All Skies Encyclopaedia - User contributions [en]

Zaofu

2026-04-13T05:43:02Z

HaochengLyu: Supplementary entry content

{{DISPLAYTITLE: Zaofu}}
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
Zàofù (造父), is a Chinese constellation Consists of 5 stars located within the Cepheus. This constellation is related to another Chinese constellation [[Wangliang|Wang]] [[Wangliang|Liang]].

== Concordance, Etymology, History ==

=== Identification of stars ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Star Names or Orders(Qing)
!Ho PENG YOKE<ref>P.-Y. Ho, “Ancient And Mediaeval Observations of Comets and Novae in Chinese Sources,” ''Vistas in Astronomy'', 5(1962), 127-225.</ref>
!Yi Shitong<ref>Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.</ref>
Based on catalogue in 18th century
!Pan Nai<ref name=":0">Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.</ref>
based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map
!SUN X. & J. Kistemaker<ref>Sun Xiaochun. & Kistemaker J. ''The Chinese sky during the Han''. Leiden: Brill. 1997, Pp241-6.</ref>
Han Dynasty
!Boshun Yang<ref name=":1">B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.</ref>
before Tang dynasty
!Boshun Yang<ref name=":1" />
Song Jingyou(1034)
|-
| 1st/determinative
| δ Cep
| δ Cep
| δ Cep
| δ Cep
| δ Cep
| δ Cep
|-
| 2nd
| ζ Cep
| ζ Cep
| V509 Lac
| ε Cep
| ε Cep
| AR Cas
|-
| 3rd
| λ Cep
| λ Cep
| V416 Lac
| ζ Cep
| ζ Cep
| V509 Lac
|-
|4th
| μ Cep
| μ Cep
| ζ Cep
| μ Cep
| λ Cep
| 1 Cas
|-
|5th
|ν Cep
|ν Cep
|λ Cep
|ν Cep
|HIP 109592
|V416 Lac
|}

=== Maps (Gallery) ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!historical map
!modern identification
(Yang 2023)
!same in Stellarium 24.4
|-
|
|
|
|}

== IAU Working Group on Star Names ==
In 202x, the name of the historical constellation "xxx" was suggested to be used for one of the stars in this constellation. ...

Decision: ...

==References ==
[[References (Chinese)]]

[[Category:Asterism ]]
[[Category:Constellation ]]
[[Category:Eurasia]]
[[Category:East Asian]]
[[Category:Chinese ]]

Zaofu

2026-04-13T04:25:24Z

HaochengLyu: Created page Zaofu

{{DISPLAYTITLE: Pinyin (Chin.)}}
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
Zàofù (造父), is a Chinese constellation Consists of 5 stars.

== Concordance, Etymology, History ==
...

=== Identification of stars ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Star Names or Orders(Traditional/Qing)
!Ho PENG YOKE<ref>P.-Y. Ho, “Ancient And Mediaeval Observations of Comets and Novae in Chinese Sources,” ''Vistas in Astronomy'', 5(1962), 127-225.</ref>
!Yi Shitong<ref>Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.</ref>
Based on catalogue in 18th century
!Pan Nai<ref name=":0">Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.</ref>
based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map
!SUN X. & J. Kistemaker<ref>Sun Xiaochun. & Kistemaker J. ''The Chinese sky during the Han''. Leiden: Brill. 1997, Pp241-6.</ref>
Han Dynasty
!Boshun Yang<ref name=":1">B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.</ref>
before Tang dynasty
!Boshun Yang<ref name=":1" />
Song Jingyou(1034)
|-
| 1st/determinative
| δ Cep
| δ Cep
| δ Cep
| δ Cep
| δ Cep
| δ Cep
|-
| 2nd
| ζ Cep
| ζ Cep
| V509 Lac
| ε Cep
| ε Cep
| AR Cas
|-
| 3rd
| λ Cep
| λ Cep
| V416 Lac
| ζ Cep
| ζ Cep
| V509 Lac
|-
|4th
| μ Cep
| μ Cep
| ζ Cep
| μ Cep
| λ Cep
| 1 Cas
|-
|5th
|ν Cep
|ν Cep
|λ Cep
|ν Cep
|HIP 109592
|V416 Lac
|}

=== Maps (Gallery) ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!historical map
!modern identification
(Yang 2023)
!same in Stellarium 24.4
|-
|
|
|
|}

== IAU Working Group on Star Names ==
In 202x, the name of the historical constellation "xxx" was suggested to be used for one of the stars in this constellation. ...

