All Skies Encyclopaedia - User contributions [en]

Indian Names (All Terms)

2026-07-16T13:45:19Z

Shylaja: inserted Devnagari fonts

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
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[[File:India (orthographic projection).svg|thumb|Map of India, part of South Asia (UN region)]]
[[File:Nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|thumb|Display of all 28th nakshatra in a doorway in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).]]

The Indian subcontinent hosts a rich and old traditional astronomy in many different flavours. It grew and was inspired by exchange with neighbouring cultures such as Chinese and Mesopotamian.

=== Solar System Names ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Traditional Terms
!Transliteration
!English
!commentary
|-
|
|Bhānu, Sūrya and many more
|Sun
|There are many more names
|-
|
|Candra, Indu, Sudhaṁśu and many more
|Moon
|There are many more names
|-
|
|Budha
| Mercury
|
|-
|
|<big>ś</big>ukra
|Venus
|Very bright
|-
|
|Kuja, Angāraka
|Mars
|Ku = earth, Kuja = son of earth
Angāra = red hot charcoal
|-
|
|Guru, Bṛhaspati
|Jupiter
|wise person, Teacher / advisor for Gods
|-
|
|<big>ś</big>ani
|Saturn
|slow moving
|-
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|[[Rahu]]
|ascending node
|
|-
|
|[[Ketu]]
|descending node
|
|}

