18th century reconstructed by YI Shitong（1981）]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in 18th century in Stellarium.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in 18th century in Stellarium]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> == IAU Working Group on Star Names ==<br /> In 2026, the name of the historical constellation Gǔ Qí (Drum Flag, 鼓旗), which is also called ''Youqi'' (Right Flag, 右旗), was suggested to be used for one of the stars in this constellation. Guqi ''(Drum Flag)or Youqi'' (Right Flag) underwent several revisions, nevertheless, it consistently included δ Aquilae as its most bright star and sometimes the determinative star. So it is the best star for this constellation.<br /> <br /> Decision: ... <br /> <br /> ==References ==<br /> [[References (Chinese)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[Category:Asterism ]]<br /> [[Category:Constellation ]]<br /> [[Category:Eurasia]]<br /> [[Category:East Asian]]<br /> [[Category:Chinese ]]</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Guqi&diff=39580 2026-03-05T13:32:02Z

<p>Boshunyang: /* IAU Working Group on Star Names */</p> <hr /> <div>{{DISPLAYTITLE: Guqi (鼓旗)}}<br /> Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----<br /> <br /> Gǔ Qí (Drum Flag, 鼓旗) is a Chinese asterism consisting of nine stars located in the modern constellation ''[[Aquila]]''. It originated no later than about 100 BCE and lies to the right of ''Hé Gǔ'' (Drum at the River, 河鼓).<br /> == Concordance, Etymology, History ==<br /> Drums and Flags were instruments used by ancient armies to transmit signals and direct combat. The ''Sunzi bingfa'' (''Art of War'', 孫子兵法) states:&lt;blockquote&gt;“The ''Military Regulations'' says: ‘If speech cannot be heard, use (metal) gongs and drums; if sight cannot reach, use banners and flags.’ Gongs and drums, banners and flags, are the means by which people’s eyes and ears are unified. When the troops are unified, the brave cannot advance alone and the timid cannot retreat alone—this is the method of employing the masses. Therefore, night battles rely on gongs and drums, and day battles on banners and flags, thereby transforming the soldiers’ senses.”[[File:Shang-dynasty bronze drum with divine-figure motif, in the collection of the Sen-oku Hakukokan Museum, Japan.jpg|thumb|'''Fig 1. Shang-dynasty bronze drum with divine-figure motif, in the collection of the Sen-oku Hakukokan Museum, Japan''']][[File:Mural from Tomb No. 1 at Beiyuan, Liaoyang, Liaoning Province (3rd century).jpg|thumb|'''Fig 2. Mural from Tomb No. 1 at Beiyuan, Liaoyang, Liaoning Province (3rd century)''']][[File:Line drawing of the Mural from Tomb No. 1 at Beiyuan, Liaoyang, Liaoning Province (3rd century), exhibited in the Liaoyang Museum.jpg|thumb|'''Fig 3. Line drawing of the Mural from Tomb No. 1 at Beiyuan, Liaoyang, Liaoning Province (3rd century), exhibited in the Liaoyang Museum.''' The flags are above Tower Pavilion.]]&lt;/blockquote&gt;In the name He-Gu, ''Gu'' refers to the great war drum, while ''He'' denotes the Heavenly River (the Milky Way), indicating its position besides the Milky Way. The drum was not merely a musical instrument but a military command device and a means of encouraging morale: drums signaled attack, whereas metal gongs signaled withdrawal or defensive formation. Archaeological proof indicates that drums had already existed at least by the Shang Dynasty (Fig. 1).<br /> <br /> In Sima Qian(145 or 135 BCE - ?)’s ''Tianguan shu'' (''Book of Heaven Officials'', 天官書), only ''Hegu'' is mentioned and not the Flag, suggesting that the latter was added later. The name ''Gu-Qi'' implies a close association with ''Hegu'', and the Shi school treated the two as a related group of asterisms. However, ''Guqi'' was renamed ''Youqi'' (Right Flag, 右旗) in later times to maintain symmetry since the Gan school introduced the asterism ''Zuoqi'' (Left Flag, 左旗).<br /> <br /> Ancient banners differed significantly from modern ones and were divided into multiple categories. In the pre-Qin (before 220 BCE) period, nine types were distinguished. The ''Zhōu lǐ'' (''Rites of Zhou'', 周禮) describes a system of nine banners (''jiǔ qí''):<br /> <br /> (1) ''Cháng''常 (bearing the sun and moon),<br /> <br /> (2) ''Qí''旂 (with intertwined dragons),<br /> <br /> (3) ''Zhān''旜 (plain silk banner),<br /> <br /> (4) ''Wù''物 (variegated silk),<br /> <br /> (5) ''Qí''旗 (with bears and tigers),<br /> <br /> (6) ''Yú''旟 (with birds),<br /> <br /> (7) ''Zhào''旐 (with tortoise and serpent),<br /> <br /> (8) ''Suì'' 旞 (with full feathers),<br /> <br /> (9) ''Jīng'' (with split feathers)  <br /> <br /> The Han dynasty(202 BCE - 220 CE) system may have differed somewhat. Structurally, the “''Qí''旗” consisted of a pole (''gān''竿), the main cloth panel (''shān''縿), a long streamer (''yóu''斿) attached at the top , and a serrated fringe along the side edge. &lt;ref&gt;Sun Ji孙机. Handai wuzhi wenhua ziliao tushuo（xiuding ben）汉代物质文化资料图说（修订本）. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju. 2020. Pp. 187-191.&lt;/ref&gt; A mural in the Beiyuan Han tomb at Liaoyang, Liaoning, depicts such flags mounted atop a tower pavilion (Fig 2 and Fig 3).<br /> <br /> === Identification of stars ===<br /> In contrast to the bright and stable asterism Hegu, whose identification never changed, ''Guqi (Drum Flag)or Youqi'' (Right Flag) underwent several revisions. Nevertheless, it consistently included δ Aquilae as its most bright star and sometimes the determinative star.<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Star Names or Orders(Qing)<br /> !Ho PENG YOKE&lt;ref&gt;P.-Y. Ho, “Ancient And Mediaeval Observations of Comets and Novae in Chinese Sources,” ''Vistas in Astronomy'', 5(1962), 127-225.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> !Yi Shitong&lt;ref&gt;Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56-57.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Based on catalogue in 18th century<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p220-226.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p435-443.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty<br /> !SUN X. &amp; J. Kistemaker&lt;ref&gt;Sun Xiaochun. &amp; Kistemaker J. ''The Chinese sky during the Han''. Leiden: Brill. 1997, Pp241-6.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Han Dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> before Tang Dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang<br /> Tang Dynasty(8th century)<br /> !'''Boshun Yang'''<br /> Song Huangyou(1052)<br /> |-<br /> | 1st<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | mu Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | mu Aql<br /> | mu Aql<br /> | mu Aql<br /> |del Aql<br /> |-<br /> | 2nd<br /> | mu Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> | sigma Aql<br /> |mu Aql<br /> |-<br /> | 3rd<br /> | del Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | upsilon Aql<br /> | mu Aql<br /> | 22 Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> |sigma Aql<br /> |-<br /> |4th<br /> | nu Aql<br /> | nu Aql<br /> | mu Aql<br /> | 22 Aql<br /> | del Aql<br /> | nu Aql<br /> | 23 Aql<br /> |23 Aql<br /> |-<br /> |5th<br /> |HIP 95886<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |22 Aql<br /> |21 Aql<br /> |21 Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |nu Aql<br /> |nu Aql<br /> |-<br /> |6th<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |HIP 96392<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |nu Aql<br /> |23 Aql<br /> |eta Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |45 Aql<br /> |-<br /> |7th<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |nu Aql<br /> |theta Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |-<br /> |8th<br /> |kappa Aql<br /> |kappa Aql<br /> |26 Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |iota Aql<br /> |69 Aql<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |-<br /> |9th<br /> |57 Aql<br /> |56 Aql<br /> |kappa Aql<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |36 Aql<br /> |Hip 101345<br /> |kappa Aql<br /> |42 Aql<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Maps (Gallery) ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !historical map<br /> !modern identification<br /> !same in Stellarium<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.jpg|thumb|'''Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in ''Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido''''']]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi before Tang Dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang（2023）.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi before Tang Dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang（2023）]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi before Tang Dynasty in Stellarium.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi before Tang Dynasty in Stellarium]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Gezi yuejin tu.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in ''Gezi yuejin tu'']]<br /> |<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Tang Dynasty(8th Century) in Stellarium reconstructed by Boshun Yang.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Tang Dynasty(8th Century) in Stellarium reconstructed by Boshun Yang]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Xin yixiang fayao.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in ''Xin yixiang fayao'' Star Map]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai（2009）.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai（2009）]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Pan Nai.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Pan Nai]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Suzhou Star Map.jpg|thumb|'''Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Suzhou Star Map''']]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Boshun Yang.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Boshun Yang]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in Yixiang kaocheng Star Map (18th century).jpeg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in ''Yixiang kaocheng'' Star Map (18th century)]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in 18th century reconstructed by YI Shitong（1981）.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in 18th century reconstructed by YI Shitong（1981）]]<br /> |[[File:Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in 18th century in Stellarium.jpg|thumb|Hegu, Guqi(Youqi) and Zuoqi in 18th century in Stellarium]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> == IAU Working Group on Star Names ==<br /> In 2026, the name of the historical constellation Gǔ Qí (Drum Flag, 鼓旗), which is also called ''Youqi'' (Right Flag, 右旗), was suggested to be used for one of the stars in this constellation. Guqi ''(Drum Flag)or Youqi'' (Right Flag) underwent several revisions, nevertheless, it consistently included δ Aquilae as its most bright star and sometimes the determinative star. So it is the best star for this constellation.<br /> <br /> Decision: ... <br /> <br /> ==References ==<br /> [[References (Chinese)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[Category:Asterism ]]<br /> [[Category:Constellation ]]<br /> [[Category:Eurasia]]<br /> [[Category:East Asian]]<br /> [[Category:Chinese ]]</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Ping&diff=39576 2026-03-05T13:14:21Z

<p>Boshunyang: </p> <hr /> <div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:Ping (屏)}}<br /> Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----<br /> Píng (屏, Screen) is a Chinese constellation. Its meaning is a screen in front of a toilet. <br /> <br /> == Concordance, Etymology, History ==<br /> Ping (屏, Screen), Ce (廁, or Tiance 天廁, Celestial Toilet), and Shi (屎, or Tianshi 天矢, Celestial Excrement) are a group of semantically related constellations. Ping is the barrier in front of the Celestial Toilet. These three constellations were used for divining epidemics and diseases across the land.<br /> <br /> Public latrines in the pre-Qin period already followed certain standards regarding site selection and construction. The ''Mozi'' (''Mozi'', 墨子), in the chapter “Qízhì” (Flags, 旗幟), records:&lt;blockquote&gt;“Outside the roadway a screen wall should be built; thirty paces beyond it a circular enclosure is to be constructed, one ''zhang'' in height. This is to serve as the people’s latrine, with walls no less than twelve ''chi'' high.”&lt;/blockquote&gt;The term ''píng'' (屏, Screen) here refers to a screen wall used to enclose the latrine, while ''hùn'' (溷) was another ancient designation for a toilet.<br /> <br /> === Identification of stars ===<br /> Through out the history of imperial China, epsilon Lep is the determinative star in most times.<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Star Names or Orders(Qing)<br /> !Yi Shitong&lt;ref&gt;Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Based on catalogue in 18th century<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map<br /> !SUN X. &amp; J. Kistemaker&lt;ref&gt;Sun Xiaochun. &amp; Kistemaker J. ''The Chinese sky during the Han''. Leiden: Brill. 1997, Pp241-6.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Han Dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> before Tang dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> Song Huangyou(1052)<br /> |-<br /> | 1st/Determinative<br /> | mu Lep<br /> | epsilon Lep<br /> | epsilon Lep<br /> | epsilon Lep<br /> | epsilon Lep<br /> |-<br /> | 2nd<br /> | epsilon Lep<br /> | HIP 24927<br /> | mu Lep<br /> | mu Lep<br /> | mu Lep<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Maps (Gallery) ===<br /> The reconstruction of Ping (屏, Screen) is relatively consistent. Apart from Pan Nai's reconstruction based on the ''Xinyixiang Fayao''Star Map from the Song Dynasty, the results generally point to the two stars ε and μ Leporis. The table below only lists partial historical star charts from periods prior to the Tang Dynasty, the Song Dynasty, and the Qing Dynasty.<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !historical map<br /> !modern identification<br /> !same in Stellarium 24.4<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Ping in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.png|alt=Ping in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido|center|thumb|Ping in ''Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido'']]<br /> |[[File:Ping (Screen) before Tang dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang (2023).png|center|thumb|153x153px|Ping before Tang dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang (2023)]]<br /> |[[File:Ping (Screen) before Tang dynasty in Stellarium.png|center|thumb|Ping before Tang dynasty in Stellarium]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Ping (Screen) in Xinyixiang Fayao Star Map.png|center|thumb|Ping in ''Xinyixiang Fayao'' Star Map]]<br /> |[[File:Ping (Screen) in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai (2009).png|center|thumb|Ping in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai (2009)]]<br /> |[[File:Ping (Screen) in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Pan Nai.png|center|thumb|Ping in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Pan Nai]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Ping (Screen) in 18th Century Star Map.png|center|thumb|Ping in 18th Century Star Map]]<br /> |[[File:Ping (Screen) in 18th Century Reconstructed by YI Shitong (1981).png|center|thumb|Ping in 18th Century Reconstructed by YI Shitong (1981)]]<br /> |[[File:Ping (Screen) before Tang dynasty in Stellarium.png|center|thumb|Ping in 18th Century in Stellarium]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> == IAU Working Group on Star Names ==<br /> In 2026, the name of the historical constellation Píng (屏, Screen) was suggested to be used for one of the stars in this constellation. It could be either epsilon or mu Lep, for both have served as determinative star, though the former is more commonly used.<br /> <br /> Decision: ... <br /> <br /> ==References ==<br /> [[References (Chinese)]]<br /> <br /> &lt;references /&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Category:Asterism ]]<br /> [[Category:Constellation ]]<br /> [[Category:Eurasia]]<br /> [[Category:East Asian]]<br /> [[Category:Chinese ]]<br /> [[Category:Com]]<br /> [[Category:ComaStarCluster]]</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Bixiu&diff=39574 2026-03-05T13:03:38Z

<p>Boshunyang: /* Maps (Gallery) */</p> <hr /> <div>{{DISPLAYTITLE: Bixiu (畢宿)}}<br /> Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Bixiu in Stellarium.jpg|alt=Bixiu in Stellarium|thumb|'''Bixiu in Stellarium''']]<br /> Bì Xiù (Net Mansion/Lodge, 畢宿), or Bì ( Net, 畢), one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions, is the fifth mansion of the White Tiger of the West. It represents a long-handled hunting tool with a small mesh, used for catching hares or birds. It corresponds to eight stars in the constellation Taurus.<br /> <br /> == Concordance, Etymology, History==<br /> <br /> The shape of Bi was envisioned by ancient Chinese as a hare-catching net with a small mesh and a long handle. In astrology, it is used to govern matters like hunting rabbits or warfare in border regions.<br /> [[File:Lodge Bi, in the Western Han Tomb Mural, excavated in Xi'an, Shannxi Province, repainted by Xu Gang.jpg|alt=The rabbit represent the Pleiades， called Mao(昴, Hair) in China|thumb|'''Lodge Bi, in the Western Han Tomb Mural, excavated in Xi'an, Shannxi Province, repainted by Xu Gang''']]<br /> <br /> Bi and its surrounding celestial region were viewed as a battlefield on the frontier, with the Mao (昴, Pleiades) as the opposing force, and the border lying at the Tiān Jiē (Celestial Street, 天街). Bi itself is seen as a war chariot, used for hunting or warfare. Its brightest star, α Tau, is regarded as the Border General. Next to it is a star named Fù Ěr (附耳, Attached Ear, σ2 Tau), regarded as an auxiliary constellation to Bi, meaning &quot;whispering close to the ear&quot; or secret plotting.<br /> [[File:Lodge Bi, in the Eastern Han Tomb Mural, excavated in Qushuhao, Jingbian County, Shannxi Province.jpg|thumb|'''Lodge Bi, in the Eastern Han Tomb Mural, excavated in Qushuhao, Jingbian County, Shannxi Province.''' The rabbit represent the Pleiades, called Mao(昴, Hair) in China.]]<br /> <br /> === Identification of stars ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Star Names or Orders(Qing)<br /> !Yi Shitong&lt;ref&gt;Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Based on catalogue in 18th century<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p443.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> before Tang dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> Song Jingyou(1034)<br /> |-<br /> | 1st/determinative<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 2nd<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 3rd<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 4th<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 5th<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 6th<br /> | theta1 Tau<br /> | theta2 Tau<br /> | theta1 Tau<br /> | theta2 Tau<br /> | theta2 Tau<br /> |-<br /> |7th<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> |-<br /> |8th/Bixiuba(畢宿八, The eighth star of Bixiu)/Bibing(畢柄， The handle of Bi)<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> |-<br /> |Fu'er<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |}<br /> [[File:Hunting Scenery on Han painting Stone, collected in Shangqiu Museum, photo by Boshun Yang.jpg|thumb|Hunting Scenery on Han dynasty painting Stone, collected in Shangqiu Museum, photo by Boshun Yang]]<br /> <br /> === Maps (Gallery) ===<br /> &lt;gallery widths=&quot;200&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot; perrow=&quot;6&quot; caption=&quot;Bixiu (Bi)&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Bixiu in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.jpg|'''Bixiu in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido'''<br /> File:Bixiu in Dunhuang Star Map.jpg|'''Bixiu in Dunhuang Star Map'''<br /> File:Bixiu in Suzhou Star Map.jpg|'''Bixiu in Suzhou Star Map'''<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> == IAU Working Group on Star Names ==<br /> In 2026, the name of the historical constellation Bì Xiù (Net Mansion/Lodge, 畢宿) was suggested to be used for one of the stars in this constellation. Since the determinative star of Bixiu is ready named, we decide to use the propose the name Bixiuba(畢宿八, The eighth star of Bixiu) or Bibing(畢柄， The handle of Bi) to lambda Tau.<br /> <br /> Decision: ... <br /> <br /> ==References ==<br /> [[References (Chinese)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[Category:Asterism ]]<br /> [[Category:Constellation ]]<br /> [[Category:Eurasia]]<br /> [[Category:East Asian]]<br /> [[Category:Chinese ]]<br /> [[Category:Zodiac]]<br /> &lt;references /&gt;</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Bixiu&diff=39573 2026-03-05T13:02:48Z