Decision: ...

==References ==
[[References (Chinese)]]

[[Category:Asterism ]]
[[Category:Constellation ]]
[[Category:Eurasia]]
[[Category:East Asian]]
[[Category:Chinese ]]

Genghe

2026-04-03T14:22:38Z

HaochengLyu: Created page "Genghe"

Authors:
{{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----Gěnghé (Celestial Lance, 梗河), is a Chinese constellation Consists of 3 stars north of the Dajiao (Great Horn, 大角, α Boo).

== Concordance, Etymology, History ==
...

=== Identification of stars ===
The identification of Genghe is very consistent, corresponding to the three stars ε, σ, and ρ in the constellation Bootes.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Star Names or Orders(Traditional/Qing)
!Ho PENG YOKE<ref>P.-Y. Ho, “Ancient And Mediaeval Observations of Comets and Novae in Chinese Sources,” ''Vistas in Astronomy'', 5(1962), 127-225.</ref>
!Yi Shitong<ref>Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.</ref>
Based on catalogue in 18th century
!Pan Nai<ref name=":0">Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.</ref>
based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map
!Pan Nai<ref>Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p443.</ref>
based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty
!SUN X. & J. Kistemaker<ref>Sun Xiaochun. & Kistemaker J. ''The Chinese sky during the Han''. Leiden: Brill. 1997, Pp241-6.</ref>
Han Dynasty
!Boshun Yang<ref name=":1">B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.</ref>
before Tang dynasty
!Boshun Yang<ref name=":1" />
Song Jingyou(1034)
|-
|1st/determinative
|ε Boo
|ε Boo
|ε Boo
|ε Boo
|ε Boo
|ε Boo
|ε Boo
|-
|2nd
|σ Boo
|σ Boo
|σ Boo
|σ Boo
|σ Boo
|σ Boo
|σ Boo
|-
|3rd
|ρ Boo
|ρ Boo
|ρ Boo
|ρ Boo
|ρ Boo
|ρ Boo
|ρ Boo
|}
In the Huangyou (皇祐) Star Catalog of the Northern Song Dynasty (1052), the determinative star for Genghe is the southeast star ε Boo. However, in the earlier Shishi (石氏) Star Catalog and Jingyou (景祐) Star Catalog (1034), it is the northwest star ρ Boo.

=== Maps (Gallery) ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!historical map
!modern identification
(Yang 2023)
!same in Stellarium 24.4
|-
|
|
|
|}

== References ==
[[References (Chinese)]]

File:Bixiu in Stellarium.jpg

2026-03-04T13:36:24Z

HaochengLyu: HaochengLyu uploaded a new version of File:Bixiu in Stellarium.jpg

== Summary ==
Bixiu_in_Stellarium

Ping

2026-03-04T13:33:18Z

HaochengLyu: Added star maps

{{DISPLAYTITLE:Ping (屏)}}
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
Píng (屏, Screen) is a Chinese constellation. Its meaning is a screen in front of a toilet.

== Concordance, Etymology, History ==
Ping (屏, Screen), Ce (廁, or Tiance 天廁, Celestial Toilet), and Shi (屎, or Tianshi 天矢, Celestial Excrement) are a group of semantically related constellations. Ping is the barrier in front of the Celestial Toilet. These three constellations were used for divining epidemics and diseases across the land.