<p>Boshunyang: /* Concordance, Etymology, History */</p> <hr /> <div>{{DISPLAYTITLE: Bixiu (畢宿)}}<br /> Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Bixiu in Stellarium.jpg|alt=Bixiu in Stellarium|thumb|'''Bixiu in Stellarium''']]<br /> Bì Xiù (Net Mansion/Lodge, 畢宿), or Bì ( Net, 畢), one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions, is the fifth mansion of the White Tiger of the West. It represents a long-handled hunting tool with a small mesh, used for catching hares or birds. It corresponds to eight stars in the constellation Taurus.<br /> <br /> == Concordance, Etymology, History==<br /> <br /> The shape of Bi was envisioned by ancient Chinese as a hare-catching net with a small mesh and a long handle. In astrology, it is used to govern matters like hunting rabbits or warfare in border regions.<br /> [[File:Lodge Bi, in the Western Han Tomb Mural, excavated in Xi'an, Shannxi Province, repainted by Xu Gang.jpg|alt=The rabbit represent the Pleiades， called Mao(昴, Hair) in China|thumb|'''Lodge Bi, in the Western Han Tomb Mural, excavated in Xi'an, Shannxi Province, repainted by Xu Gang''']]<br /> <br /> Bi and its surrounding celestial region were viewed as a battlefield on the frontier, with the Mao (昴, Pleiades) as the opposing force, and the border lying at the Tiān Jiē (Celestial Street, 天街). Bi itself is seen as a war chariot, used for hunting or warfare. Its brightest star, α Tau, is regarded as the Border General. Next to it is a star named Fù Ěr (附耳, Attached Ear, σ2 Tau), regarded as an auxiliary constellation to Bi, meaning &quot;whispering close to the ear&quot; or secret plotting.<br /> [[File:Lodge Bi, in the Eastern Han Tomb Mural, excavated in Qushuhao, Jingbian County, Shannxi Province.jpg|thumb|'''Lodge Bi, in the Eastern Han Tomb Mural, excavated in Qushuhao, Jingbian County, Shannxi Province.''' The rabbit represent the Pleiades, called Mao(昴, Hair) in China.]]<br /> <br /> === Identification of stars ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Star Names or Orders(Qing)<br /> !Yi Shitong&lt;ref&gt;Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Based on catalogue in 18th century<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p443.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> before Tang dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> Song Jingyou(1034)<br /> |-<br /> | 1st/determinative<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 2nd<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 3rd<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 4th<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 5th<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 6th<br /> | theta1 Tau<br /> | theta2 Tau<br /> | theta1 Tau<br /> | theta2 Tau<br /> | theta2 Tau<br /> |-<br /> |7th<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> |-<br /> |8th/Bixiuba(畢宿八, The eighth star of Bixiu)/Bibing(畢柄， The handle of Bi)<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> |-<br /> |Fu'er<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |}<br /> [[File:Hunting Scenery on Han painting Stone, collected in Shangqiu Museum, photo by Boshun Yang.jpg|thumb|Hunting Scenery on Han painting Stone, collected in Shangqiu Museum, photo by Boshun Yang]]<br /> <br /> === Maps (Gallery) ===<br /> &lt;gallery widths=&quot;200&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot; perrow=&quot;6&quot; caption=&quot;Bixiu (Bi)&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Bixiu in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.jpg|'''Bixiu in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido'''<br /> File:Bixiu in Dunhuang Star Map.jpg|'''Bixiu in Dunhuang Star Map'''<br /> File:Bixiu in Suzhou Star Map.jpg|'''Bixiu in Suzhou Star Map'''<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> == IAU Working Group on Star Names ==<br /> In 2026, the name of the historical constellation Bì Xiù (Net Mansion/Lodge, 畢宿) was suggested to be used for one of the stars in this constellation. Since the determinative star of Bixiu is ready named, we decide to use the propose the name Bixiuba(畢宿八, The eighth star of Bixiu) or Bibing(畢柄， The handle of Bi) to lambda Tau.<br /> <br /> Decision: ... <br /> <br /> ==References ==<br /> [[References (Chinese)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[Category:Asterism ]]<br /> [[Category:Constellation ]]<br /> [[Category:Eurasia]]<br /> [[Category:East Asian]]<br /> [[Category:Chinese ]]<br /> [[Category:Zodiac]]<br /> &lt;references /&gt;</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=File:Hunting_Scenery_on_Han_painting_Stone,_collected_in_Shangqiu_Museum,_photo_by_Boshun_Yang.jpg&diff=39572 2026-03-05T12:56:53Z

<p>Boshunyang: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> == Licensing ==<br /> {{PD-old}}</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=File:Lodge_Bi,_in_the_Eastern_Han_Tomb_Mural,_excavated_in_Qushuhao,_Jingbian_County,_Shannxi_Province.jpg&diff=39571 2026-03-05T12:56:36Z

<p>Boshunyang: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> == Licensing ==<br /> {{PD-old}}</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=File:Lodge_Bi,_in_the_Western_Han_Tomb_Mural,_excavated_in_Xi%27an,_Shannxi_Province,_repainted_by_Xu_Gang.jpg&diff=39570 2026-03-05T12:56:15Z

<p>Boshunyang: </p> <hr /> <div><br /> == Licensing ==<br /> {{cc-by-4.0}}</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Bixiu&diff=39569 2026-03-05T12:48:52Z

<p>Boshunyang: </p> <hr /> <div>{{DISPLAYTITLE: Bixiu (畢宿)}}<br /> Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Bixiu in Stellarium.jpg|alt=Bixiu in Stellarium|thumb|'''Bixiu in Stellarium''']]<br /> Bì Xiù (Net Mansion/Lodge, 畢宿), or Bì ( Net, 畢), one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions, is the fifth mansion of the White Tiger of the West. It represents a long-handled hunting tool with a small mesh, used for catching hares or birds. It corresponds to eight stars in the constellation Taurus.<br /> <br /> == Concordance, Etymology, History==<br /> <br /> The shape of Bi was envisioned by ancient Chinese as a hare-catching net with a small mesh and a long handle. In astrology, it is used to govern matters like hunting rabbits or warfare in border regions.<br /> <br /> Bi and its surrounding celestial region were viewed as a battlefield on the frontier, with the Mao (昴, Pleiades) as the opposing force, and the border lying at the Tiān Jiē (Celestial Street, 天街). Bi itself is seen as a war chariot, used for hunting or warfare. Its brightest star, α Tau, is regarded as the Border General. Next to it is a star named Fù Ěr (附耳, Attached Ear, σ2 Tau), regarded as an auxiliary constellation to Bi, meaning &quot;whispering close to the ear&quot; or secret plotting.<br /> <br /> === Identification of stars ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Star Names or Orders(Qing)<br /> !Yi Shitong&lt;ref&gt;Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Based on catalogue in 18th century<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p443.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> before Tang dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> Song Jingyou(1034)<br /> |-<br /> | 1st/determinative<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 2nd<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 3rd<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 4th<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 5th<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 6th<br /> | theta1 Tau<br /> | theta2 Tau<br /> | theta1 Tau<br /> | theta2 Tau<br /> | theta2 Tau<br /> |-<br /> |7th<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> |-<br /> |8th/Bixiuba(畢宿八, The eighth star of Bixiu)/Bibing(畢柄， The handle of Bi)<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> |-<br /> |Fu'er<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Maps (Gallery) ===<br /> &lt;gallery widths=&quot;200&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot; perrow=&quot;6&quot; caption=&quot;Bixiu (Bi)&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Bixiu in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.jpg|'''Bixiu in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido'''<br /> File:Bixiu in Dunhuang Star Map.jpg|'''Bixiu in Dunhuang Star Map'''<br /> File:Bixiu in Suzhou Star Map.jpg|'''Bixiu in Suzhou Star Map'''<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> == IAU Working Group on Star Names ==<br /> In 2026, the name of the historical constellation Bì Xiù (Net Mansion/Lodge, 畢宿) was suggested to be used for one of the stars in this constellation. Since the determinative star of Bixiu is ready named, we decide to use the propose the name Bixiuba(畢宿八, The eighth star of Bixiu) or Bibing(畢柄， The handle of Bi) to lambda Tau.<br /> <br /> Decision: ... <br /> <br /> ==References ==<br /> [[References (Chinese)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[Category:Asterism ]]<br /> [[Category:Constellation ]]<br /> [[Category:Eurasia]]<br /> [[Category:East Asian]]<br /> [[Category:Chinese ]]<br /> [[Category:Zodiac]]<br /> &lt;references /&gt;</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Qigong&diff=39562 2026-03-05T12:09:33Z

<p>Boshunyang: </p> <hr /> <div>{{DISPLAYTITLE: Qigong (七公)}}<br /> Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----<br /> ''Qī Gōng'' (Seven Excellencies, 七公) is a Chinese asterism composed of seven stars. Its configuration resembles that of ''[[Tianji]]'' (Celestial Discipline, 天紀), forming an east–west alignment that stretches across the modern constellations ''Hercules'', ''Corona Borealis'', and ''Boötes''. The coordinate of its determinative star was first measured in the Western Han period (around 100 BCE), indicating that the asterism has existed for at least twenty-one centuries. <br /> <br /> == Concordance, Etymology, History ==<br /> The name ''Qigong'' (“Seven Dukes”) refers to a group of high-ranking officials responsible for deliberation and judicial review. As explained in the ''Shì shi zan'' (Star Canon of Master Shi, 石氏星經):&lt;blockquote&gt;“The Seven Dukes deliberate on doubts and distinguish good from evil; they serve as the ministers who administer justice in Heaven.”&lt;/blockquote&gt;The asterism symbolically comprises the officials ''Sān Gōng'' (Three Excellencies，三公), ''Zuǒ Fǔ'' (Left Assistant，左辅), ''Yòu Bì'' (Right Aide，右弼), ''Qián Yí'' (Front Counselor，前疑), and ''Hòu Chéng'' (Rear Minister，后丞). Together they were imagined as adjudicating doubtful legal cases, examining punishments, and ensuring careful judicial deliberation. Astrological interpretation held that if the stars appeared orderly and bright, the laws of the state would be just and well administered; if they appeared irregular(in position or brightness), wrongful judgments and miscarriages of justice would increase.<br /> <br /> The ''Wei shu'' (Book of Wei, 魏書), juan 91 (“Treatise on Arts and Techniques”), explicitly associates ''Qī Gōng'' with ''Guàn Suǒ'' (Heavenly Prison, 貫索):&lt;blockquote&gt;“The Seven Dukes, seven stars, lie east of ''Zhāo Yáo'' and close to ''Guàn Suǒ''. ''Guàn Suǒ'' represents the celestial prison; when punishments and judgments lose their proper balance, the Seven Dukes deliberate and rectify injustices.”&lt;/blockquote&gt;In addition, the asterism ''Tiān Jì'' (Celestial Discipline, 天紀) lies immediately to the lower left of ''Qī Gōng''. Together, these three asterisms form a closely related symbolic complex representing the judicial institutions of Heaven.<br /> <br /> === Identification of stars ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Star Names or Orders(Qing)<br /> !Ho PENG YOKE&lt;ref&gt;P.-Y. Ho, “Ancient And Mediaeval Observations of Comets and Novae in Chinese Sources,” ''Vistas in Astronomy'', 5(1962), 127-225.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> !Yi Shitong&lt;ref&gt;Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Based on catalogue in 18th century<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p443.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty<br /> !SUN X. &amp; J. Kistemaker&lt;ref&gt;Sun Xiaochun. &amp; Kistemaker J. ''The Chinese sky during the Han''. Leiden: Brill. 1997, Pp241-6.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Han Dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> before Tang dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> Song Huangyou(1052)<br /> |-<br /> | 1st(determinative)<br /> | 42 Her<br /> | 42 Her<br /> | gamma Boo<br /> | del Boo<br /> | beta Boo<br /> | beta Boo<br /> | gamma Boo<br /> |-<br /> | 2nd<br /> | tau Her<br /> | tau Her<br /> | beta Boo<br /> | mu1 Boo<br /> | mu1 Boo<br /> | mu1 Boo<br /> | beta Boo<br /> |-<br /> | 3rd<br /> | phi Her<br /> | phi Her<br /> | mu1 Boo<br /> | zeta1 CrB<br /> | zeta1 CrB<br /> | zeta1 CrB<br /> | mu1 Boo<br /> |-<br /> |4th<br /> | chi Her<br /> | chi Her<br /> | gamma CrB<br /> | kappa CrB<br /> | kappa CrB<br /> | kappa CrB<br /> | zeta1 CrB<br /> |-<br /> |5th<br /> |nu1 Boo<br /> |nu1 Boo<br /> |25 Her<br /> |tau CrB<br /> |tau CrB<br /> |tau CrB<br /> |kappa CrB<br /> |-<br /> |6th<br /> |mu1 Boo<br /> |mu1 Boo<br /> |eta He<br /> |25 Her<br /> |<br /> |25 Her<br /> |tau CrB<br /> |-<br /> |7th<br /> |del Boo<br /> |del Boo<br /> |HIP 83947<br /> |eta Her<br /> |eta Her<br /> |eta Her<br /> |sigma Her<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Maps (Gallery) ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !historical map<br /> !modern identification<br /> !same in Stellarium<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Dunhuang Star Map.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Dunhuang Star Map]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang based on Dunhuang Star Map and Master Shi's Star Catalogue (about 100 BCE).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang(2023) based on Dunhuang Star Map and Master Shi's Star Catalogue (about 100 BCE)]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty reconstructed based on Dun Huang Star Map and Master Shi's Star Catalogue (about 100 BCE).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty reconstructed based on Dun Huang Star Map and Master Shi's Star Catalogue (about 100 BCE)]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in ''Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido'']]<br /> |<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty based on Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido (by Boshun Yang).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty based on ''Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido'' (by Boshun Yang)]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Gezi yuejin tu.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in ''Gezi yuejin tu'']]<br /> |<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai (in Stellarium).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai (in Stellarium)]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Xin yixiang fayao Star Map.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in ''Xin yixiang fayao'' Star Map]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai based on ''Xin yixiang fayao'' Star Map and Huangyou Star Catalogue]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Suzhou Star Map.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Suzhou Star Map]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang based on Suzhou Star Map and Huangyou Star Catalogue (about 1052 CE).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang(2023) based on Suzhou Star Map and Huangyou Star Catalogue (about 1052 CE)]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang(in Stellarium).jpg|thumb|'''Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang(in Stellarium)''']]<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |[[File:Qigong in Yuan dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang based on Tianwen huichao Star Catalogue (1360s).jpg|thumb|Qigong in Yuan dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang based on ''Tianwen huichao'' Star Catalogue (1360s)]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Yuan dynasty (1360s) in Stellarium.jpg|thumb|'''Qigong and Guansuo in Yuan dynasty (1360s) in Stellarium''']]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Yixiang kaocheng Stat Map (18th century).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in ''Yixiang kaocheng'' Stat Map (18th century)]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Qing dynasty reconstructed by YI Shitong based on Yixiang kaocheng Star Catalogue (18th century).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Qing dynasty reconstructed by YI Shitong based on ''Yixiang kaocheng'' Star Catalogue (18th century)]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Qing dynasty (18th century) in Stellarium.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Qing dynasty (18th century) in Stellarium]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> == IAU Working Group on Star Names ==<br /> In 2026, the name of the historical constellation Qī Gōng (Seven Excellencies, 七公) was suggested to be used for one of the stars in this constellation. The star delta Boo is the best choice for it for it is the brightest star and once a determinative star, and eta Her could be an alternative.<br /> <br /> Decision: ... <br /> <br /> ==References ==<br /> [[References (Chinese)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[Category:Asterism ]]<br /> [[Category:Constellation ]]<br /> [[Category:Eurasia]]<br /> [[Category:East Asian]]<br /> [[Category:Chinese ]]</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Ping&diff=39526 2026-03-04T12:42:45Z

<p>Boshunyang: </p> <hr /> <div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:Ping (屏)}}<br /> Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----<br /> Píng (屏, Screen) is a Chinese constellation. Its meaning is a screen in front of a toilet. <br /> <br /> == Concordance, Etymology, History ==<br /> Ping (屏), Ce (厕, or Tiance 天厕, Celestial Toilet), and Shi (屎, or Tianshi 天矢, Celestial Excrement) are a group of semantically related constellations. Ping is the barrier in front of the Celestial Toilet. These three constellations were used for divining epidemics and diseases across the land.<br /> <br /> === Identification of stars ===<br /> Through out the history of imperial China, epsilon Lep is the determinative star in most times.<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Star Names or Orders(Qing)<br /> !Yi Shitong&lt;ref&gt;Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Based on catalogue in 18th century<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map<br /> !SUN X. &amp; J. Kistemaker&lt;ref&gt;Sun Xiaochun. &amp; Kistemaker J. ''The Chinese sky during the Han''. Leiden: Brill. 1997, Pp241-6.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Han Dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> before Tang dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> Song Huangyou(1052)<br /> |-<br /> | 1st/Determinative<br /> | mu Lep<br /> | epsilon Lep<br /> | epsilon Lep<br /> | epsilon Lep<br /> | epsilon Lep<br /> |-<br /> | 2nd<br /> | epsilon Lep<br /> | HIP 24927<br /> | mu Lep<br /> | mu Lep<br /> | mu Lep<br /> |}<br /> <br /> == References ==<br /> [[References (Chinese)]]&lt;references /&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Category:Asterism ]]<br /> [[Category:Constellation ]]<br /> [[Category:Eurasia]]<br /> [[Category:East Asian]]<br /> [[Category:Chinese ]]<br /> [[Category:Com]]<br /> [[Category:ComaStarCluster]]</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Bixiu&diff=39525 2026-03-04T12:36:12Z

<p>Boshunyang: </p> <hr /> <div>{{DISPLAYTITLE: Bixiu (畢宿)}}<br /> Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Bixiu in Stellarium.jpg|alt=Bixiu in Stellarium|thumb|'''Bixiu in Stellarium''']]<br /> Bì Xiù (Net Mansion/Lodge, 畢宿), or Bì ( Net, 畢), one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions, is the fifth mansion of the White Tiger of the West. It represents a long-handled hunting tool with a small mesh, used for catching hares or birds. It corresponds to eight stars in the constellation Taurus.<br /> <br /> == Concordance, Etymology, History==<br /> <br /> The shape of Bi was envisioned by ancient Chinese as a hare-catching net with a small mesh and a long handle. In astrology, it is used to govern matters like hunting rabbits or warfare in border regions.<br /> <br /> Bi and its surrounding celestial region were viewed as a battlefield on the frontier, with the Mao (昴, Pleiades) as the opposing force, and the border lying at the Tiān Jiē (Celestial Street, 天街). Bi itself is seen as a war chariot, used for hunting or warfare. Its brightest star, α Tau, is regarded as the Border General. Next to it is a star named Fù Ěr (附耳, Attached Ear, σ2 Tau), regarded as an auxiliary constellation to Bi, meaning &quot;whispering close to the ear&quot; or secret plotting.<br /> <br /> === Identification of stars ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Star Names or Orders(Qing)<br /> !Yi Shitong&lt;ref&gt;Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Based on catalogue in 18th century<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p443.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> before Tang dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> Song Jingyou(1034)<br /> |-<br /> | 1st/determinative<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 2nd<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 3rd<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 4th<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 5th<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 6th<br /> | theta1 Tau<br /> | theta2 Tau<br /> | theta1 Tau<br /> | theta2 Tau<br /> | theta2 Tau<br /> |-<br /> |7th<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> |-<br /> |8th<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> |-<br /> |Fu'er<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Maps (Gallery) ===<br /> &lt;gallery widths=&quot;200&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot; perrow=&quot;6&quot; caption=&quot;Bixiu (Bi)&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Bixiu in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.jpg|'''Bixiu in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido'''<br /> File:Bixiu in Dunhuang Star Map.jpg|'''Bixiu in Dunhuang Star Map'''<br /> File:Bixiu in Suzhou Star Map.jpg|'''Bixiu in Suzhou Star Map'''<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> == References==<br /> <br /> <br /> [[Category:Asterism ]]<br /> [[Category:Constellation ]]<br /> [[Category:Eurasia]]<br /> [[Category:East Asian]]<br /> [[Category:Chinese ]]<br /> [[Category:Zodiac]]<br /> &lt;references /&gt;</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Bixiu&diff=39524 2026-03-04T12:26:57Z

<p>Boshunyang: </p> <hr /> <div>{{DISPLAYTITLE: Bixiu (毕宿)}}<br /> Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Bixiu in Stellarium.jpg|alt=Bixiu in Stellarium|thumb|'''Bixiu in Stellarium''']]<br /> Bì Xiù (Net Mansion/Lodge, 畢宿), or Bì ( Net, 畢), one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions, is the fifth mansion of the White Tiger of the West. It represents a long-handled hunting tool with a small mesh, used for catching hares or birds. It corresponds to eight stars in the constellation Taurus.<br /> <br /> == Concordance, Etymology, History==<br /> <br /> The shape of Bi was envisioned by ancient Chinese as a hare-catching net with a small mesh and a long handle. In astrology, it is used to govern matters like hunting rabbits or warfare in border regions.<br /> <br /> Bi and its surrounding celestial region were viewed as a battlefield on the frontier, with the Mao (昴, Pleiades) as the opposing force, and the border lying at the Tiān Jiē (Celestial Street, 天街). Bi itself is seen as a war chariot, used for hunting or warfare. Its brightest star, α Tau, is regarded as the Border General. Next to it is a star named Fù Ěr (附耳, Attached Ear, σ2 Tau), regarded as an auxiliary constellation to Bi, meaning &quot;whispering close to the ear&quot; or secret plotting.<br /> <br /> === Identification of stars ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Star Names or Orders(Qing)<br /> !Yi Shitong&lt;ref&gt;Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Based on catalogue in 18th century<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p443.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> before Tang dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> Song Jingyou(1034)<br /> |-<br /> | 1st/determinative<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 2nd<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 3rd<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 4th<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 5th<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 6th<br /> | theta1 Tau<br /> | theta2 Tau<br /> | theta1 Tau<br /> | theta2 Tau<br /> | theta2 Tau<br /> |-<br /> |7th<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> |-<br /> |8th<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> |-<br /> |Fu'er<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Maps (Gallery) ===<br /> &lt;gallery widths=&quot;200&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot; perrow=&quot;6&quot; caption=&quot;Bixiu (Bi)&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Bixiu in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.jpg|'''Bixiu in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido'''<br /> File:Bixiu in Dunhuang Star Map.jpg|'''Bixiu in Dunhuang Star Map'''<br /> File:Bixiu in Suzhou Star Map.jpg|'''Bixiu in Suzhou Star Map'''<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> == References==<br /> <br /> <br /> [[Category:Asterism ]]<br /> [[Category:Constellation ]]<br /> [[Category:Eurasia]]<br /> [[Category:East Asian]]<br /> [[Category:Chinese ]]<br /> [[Category:Zodiac]]<br /> &lt;references /&gt;</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Bixiu&diff=39523 2026-03-04T12:15:38Z

<p>Boshunyang: </p> <hr /> <div>{{DISPLAYTITLE: Bixiu (毕宿)}}<br /> Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----<br /> [[File:Bixiu in Stellarium.jpg|alt=Bixiu in Stellarium|thumb|'''Bixiu in Stellarium''']]<br /> Bì Xiù (Net Mansion/Lodge, 畢宿), or Bì ( Net, 畢), one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions, is the fifth mansion of the White Tiger of the West. It represents a long-handled hunting tool with a small mesh, used for catching hares or birds. It corresponds to eight stars in the constellation Taurus.<br /> <br /> == Concordance, Etymology, History==<br /> <br /> The shape of Bi was envisioned by ancient Chinese as a hare-catching net with a small mesh and a long handle. In astrology, it is used to govern matters like hunting rabbits or warfare in border regions.<br /> <br /> Bi and its surrounding celestial region were viewed as a battlefield on the frontier, with the Mao (昴, Pleiades) as the opposing force, and the border lying at the Tiān Jiē (Celestial Street, 天街). Bi itself is seen as a war chariot, used for hunting or warfare. Its brightest star, α Tau, is regarded as the Border General. Next to it is a star named Fù Ěr (附耳, Attached Ear, σ2 Tau), meaning &quot;whispering close to the ear&quot; or secret plotting.<br /> <br /> === Identification of stars ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Star Names or Orders(Qing)<br /> !Yi Shitong&lt;ref&gt;Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Based on catalogue in 18th century<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p443.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> before Tang dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> Song Jingyou(1034)<br /> |-<br /> | 1st/determinative<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> | epsilon Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 2nd<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> | delta3 Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 3rd<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> | delta1 Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 4th<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> | gamma Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 5th<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> | alf Tau<br /> |-<br /> | 6th<br /> | theta1 Tau<br /> | theta2 Tau<br /> | theta1 Tau<br /> | theta2 Tau<br /> | theta2 Tau<br /> |-<br /> |7th<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> | 71 Tau<br /> |-<br /> |8th<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> | lambda Tau<br /> |-<br /> |Fu'er<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |sigma2 Tau<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Maps (Gallery) ===<br /> &lt;gallery widths=&quot;200&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot; perrow=&quot;6&quot; caption=&quot;Bixiu (Bi)&quot;&gt;<br /> File:Bixiu in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.jpg|'''Bixiu in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido'''<br /> File:Bixiu in Dunhuang Star Map.jpg|'''Bixiu in Dunhuang Star Map'''<br /> File:Bixiu in Suzhou Star Map.jpg|'''Bixiu in Suzhou Star Map'''<br /> &lt;/gallery&gt;<br /> <br /> == References==<br /> <br /> <br /> [[Category:Asterism ]]<br /> [[Category:Constellation ]]<br /> [[Category:Eurasia]]<br /> [[Category:East Asian]]<br /> [[Category:Chinese ]]<br /> [[Category:Zodiac]]<br /> &lt;references /&gt;</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Chinese_(All_Terms)&diff=39522 2026-03-04T12:12:07Z