=== Identification of stars ===
Through out the history of imperial China, epsilon Lep is the determinative star in most times.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Star Names or Orders(Qing)
!Yi Shitong<ref>Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.</ref>
Based on catalogue in 18th century
!Pan Nai<ref name=":0">Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.</ref>
based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map
!SUN X. & J. Kistemaker<ref>Sun Xiaochun. & Kistemaker J. ''The Chinese sky during the Han''. Leiden: Brill. 1997, Pp241-6.</ref>
Han Dynasty
!Boshun Yang<ref name=":1">B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.</ref>
before Tang dynasty
!Boshun Yang<ref name=":1" />
Song Huangyou(1052)
|-
| 1st/Determinative
| mu Lep
| epsilon Lep
| epsilon Lep
| epsilon Lep
| epsilon Lep
|-
| 2nd
| epsilon Lep
| HIP 24927
| mu Lep
| mu Lep
| mu Lep
|}

=== Maps (Gallery) ===
The reconstruction of Ping (屏, Screen) is relatively consistent. Apart from Pan Nai's reconstruction based on the ''Xinyixiang Fayao''Star Map from the Song Dynasty, the results generally point to the two stars ε and μ Leporis. The table below only lists partial historical star charts from periods prior to the Tang Dynasty, the Song Dynasty, and the Qing Dynasty.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!historical map
!modern identification
!same in Stellarium 24.4
|-
|[[File:Ping in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.png|alt=Ping in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido|center|thumb|Ping in ''Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido'']]
|[[File:Ping (Screen) before Tang dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang (2023).png|center|thumb|153x153px|Ping before Tang dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang (2023)]]
|[[File:Ping (Screen) before Tang dynasty in Stellarium.png|center|thumb|Ping before Tang dynasty in Stellarium]]
|-
|[[File:Ping (Screen) in Xinyixiang Fayao Star Map.png|center|thumb|Ping in ''Xinyixiang Fayao'' Star Map]]
|[[File:Ping (Screen) in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai (2009).png|center|thumb|Ping in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai (2009)]]
|[[File:Ping (Screen) in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Pan Nai.png|center|thumb|Ping in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Pan Nai]]
|-
|[[File:Ping (Screen) in 18th Century Star Map.png|center|thumb|Ping in 18th Century Star Map]]
|[[File:Ping (Screen) in 18th Century Reconstructed by YI Shitong (1981).png|center|thumb|Ping in 18th Century Reconstructed by YI Shitong (1981)]]
|[[File:Ping (Screen) before Tang dynasty in Stellarium.png|center|thumb|Ping in 18th Century in Stellarium]]
|}

== References ==
[[References (Chinese)]]<references />

[[Category:Asterism ]]
[[Category:Constellation ]]
[[Category:Eurasia]]
[[Category:East Asian]]
[[Category:Chinese ]]
[[Category:Com]]
[[Category:ComaStarCluster]]

File:Ping (Screen) in 18th Century Star Map.png

2026-03-04T13:22:44Z

HaochengLyu:

Ping (Screen) in 18th Century Star Map

File:Ping (Screen) in 18th Century Reconstructed by YI Shitong (1981).png

2026-03-04T13:12:29Z

HaochengLyu:

Ping (Screen) in 18th Century Reconstructed by YI Shitong (1981)

File:Ping (Screen) in Xinyixiang Fayao Star Map.png

2026-03-04T12:56:53Z

HaochengLyu:

Ping (Screen) in Xinyixiang Fayao Star Map

File:Ping (Screen) in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Pan Nai.png

2026-03-04T12:08:15Z

HaochengLyu:

Ping (Screen) in Song Dynasty in Stellarium reconstructed by Pan Nai

File:Ping (Screen) in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai (2009).png

2026-03-04T12:06:47Z

HaochengLyu:

Ping (Screen) in Song Dynasty reconstructed by Pan Nai (2009)

File:Ping (Screen) before Tang dynasty in Stellarium.png

2026-03-04T11:58:49Z

HaochengLyu:

Ping (Screen) before Tang dynasty in Stellarium

File:Ping (Screen) before Tang dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang (2023).png