<p>Boshunyang: </p> <hr /> <div>Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----<br /> &lt;div style=&quot;float:right; margin:0 0 1em 1em;&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;youtube align=right&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d_Ml8wE3jSc&lt;/youtube&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> === Solar System Names ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> !Traditional Terms<br /> !Pinyin<br /> !Simplified<br /> !Wade-Giles<br /> !English<br /> !commentary<br /> |-<br /> |日 <br /> |rì<br /> |Ri<br /> |<br /> |Sun<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |月<br /> |yuè<br /> |[[Yue]]<br /> |<br /> |Moon<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |水星<br /> |shuǐ xīng<br /> |Shui Xing<br /> |<br /> |Mercury<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |金星<br /> |jīn xīng<br /> |Jin Ying<br /> |<br /> |Venus<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |火星<br /> |huǒ xīng<br /> |Huo Xing<br /> |<br /> |Mars<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |木星<br /> |mù xīng<br /> |Mu Xing<br /> |<br /> |Jupiter<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |土星<br /> |tǔ xīng<br /> |Tu Xing<br /> |<br /> |Saturn<br /> |<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Here is an overview on all Chinese constellation names ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Constellation Names<br /> ! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Romanisation<br /> !English<br /> !commentary<br /> |-<br /> !Classical<br /> !Simplified<br /> !Pinyin<br /> !Simplified<br /> !Wade-Giles<br /> !<br /> !<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |八穀 <br /> |Bā Gǔ<br /> |[[Bagu]]<br /> |<br /> |Eight Kinds of Crops<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |敗瓜 <br /> |Bài Guā<br /> |Baigua<br /> |<br /> |Rotten Gourd<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |敗臼 <br /> |Bài Jiù<br /> |Baijiu<br /> |<br /> |Decayed Mortar<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |八魁 <br /> |Bā Kuí<br /> |Bakui<br /> |<br /> |Net [for Catching Animals]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |北斗 <br /> |Běi Dǒu<br /> |Beidou<br /> |<br /> |Northern Dipper<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |北河 <br /> |Běi Hé<br /> |Beihei<br /> |<br /> |North River<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |北極 <br /> |Běi Jí<br /> |Beiji<br /> |<br /> |North Pole<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |北落師門 <br /> |Běi Luò Shī Mén<br /> |Beiluo Shimen<br /> |<br /> |North Gate of the Military Camp<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |壁宿 <br /> |Bì Xiù<br /> |Bi<br /> |<br /> |Wall Mansion<br /> |Dong Bi (Eastern Wall Mansion)<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |畢宿 <br /> |Bì Xiù<br /> |[[Bixiu|Bi]]<br /> |<br /> |Net Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |鱉 <br /> |Biē<br /> |Bie<br /> |<br /> |River Turtle<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |帛度 <br /> |Bó Dù<br /> |[[Bodu]]<br /> |<br /> |Textile Ruler<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |策 <br /> |Cè<br /> |[[Ce]]<br /> |<br /> |Whip<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |[[Cexing]]<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |modern star name<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |常陳 <br /> |Cháng Chén<br /> |Changchen<br /> |<br /> |Imperial Guards<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |長沙 <br /> |Chángshá<br /> |Changsha<br /> |<br /> |Changsha<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |长垣 <br /> |Cháng Yuán<br /> |Changyuan<br /> |<br /> |Long Wall<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |車府 <br /> |Chē Fǔ<br /> |Chefu<br /> |<br /> |Yard for Chariots<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |車騎 <br /> |Chē Qí<br /> |Cheqi<br /> |<br /> |Chariots and Cavalry<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |車肆 <br /> |Chē Sì<br /> |Chesi<br /> |<br /> |Commodity Market<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |杵 <br /> |Chǔ<br /> |Chu<br /> |<br /> |Pestle<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |楚 <br /> |Chǔ<br /> |Chu<br /> |<br /> |Chu<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |傳舍 <br /> |Chuán Shè<br /> |Chuanshe<br /> |<br /> |Guest House<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |芻蒿 <br /> |Chú Hāo<br /> |Chuhao<br /> |<br /> |Hay<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |從官 <br /> |Cóng Guān<br /> |Congguan<br /> |<br /> |Retinue<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天皇大帝 <br /> |Tiān Huáng Dà Dì<br /> |Dadi<br /> |<br /> |Great Emperor of Heaven<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |代 <br /> |Dài<br /> |Dai<br /> |<br /> |Dai<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |大角 <br /> |Dà Jiǎo<br /> |Dajiao<br /> |<br /> |Great Horn<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |大理 <br /> |Dà Lǐ<br /> |Dali<br /> |<br /> |Chief Judge<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |大陵 <br /> |Dà Líng<br /> |Daling<br /> |<br /> |Mausoleum<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |丹凤<br /> |<br /> |[[Danfeng]]<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |modern star name that refers to a sacred (phoenix-like) bird in Chinese mythology<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |氐宿 <br /> |Dī Xiù<br /> |Di <br /> |<br /> |Root Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |帝 <br /> |Dì<br /> |Di <br /> |<br /> |Emperor<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |帝座 <br /> |Dì Zuò<br /> |Dizuo<br /> |<br /> |Emperor's Seat<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |東甌 <br /> |Dōng Ōu<br /> |Dongou<br /> |<br /> |Dong'ou<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |東次相 <br /> |Dōng Cì Xiàng<br /> |Dong Cixiang<br /> |<br /> |Second Eastern Minister<br /> |normally a name for del Vir (Minelauva)<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |東次將 <br /> |Dōng Cì Jiàng<br /> |Dong Cijiang<br /> |<br /> |Second Eastern General<br /> |normally a name for eps Vir (Vindemiatrix)<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |東上將 <br /> |Dōng Shàng Jiàng<br /> |Dong Shangjiang<br /> |<br /> |First Eastern General<br /> |normally a name for alf Com (Diadem)<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |東上相 <br /> |Dōng Shàng Xiàng<br /> |Dong Shangxiang<br /> |<br /> |First Eastern Minister<br /> |normally a name for gam Vir (Porrima)<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |東咸 <br /> |Dōng Xián<br /> |Dongxian<br /> |<br /> |Eastern Door<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |斗宿 <br /> |Dǒu Xiù<br /> |Dou<br /> |<br /> |Dipper Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |斗 <br /> |Dǒu<br /> |Dou<br /> |<br /> |Measure for Grain<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |頓頑 <br /> |Dùn Wán<br /> |Dunwan<br /> |<br /> |Jailer<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |伐 <br /> |Fá<br /> |Fa<br /> |<br /> |Dagger of Shen<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |罰 <br /> |Fá<br /> |Fa<br /> |<br /> |Fine<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |房宿 <br /> |Fáng Xiù<br /> |[[Fang]]<br /> |<br /> |Room Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |墳墓 <br /> |Fén Mù<br /> |Fenmu<br /> |<br /> |Tomb<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |輔 <br /> |Fǔ<br /> |Fu<br /> |<br /> |Assistant<br /> |normally a name for 80 UMa that is named Alcor<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |附耳 <br /> |Fù Ěr<br /> |Fu'er<br /> |<br /> |Attached Ear<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |扶筐 <br /> |Fú Kuāng<br /> |Fukuang<br /> |<br /> |Basket for Mulberry Leaves<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |附路 <br /> |Fù Lù<br /> |[[Fulu]]<br /> |<br /> |Auxiliary Road<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |Furen<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |see [[Wei]] <br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |傅說 <br /> |Fù Yuè<br /> |[[Fuyue]]<br /> |<br /> |Fu Yue<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |鈇锧 <br /> |Fū Zhì<br /> |Fuzhi<br /> |<br /> |Executioner’s Axe and Block<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |蓋屋 <br /> |Gài Wū<br /> |Gaiwu<br /> |<br /> |Roofing<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |槓 <br /> |Gàng<br /> |[[Gang]]<br /> |<br /> |Canopy Shaft<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |閣道 <br /> |Gé Dào<br /> |Gedao<br /> |<br /> |Flying Corridor<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |梗河 <br /> |Gěng Hé<br /> |Genghe<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Shield or Lance<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |鈎<br /> |Gōu<br /> |Gou<br /> |<br /> |Hook<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |狗 <br /> |Gǒu<br /> |Gou<br /> |<br /> |Dog<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |勾陳<br /> |Gōu Chén<br /> |Gouchen<br /> |<br /> |Curved Array<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |狗國 <br /> |Gǒu Guó<br /> |Gougou<br /> |<br /> |Territory of Dogs<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |鈎鈐 <br /> |Gōu Yín<br /> |Gouyin<br /> |<br /> |Lock<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |爟 <br /> |Guàn<br /> |Guan<br /> |<br /> |Beacon Fire<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |貫索 <br /> |Guàn Suǒ<br /> |Guansuo<br /> |<br /> |Coiled Throng<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |龜 <br /> |Guī<br /> |Gui<br /> |<br /> |Tortoise<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |鬼宿 <br /> |Guǐ Xiù<br /> |Gui<br /> |<br /> |Ghosts Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |鼓旗 <br /> |Gŭ Qí<br /> |[[Guqi]]<br /> |<br /> |Drum Flag<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |韓 <br /> |Hán<br /> |Han<br /> |<br /> |Han<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |河鼓 <br /> |Hé Gǔ<br /> |Hegu<br /> |<br /> |Drum at the River<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |衡 <br /> |[[Heng|Héng]]<br /> |[[Heng]]<br /> |<br /> |Purlin<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |候 <br /> |Hòu<br /> |Hou<br /> |<br /> |Astrologer<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |後宮 <br /> |Hòu Gōng<br /> |Hougong<br /> |<br /> |Imperial Harem<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |斛 <br /> |Hú<br /> |Hu<br /> |<br /> |Square Box for Measuring<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |華蓋 <br /> |Huá Gài<br /> |[[Huagai]]<br /> |<br /> |Canopy of the Emperor<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |宦者 <br /> |Huàn Zhě<br /> |Huanzhe<br /> |<br /> |Eunuch Official<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |虎賁 <br /> |Hǔ Bēn<br /> |Huben<br /> |<br /> |Emperor's Bodyguard<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |瓠瓜 <br /> |Hù Guā<br /> |Hugua<br /> |<br /> |Gourd<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |弧矢 <br /> |Hú Shǐ<br /> |Hushi<br /> |<br /> |Bow and Arrow<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |箕宿 <br /> |Jī Xiù<br /> |Ji<br /> |<br /> |Winnowing Basket Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |建 <br /> |Jiàn<br /> |Jian<br /> |<br /> |City with A Banner<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |鍵閉 <br /> |Jiàn Bì<br /> |Jianbi<br /> |<br /> |Door Bolt<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |漸臺 <br /> |Jiàn Tái<br /> |Jiantai<br /> |<br /> |Clepsydra Terrace<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |角宿 <br /> |Jiǎo Xiù<br /> |Jiao<br /> |<br /> |Horn Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |晉 <br /> |Jìn<br /> |Jin <br /> |<br /> |Jin<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |井宿 <br /> |Jǐng Xiù<br /> |Jing<br /> |<br /> |Well Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |進賢 <br /> |Jìn Xián<br /> |JinXian<br /> |<br /> |Recommending Virtuous Man<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |積屍 <br /> |Jī Shī<br /> |Jishi<br /> |<br /> |Heaps of Corpses<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |積屍氣 <br /> |Jī Shī Qì<br /> |Jishiqi<br /> |<br /> |Fog of Cumulative Corpses<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |積水 <br /> |Jī Shuǐ or <br /> Jī Shǔi<br /> |[[Jishui]]<br /> |<br /> |&lt;nowiki&gt;Accumulated Water in the Ship | &lt;/nowiki&gt;<br /> Stored Water to Make Wine<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |臼 <br /> |Jiù<br /> |Jiu<br /> |<br /> |Mortar<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |九坎 <br /> |Jiǔ Kǎn<br /> |Jiukan<br /> |<br /> |Nine Water Wells<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |酒旗 <br /> |Jiǔ Qí<br /> |Jiuqi<br /> |<br /> |Banner of Wine Shop<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |九卿內座 <br /> |Jiǔ Qīng Nèi Zuò<br /> |Jiuqing Neizuo<br /> |<br /> |Inner Seats for Nine Ministers<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |九斿 <br /> |Jiǔ Yóu<br /> |Jiuyou<br /> |<br /> |Nine Flags<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |九州殊口 <br /> |Jiǔ Zhōu Shū Kǒu<br /> |Jiuzhou Shukou<br /> |<br /> |Interpreters of Dialects<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |積薪 <br /> |Jī Xīn<br /> |Jixin<br /> |<br /> |Pile of Firewood<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |積卒 <br /> |Jī Zú<br /> |Jizu<br /> |<br /> |Group of Soldiers<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |卷舌 <br /> |Juǎn Shé<br /> |Juanshe<br /> |<br /> |Rolled Tongue<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |軍井 <br /> |Jūn Jǐng<br /> |Junjing<br /> |<br /> |Military Well<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |軍門 <br /> |Jūn Mén<br /> |Junmen<br /> |<br /> |Military Gate<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |軍南門 <br /> |Jūn Nán Mén<br /> |[[Junnanmen]]<br /> |<br /> |Southern Military Gate<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |軍市 <br /> |Jūn Shì<br /> |Junshi<br /> |<br /> |Market for the Soldiers<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |糠 <br /> |Kāng<br /> |Kang<br /> |<br /> |Chaff<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |亢宿 <br /> |[[Kang|Kàng Xiù]]<br /> |[[Kang]]<br /> |<br /> |Neck Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |亢池 <br /> |Kàng Chí<br /> |Kangchi<br /> |<br /> |Boats and Lake<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |開陽 <br /> |Kāi Yáng<br /> |Kaiyang<br /> |<br /> |Opener of Heat<br /> |normally a name for zeta UMa that is named Mizar. 83 UMa is the brighter one of two in the vicinity (it is a pulsating M-variable)<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |哭 <br /> |Kū<br /> |Ku<br /> |<br /> |Crying<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |[[Kui|奎宿]]<br /> |[[Kui|Kuí Xiù]]<br /> |[[Kui]]<br /> |<br /> |Crotch Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |[[Kulou|庫樓]]<br /> |[[Kulou|Kù Lóu]]<br /> |[[Kulou]]<br /> |<br /> |Arsenal<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |狼 <br /> |Láng<br /> |Lang<br /> |<br /> |Wolf<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |郎將 <br /> |Láng Jiàng<br /> |Langjiang<br /> |<br /> |Captain of the Bodyguards<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |[[Langwei|郎位]]<br /> |[[Langwei|Láng Wèi]]<br /> |[[Langwei]]<br /> |<br /> |Official of the Imperial Guard<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |老人 <br /> |Lǎo Rén<br /> |Laoren<br /> |<br /> |Old Man<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |壘壁陣 <br /> |Lěi Bì Zhèn<br /> |Leibizhen<br /> |<br /> |Line of Ramparts<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |雷電 <br /> |Léi Diàn<br /> |Leidian<br /> |<br /> |Thunder and Lightning<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |列肆 <br /> |Liè Sì<br /> |Liesi<br /> |<br /> |Jewel Market<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |離宮 <br /> |Lí Gōng<br /> |Ligong<br /> |<br /> |Resting Palace<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |靈台 <br /> |Líng Tái<br /> |Lingtai<br /> |<br /> |Astronomical Observatory<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |礪石 <br /> |Lì Shí<br /> |Lishi<br /> |<br /> |Grind Stone<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |柳宿 <br /> |Liǔ Xiù<br /> |Liu<br /> |<br /> |Willow Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |六甲<br /> |Liù Jiǎ<br /> |Liujia<br /> |<br /> |Six Jia<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |璃瑜 <br /> |Lí Yú<br /> |Liyu<br /> |<br /> |Jade Ornament on Ladies' Wear<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |離珠 <br /> |Lí Zhū<br /> |Lizhu<br /> |<br /> |Pearls on Ladies' Wear<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |婁宿 <br /> |Lóu Xiù<br /> |Lou<br /> |<br /> |Basket Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |羅堰 <br /> |Luó Yàn<br /> |Luoyan<br /> |<br /> |Networks of Dikes<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |昴宿 <br /> |Mǎo Xiù<br /> |Mao<br /> |<br /> |Hairy Head Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |明堂 <br /> |Míng Táng<br /> |Mingtang<br /> |<br /> |Cosmological Temple<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |南河 <br /> |Nán Hé<br /> |Nanhe<br /> |<br /> |South River<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |南門 <br /> |Nán Mén<br /> |Nanmen<br /> |<br /> |Southern Gate<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |內廚 <br /> |Nèi Chú<br /> |Neichu<br /> |<br /> |Inner Kitchen<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |內階 <br /> |Nèi Jiē<br /> |Neijie<br /> |<br /> |Inner Steps<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |內屏 <br /> |Nèi Píng<br /> |Neiping<br /> |<br /> |Inner Screen<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |內平 <br /> |Nèi Píng<br /> |Neiping<br /> |<br /> |Inner Judge<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |內五諸侯 <br /> |Nèi Wǔ Zhū Hóu<br /> |Neiwu Zhuhou<br /> |<br /> |Five Lords of Heaven inside Taiwei<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |三公內座 <br /> |Sān Gōng Nèi Zuò<br /> |Neizuo<br /> |<br /> |Inner Seats for three Excellencies<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |輦道 <br /> |Niǎn Dào<br /> |Niandao<br /> |<br /> |Imperial Passageway<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |牛宿 <br /> |Niú Xiù<br /> |Niu<br /> |<br /> |Ox Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |钮 <br /> |Nĭu<br /> |Niu<br /> |<br /> |Pivot<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |農丈人 <br /> |Nóng Zhàng Rén<br /> |Nong Zhangren<br /> |<br /> |Old Peasant<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |女宿 <br /> |Nǚ Xiù<br /> |Nü<br /> |<br /> |Women Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |女床 <br /> |Nǚ Chuáng<br /> |[[Nüchuang]]<br /> |<br /> |Woman's Bed<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |女史 <br /> |Nǚ Shǐ<br /> |Nüshi<br /> |<br /> |Woman Officer in Charge of Time<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |霹靂 <br /> |Pī Lì<br /> |Pili<br /> |<br /> |Thunderbolt<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |Pin<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |see [[Wei]]<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |屏 <br /> |Píng<br /> |[[Ping]]<br /> |<br /> |Screen<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |平 <br /> |Píng<br /> |Ping<br /> |<br /> |Judge<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |平道 <br /> |Píng Dào<br /> |Pingdao<br /> |<br /> |Flat Road<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |齊 <br /> |Qí<br /> |Qi<br /> |<br /> |Qi<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |泣 <br /> |Qì<br /> |Qi<br /> |<br /> |Weeping<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |器府 <br /> |Qì Fǔ<br /> |Qifu<br /> |<br /> |House for Musical Instruments<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |七公 <br /> |Qī Gōng<br /> |[[Qigong]]<br /> |<br /> |Seven Excellencies<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |騎官 <br /> |Qí Guān<br /> |Qiguan<br /> |<br /> |Cavalry Officers<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |秦 <br /> |Qín<br /> |Qin<br /> |<br /> |Qin<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |青丘 <br /> |Qīng Qiū<br /> |Qingqiu<br /> |<br /> |Green Hill<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |騎陣將軍 <br /> |Qí Zhèn Jiāng Jūn<br /> |Qizhen Jiangjun<br /> |<br /> |Chariot and Cavalry General<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |闕丘 <br /> |Què Qiū<br /> |Queqiu<br /> |<br /> |Two Buildings on both Sides of Palace Gate<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |人 <br /> |Rén<br /> |Ren<br /> |<br /> |Humans<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |日 <br /> |Rì<br /> |Ri<br /> |<br /> |Sun<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |三公 <br /> |Sān Gōng<br /> |Sangong<br /> |<br /> |Three Excellencies<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |三台<br /> |<br /> |Santai<br /> |<br /> |Three Steps<br /> |super-constellation of [[Shangtai]], [[Xiatai]] and [[Zhnogtai|Zhongtai]]<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |上丞<br /> |Shàng Chéng<br /> |[[Shangcheng and Shaocheng|Shangcheng]]<br /> |<br /> |The Great Imperial Minister<br /> |modern star name<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |尚書 <br /> |Shàng Shū<br /> |Shangshu<br /> |<br /> |Royal Secretary<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |上台 <br /> |Shàng Tái<br /> |[[Shangtai]]<br /> |<br /> |Upper Step<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |上衛<br /> |Shàng Wèi<br /> |[[Shangwei]]<br /> |<br /> |The Great Imperial Guard<br /> |modern star name<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |少丞<br /> |Shào Chéng <br /> |[[Shangcheng and Shaocheng|Shaocheng]]<br /> |<br /> |The Second Imperial Minister<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |[[Taimin and Shaomin|少民]]<br /> |<br /> |[[Taimin and Shaomin|Shaomin]]<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |spelling variants: Shaoming = Shaomin = Tumin = Shangmin<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |少微 <br /> |Shào Wēi<br /> |Shaowei<br /> |<br /> |Scholar-officials<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |少衛<br /> |Shào Wèi <br /> |[[Shaowei]]<br /> |<br /> |Imperial Second Guard<br /> |modern star name<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |參宿 <br /> |Shēn Xiù<br /> |Shen<br /> |<br /> |Three Stars Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |神宫<br /> |Shén Gōnɡ<br /> |[[Shengong]]<br /> |<br /> |Divine Palace<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |參旗 <br /> |Shēn Qí<br /> |Shenqi<br /> |<br /> |Banner of Shen<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |勢 <br /> |Shì<br /> |Shenqi<br /> |<br /> |Eunuch<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |矢 <br /> |Shǐ<br /> |Shi<br /> |<br /> |Excrement<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |室宿 <br /> |Shì Xiù<br /> |Shi<br /> |<br /> |Room Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |市樓 <br /> |Shì Lóu<br /> |Shilou<br /> |<br /> |Market Tower<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |豕目<br /> |<br /> |[[Shimu]]<br /> |<br /> |Pig<br /> |modern star name, based on a Neolithic Chinese constellation<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |水府 <br /> |Shǔi Fǔ<br /> |Shuifu<br /> |<br /> |Water Official<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |水位 <br /> |Shǔi Wèi<br /> |Shuiwei<br /> |<br /> |Waterlevel<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |庶子 <br /> |Shù Zǐ<br /> |Shuzi<br /> |<br /> |Son of Concubine<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |四瀆 <br /> |Sì Dú<br /> |Sidu<br /> |<br /> |Four Rivers<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |司非 <br /> |Sī Fēi<br /> |Sifei<br /> |<br /> |Judge of Right and Wrong<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |四輔<br /> |Sì Fǔ<br /> |Sifu<br /> |<br /> |Four Advisors<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |司怪 <br /> |Sī Guài<br /> |Siguai<br /> |<br /> |Deity in Charge of Omen<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |司祿 <br /> |Sī Lù<br /> |Silu<br /> |<br /> |Judge of Rank<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |司命 <br /> |Sī Mìng<br /> |Siming<br /> |<br /> |Judge of Life<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |司危 <br /> |Sī Wēi<br /> |Siwei<br /> |<br /> |Judge of Disaster and Good Fortune<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |孫 <br /> |Sūn<br /> |Sun<br /> |<br /> |Grandson<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |[[Taimin and Shaomin|太民]]<br /> |<br /> |[[Taimin and Shaomin|Taimin]]<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |spelling variants: Taiming = Taimin = Daming<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |太微 <br /> |Tài Wēi<br /> |Taiwei<br /> |<br /> |Supreme Court<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |太陽守 <br /> |Tài Yáng Shǒu<br /> |[[Taiyangshou]]<br /> |<br /> |the General in charge of the yang valve<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |太一<br /> |Tài Yī<br /> |[[Taiyi]]<br /> |<br /> |Supreme One<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |太子 <br /> |Tài Zǐ<br /> |Taizi<br /> |<br /> |Crown Prince<br /> |this name designates gam UMi but this star is already named Pherkad (so we suggest the Chinese name for Pherkad Minor)<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |太尊 <br /> |Tài Zūn<br /> |Taizun<br /> |<br /> |Royals<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |[[Tengshe|螣蛇]]<br /> |[[Tengshe|Téng Shé]]<br /> |[[Tengshe]]<br /> |<br /> |Flying Serpent<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天棓 <br /> |Tiān Bàng<br /> |Tianbang<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Club Weapon<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天弁 <br /> |Tiān Biàn<br /> |Tianbian<br /> |<br /> |Market Officer<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天倉 <br /> |Tiān Cāng<br /> |Tiancang<br /> |<br /> |Square Celestial Granary<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天廁 <br /> |Tiān Cè<br /> |Tiance<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Toilet<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天讒 <br /> |Tiān Chán<br /> |Tianchan<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Slander<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天廚 <br /> |Tiān Chú<br /> |Tianchu<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Kitchen<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天船 <br /> |Tiān Chuán<br /> |Tianchuan<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Boat<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天床 <br /> |Tiān Chuáng<br /> |Tianchuang<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Bed<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天大將軍 <br /> |Tiān Dà Jiāng Jūn<br /> |[[Tiandajiangjun|Tian Dajiangjun]]<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Grand General<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天阿 <br /> |Tiān Ē<br /> |Tiané<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Hillside<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天輻 <br /> |Tiān Fú<br /> |Tianfu<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Spokes<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |[[Tianfu|天桴]]<br /> |[[Tianfu|Tiān Fú]]<br /> |[[Tianfu]]<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Drumstick<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天綱 <br /> |Tiān Gāng<br /> |Tiangang<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Headrope<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天高 <br /> |Tiān Gāo<br /> |Tiangao<br /> |<br /> |Celestial High Terrace<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天關 <br /> |Tiān Guān<br /> |[[Tianguan]]<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Pass<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天潢 <br /> |Tiān Huáng<br /> |Tianhuang<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Pond<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天溷 <br /> |Tiān Hùn<br /> |Tianhun<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Pigsty<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天紀 <br /> |Tiān Jì<br /> |[[Tianji]]<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Discipline<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天稷 <br /> |Tiān Jì<br /> |Tianji<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Cereals<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天璣 <br /> |Tiān Jī<br /> |Tianji<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Shining Pearl<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天記 <br /> |Tiān Jì<br /> |Tianji<br /> |<br /> |Judge to Estimate the Age of Animals<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天雞 <br /> |Tiān Jī<br /> |Tianji<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Cock<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天江 <br /> |Tiān Jiāng<br /> |Tianjiang<br /> |<br /> |Celestial River<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天街 <br /> |Tiān Jiē<br /> |Tianjie<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Street<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天節 <br /> |Tiān Jié<br /> |Tianjie<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Mace<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天津 <br /> |Tiān Jīn<br /> |Tianjin<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Bridge<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天廄 <br /> |Tiān Jiù<br /> |Tianjiu<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Stable<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天牢 <br /> |Tiān Láo<br /> |Tianlao<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Prison<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天壘城 <br /> |Tiān Lěi Chéng<br /> |Tianleicheng<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Castle with Walls<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天理 <br /> |Tiān Lǐ<br /> |Tianli<br /> |<br /> |Judge for Nobility<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天廩 <br /> |Tiān Lǐn<br /> |Tianlin<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Foodstuffs<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天門 <br /> |Tiān Mén<br /> |Tianmen<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Gate<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天廟 <br /> |Tiān Miào<br /> |Tianmiao<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Ancestral Temple<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天錢 <br /> |Tiān Qián<br /> |Tianqian<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Coin<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天槍 <br /> |Tiān Qiāng<br /> |Tianqiang<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Spear<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天權 <br /> |Tiān Quán<br /> |Tianquan<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Balance<br /> |normally a name for del UMa which is named Megrez ( so this name applied to a star closeby)<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天囷 <br /> |Tiān Qūn<br /> |Tianqun<br /> |<br /> |Circular Celestial Granary<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天乳 <br /> |Tiān Rǔ<br /> |Tianru<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Milk<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天社 <br /> |Tiān Shè<br /> |[[Tianshe]]<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Altar of the Earth Deity<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天市 <br /> |Tiān Shì<br /> |Tianshi<br /> |<br /> |Heavenly Market<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天豕<br /> |<br /> |Tianshi<br /> |<br /> |Heavenly Pig<br /> |alternative (older) name for [[Kui]]<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天豕目<br /> |<br /> |[[Shimu|Tianshi Mu]]<br /> |<br /> |Eye of the Celestial Pig<br /> |a star name in the Tianshi=Kui<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天樞 <br /> |Tiān Shū<br /> |Tianshu<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Pivot<br /> |normally a name for alf UMa<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |[[Tiansi]]<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Quadriga<br /> |modern star name <br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天田 <br /> |Tiān Tián<br /> |Tiantian<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Farmland<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天田 <br /> |Tiān Tián<br /> |Tiantian<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Farmland<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天相 <br /> |Tiān Xiàng<br /> |Tianxiang<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Ministers<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天璇 <br /> |Tiān Xuán<br /> |TianXuan<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Rotating Jade<br /> |normally a name for beta UMa (applied to a star closeby)<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天一<br /> |Tiān Yī<br /> |[[Tianyi]]<br /> |<br /> |Celestial One<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天陰 <br /> |Tiān Yīn<br /> |Tianyin<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Yin Force<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天庾 <br /> |Tiān Yǔ<br /> |Tianyu<br /> |<br /> |Ricks of Grain<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天淵 <br /> |Tiān Yuān<br /> |Tianyuan<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Deep Water<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天苑 <br /> |Tiān Yuàn<br /> |Tianyuan<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Meadows<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天園 <br /> |Tiān Yuán<br /> |Tianyuan<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Orchard<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天籥 <br /> |Tiān Yuè<br /> |Tianyue<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Key<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天柱 <br /> |Tiān Zhù<br /> |Tianzhu<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Pillar<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天樽 <br /> |Tiān Zūn<br /> |Tianzun<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Wine Cup<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |土公 <br /> |Tǔ Gōng<br /> |Tugong<br /> |<br /> |Official for Earthworks<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |土公吏 <br /> |Tǔ Gōng Lì<br /> |Tugongli<br /> |<br /> |Clerk for Earthworks<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |屠肆 <br /> |Tú Sì<br /> |[[Tusi]]<br /> |<br /> |Butcher's Shop<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |土司空 <br /> |Tǔ Sī Kōng<br /> |Tusikong<br /> |<br /> |Master of Constructions<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |桐陵<br /> |Tóng Líng <br /> |[[Tongling]]<br /> |<br /> |Phoenix Tree Mound<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |外廚 <br /> |Wài Chú<br /> |Waichu<br /> |<br /> |Outer Kitchen<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |外屏 <br /> |Wài Píng<br /> |Waiping<br /> |<br /> |Outer Screen<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |王良 <br /> |Wáng Liáng<br /> |[[Wangliang]]<br /> |<br /> |Wang Liang<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |尾宿 <br /> |Wěi Xiù<br /> |[[Wei]]<br /> |<br /> |Tail Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |魏 <br /> |Wèi<br /> |Wei<br /> |<br /> |Wei<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |危宿 <br /> |Wēi Xiù<br /> |[[Wēi|Wei]]<br /> |<br /> |Rooftop Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |胃宿 <br /> |Wèi Xiù<br /> |[[Wèi|Wei]]<br /> |<br /> |Stomach Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |文昌 <br /> |Wén Chāng<br /> |Wenchang<br /> |<br /> |Administrative Centre<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |五車 <br /> |Wǔ Chē<br /> |Wuche<br /> |<br /> |Five Chariots<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |五帝內座 <br /> |Wǔ Dì Nèi Zuò<br /> |Wudi Neizuo<br /> |<br /> |Interior Seats of Five Emperors<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |五帝座 <br /> |Wǔ Dì Zuò<br /> |Wudizuo<br /> |<br /> |Thrones of the Five Emperors<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |五諸侯 <br /> |Wǔ Zhū Hóu<br /> |Wuzhuhou<br /> |<br /> |Five Feudal Kings<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |咸池 <br /> |Xián Chí<br /> |Xianchi<br /> |<br /> |Sacrad Pool<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |相 <br /> |Xiàng<br /> |Xiang<br /> |<br /> |Prime Minister<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |下台 <br /> |Xià Tái<br /> |[[Xiatai]]<br /> |<br /> |Lower Step<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |[[Xihe]]<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |modern star name<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |心宿 <br /> |Xīn Xiù<br /> |Xin<br /> |<br /> |Heart Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |星宿 <br /> |Xīng Xiù<br /> |Xing<br /> |<br /> |Seven Star Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |幸臣 <br /> |Xìng Chén<br /> |Xingchen<br /> |<br /> |Officer of Honour<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |西咸 <br /> |Xī Xián<br /> |Xixian<br /> |<br /> |Western Door<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |奚仲 <br /> |Xī Zhòng<br /> |Xizhong<br /> |<br /> |Xi Zhong<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |虛宿 <br /> |Xū Xiù<br /> |Xu<br /> |<br /> |Ruins Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |玄戈 <br /> |Xuán Gē<br /> |[[Xuange]]<br /> |<br /> |Sombre Lance<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |[[Xuanyuan|軒轅]]<br /> |[[Xuanyuan|Xuānyuán]]<br /> |[[Xuanyuan]]<br /> |<br /> |Xuanyuan<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |虛梁 <br /> |Xū Liáng<br /> |Xuliang<br /> |<br /> |Temple without Beams<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |燕 <br /> |Yān<br /> |Yan <br /> |<br /> |Yan<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |陽門 <br /> |Yáng Mén<br /> |Yangmen<br /> |<br /> |Gate of Yang<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |搖光 <br /> |Yáo Guāng<br /> |Yaoguang<br /> |<br /> |Twinkling Brilliance<br /> |normally a name for eta UMa but as this star is named Alkaid (applied to a star closeby)<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |野雞 <br /> |Yě Jī<br /> |Yeji<br /> |<br /> |Wild Cockerel<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |謁者 <br /> |Yè Zhě<br /> |Yezhe<br /> |<br /> |Usher of the Court<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |翼宿 <br /> |Yì Xiù<br /> |Yi<br /> |<br /> |Wings Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |陰德 <br /> |Yīn Dé<br /> |Yinde<br /> |<br /> |Hidden Virtue<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |右更 <br /> |Yòu Gēng<br /> |Yougeng<br /> |<br /> |Official in Charge of Pasturing<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |右旗<br /> |Yòu Qí<br /> |Youqi<br /> |<br /> |Right Flag<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |右攝提 <br /> |Yòu Shè Tí<br /> |Yousheti<br /> |<br /> |Right Conductor<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |右辖 <br /> |Yòu Xiá<br /> |Youxia<br /> |<br /> |Right Linchpin<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |魚 <br /> |Yú<br /> |Yu<br /> |<br /> |Fish<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |越 <br /> |Yuè<br /> |Yue<br /> |<br /> |Yue<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |鉞 <br /> |Yuè<br /> |Yue<br /> |<br /> |Battle Axe<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |月 <br /> |Yuè<br /> |Yue<br /> |<br /> |Moon<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |玉衡 <br /> |Yù Héng<br /> |Yuheng<br /> |<br /> |Jade Sighting-tube<br /> |normally a name for eps UMa who is already named Alioth ( thus applied to a star closeby)<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |玉井 <br /> |Yù Jǐng<br /> |Yujing<br /> |<br /> |Jade Well<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |羽林軍 <br /> |Yǔ Lín Jūn<br /> |Yulinjun<br /> |<br /> |Royal Guards<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |[[Yunü|御女]]<br /> |[[Yunü|Yù Nǚ]]<br /> |[[Yunü]]<br /> |<br /> |Maids-in-waiting<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |雲雨 <br /> |Yún Yǔ<br /> |Yunyu<br /> |<br /> |Cloud and Rain<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |造父 <br /> |Zào Fù<br /> |Zaofu<br /> |<br /> |Zao Fu<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |[[Zhang]]<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |modern star name based on a Chinese original<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |丈人 <br /> |Zhàng Rén<br /> |Zhangren<br /> |<br /> |Elderly Person<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |張宿 <br /> |Zhāng Xiù<br /> |Zhangzun<br /> |<br /> |Extended Net Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |趙 <br /> |Zhào<br /> |Zhao <br /> |<br /> |Zhao<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |招搖 <br /> |Zhāo Yáo<br /> |Zhaoyao<br /> |<br /> |A Kind of Weapon, Sword or Spear<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |軫宿 <br /> |Zhěn Xiù<br /> |Zhen<br /> |<br /> |Chariot Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |陣車 <br /> |Zhèn Chē<br /> |Zhenche<br /> |<br /> |Battle Chariots<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |鄭 <br /> |Zhèng<br /> |Zheng<br /> |<br /> |Zheng<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |折威 <br /> |Zhé Wēi<br /> |Zhewei<br /> |<br /> |Warden<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |織女 <br /> |Zhī Nǚ<br /> |Zhinu<br /> |<br /> |Weaving Girl<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |中台 <br /> |Zhōng Tái<br /> |[[Zhongtai]]<br /> |<br /> |Middle Step<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |[[Zhou|周]]<br /> |[[Zhou|Zhōu]]<br /> |[[Zhou]]<br /> |<br /> |Zhou<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |周鼎 <br /> |Zhōu Dǐng<br /> |Zhouding<br /> |<br /> |Tripod of the Zhou<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |柱 <br /> |Zhù<br /> |Zhu<br /> |<br /> |Pillars<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |柱史 <br /> |Zhù Xià Shǐ<br /> |Zhu Xia Shi <br /> |<br /> |Officer in Charge of Public Announcements<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |諸王 <br /> |Zhū Wáng<br /> |Zhuwang<br /> |<br /> |Feudal Kings<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |觜宿 <br /> |Zī Xiù<br /> |Zi<br /> |<br /> |Bird Beak Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |子 <br /> |Zǐ<br /> |Zi<br /> |<br /> |Son<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |紫宮 <br /> |Zǐ Gōng<br /> |[[Zigong]]<br /> |<br /> |Purple Palace<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |宗 <br /> |Zōng<br /> |Zong<br /> |<br /> |Ancestors<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |宗人 <br /> |Zōng Rén<br /> |Zongren<br /> |<br /> |Asistants of Zong Zheng<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |[[Zongzheng|宗正]]<br /> |[[Zongzheng|Zōng Zhèng]]<br /> |[[Zongzheng]]<br /> |<br /> |Official for Royal Clan<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |左更 <br /> |Zuó Gēng<br /> |Zuogeng<br /> |<br /> |Official in Charge of Forest<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |左旗 <br /> |Zuǒ Qí<br /> |Zuoqi<br /> |<br /> |Left Flag<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |座旗 <br /> |Zuò Qí<br /> |Zuoqi<br /> |<br /> |Seat Flags<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |左攝提 <br /> |Zuǒ Shè Tí<br /> |Zuosheti<br /> |<br /> |Left Conductor<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |左辖 <br /> |Zuǒ Xiá<br /> |Zuoxia<br /> |<br /> |Left Linchpin<br /> |<br /> |}<br /> [[Category:Overviews]]<br /> [[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:East Asian]][[Category:Chinese]]<br /> [[Category:Service]]</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Chinese_(All_Terms)&diff=39519 2026-03-04T11:59:21Z

<p>Boshunyang: </p> <hr /> <div>Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----<br /> &lt;div style=&quot;float:right; margin:0 0 1em 1em;&quot;&gt;<br /> &lt;youtube align=right&gt;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d_Ml8wE3jSc&lt;/youtube&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> === Solar System Names ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> !Traditional Terms<br /> !Pinyin<br /> !Simplified<br /> !Wade-Giles<br /> !English<br /> !commentary<br /> |-<br /> |日 <br /> |rì<br /> |Ri<br /> |<br /> |Sun<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |月<br /> |yuè<br /> |[[Yue]]<br /> |<br /> |Moon<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |水星<br /> |shuǐ xīng<br /> |Shui Xing<br /> |<br /> |Mercury<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |金星<br /> |jīn xīng<br /> |Jin Ying<br /> |<br /> |Venus<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |火星<br /> |huǒ xīng<br /> |Huo Xing<br /> |<br /> |Mars<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |木星<br /> |mù xīng<br /> |Mu Xing<br /> |<br /> |Jupiter<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |土星<br /> |tǔ xīng<br /> |Tu Xing<br /> |<br /> |Saturn<br /> |<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Here is an overview on all Chinese constellation names ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> ! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |Constellation Names<br /> ! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |Romanisation<br /> !English<br /> !commentary<br /> |-<br /> !Classical<br /> !Simplified<br /> !Pinyin<br /> !Simplified<br /> !Wade-Giles<br /> !<br /> !<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |八穀 <br /> |Bā Gǔ<br /> |[[Bagu]]<br /> |<br /> |Eight Kinds of Crops<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |敗瓜 <br /> |Bài Guā<br /> |Baigua<br /> |<br /> |Rotten Gourd<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |敗臼 <br /> |Bài Jiù<br /> |Baijiu<br /> |<br /> |Decayed Mortar<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |八魁 <br /> |Bā Kuí<br /> |Bakui<br /> |<br /> |Net [for Catching Animals]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |北斗 <br /> |Běi Dǒu<br /> |Beidou<br /> |<br /> |Northern Dipper<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |北河 <br /> |Běi Hé<br /> |Beihei<br /> |<br /> |North River<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |北極 <br /> |Běi Jí<br /> |Beiji<br /> |<br /> |North Pole<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |北落師門 <br /> |Běi Luò Shī Mén<br /> |Beiluo Shimen<br /> |<br /> |North Gate of the Military Camp<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |壁宿 <br /> |Bì Xiù<br /> |Bi<br /> |<br /> |Wall Mansion<br /> |Dong Bi (Eastern Wall Mansion)<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |畢宿 <br /> |Bì Xiù<br /> |[[Bixiu|Bi]]<br /> |<br /> |Net Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |鱉 <br /> |Biē<br /> |Bie<br /> |<br /> |River Turtle<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |帛度 <br /> |Bó Dù<br /> |[[Bodu]]<br /> |<br /> |Textile Ruler<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |策 <br /> |Cè<br /> |[[Ce]]<br /> |<br /> |Whip<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |[[Cexing]]<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |modern star name<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |常陳 <br /> |Cháng Chén<br /> |Changchen<br /> |<br /> |Imperial Guards<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |長沙 <br /> |Chángshá<br /> |Changsha<br /> |<br /> |Changsha<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |长垣 <br /> |Cháng Yuán<br /> |Changyuan<br /> |<br /> |Long Wall<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |車府 <br /> |Chē Fǔ<br /> |Chefu<br /> |<br /> |Yard for Chariots<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |車騎 <br /> |Chē Qí<br /> |Cheqi<br /> |<br /> |Chariots and Cavalry<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |車肆 <br /> |Chē Sì<br /> |Chesi<br /> |<br /> |Commodity Market<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |杵 <br /> |Chǔ<br /> |Chu<br /> |<br /> |Pestle<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |楚 <br /> |Chǔ<br /> |Chu<br /> |<br /> |Chu<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |傳舍 <br /> |Chuán Shè<br /> |Chuanshe<br /> |<br /> |Guest House<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |芻蒿 <br /> |Chú Hāo<br /> |Chuhao<br /> |<br /> |Hay<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |從官 <br /> |Cóng Guān<br /> |Congguan<br /> |<br /> |Retinue<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天皇大帝 <br /> |Tiān Huáng Dà Dì<br /> |Dadi<br /> |<br /> |Great Emperor of Heaven<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |代 <br /> |Dài<br /> |Dai<br /> |<br /> |Dai<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |大角 <br /> |Dà Jiǎo<br /> |Dajiao<br /> |<br /> |Great Horn<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |大理 <br /> |Dà Lǐ<br /> |Dali<br /> |<br /> |Chief Judge<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |大陵 <br /> |Dà Líng<br /> |Daling<br /> |<br /> |Mausoleum<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |丹凤<br /> |<br /> |[[Danfeng]]<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |modern star name that refers to a sacred (phoenix-like) bird in Chinese mythology<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |氐宿 <br /> |Dī Xiù<br /> |Di <br /> |<br /> |Root Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |帝 <br /> |Dì<br /> |Di <br /> |<br /> |Emperor<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |帝座 <br /> |Dì Zuò<br /> |Dizuo<br /> |<br /> |Emperor's Seat<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |東甌 <br /> |Dōng Ōu<br /> |Dongou<br /> |<br /> |Dong'ou<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |東次相 <br /> |Dōng Cì Xiàng<br /> |Dong Cixiang<br /> |<br /> |Second Eastern Minister<br /> |normally a name for del Vir (Minelauva)<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |東次將 <br /> |Dōng Cì Jiàng<br /> |Dong Cijiang<br /> |<br /> |Second Eastern General<br /> |normally a name for eps Vir (Vindemiatrix)<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |東上將 <br /> |Dōng Shàng Jiàng<br /> |Dong Shangjiang<br /> |<br /> |First Eastern General<br /> |normally a name for alf Com (Diadem)<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |東上相 <br /> |Dōng Shàng Xiàng<br /> |Dong Shangxiang<br /> |<br /> |First Eastern Minister<br /> |normally a name for gam Vir (Porrima)<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |東咸 <br /> |Dōng Xián<br /> |Dongxian<br /> |<br /> |Eastern Door<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |斗宿 <br /> |Dǒu Xiù<br /> |Dou<br /> |<br /> |Dipper Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |斗 <br /> |Dǒu<br /> |Dou<br /> |<br /> |Measure for Grain<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |頓頑 <br /> |Dùn Wán<br /> |Dunwan<br /> |<br /> |Jailer<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |伐 <br /> |Fá<br /> |Fa<br /> |<br /> |Dagger of Shen<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |罰 <br /> |Fá<br /> |Fa<br /> |<br /> |Fine<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |房宿 <br /> |Fáng Xiù<br /> |[[Fang]]<br /> |<br /> |Room Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |墳墓 <br /> |Fén Mù<br /> |Fenmu<br /> |<br /> |Tomb<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |輔 <br /> |Fǔ<br /> |Fu<br /> |<br /> |Assistant<br /> |normally a name for 80 UMa that is named Alcor<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |附耳 <br /> |Fù Ěr<br /> |Fuer<br /> |<br /> |Ear<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |扶筐 <br /> |Fú Kuāng<br /> |Fukuang<br /> |<br /> |Basket for Mulberry Leaves<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |附路 <br /> |Fù Lù<br /> |[[Fulu]]<br /> |<br /> |Auxiliary Road<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |Furen<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |see [[Wei]] <br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |傅說 <br /> |Fù Yuè<br /> |[[Fuyue]]<br /> |<br /> |Fu Yue<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |鈇锧 <br /> |Fū Zhì<br /> |Fuzhi<br /> |<br /> |Executioner’s Axe and Block<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |蓋屋 <br /> |Gài Wū<br /> |Gaiwu<br /> |<br /> |Roofing<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |槓 <br /> |Gàng<br /> |[[Gang]]<br /> |<br /> |Canopy Shaft<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |閣道 <br /> |Gé Dào<br /> |Gedao<br /> |<br /> |Flying Corridor<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |梗河 <br /> |Gěng Hé<br /> |Genghe<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Shield or Lance<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |鈎<br /> |Gōu<br /> |Gou<br /> |<br /> |Hook<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |狗 <br /> |Gǒu<br /> |Gou<br /> |<br /> |Dog<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |勾陳<br /> |Gōu Chén<br /> |Gouchen<br /> |<br /> |Curved Array<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |狗國 <br /> |Gǒu Guó<br /> |Gougou<br /> |<br /> |Territory of Dogs<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |鈎鈐 <br /> |Gōu Yín<br /> |Gouyin<br /> |<br /> |Lock<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |爟 <br /> |Guàn<br /> |Guan<br /> |<br /> |Beacon Fire<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |貫索 <br /> |Guàn Suǒ<br /> |Guansuo<br /> |<br /> |Coiled Throng<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |龜 <br /> |Guī<br /> |Gui<br /> |<br /> |Tortoise<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |鬼宿 <br /> |Guǐ Xiù<br /> |Gui<br /> |<br /> |Ghosts Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |鼓旗 <br /> |Gŭ Qí<br /> |[[Guqi]]<br /> |<br /> |Drum Flag<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |韓 <br /> |Hán<br /> |Han<br /> |<br /> |Han<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |河鼓 <br /> |Hé Gǔ<br /> |Hegu<br /> |<br /> |Drum at the River<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |衡 <br /> |[[Heng|Héng]]<br /> |[[Heng]]<br /> |<br /> |Purlin<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |候 <br /> |Hòu<br /> |Hou<br /> |<br /> |Astrologer<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |後宮 <br /> |Hòu Gōng<br /> |Hougong<br /> |<br /> |Imperial Harem<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |斛 <br /> |Hú<br /> |Hu<br /> |<br /> |Square Box for Measuring<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |華蓋 <br /> |Huá Gài<br /> |[[Huagai]]<br /> |<br /> |Canopy of the Emperor<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |宦者 <br /> |Huàn Zhě<br /> |Huanzhe<br /> |<br /> |Eunuch Official<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |虎賁 <br /> |Hǔ Bēn<br /> |Huben<br /> |<br /> |Emperor's Bodyguard<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |瓠瓜 <br /> |Hù Guā<br /> |Hugua<br /> |<br /> |Gourd<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |弧矢 <br /> |Hú Shǐ<br /> |Hushi<br /> |<br /> |Bow and Arrow<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |箕宿 <br /> |Jī Xiù<br /> |Ji<br /> |<br /> |Winnowing Basket Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |建 <br /> |Jiàn<br /> |Jian<br /> |<br /> |City with A Banner<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |鍵閉 <br /> |Jiàn Bì<br /> |Jianbi<br /> |<br /> |Door Bolt<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |漸臺 <br /> |Jiàn Tái<br /> |Jiantai<br /> |<br /> |Clepsydra Terrace<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |角宿 <br /> |Jiǎo Xiù<br /> |Jiao<br /> |<br /> |Horn Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |晉 <br /> |Jìn<br /> |Jin <br /> |<br /> |Jin<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |井宿 <br /> |Jǐng Xiù<br /> |Jing<br /> |<br /> |Well Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |進賢 <br /> |Jìn Xián<br /> |JinXian<br /> |<br /> |Recommending Virtuous Man<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |積屍 <br /> |Jī Shī<br /> |Jishi<br /> |<br /> |Heaps of Corpses<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |積屍氣 <br /> |Jī Shī Qì<br /> |Jishiqi<br /> |<br /> |Fog of Cumulative Corpses<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |積水 <br /> |Jī Shuǐ or <br /> Jī Shǔi<br /> |[[Jishui]]<br /> |<br /> |&lt;nowiki&gt;Accumulated Water in the Ship | &lt;/nowiki&gt;<br /> Stored Water to Make Wine<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |臼 <br /> |Jiù<br /> |Jiu<br /> |<br /> |Mortar<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |九坎 <br /> |Jiǔ Kǎn<br /> |Jiukan<br /> |<br /> |Nine Water Wells<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |酒旗 <br /> |Jiǔ Qí<br /> |Jiuqi<br /> |<br /> |Banner of Wine Shop<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |九卿內座 <br /> |Jiǔ Qīng Nèi Zuò<br /> |Jiuqing Neizuo<br /> |<br /> |Inner Seats for Nine Ministers<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |九斿 <br /> |Jiǔ Yóu<br /> |Jiuyou<br /> |<br /> |Nine Flags<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |九州殊口 <br /> |Jiǔ Zhōu Shū Kǒu<br /> |Jiuzhou Shukou<br /> |<br /> |Interpreters of Dialects<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |積薪 <br /> |Jī Xīn<br /> |Jixin<br /> |<br /> |Pile of Firewood<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |積卒 <br /> |Jī Zú<br /> |Jizu<br /> |<br /> |Group of Soldiers<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |卷舌 <br /> |Juǎn Shé<br /> |Juanshe<br /> |<br /> |Rolled Tongue<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |軍井 <br /> |Jūn Jǐng<br /> |Junjing<br /> |<br /> |Military Well<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |軍門 <br /> |Jūn Mén<br /> |Junmen<br /> |<br /> |Military Gate<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |軍南門 <br /> |Jūn Nán Mén<br /> |[[Junnanmen]]<br /> |<br /> |Southern Military Gate<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |軍市 <br /> |Jūn Shì<br /> |Junshi<br /> |<br /> |Market for the Soldiers<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |糠 <br /> |Kāng<br /> |Kang<br /> |<br /> |Chaff<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |亢宿 <br /> |[[Kang|Kàng Xiù]]<br /> |[[Kang]]<br /> |<br /> |Neck Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |亢池 <br /> |Kàng Chí<br /> |Kangchi<br /> |<br /> |Boats and Lake<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |開陽 <br /> |Kāi Yáng<br /> |Kaiyang<br /> |<br /> |Opener of Heat<br /> |normally a name for zeta UMa that is named Mizar. 83 UMa is the brighter one of two in the vicinity (it is a pulsating M-variable)<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |哭 <br /> |Kū<br /> |Ku<br /> |<br /> |Crying<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |[[Kui|奎宿]]<br /> |[[Kui|Kuí Xiù]]<br /> |[[Kui]]<br /> |<br /> |Crotch Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |[[Kulou|庫樓]]<br /> |[[Kulou|Kù Lóu]]<br /> |[[Kulou]]<br /> |<br /> |Arsenal<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |狼 <br /> |Láng<br /> |Lang<br /> |<br /> |Wolf<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |郎將 <br /> |Láng Jiàng<br /> |Langjiang<br /> |<br /> |Captain of the Bodyguards<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |[[Langwei|郎位]]<br /> |[[Langwei|Láng Wèi]]<br /> |[[Langwei]]<br /> |<br /> |Official of the Imperial Guard<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |老人 <br /> |Lǎo Rén<br /> |Laoren<br /> |<br /> |Old Man<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |壘壁陣 <br /> |Lěi Bì Zhèn<br /> |Leibizhen<br /> |<br /> |Line of Ramparts<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |雷電 <br /> |Léi Diàn<br /> |Leidian<br /> |<br /> |Thunder and Lightning<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |列肆 <br /> |Liè Sì<br /> |Liesi<br /> |<br /> |Jewel Market<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |離宮 <br /> |Lí Gōng<br /> |Ligong<br /> |<br /> |Resting Palace<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |靈台 <br /> |Líng Tái<br /> |Lingtai<br /> |<br /> |Astronomical Observatory<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |礪石 <br /> |Lì Shí<br /> |Lishi<br /> |<br /> |Grind Stone<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |柳宿 <br /> |Liǔ Xiù<br /> |Liu<br /> |<br /> |Willow Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |六甲<br /> |Liù Jiǎ<br /> |Liujia<br /> |<br /> |Six Jia<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |璃瑜 <br /> |Lí Yú<br /> |Liyu<br /> |<br /> |Jade Ornament on Ladies' Wear<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |離珠 <br /> |Lí Zhū<br /> |Lizhu<br /> |<br /> |Pearls on Ladies' Wear<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |婁宿 <br /> |Lóu Xiù<br /> |Lou<br /> |<br /> |Basket Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |羅堰 <br /> |Luó Yàn<br /> |Luoyan<br /> |<br /> |Networks of Dikes<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |昴宿 <br /> |Mǎo Xiù<br /> |Mao<br /> |<br /> |Hairy Head Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |明堂 <br /> |Míng Táng<br /> |Mingtang<br /> |<br /> |Cosmological Temple<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |南河 <br /> |Nán Hé<br /> |Nanhe<br /> |<br /> |South River<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |南門 <br /> |Nán Mén<br /> |Nanmen<br /> |<br /> |Southern Gate<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |內廚 <br /> |Nèi Chú<br /> |Neichu<br /> |<br /> |Inner Kitchen<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |內階 <br /> |Nèi Jiē<br /> |Neijie<br /> |<br /> |Inner Steps<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |內屏 <br /> |Nèi Píng<br /> |Neiping<br /> |<br /> |Inner Screen<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |內平 <br /> |Nèi Píng<br /> |Neiping<br /> |<br /> |Inner Judge<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |內五諸侯 <br /> |Nèi Wǔ Zhū Hóu<br /> |Neiwu Zhuhou<br /> |<br /> |Five Lords of Heaven inside Taiwei<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |三公內座 <br /> |Sān Gōng Nèi Zuò<br /> |Neizuo<br /> |<br /> |Inner Seats for three Excellencies<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |輦道 <br /> |Niǎn Dào<br /> |Niandao<br /> |<br /> |Imperial Passageway<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |牛宿 <br /> |Niú Xiù<br /> |Niu<br /> |<br /> |Ox Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |钮 <br /> |Nĭu<br /> |Niu<br /> |<br /> |Pivot<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |農丈人 <br /> |Nóng Zhàng Rén<br /> |Nong Zhangren<br /> |<br /> |Old Peasant<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |女宿 <br /> |Nǚ Xiù<br /> |Nü<br /> |<br /> |Women Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |女床 <br /> |Nǚ Chuáng<br /> |[[Nüchuang]]<br /> |<br /> |Woman's Bed<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |女史 <br /> |Nǚ Shǐ<br /> |Nüshi<br /> |<br /> |Woman Officer in Charge of Time<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |霹靂 <br /> |Pī Lì<br /> |Pili<br /> |<br /> |Thunderbolt<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |Pin<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |see [[Wei]]<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |屏 <br /> |Píng<br /> |[[Ping]]<br /> |<br /> |Screen<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |平 <br /> |Píng<br /> |Ping<br /> |<br /> |Judge<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |平道 <br /> |Píng Dào<br /> |Pingdao<br /> |<br /> |Flat Road<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |齊 <br /> |Qí<br /> |Qi<br /> |<br /> |Qi<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |泣 <br /> |Qì<br /> |Qi<br /> |<br /> |Weeping<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |器府 <br /> |Qì Fǔ<br /> |Qifu<br /> |<br /> |House for Musical Instruments<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |七公 <br /> |Qī Gōng<br /> |[[Qigong]]<br /> |<br /> |Seven Excellencies<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |騎官 <br /> |Qí Guān<br /> |Qiguan<br /> |<br /> |Cavalry Officers<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |秦 <br /> |Qín<br /> |Qin<br /> |<br /> |Qin<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |青丘 <br /> |Qīng Qiū<br /> |Qingqiu<br /> |<br /> |Green Hill<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |騎陣將軍 <br /> |Qí Zhèn Jiāng Jūn<br /> |Qizhen Jiangjun<br /> |<br /> |Chariot and Cavalry General<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |闕丘 <br /> |Què Qiū<br /> |Queqiu<br /> |<br /> |Two Buildings on both Sides of Palace Gate<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |人 <br /> |Rén<br /> |Ren<br /> |<br /> |Humans<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |日 <br /> |Rì<br /> |Ri<br /> |<br /> |Sun<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |三公 <br /> |Sān Gōng<br /> |Sangong<br /> |<br /> |Three Excellencies<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |三台<br /> |<br /> |Santai<br /> |<br /> |Three Steps<br /> |super-constellation of [[Shangtai]], [[Xiatai]] and [[Zhnogtai|Zhongtai]]<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |上丞<br /> |Shàng Chéng<br /> |[[Shangcheng and Shaocheng|Shangcheng]]<br /> |<br /> |The Great Imperial Minister<br /> |modern star name<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |尚書 <br /> |Shàng Shū<br /> |Shangshu<br /> |<br /> |Royal Secretary<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |上台 <br /> |Shàng Tái<br /> |[[Shangtai]]<br /> |<br /> |Upper Step<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |上衛<br /> |Shàng Wèi<br /> |[[Shangwei]]<br /> |<br /> |The Great Imperial Guard<br /> |modern star name<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |少丞<br /> |Shào Chéng <br /> |[[Shangcheng and Shaocheng|Shaocheng]]<br /> |<br /> |The Second Imperial Minister<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |[[Taimin and Shaomin|少民]]<br /> |<br /> |[[Taimin and Shaomin|Shaomin]]<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |spelling variants: Shaoming = Shaomin = Tumin = Shangmin<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |少微 <br /> |Shào Wēi<br /> |Shaowei<br /> |<br /> |Scholar-officials<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |少衛<br /> |Shào Wèi <br /> |[[Shaowei]]<br /> |<br /> |Imperial Second Guard<br /> |modern star name<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |參宿 <br /> |Shēn Xiù<br /> |Shen<br /> |<br /> |Three Stars Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |神宫<br /> |Shén Gōnɡ<br /> |[[Shengong]]<br /> |<br /> |Divine Palace<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |參旗 <br /> |Shēn Qí<br /> |Shenqi<br /> |<br /> |Banner of Shen<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |勢 <br /> |Shì<br /> |Shenqi<br /> |<br /> |Eunuch<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |矢 <br /> |Shǐ<br /> |Shi<br /> |<br /> |Excrement<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |室宿 <br /> |Shì Xiù<br /> |Shi<br /> |<br /> |Room Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |市樓 <br /> |Shì Lóu<br /> |Shilou<br /> |<br /> |Market Tower<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |豕目<br /> |<br /> |[[Shimu]]<br /> |<br /> |Pig<br /> |modern star name, based on a Neolithic Chinese constellation<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |水府 <br /> |Shǔi Fǔ<br /> |Shuifu<br /> |<br /> |Water Official<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |水位 <br /> |Shǔi Wèi<br /> |Shuiwei<br /> |<br /> |Waterlevel<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |庶子 <br /> |Shù Zǐ<br /> |Shuzi<br /> |<br /> |Son of Concubine<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |四瀆 <br /> |Sì Dú<br /> |Sidu<br /> |<br /> |Four Rivers<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |司非 <br /> |Sī Fēi<br /> |Sifei<br /> |<br /> |Judge of Right and Wrong<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |四輔<br /> |Sì Fǔ<br /> |Sifu<br /> |<br /> |Four Advisors<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |司怪 <br /> |Sī Guài<br /> |Siguai<br /> |<br /> |Deity in Charge of Omen<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |司祿 <br /> |Sī Lù<br /> |Silu<br /> |<br /> |Judge of Rank<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |司命 <br /> |Sī Mìng<br /> |Siming<br /> |<br /> |Judge of Life<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |司危 <br /> |Sī Wēi<br /> |Siwei<br /> |<br /> |Judge of Disaster and Good Fortune<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |孫 <br /> |Sūn<br /> |Sun<br /> |<br /> |Grandson<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |[[Taimin and Shaomin|太民]]<br /> |<br /> |[[Taimin and Shaomin|Taimin]]<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |spelling variants: Taiming = Taimin = Daming<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |太微 <br /> |Tài Wēi<br /> |Taiwei<br /> |<br /> |Supreme Court<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |太陽守 <br /> |Tài Yáng Shǒu<br /> |[[Taiyangshou]]<br /> |<br /> |the General in charge of the yang valve<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |太一<br /> |Tài Yī<br /> |[[Taiyi]]<br /> |<br /> |Supreme One<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |太子 <br /> |Tài Zǐ<br /> |Taizi<br /> |<br /> |Crown Prince<br /> |this name designates gam UMi but this star is already named Pherkad (so we suggest the Chinese name for Pherkad Minor)<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |太尊 <br /> |Tài Zūn<br /> |Taizun<br /> |<br /> |Royals<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |[[Tengshe|螣蛇]]<br /> |[[Tengshe|Téng Shé]]<br /> |[[Tengshe]]<br /> |<br /> |Flying Serpent<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天棓 <br /> |Tiān Bàng<br /> |Tianbang<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Club Weapon<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天弁 <br /> |Tiān Biàn<br /> |Tianbian<br /> |<br /> |Market Officer<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天倉 <br /> |Tiān Cāng<br /> |Tiancang<br /> |<br /> |Square Celestial Granary<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天廁 <br /> |Tiān Cè<br /> |Tiance<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Toilet<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天讒 <br /> |Tiān Chán<br /> |Tianchan<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Slander<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天廚 <br /> |Tiān Chú<br /> |Tianchu<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Kitchen<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天船 <br /> |Tiān Chuán<br /> |Tianchuan<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Boat<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天床 <br /> |Tiān Chuáng<br /> |Tianchuang<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Bed<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天大將軍 <br /> |Tiān Dà Jiāng Jūn<br /> |[[Tiandajiangjun|Tian Dajiangjun]]<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Grand General<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天阿 <br /> |Tiān Ē<br /> |Tiané<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Hillside<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天輻 <br /> |Tiān Fú<br /> |Tianfu<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Spokes<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |[[Tianfu|天桴]]<br /> |[[Tianfu|Tiān Fú]]<br /> |[[Tianfu]]<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Drumstick<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天綱 <br /> |Tiān Gāng<br /> |Tiangang<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Headrope<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天高 <br /> |Tiān Gāo<br /> |Tiangao<br /> |<br /> |Celestial High Terrace<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天關 <br /> |Tiān Guān<br /> |[[Tianguan]]<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Pass<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天潢 <br /> |Tiān Huáng<br /> |Tianhuang<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Pond<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天溷 <br /> |Tiān Hùn<br /> |Tianhun<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Pigsty<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天紀 <br /> |Tiān Jì<br /> |[[Tianji]]<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Discipline<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天稷 <br /> |Tiān Jì<br /> |Tianji<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Cereals<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天璣 <br /> |Tiān Jī<br /> |Tianji<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Shining Pearl<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天記 <br /> |Tiān Jì<br /> |Tianji<br /> |<br /> |Judge to Estimate the Age of Animals<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天雞 <br /> |Tiān Jī<br /> |Tianji<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Cock<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天江 <br /> |Tiān Jiāng<br /> |Tianjiang<br /> |<br /> |Celestial River<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天街 <br /> |Tiān Jiē<br /> |Tianjie<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Street<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天節 <br /> |Tiān Jié<br /> |Tianjie<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Mace<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天津 <br /> |Tiān Jīn<br /> |Tianjin<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Bridge<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天廄 <br /> |Tiān Jiù<br /> |Tianjiu<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Stable<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天牢 <br /> |Tiān Láo<br /> |Tianlao<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Prison<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天壘城 <br /> |Tiān Lěi Chéng<br /> |Tianleicheng<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Castle with Walls<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天理 <br /> |Tiān Lǐ<br /> |Tianli<br /> |<br /> |Judge for Nobility<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天廩 <br /> |Tiān Lǐn<br /> |Tianlin<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Foodstuffs<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天門 <br /> |Tiān Mén<br /> |Tianmen<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Gate<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天廟 <br /> |Tiān Miào<br /> |Tianmiao<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Ancestral Temple<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天錢 <br /> |Tiān Qián<br /> |Tianqian<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Coin<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天槍 <br /> |Tiān Qiāng<br /> |Tianqiang<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Spear<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天權 <br /> |Tiān Quán<br /> |Tianquan<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Balance<br /> |normally a name for del UMa which is named Megrez ( so this name applied to a star closeby)<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天囷 <br /> |Tiān Qūn<br /> |Tianqun<br /> |<br /> |Circular Celestial Granary<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天乳 <br /> |Tiān Rǔ<br /> |Tianru<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Milk<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天社 <br /> |Tiān Shè<br /> |[[Tianshe]]<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Altar of the Earth Deity<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天市 <br /> |Tiān Shì<br /> |Tianshi<br /> |<br /> |Heavenly Market<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天豕<br /> |<br /> |Tianshi<br /> |<br /> |Heavenly Pig<br /> |alternative (older) name for [[Kui]]<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天豕目<br /> |<br /> |[[Shimu|Tianshi Mu]]<br /> |<br /> |Eye of the Celestial Pig<br /> |a star name in the Tianshi=Kui<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天樞 <br /> |Tiān Shū<br /> |Tianshu<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Pivot<br /> |normally a name for alf UMa<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |[[Tiansi]]<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Quadriga<br /> |modern star name <br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天田 <br /> |Tiān Tián<br /> |Tiantian<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Farmland<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天田 <br /> |Tiān Tián<br /> |Tiantian<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Farmland<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天相 <br /> |Tiān Xiàng<br /> |Tianxiang<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Ministers<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天璇 <br /> |Tiān Xuán<br /> |TianXuan<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Rotating Jade<br /> |normally a name for beta UMa (applied to a star closeby)<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天一<br /> |Tiān Yī<br /> |[[Tianyi]]<br /> |<br /> |Celestial One<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天陰 <br /> |Tiān Yīn<br /> |Tianyin<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Yin Force<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天庾 <br /> |Tiān Yǔ<br /> |Tianyu<br /> |<br /> |Ricks of Grain<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天淵 <br /> |Tiān Yuān<br /> |Tianyuan<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Deep Water<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天苑 <br /> |Tiān Yuàn<br /> |Tianyuan<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Meadows<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天園 <br /> |Tiān Yuán<br /> |Tianyuan<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Orchard<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天籥 <br /> |Tiān Yuè<br /> |Tianyue<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Key<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天柱 <br /> |Tiān Zhù<br /> |Tianzhu<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Pillar<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |天樽 <br /> |Tiān Zūn<br /> |Tianzun<br /> |<br /> |Celestial Wine Cup<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |土公 <br /> |Tǔ Gōng<br /> |Tugong<br /> |<br /> |Official for Earthworks<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |土公吏 <br /> |Tǔ Gōng Lì<br /> |Tugongli<br /> |<br /> |Clerk for Earthworks<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |屠肆 <br /> |Tú Sì<br /> |[[Tusi]]<br /> |<br /> |Butcher's Shop<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |土司空 <br /> |Tǔ Sī Kōng<br /> |Tusikong<br /> |<br /> |Master of Constructions<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |桐陵<br /> |Tóng Líng <br /> |[[Tongling]]<br /> |<br /> |Phoenix Tree Mound<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |外廚 <br /> |Wài Chú<br /> |Waichu<br /> |<br /> |Outer Kitchen<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |外屏 <br /> |Wài Píng<br /> |Waiping<br /> |<br /> |Outer Screen<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |王良 <br /> |Wáng Liáng<br /> |[[Wangliang]]<br /> |<br /> |Wang Liang<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |尾宿 <br /> |Wěi Xiù<br /> |[[Wei]]<br /> |<br /> |Tail Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |魏 <br /> |Wèi<br /> |Wei<br /> |<br /> |Wei<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |危宿 <br /> |Wēi Xiù<br /> |[[Wēi|Wei]]<br /> |<br /> |Rooftop Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |胃宿 <br /> |Wèi Xiù<br /> |[[Wèi|Wei]]<br /> |<br /> |Stomach Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |文昌 <br /> |Wén Chāng<br /> |Wenchang<br /> |<br /> |Administrative Centre<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |五車 <br /> |Wǔ Chē<br /> |Wuche<br /> |<br /> |Five Chariots<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |五帝內座 <br /> |Wǔ Dì Nèi Zuò<br /> |Wudi Neizuo<br /> |<br /> |Interior Seats of Five Emperors<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |五帝座 <br /> |Wǔ Dì Zuò<br /> |Wudizuo<br /> |<br /> |Thrones of the Five Emperors<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |五諸侯 <br /> |Wǔ Zhū Hóu<br /> |Wuzhuhou<br /> |<br /> |Five Feudal Kings<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |咸池 <br /> |Xián Chí<br /> |Xianchi<br /> |<br /> |Sacrad Pool<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |相 <br /> |Xiàng<br /> |Xiang<br /> |<br /> |Prime Minister<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |下台 <br /> |Xià Tái<br /> |[[Xiatai]]<br /> |<br /> |Lower Step<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |[[Xihe]]<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |modern star name<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |心宿 <br /> |Xīn Xiù<br /> |Xin<br /> |<br /> |Heart Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |星宿 <br /> |Xīng Xiù<br /> |Xing<br /> |<br /> |Seven Star Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |幸臣 <br /> |Xìng Chén<br /> |Xingchen<br /> |<br /> |Officer of Honour<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |西咸 <br /> |Xī Xián<br /> |Xixian<br /> |<br /> |Western Door<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |奚仲 <br /> |Xī Zhòng<br /> |Xizhong<br /> |<br /> |Xi Zhong<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |虛宿 <br /> |Xū Xiù<br /> |Xu<br /> |<br /> |Ruins Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |玄戈 <br /> |Xuán Gē<br /> |[[Xuange]]<br /> |<br /> |Sombre Lance<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |[[Xuanyuan|軒轅]]<br /> |[[Xuanyuan|Xuānyuán]]<br /> |[[Xuanyuan]]<br /> |<br /> |Xuanyuan<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |虛梁 <br /> |Xū Liáng<br /> |Xuliang<br /> |<br /> |Temple without Beams<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |燕 <br /> |Yān<br /> |Yan <br /> |<br /> |Yan<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |陽門 <br /> |Yáng Mén<br /> |Yangmen<br /> |<br /> |Gate of Yang<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |搖光 <br /> |Yáo Guāng<br /> |Yaoguang<br /> |<br /> |Twinkling Brilliance<br /> |normally a name for eta UMa but as this star is named Alkaid (applied to a star closeby)<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |野雞 <br /> |Yě Jī<br /> |Yeji<br /> |<br /> |Wild Cockerel<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |謁者 <br /> |Yè Zhě<br /> |Yezhe<br /> |<br /> |Usher of the Court<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |翼宿 <br /> |Yì Xiù<br /> |Yi<br /> |<br /> |Wings Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |陰德 <br /> |Yīn Dé<br /> |Yinde<br /> |<br /> |Hidden Virtue<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |右更 <br /> |Yòu Gēng<br /> |Yougeng<br /> |<br /> |Official in Charge of Pasturing<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |右旗<br /> |Yòu Qí<br /> |Youqi<br /> |<br /> |Right Flag<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |右攝提 <br /> |Yòu Shè Tí<br /> |Yousheti<br /> |<br /> |Right Conductor<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |右辖 <br /> |Yòu Xiá<br /> |Youxia<br /> |<br /> |Right Linchpin<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |魚 <br /> |Yú<br /> |Yu<br /> |<br /> |Fish<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |越 <br /> |Yuè<br /> |Yue<br /> |<br /> |Yue<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |鉞 <br /> |Yuè<br /> |Yue<br /> |<br /> |Battle Axe<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |月 <br /> |Yuè<br /> |Yue<br /> |<br /> |Moon<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |玉衡 <br /> |Yù Héng<br /> |Yuheng<br /> |<br /> |Jade Sighting-tube<br /> |normally a name for eps UMa who is already named Alioth ( thus applied to a star closeby)<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |玉井 <br /> |Yù Jǐng<br /> |Yujing<br /> |<br /> |Jade Well<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |羽林軍 <br /> |Yǔ Lín Jūn<br /> |Yulinjun<br /> |<br /> |Royal Guards<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |[[Yunü|御女]]<br /> |[[Yunü|Yù Nǚ]]<br /> |[[Yunü]]<br /> |<br /> |Maids-in-waiting<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |雲雨 <br /> |Yún Yǔ<br /> |Yunyu<br /> |<br /> |Cloud and Rain<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |造父 <br /> |Zào Fù<br /> |Zaofu<br /> |<br /> |Zao Fu<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |[[Zhang]]<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |modern star name based on a Chinese original<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |丈人 <br /> |Zhàng Rén<br /> |Zhangren<br /> |<br /> |Elderly Person<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |張宿 <br /> |Zhāng Xiù<br /> |Zhangzun<br /> |<br /> |Extended Net Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |趙 <br /> |Zhào<br /> |Zhao <br /> |<br /> |Zhao<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |招搖 <br /> |Zhāo Yáo<br /> |Zhaoyao<br /> |<br /> |A Kind of Weapon, Sword or Spear<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |軫宿 <br /> |Zhěn Xiù<br /> |Zhen<br /> |<br /> |Chariot Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |陣車 <br /> |Zhèn Chē<br /> |Zhenche<br /> |<br /> |Battle Chariots<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |鄭 <br /> |Zhèng<br /> |Zheng<br /> |<br /> |Zheng<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |折威 <br /> |Zhé Wēi<br /> |Zhewei<br /> |<br /> |Warden<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |織女 <br /> |Zhī Nǚ<br /> |Zhinu<br /> |<br /> |Weaving Girl<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |中台 <br /> |Zhōng Tái<br /> |[[Zhongtai]]<br /> |<br /> |Middle Step<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |[[Zhou|周]]<br /> |[[Zhou|Zhōu]]<br /> |[[Zhou]]<br /> |<br /> |Zhou<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |周鼎 <br /> |Zhōu Dǐng<br /> |Zhouding<br /> |<br /> |Tripod of the Zhou<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |柱 <br /> |Zhù<br /> |Zhu<br /> |<br /> |Pillars<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |柱史 <br /> |Zhù Xià Shǐ<br /> |Zhu Xia Shi <br /> |<br /> |Officer in Charge of Public Announcements<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |諸王 <br /> |Zhū Wáng<br /> |Zhuwang<br /> |<br /> |Feudal Kings<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |觜宿 <br /> |Zī Xiù<br /> |Zi<br /> |<br /> |Bird Beak Mansion<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |子 <br /> |Zǐ<br /> |Zi<br /> |<br /> |Son<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |紫宮 <br /> |Zǐ Gōng<br /> |[[Zigong]]<br /> |<br /> |Purple Palace<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |宗 <br /> |Zōng<br /> |Zong<br /> |<br /> |Ancestors<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |宗人 <br /> |Zōng Rén<br /> |Zongren<br /> |<br /> |Asistants of Zong Zheng<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |[[Zongzheng|宗正]]<br /> |[[Zongzheng|Zōng Zhèng]]<br /> |[[Zongzheng]]<br /> |<br /> |Official for Royal Clan<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |左更 <br /> |Zuó Gēng<br /> |Zuogeng<br /> |<br /> |Official in Charge of Forest<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |左旗 <br /> |Zuǒ Qí<br /> |Zuoqi<br /> |<br /> |Left Flag<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |座旗 <br /> |Zuò Qí<br /> |Zuoqi<br /> |<br /> |Seat Flags<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |左攝提 <br /> |Zuǒ Shè Tí<br /> |Zuosheti<br /> |<br /> |Left Conductor<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |左辖 <br /> |Zuǒ Xiá<br /> |Zuoxia<br /> |<br /> |Left Linchpin<br /> |<br /> |}<br /> [[Category:Overviews]]<br /> [[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:East Asian]][[Category:Chinese]]<br /> [[Category:Service]]</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Qigong&diff=39517 2026-03-04T11:58:29Z