2026-03-04T11:54:17Z

HaochengLyu:

Ping (Screen) before Tang dynasty reconstructed by Boshun Yang (2023)

File:Ping in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.png

2026-03-04T11:27:27Z

HaochengLyu:

Ping in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido

Bixiu

2026-03-04T11:09:40Z

HaochengLyu: Added pictures

{{DISPLAYTITLE: Bixiu (毕宿)}}
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
[[File:Bixiu in Stellarium.jpg|alt=Bixiu in Stellarium|thumb|'''Bixiu in Stellarium''']]
Bixiu (毕宿), or Bi (毕), one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions, is the fifth mansion of the White Tiger of the West. It represents a long-handled hunting tool with a small mesh, used for catching hares or birds. It corresponds to eight stars in the constellation Taurus.

== Concordance, Etymology, History==

The shape of Bi was envisioned by ancient Chinese as a hare-catching net with a small mesh and a long handle. In astrology, it is used to govern matters like hunting rabbits or warfare in border regions.

Bi and its surrounding celestial region were viewed as a battlefield on the frontier, with the Mao (昴, Pleiades) as the opposing force, and the border lying at the Tianjie (天街). Bi itself is seen as a war chariot, used for hunting or warfare. Its brightest star, α Tau, is regarded as the Border General. Next to it is a star named Fuer (附耳, σ2 Tau), meaning "whispering close to the ear" or secret plotting.

=== Identification of stars ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Star Names or Orders(Traditional/Qing)
!Yi Shitong<ref>Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.</ref>
Based on catalogue in 18th century
!Pan Nai<ref name=":0">Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.</ref>
based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map
!Pan Nai<ref>Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p443.</ref>
based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty
!Boshun Yang<ref name=":1">B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.</ref>
before Tang dynasty
!Boshun Yang<ref name=":1" />
Song Jingyou(1034)
|-
| 1st/8th
| epsilon Tau
| epsilon Tau
| epsilon Tau
| epsilon Tau
| epsilon Tau
|-
| 2nd/7th
| delta3 Tau
| delta3 Tau
| delta3 Tau
| delta3 Tau
| delta3 Tau
|-
| 3rd/6th
| delta1 Tau
| delta1 Tau
| delta1 Tau
| delta1 Tau
| delta1 Tau
|-
| 4th/5th
| gamma Tau
| gamma Tau
| gamma Tau
| gamma Tau
| gamma Tau
|-
| 5th/4th
| alf Tau
| alf Tau
| alf Tau
| alf Tau
| alf Tau
|-
| 6th/3th
| theta1 Tau
| theta2 Tau
| theta1 Tau
| theta2 Tau
| theta2 Tau
|-
|7th/2nd
| 71 Tau
| 71 Tau
| 71 Tau
| 71 Tau
| 71 Tau
|-
|8th/1st
| lambda Tau
| lambda Tau
| lambda Tau
| lambda Tau
| lambda Tau
|}

=== Maps (Gallery) ===
<gallery widths="200" heights="200" perrow="6" caption="Bixiu (Bi)">
File:Bixiu in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.jpg|'''Bixiu in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido'''
File:Bixiu in Dunhuang Star Map.jpg|'''Bixiu in Dunhuang Star Map'''
File:Bixiu in Suzhou Star Map.jpg|'''Bixiu in Suzhou Star Map'''
</gallery>

== References==

[[Category:Asterism ]]
[[Category:Constellation ]]
[[Category:Eurasia]]
[[Category:East Asian]]
[[Category:Chinese ]]
[[Category:Zodiac]]
<references />