<p>Boshunyang: /* Identification of stars */</p> <hr /> <div>{{DISPLAYTITLE: Qigong (七公)}}<br /> Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----<br /> ''Qī Gōng'' (Seven Excellencies, 七公) is a Chinese asterism composed of seven stars. Its configuration resembles that of ''[[Tianji]]'' (Celestial Discipline, 天紀), forming an east–west alignment that stretches across the modern constellations ''Hercules'', ''Corona Borealis'', and ''Boötes''. The coordinate of its determinative star was first measured in the Western Han period (around 100 BCE), indicating that the asterism has existed for at least twenty-one centuries. <br /> <br /> == Concordance, Etymology, History ==<br /> The name ''Qigong'' (“Seven Dukes”) refers to a group of high-ranking officials responsible for deliberation and judicial review. As explained in the ''Shì shi zan'' (Star Canon of Master Shi, 石氏星經):&lt;blockquote&gt;“The Seven Dukes deliberate on doubts and distinguish good from evil; they serve as the ministers who administer justice in Heaven.”&lt;/blockquote&gt;The asterism symbolically comprises the officials ''Sān Gōng'' (Three Excellencies，三公), ''Zuǒ Fǔ'' (Left Assistant，左辅), ''Yòu Bì'' (Right Aide，右弼), ''Qián Yí'' (Front Counselor，前疑), and ''Hòu Chéng'' (Rear Minister，后丞). Together they were imagined as adjudicating doubtful legal cases, examining punishments, and ensuring careful judicial deliberation. Astrological interpretation held that if the stars appeared orderly and bright, the laws of the state would be just and well administered; if they appeared irregular(in position or brightness), wrongful judgments and miscarriages of justice would increase.<br /> <br /> The ''Wei shu'' (Book of Wei, 魏書), juan 91 (“Treatise on Arts and Techniques”), explicitly associates ''Qī Gōng'' with ''Guàn Suǒ'' (Heavenly Prison, 貫索):&lt;blockquote&gt;“The Seven Dukes, seven stars, lie east of ''Zhāo Yáo'' and close to ''Guàn Suǒ''. ''Guàn Suǒ'' represents the celestial prison; when punishments and judgments lose their proper balance, the Seven Dukes deliberate and rectify injustices.”&lt;/blockquote&gt;In addition, the asterism ''Tiān Jì'' (Celestial Discipline, 天紀) lies immediately to the lower left of ''Qī Gōng''. Together, these three asterisms form a closely related symbolic complex representing the judicial institutions of Heaven.<br /> <br /> === Identification of stars ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Star Names or Orders(Qing)<br /> !Ho PENG YOKE&lt;ref&gt;P.-Y. Ho, “Ancient And Mediaeval Observations of Comets and Novae in Chinese Sources,” ''Vistas in Astronomy'', 5(1962), 127-225.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> !Yi Shitong&lt;ref&gt;Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Based on catalogue in 18th century<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p443.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty<br /> !SUN X. &amp; J. Kistemaker&lt;ref&gt;Sun Xiaochun. &amp; Kistemaker J. ''The Chinese sky during the Han''. Leiden: Brill. 1997, Pp241-6.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Han Dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> before Tang dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> Song Huangyou(1052)<br /> |-<br /> | 1st(determinative)<br /> | 42 Her<br /> | 42 Her<br /> | gamma Boo<br /> | del Boo<br /> | beta Boo<br /> | beta Boo<br /> | gamma Boo<br /> |-<br /> | 2nd<br /> | tau Her<br /> | tau Her<br /> | beta Boo<br /> | mu1 Boo<br /> | mu1 Boo<br /> | mu1 Boo<br /> | beta Boo<br /> |-<br /> | 3rd<br /> | phi Her<br /> | phi Her<br /> | mu1 Boo<br /> | zeta1 CrB<br /> | zeta1 CrB<br /> | zeta1 CrB<br /> | mu1 Boo<br /> |-<br /> |4th<br /> | chi Her<br /> | chi Her<br /> | gamma CrB<br /> | kappa CrB<br /> | kappa CrB<br /> | kappa CrB<br /> | zeta1 CrB<br /> |-<br /> |5th<br /> |nu1 Boo<br /> |nu1 Boo<br /> |25 Her<br /> |tau CrB<br /> |tau CrB<br /> |tau CrB<br /> |kappa CrB<br /> |-<br /> |6th<br /> |mu1 Boo<br /> |mu1 Boo<br /> |eta He<br /> |25 Her<br /> |<br /> |25 Her<br /> |tau CrB<br /> |-<br /> |7th<br /> |del Boo<br /> |del Boo<br /> |HIP 83947<br /> |eta Her<br /> |eta Her<br /> |eta Her<br /> |sigma Her<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Maps (Gallery) ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !historical map<br /> !modern identification<br /> !same in Stellarium<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Dunhuang Star Map.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Dunhuang Star Map]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang based on Dunhuang Star Map and Master Shi's Star Catalogue (about 100 BCE).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang(2023) based on Dunhuang Star Map and Master Shi's Star Catalogue (about 100 BCE)]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty reconstructed based on Dun Huang Star Map and Master Shi's Star Catalogue (about 100 BCE).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty reconstructed based on Dun Huang Star Map and Master Shi's Star Catalogue (about 100 BCE)]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in ''Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido'']]<br /> |<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty based on Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido (by Boshun Yang).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty based on ''Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido'' (by Boshun Yang)]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Gezi yuejin tu.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in ''Gezi yuejin tu'']]<br /> |<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai (in Stellarium).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai (in Stellarium)]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Xin yixiang fayao Star Map.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in ''Xin yixiang fayao'' Star Map]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai based on ''Xin yixiang fayao'' Star Map and Huangyou Star Catalogue]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Suzhou Star Map.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Suzhou Star Map]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang based on Suzhou Star Map and Huangyou Star Catalogue (about 1052 CE).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang(2023) based on Suzhou Star Map and Huangyou Star Catalogue (about 1052 CE)]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang(in Stellarium).jpg|thumb|'''Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang(in Stellarium)''']]<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |[[File:Qigong in Yuan dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang based on Tianwen huichao Star Catalogue (1360s).jpg|thumb|Qigong in Yuan dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang based on ''Tianwen huichao'' Star Catalogue (1360s)]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Yuan dynasty (1360s) in Stellarium.jpg|thumb|'''Qigong and Guansuo in Yuan dynasty (1360s) in Stellarium''']]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Yixiang kaocheng Stat Map (18th century).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in ''Yixiang kaocheng'' Stat Map (18th century)]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Qing dynasty reconstructed by YI Shitong based on Yixiang kaocheng Star Catalogue (18th century).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Qing dynasty reconstructed by YI Shitong based on ''Yixiang kaocheng'' Star Catalogue (18th century)]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Qing dynasty (18th century) in Stellarium.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Qing dynasty (18th century) in Stellarium]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> <br /> == Star Name Discussion (IAU) ==<br /> In 202x, the name of the historical constellation &quot;xxx&quot; was suggested to be used for one of the stars in this constellation. ...<br /> <br /> Decision: ... <br /> <br /> ==References ==<br /> [[References (Chinese)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[Category:Asterism ]]<br /> [[Category:Constellation ]]<br /> [[Category:Eurasia]]<br /> [[Category:East Asian]]<br /> [[Category:Chinese ]]</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Qigong&diff=39473 2026-03-04T10:26:09Z

<p>Boshunyang: </p> <hr /> <div>{{DISPLAYTITLE: Qigong (七公)}}<br /> Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----<br /> ''Qī Gōng'' (Seven Excellencies, 七公) is a Chinese asterism composed of seven stars. Its configuration resembles that of ''[[Tianji]]'' (Celestial Discipline, 天紀), forming an east–west alignment that stretches across the modern constellations ''Hercules'', ''Corona Borealis'', and ''Boötes''. The coordinate of its determinative star was first measured in the Western Han period (around 100 BCE), indicating that the asterism has existed for at least twenty-one centuries. <br /> <br /> == Concordance, Etymology, History ==<br /> The name ''Qigong'' (“Seven Dukes”) refers to a group of high-ranking officials responsible for deliberation and judicial review. As explained in the ''Shì shi zan'' (Star Canon of Master Shi, 石氏星經):&lt;blockquote&gt;“The Seven Dukes deliberate on doubts and distinguish good from evil; they serve as the ministers who administer justice in Heaven.”&lt;/blockquote&gt;The asterism symbolically comprises the officials ''Sān Gōng'' (Three Excellencies，三公), ''Zuǒ Fǔ'' (Left Assistant，左辅), ''Yòu Bì'' (Right Aide，右弼), ''Qián Yí'' (Front Counselor，前疑), and ''Hòu Chéng'' (Rear Minister，后丞). Together they were imagined as adjudicating doubtful legal cases, examining punishments, and ensuring careful judicial deliberation. Astrological interpretation held that if the stars appeared orderly and bright, the laws of the state would be just and well administered; if they appeared irregular(in position or brightness), wrongful judgments and miscarriages of justice would increase.<br /> <br /> The ''Wei shu'' (Book of Wei, 魏書), juan 91 (“Treatise on Arts and Techniques”), explicitly associates ''Qī Gōng'' with ''Guàn Suǒ'' (Heavenly Prison, 貫索):&lt;blockquote&gt;“The Seven Dukes, seven stars, lie east of ''Zhāo Yáo'' and close to ''Guàn Suǒ''. ''Guàn Suǒ'' represents the celestial prison; when punishments and judgments lose their proper balance, the Seven Dukes deliberate and rectify injustices.”&lt;/blockquote&gt;In addition, the asterism ''Tiān Jì'' (Celestial Discipline, 天紀) lies immediately to the lower left of ''Qī Gōng''. Together, these three asterisms form a closely related symbolic complex representing the judicial institutions of Heaven.<br /> <br /> === Identification of stars ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Star Names or Orders(Traditional/Qing)<br /> !Ho PENG YOKE&lt;ref&gt;P.-Y. Ho, “Ancient And Mediaeval Observations of Comets and Novae in Chinese Sources,” ''Vistas in Astronomy'', 5(1962), 127-225.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> !Yi Shitong&lt;ref&gt;Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Based on catalogue in 18th century<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p443.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty<br /> !SUN X. &amp; J. Kistemaker&lt;ref&gt;Sun Xiaochun. &amp; Kistemaker J. ''The Chinese sky during the Han''. Leiden: Brill. 1997, Pp241-6.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Han Dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> before Tang dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> Song Jingyou(1034)<br /> |-<br /> | 1st/4th<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> |-<br /> | 2nd/3rd<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> |-<br /> | 3rd/2nd<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> |-<br /> |4th/1st<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Maps (Gallery) ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !historical map<br /> !modern identification<br /> !same in Stellarium<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Dunhuang Star Map.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Dunhuang Star Map]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang based on Dunhuang Star Map and Master Shi's Star Catalogue (about 100 BCE).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang(2023) based on Dunhuang Star Map and Master Shi's Star Catalogue (about 100 BCE)]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty reconstructed based on Dun Huang Star Map and Master Shi's Star Catalogue (about 100 BCE).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty reconstructed based on Dun Huang Star Map and Master Shi's Star Catalogue (about 100 BCE)]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in ''Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido'']]<br /> |<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty based on Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido (by Boshun Yang).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty based on ''Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido'' (by Boshun Yang)]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Gezi yuejin tu.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in ''Gezi yuejin tu'']]<br /> |<br /> | rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai (in Stellarium).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai (in Stellarium)]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Xin yixiang fayao Star Map.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in ''Xin yixiang fayao'' Star Map]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai based on ''Xin yixiang fayao'' Star Map and Huangyou Star Catalogue]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Suzhou Star Map.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Suzhou Star Map]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang based on Suzhou Star Map and Huangyou Star Catalogue (about 1052 CE).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang(2023) based on Suzhou Star Map and Huangyou Star Catalogue (about 1052 CE)]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang(in Stellarium).jpg|thumb|'''Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang(in Stellarium)''']]<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |[[File:Qigong in Yuan dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang based on Tianwen huichao Star Catalogue (1360s).jpg|thumb|Qigong in Yuan dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang based on ''Tianwen huichao'' Star Catalogue (1360s)]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Yuan dynasty (1360s) in Stellarium.jpg|thumb|'''Qigong and Guansuo in Yuan dynasty (1360s) in Stellarium''']]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Yixiang kaocheng Stat Map (18th century).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in ''Yixiang kaocheng'' Stat Map (18th century)]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Qing dynasty reconstructed by YI Shitong based on Yixiang kaocheng Star Catalogue (18th century).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Qing dynasty reconstructed by YI Shitong based on ''Yixiang kaocheng'' Star Catalogue (18th century)]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Qing dynasty (18th century) in Stellarium.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Qing dynasty (18th century) in Stellarium]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> <br /> == Star Name Discussion (IAU) ==<br /> In 202x, the name of the historical constellation &quot;xxx&quot; was suggested to be used for one of the stars in this constellation. ...<br /> <br /> Decision: ... <br /> <br /> ==References ==<br /> [[References (Chinese)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[Category:Asterism ]]<br /> [[Category:Constellation ]]<br /> [[Category:Eurasia]]<br /> [[Category:East Asian]]<br /> [[Category:Chinese ]]</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Qigong&diff=39472 2026-03-04T10:16:12Z