File:Bixiu in Stellarium.jpg

2026-03-04T11:07:51Z

HaochengLyu: Bixiu_in_Stellarium

== Summary ==
Bixiu_in_Stellarium

File:Bixiu in Suzhou Star Map.jpg

2026-03-04T10:55:40Z

HaochengLyu: Bixiu in Suzhou Star Map

== Summary ==
Bixiu in Suzhou Star Map

File:Bixiu in Dunhuang Star Map.jpg

2026-03-04T10:54:31Z

HaochengLyu: Bixiu in Dunhuang Star Map

== Summary ==
Bixiu in Dunhuang Star Map

File:Bixiu in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.jpg

2026-03-04T10:53:37Z

HaochengLyu: Bi in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido

== Summary ==
Bi in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido

Ping

2026-03-03T03:08:53Z

HaochengLyu: Created page "Ping"

{{DISPLAYTITLE:Ping (屏)}}
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
Ping (屏) is a Chinese constellation. Its meaning is a screen in front of a toilet.

== Concordance, Etymology, History ==
Ping (屏), Ce (厕, or Tiance 天厕, Celestial Toilet), and Shi (屎, or Tianshi 天矢, Celestial Excrement) are a group of semantically related constellations. Ping is the barrier in front of the Celestial Toilet. These three constellations were used for divining epidemics and diseases across the land.

=== Identification of stars ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Star Names or Orders(Traditional/Qing)
!Yi Shitong<ref>Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.</ref>
Based on catalogue in 18th century
!Pan Nai<ref name=":0">Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.</ref>
based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map
!SUN X. & J. Kistemaker<ref>Sun Xiaochun. & Kistemaker J. ''The Chinese sky during the Han''. Leiden: Brill. 1997, Pp241-6.</ref>
Han Dynasty
!Boshun Yang<ref name=":1">B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.</ref>
before Tang dynasty
!Boshun Yang<ref name=":1" />
Song Huangyou(1052)
|-
| 1st/2nd
| mu Lep
| mu Lep
| mu Lep
| mu Lep
| mu Lep
|-
| 2nd/1st
| epsilon Lep
| HIP 24927
| epsilon Lep
| epsilon Lep
| epsilon Lep
|}

== References ==
[[References (Chinese)]]<references />

[[Category:Asterism ]]
[[Category:Constellation ]]
[[Category:Eurasia]]
[[Category:East Asian]]
[[Category:Chinese ]]
[[Category:Com]]
[[Category:ComaStarCluster]]

Bixiu

2026-03-02T15:17:31Z

HaochengLyu: Delete duplicate content

{{DISPLAYTITLE: Bixiu (毕宿)}}
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
Bixiu (毕宿), or Bi (毕), one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions, is the fifth mansion of the White Tiger of the West. It represents a long-handled hunting tool with a small mesh, used for catching hares or birds. It corresponds to eight stars in the constellation Taurus.

== Concordance, Etymology, History==

The shape of Bi was envisioned by ancient Chinese as a hare-catching net with a small mesh and a long handle. In astrology, it is used to govern matters like hunting rabbits or warfare in border regions.

Bi and its surrounding celestial region were viewed as a battlefield on the frontier, with the Mao (昴, Pleiades) as the opposing force, and the border lying at the Tianjie (天街). Bi itself is seen as a war chariot, used for hunting or warfare. Its brightest star, α Tau, is regarded as the Border General. Next to it is a star named Fuer (附耳, σ2 Tau), meaning "whispering close to the ear" or secret plotting.

=== Identification of stars ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Star Names or Orders(Traditional/Qing)
!Yi Shitong<ref>Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.</ref>
Based on catalogue in 18th century
!Pan Nai<ref name=":0">Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.</ref>
based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map
!Pan Nai<ref>Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p443.</ref>
based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty
!Boshun Yang<ref name=":1">B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.</ref>
before Tang dynasty
!Boshun Yang<ref name=":1" />
Song Jingyou(1034)
|-
| 1st/8th
| epsilon Tau
| epsilon Tau
| epsilon Tau
| epsilon Tau
| epsilon Tau
|-
| 2nd/7th
| delta3 Tau
| delta3 Tau
| delta3 Tau
| delta3 Tau
| delta3 Tau
|-
| 3rd/6th
| delta1 Tau
| delta1 Tau
| delta1 Tau
| delta1 Tau
| delta1 Tau
|-
| 4th/5th
| gamma Tau
| gamma Tau
| gamma Tau
| gamma Tau
| gamma Tau
|-
| 5th/4th
| alf Tau
| alf Tau
| alf Tau
| alf Tau
| alf Tau
|-
| 6th/3th
| theta1 Tau
| theta2 Tau
| theta1 Tau
| theta2 Tau
| theta2 Tau
|-
|7th/2nd
| 71 Tau
| 71 Tau
| 71 Tau
| 71 Tau
| 71 Tau
|-
|8th/1st
| lambda Tau
| lambda Tau
| lambda Tau
| lambda Tau
| lambda Tau
|}

== References==

[[Category:Asterism ]]
[[Category:Constellation ]]
[[Category:Eurasia]]
[[Category:East Asian]]
[[Category:Chinese ]]
[[Category:Zodiac]]
<references />

Bixiu

2026-03-02T15:16:07Z

HaochengLyu: Improve the introduction of Bixiu

{{DISPLAYTITLE: Bixiu (毕宿)}}
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
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Bixiu (毕宿), or Bi (毕), Net, is an ancient Chinese constellation. Its the namesake of the lunar mansion Bì Xiù (毕宿).

Bixiu (毕宿), one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions, is the fifth mansion of the White Tiger of the West. It represents a long-handled hunting tool with a small mesh, used for catching hares or birds. It corresponds to eight stars in the constellation Taurus.

== Concordance, Etymology, History==

The shape of Bi was envisioned by ancient Chinese as a hare-catching net with a small mesh and a long handle. In astrology, it is used to govern matters like hunting rabbits or warfare in border regions.

Bi and its surrounding celestial region were viewed as a battlefield on the frontier, with the Mao (昴, Pleiades) as the opposing force, and the border lying at the Tianjie (天街). Bi itself is seen as a war chariot, used for hunting or warfare. Its brightest star, α Tau, is regarded as the Border General. Next to it is a star named Fuer (附耳, σ2 Tau), meaning "whispering close to the ear" or secret plotting.

=== Identification of stars ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Star Names or Orders(Traditional/Qing)
!Yi Shitong<ref>Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981: 56.</ref>
Based on catalogue in 18th century
!Pan Nai<ref name=":0">Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. p226.</ref>
based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map
!Pan Nai<ref>Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p443.</ref>
based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty
!Boshun Yang<ref name=":1">B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 261.</ref>
before Tang dynasty
!Boshun Yang<ref name=":1" />
Song Jingyou(1034)
|-
| 1st/8th
| epsilon Tau
| epsilon Tau
| epsilon Tau
| epsilon Tau
| epsilon Tau
|-
| 2nd/7th
| delta3 Tau
| delta3 Tau
| delta3 Tau
| delta3 Tau
| delta3 Tau
|-
| 3rd/6th
| delta1 Tau
| delta1 Tau
| delta1 Tau
| delta1 Tau
| delta1 Tau
|-
| 4th/5th
| gamma Tau
| gamma Tau
| gamma Tau
| gamma Tau
| gamma Tau
|-
| 5th/4th
| alf Tau
| alf Tau
| alf Tau
| alf Tau
| alf Tau
|-
| 6th/3th
| theta1 Tau
| theta2 Tau
| theta1 Tau
| theta2 Tau
| theta2 Tau
|-
|7th/2nd
| 71 Tau
| 71 Tau
| 71 Tau
| 71 Tau
| 71 Tau
|-
|8th/1st
| lambda Tau
| lambda Tau
| lambda Tau
| lambda Tau
| lambda Tau
|}

== References==

[[Category:Asterism ]]
[[Category:Constellation ]]
[[Category:Eurasia]]
[[Category:East Asian]]
[[Category:Chinese ]]
[[Category:Zodiac]]
<references />

Bixiu

2026-03-02T13:23:27Z

HaochengLyu: Created new page "Bixiu"