<p>Boshunyang: </p> <hr /> <div>{{DISPLAYTITLE: Qigong (七公)}}<br /> Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----<br /> ''Qī Gōng'' (Seven Excellencies, 七公) is a Chinese asterism composed of seven stars. Its configuration resembles that of ''[[Tianji]]'' (Celestial Discipline, 天紀), forming an east–west alignment that stretches across the modern constellations ''Hercules'', ''Corona Borealis'', and ''Boötes''. The coordinate of its determinative star was first measured in the Western Han period (around 100 BCE), indicating that the asterism has existed for at least twenty-one centuries. <br /> <br /> == Concordance, Etymology, History ==<br /> The name ''Qigong'' (“Seven Dukes”) refers to a group of high-ranking officials responsible for deliberation and judicial review. As explained in the ''Shì shi zan'' (Star Canon of Master Shi, 石氏星經):&lt;blockquote&gt;“The Seven Dukes deliberate on doubts and distinguish good from evil; they serve as the ministers who administer justice in Heaven.”&lt;/blockquote&gt;The asterism symbolically comprises the officials ''Sān Gōng'' (Three Excellencies，三公), ''Zuǒ Fǔ'' (Left Assistant，左辅), ''Yòu Bì'' (Right Aide，右弼), ''Qián Yí'' (Front Counselor，前疑), and ''Hòu Chéng'' (Rear Minister，后丞). Together they were imagined as adjudicating doubtful legal cases, examining punishments, and ensuring careful judicial deliberation. Astrological interpretation held that if the stars appeared orderly and bright, the laws of the state would be just and well administered; if they appeared irregular(in position or brightness), wrongful judgments and miscarriages of justice would increase.<br /> <br /> The ''Wei shu'' (Book of Wei, 魏書), juan 91 (“Treatise on Arts and Techniques”), explicitly associates ''Qī Gōng'' with ''Guàn Suǒ'' (Heavenly Prison, 貫索):&lt;blockquote&gt;“The Seven Dukes, seven stars, lie east of ''Zhāo Yáo'' and close to ''Guàn Suǒ''. ''Guàn Suǒ'' represents the celestial prison; when punishments and judgments lose their proper balance, the Seven Dukes deliberate and rectify injustices.”&lt;/blockquote&gt;In addition, the asterism ''Tiān Jì'' (Celestial Discipline, 天紀) lies immediately to the lower left of ''Qī Gōng''. Together, these three asterisms form a closely related symbolic complex representing the judicial institutions of Heaven.<br /> <br /> === Identification of stars ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Star Names or Orders(Traditional/Qing)<br /> !Ho PENG YOKE&lt;ref&gt;P.-Y. Ho, “Ancient And Mediaeval Observations of Comets and Novae in Chinese Sources,” ''Vistas in Astronomy'', 5(1962), 127-225.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> !Yi Shitong&lt;ref&gt;Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Based on catalogue in 18th century<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p443.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty<br /> !SUN X. &amp; J. Kistemaker&lt;ref&gt;Sun Xiaochun. &amp; Kistemaker J. ''The Chinese sky during the Han''. Leiden: Brill. 1997, Pp241-6.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Han Dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> before Tang dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> Song Jingyou(1034)<br /> |-<br /> | 1st/4th<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> |-<br /> | 2nd/3rd<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> |-<br /> | 3rd/2nd<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> |-<br /> |4th/1st<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Maps (Gallery) ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !historical map<br /> !modern identification<br /> !same in Stellarium<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Dunhuang Star Map.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Dunhuang Star Map]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang based on Dunhuang Star Map and Master Shi's Star Catalogue (about 100 BCE).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang(2023) based on Dunhuang Star Map and Master Shi's Star Catalogue (about 100 BCE)]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty reconstructed based on Dun Huang Star Map and Master Shi's Star Catalogue (about 100 BCE).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty reconstructed based on Dun Huang Star Map and Master Shi's Star Catalogue (about 100 BCE)]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in ''Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido'']]<br /> |<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty based on Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido (by Boshun Yang).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty based on ''Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido'' (by Boshun Yang)]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Gezi yuejin tu.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in ''Gezi yuejin tu'']]<br /> |<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Tang dynasty (8th century) reconstructed based on Gezi yuejin tu by Boshun Yang.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Tang dynasty (8th century) reconstructed based on ''Gezi yuejin tu'' by Boshun Yang]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Xin yixiang fayao Star Map.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in ''Xin yixiang fayao'' Star Map]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai based on ''Xin yixiang fayao'' Star Map and Huangyou Star Catalogue]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai (in Stellarium).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai (in Stellarium)]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Suzhou Star Map.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Suzhou Star Map]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang based on Suzhou Star Map and Huangyou Star Catalogue (about 1052 CE).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang(2023) based on Suzhou Star Map and Huangyou Star Catalogue (about 1052 CE)]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang(in Stellarium).jpg|thumb|'''Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang(in Stellarium)''']]<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |[[File:Qigong in Yuan dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang based on Tianwen huichao Star Catalogue (1360s).jpg|thumb|Qigong in Yuan dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang based on ''Tianwen huichao'' Star Catalogue (1360s)]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Yuan dynasty (1360s) in Stellarium.jpg|thumb|'''Qigong and Guansuo in Yuan dynasty (1360s) in Stellarium''']]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Yixiang kaocheng Stat Map (18th century).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in ''Yixiang kaocheng'' Stat Map (18th century)]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Qing dynasty reconstructed by YI Shitong based on Yixiang kaocheng Star Catalogue (18th century).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Qing dynasty reconstructed by YI Shitong based on ''Yixiang kaocheng'' Star Catalogue (18th century)]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Qing dynasty (18th century) in Stellarium.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Qing dynasty (18th century) in Stellarium]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> <br /> == Star Name Discussion (IAU) ==<br /> In 202x, the name of the historical constellation &quot;xxx&quot; was suggested to be used for one of the stars in this constellation. ...<br /> <br /> Decision: ... <br /> <br /> ==References ==<br /> [[References (Chinese)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[Category:Asterism ]]<br /> [[Category:Constellation ]]<br /> [[Category:Eurasia]]<br /> [[Category:East Asian]]<br /> [[Category:Chinese ]]</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Qigong&diff=39471 2026-03-04T10:12:12Z

<p>Boshunyang: </p> <hr /> <div>{{DISPLAYTITLE: Qigong (七公)}}<br /> Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----<br /> ''Qī Gōng'' (Seven Excellencies, 七公) is a Chinese asterism composed of seven stars. Its configuration resembles that of ''[[Tianji]]'' (Celestial Discipline, 天紀), forming an east–west alignment that stretches across the modern constellations ''Hercules'', ''Corona Borealis'', and ''Boötes''. The coordinate of its determinative star was first measured in the Western Han period (around 100 BCE), indicating that the asterism has existed for at least twenty-one centuries. <br /> <br /> == Concordance, Etymology, History ==<br /> The name ''Qigong'' (“Seven Dukes”) refers to a group of high-ranking officials responsible for deliberation and judicial review. As explained in the ''Shì shi zan'' (Star Canon of Master Shi, 石氏星經):&lt;blockquote&gt;“The Seven Dukes deliberate on doubts and distinguish good from evil; they serve as the ministers who administer justice in Heaven.”&lt;/blockquote&gt;The asterism symbolically comprises the officials ''Sān Gōng'' (Three Excellencies，三公), ''Zuǒ Fǔ'' (Left Assistant，左辅), ''Yòu Bì'' (Right Aide，右弼), ''Qián Yí'' (Front Counselor，前疑), and ''Hòu Chéng'' (Rear Minister，后丞). Together they were imagined as adjudicating doubtful legal cases, examining punishments, and ensuring careful judicial deliberation. Astrological interpretation held that if the stars appeared orderly and bright, the laws of the state would be just and well administered; if they appeared irregular(in position or brightness), wrongful judgments and miscarriages of justice would increase.<br /> <br /> The ''Wei shu'' (Book of Wei, 魏書), juan 91 (“Treatise on Arts and Techniques”), explicitly associates ''Qī Gōng'' with ''Guàn Suǒ'' (Heavenly Prison, 貫索):&lt;blockquote&gt;“The Seven Dukes, seven stars, lie east of ''Zhāo Yáo'' and close to ''Guàn Suǒ''. ''Guàn Suǒ'' represents the celestial prison; when punishments and judgments lose their proper balance, the Seven Dukes deliberate and rectify injustices.”&lt;/blockquote&gt;In addition, the asterism ''Tiān Jì'' (Celestial Discipline, 天紀) lies immediately to the lower left of ''Qī Gōng''. Together, these three asterisms form a closely related symbolic complex representing the judicial institutions of Heaven.<br /> <br /> === Identification of stars ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Star Names or Orders(Traditional/Qing)<br /> !Ho PENG YOKE&lt;ref&gt;P.-Y. Ho, “Ancient And Mediaeval Observations of Comets and Novae in Chinese Sources,” ''Vistas in Astronomy'', 5(1962), 127-225.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> !Yi Shitong&lt;ref&gt;Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Based on catalogue in 18th century<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p443.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty<br /> !SUN X. &amp; J. Kistemaker&lt;ref&gt;Sun Xiaochun. &amp; Kistemaker J. ''The Chinese sky during the Han''. Leiden: Brill. 1997, Pp241-6.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Han Dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> before Tang dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> Song Jingyou(1034)<br /> |-<br /> | 1st/4th<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> |-<br /> | 2nd/3rd<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> |-<br /> | 3rd/2nd<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> |-<br /> |4th/1st<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Maps (Gallery) ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !historical map<br /> !modern identification<br /> !same in Stellarium<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Dunhuang Star Map.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Dunhuang Star Map]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang based on Dunhuang Star Map and Master Shi's Star Catalogue (about 100 BCE).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang(2023) based on Dunhuang Star Map and Master Shi's Star Catalogue (about 100 BCE)]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty reconstructed based on Dun Huang Star Map and Master Shi's Star Catalogue (about 100 BCE).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty reconstructed based on Dun Huang Star Map and Master Shi's Star Catalogue (about 100 BCE)]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in ''Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido'']]<br /> |<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty based on Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido (by Boshun Yang).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo before Tang dynasty based on ''Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido'' (by Boshun Yang)]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Gezi yuejin tu.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in ''Gezi yuejin tu'']]<br /> |<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Tang dynasty (8th century) reconstructed based on Gezi yuejin tu by Boshun Yang.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Tang dynasty (8th century) reconstructed based on ''Gezi yuejin tu'' by Boshun Yang]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Xin yixiang fayao Star Map.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in ''Xin yixiang fayao'' Star Map]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai based on ''Xin yixiang fayao'' Star Map and Huangyou Star Catalogue]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai (in Stellarium).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai (in Stellarium)]]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Suzhou Star Map.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Suzhou Star Map]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang based on Suzhou Star Map and Huangyou Star Catalogue (about 1052 CE).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang(2023) based on Suzhou Star Map and Huangyou Star Catalogue (about 1052 CE)]]<br /> |<br /> |-<br /> |<br /> |[[File:Qigong in Yuan dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang based on Tianwen huichao Star Catalogue (1360s).jpg|thumb|Qigong in Yuan dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang based on ''Tianwen huichao'' Star Catalogue (1360s)]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Yuan dynasty (1360s) in Stellarium.jpg|thumb|'''Qigong and Guansuo in Yuan dynasty (1360s) in Stellarium''']]<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Yixiang kaocheng Stat Map (18th century).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in ''Yixiang kaocheng'' Stat Map (18th century)]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Qing dynasty reconstructed by YI Shitong based on Yixiang kaocheng Star Catalogue (18th century).jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Qing dynasty reconstructed by YI Shitong based on ''Yixiang kaocheng'' Star Catalogue (18th century)]]<br /> |[[File:Qigong and Guansuo in Qing dynasty (18th century) in Stellarium.jpg|thumb|Qigong and Guansuo in Qing dynasty (18th century) in Stellarium]]<br /> |}<br /> <br /> <br /> == Star Name Discussion (IAU) ==<br /> In 202x, the name of the historical constellation &quot;xxx&quot; was suggested to be used for one of the stars in this constellation. ...<br /> <br /> Decision: ... <br /> <br /> ==References ==<br /> [[References (Chinese)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[Category:Asterism ]]<br /> [[Category:Constellation ]]<br /> [[Category:Eurasia]]<br /> [[Category:East Asian]]<br /> [[Category:Chinese ]]</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=File:Qigong_and_Guansuo_in_Song_dynasty_reconstructed_by_Boshun_Yang(in_Stellarium).jpg&diff=39470 2026-03-04T10:09:01Z

<p>Boshunyang: Boshunyang uploaded a new version of File:Qigong and Guansuo in Song dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang(in Stellarium).jpg</p> <hr /> <div><br /> == Licensing ==<br /> {{cc-by-4.0}}</div>

Boshunyang https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Qigong&diff=39469 2026-03-04T09:57:26Z

<p>Boshunyang: Created page with &quot;{{DISPLAYTITLE: Qigong (七公)}} Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}} ---- Chinese constellation. == Concordance, Etymology, History == ... === Identification of stars === {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; |+ !Star Names or Orders(Traditional/Qing) !Ho PENG YOKE&lt;ref&gt;P.-Y. Ho, “Ancient And Mediaeval Observations of Comets and Novae in Chinese Sources,” &#039;&#039;Vistas in Astronomy&#039;&#039;, 5(1962), 127-225.&lt;/ref&gt; !Yi Shitong&lt;ref&gt;Yi Shitong伊世同. &#039;&#039;Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao&#039;&#039;中西对照恒...&quot;</p> <hr /> <div>{{DISPLAYTITLE: Qigong (七公)}}<br /> Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}<br /> ----<br /> Chinese constellation. <br /> <br /> == Concordance, Etymology, History ==<br /> ...<br /> <br /> === Identification of stars ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !Star Names or Orders(Traditional/Qing)<br /> !Ho PENG YOKE&lt;ref&gt;P.-Y. Ho, “Ancient And Mediaeval Observations of Comets and Novae in Chinese Sources,” ''Vistas in Astronomy'', 5(1962), 127-225.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> !Yi Shitong&lt;ref&gt;Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Based on catalogue in 18th century<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map<br /> !Pan Nai&lt;ref&gt;Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p443.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty<br /> !SUN X. &amp; J. Kistemaker&lt;ref&gt;Sun Xiaochun. &amp; Kistemaker J. ''The Chinese sky during the Han''. Leiden: Brill. 1997, Pp241-6.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> Han Dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.&lt;/ref&gt;<br /> before Tang dynasty<br /> !Boshun Yang&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;<br /> Song Jingyou(1034)<br /> |-<br /> | 1st/4th<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> |-<br /> | 2nd/3rd<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> |-<br /> | 3rd/2nd<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> |-<br /> |4th/1st<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> | x<br /> |}<br /> <br /> === Maps (Gallery) ===<br /> {| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;<br /> |+<br /> !historical map<br /> !modern identification<br /> (Yang 2023)<br /> !same in Stellarium 24.4<br /> |-<br /> |[[File:Kulou on the Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido Star Chart.jpg|alt=historical image of Kulou (Korea)|thumb|Kulou on the Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido Star Chart]]<br /> |<br /> |<br /> |}<br /> <br /> <br /> == Star Name Discussion (IAU) ==<br /> In 202x, the name of the historical constellation &quot;xxx&quot; was suggested to be used for one of the stars in this constellation. ...<br /> <br /> Decision: ... <br /> <br /> ==References ==<br /> [[References (Chinese)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> [[Category:Asterism ]]<br /> [[Category:Constellation ]]<br /> [[Category:Eurasia]]<br /> [[Category:East Asian]]<br /> [[Category:Chinese ]]</div>

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