=== Dictionary of Asterisms (Stars and Constellations) ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Naks. Number
!Sanscrit
! colspan="2" |Transliteration
!English Description/ Translation
!Commentary
|-
!
!
!with diacritics
!without ...
!
!
|-
|28
|अभिजित
|[[Abhijit]]
|Abhijit
|Victorius
|Nakshatra in [[Lyra]]
|-
|
|
|
|Adhah Paschimaga
|the one below and west
|possibly Indian Indigenous: bet UMa
|-
|
|
|
|Aditerbha
|
|[[Punarvasu]]
|-
|
|
|
|Agasthya
|
|Canopus
|-
|
|
|
|Agni
|
|[[Krittika]]
|-
|
|
|
|Agnidaiva
|
|[[Krittika]]
|-
|
|
|Āgrahāyaṇī
|Agrahayani
|
|[[Mrigashira]]
|-
|
|
|
|Ahirbudhnya
|
|[[Uttara Bhadrapada]]
|-
|
|
|
|Ahya
|
|[[Ashlesha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Aindra
|
|[[Jyeshtha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Ajaikapada
|
|[[Purva Bhadrapada]]
|-
|
|
|
|Ajanghri
|
|[[Purva Bhadrapada]]
|-
|
|
|
|Anila
|
|[[Svati]]
|-
|17
|अनुराधा
|[[Anuradha]]
|Anuradha
|"following rādhā"
|Nakshatra in [[Scorpius|Sco]]
|-
|
|
|
|Anyomuni
|another sage
|possibly Indian Indigenous: bet UMa
|-
|
|
|[[Apa|Āpa]]
|Apa
|
|ζ Vir (Shylaja and Pai (2019))
|-
|
|
|[[Apamvatsa|Apāṃvatsa]]
|Apamvatsa
|
|74 Vir (Shylaja and Pai (2019))
|-
|
|
|Āptapān
|Aptapan
|??
|α Cas (Shylaja and Pai (2019))
|-
|
|
|
|Apya
|
|[[Purva Ashadha]]
|-
|6
|आर्द्रा
|[[Ardra]]
|Ardra
|wetness,
|Nakshatra ([[Betelgeuse]])
|-
|
|
|
|Arya
|
|[[Uttara Phalguni]]
|-
|
|
|
|Aryamrksha
|
|[[Uttara Phalguni]]
|-
|9
|आश्लेषः
|[[Ashlesha|Āshleshā]]
|Ashlesha
|"the embrace"
|Nakshatra
|-
|
|
|Aśvanābha
|Ashvanabha
|Belly of the horse (from Arabic)
|α And (Shylaja and Pai (2019))
|-
|1
|अश्विनी
|[[Ashvini|Aśvini]]
|Ashvini
|Twin physician of the Gods
|Nakshatra in [[Aries]]
|-
|
|
|
|Bhagya
|
|[[Purva Phalguni]]
|-
|
|
|
|Bhagybha
|
|[[Purva Phalguni]]
|-
|2
|भरणी
|[[Bharani]]
|Bharani
|the bearer, a container
|Nakshatra in [[Aries]]
|-
|
|
|
|Bhujaga shirsha
|
|Sarpa shirsha
|-
|
|
|[[Bhujanga]]
|Bhujanga
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: gam Vel
|-
|
|
|
|Brahmabha
|
|[[Rohini]]
|-
|
|
|
|Brahmahridaya
|
|a Aur all texts or b Aur ??
|-
|
|
|Brāhmī
|Brahmi
|
|[[Rohini]]
|-
|
|
|
|Brahmya
|
|[[Rohini]]
|-
|14
|चित्रा
|[[Chitra|Citrā]]
|Chitra
|"the bright one"
|Nakshatra ([[Spica]])
|-
|
|
|
|Dasra
|
|[[Ashvini|Aśvini]]
|-
|23
|श्रविष्ठा/
धनिष्ठा
|[[Dhanishta|Dhaniṣṭhā]]
|Dhanishta
|"most famous",
also Shravishthā "swiftest"
|Nakshatra in [[Delphinus|Del]]
|-
|
|
|
|Dhanukoti
|part of Dhanu
|from Arabic: alf Oph
|-
|
|
|
|Dvidaivata
|
|[[Vishakha]]
|-
|
|
|[[Dhanuśira]] (धनुशिरः)
|Head of the bow
|
|Mu Saggittarii (Shylaja, 2026)<ref name=":0">Shylaja B S, 2026, Astrolabes as records of previous eruptions of T CrB, Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy, 47(39)</ref>
|-
|
|
|Dhanuśarāgra (धनुशराग्र)
|Tip of the arrow of the bow
|
|Gamma Saggttarii (Shylaja, 2026)<ref name=":0" />
|-
|
|
|Dvitiyabhādra
|Dvitiyabhadra
|
|[[Uttara Bhadrapada]]
|-
|
|
|
|Haribha
|
|[[Shravana]]
|-
|13
|हस्त
|[[Hasta]]
|Hasta
|"the hand"
|Nakshatra in [[Corvus]]
|-
|
|
|
|Hayaamsha
|Body part of horse (from Arabic)
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|-
|
|
|
|Hutabhuk
|
|[[Krittika]]
|-
|
|
|
|Hutabhuk
|Fire, Agni
|β Tau (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|इल्वल
|[[Ilvala|Ilvala (इल्वल)]]
|Ilvala
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: ζ, ε, δ Ori (Belt of Orion)
|-
|
|
|
|Jaladaivata
|
|[[Purva Ashadha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Jalarksha
|
|[[Purva Ashadha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Jantupuchcha
|
|from Arabic: bet Cet
|-
|18
|ज्येष्ठा
|[[Jyeshtha|Jyeṣṭha]]
|Jyeshtha
|"the eldest, most excellent"
|Nakshatra in [[Scorpius|Sco]]
|-
|
|
|
|Kakaskandha
|shoulder of crow
|from Arabic: eps Crv
|-
|
|
|
|Kakayukta
|related to crow
|from Arabic: alf Cyg
|-
|
|
|
|Kakudapuchha
|
|kakayukta
|-
|
|
|
|Kalaja
|
|kakayukta
|-
|
|
|
|Kapala
|human skull
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Phe
|-
|
|
|
|Kara
|
|[[Hasta]]
|-
|
|
|
|Kartitakara
|??
|β Cas (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|3
|कृत्तिका
|[[Krittika|Kṛttika]]
|Krittika
|personified as the nurses of Kārttikeya, a son of Shiva
|Nakshatra ([[Pleiades]])
|-
|
|
|
|Lubdhaka
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf CMa
|-
|
|
|
|Lubdhaka Bandhu
|
|Yamyavasu
|-
|10
|मघा
|[[Magha|Maghā]]
|Magha
|"the bountiful"?
|Nakshatra in [[Leo]]
|-
|
|
|
|Mahendrasuri
|
|Malayendu
|-
|
|
|
|Maitra
|
|[[Anuradha]]
|-
|
|
|Malayendu, Ardralubdhaka, ShaNmukha, Sadaasya
|Malayendu
|
|from Arabic, possibly Indian: tet Cet
|-
|
|
|Mānuṣaśīrṣa
|Manusasirsa, Manusha shirsha
|Head of a person (from Arabic)
|β Per (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Manushahsta
|
|Nrihasta
|-
|
|
|
|Manushyaparshava
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Per
|-
|
|
|
|Marici
|name of a sage
|possibly Indian Indigenous: eta UMa
|-
|
|
|[[Matrcakra]]
|Matricakra
|[[Corona Borealis]]
|
|-
|
|
|
|Matsyamukha
|
|from Arabic: alf PsA
|-
|
|
|
|Matsyapuchha
|the tail of a fish
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Gru
|-
|
|
|
|Matsyodara
|Belly of the fish (from Arabic)
|β And (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Mithunadakshina, Mithunapadadakshina
|left side of Gemini
|from Arabic: bet Ori
|-
|
|
|
|Mithunapada
|foot of Gemini
|from Arabic: zet Tau
|-
|
|
|
|Mithunavamaskanda
|right side of Gemini
|from Arabic: kap, nu Ori
|-
|5
|मृगशिर
|[[Mrigashira]]
|Mrigashira
|"the deer's head".
|Nakshatra in [[Orion|Ori]]
|-
|19
|मूल
|[[Mula|Mūlā]]
|Mula
|"the root"
|Nakshatra in [[Scorpius|Sco]]
|-
|
|
|
|Muneendra
|great sage
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf UMa
|-
|
|
|
|Muni
|sage
|possibly Indian Indigenous: eta UMa
|-
|
|
|
|Nadyantaka
|End of the river (from Arabic)
|γ Phe (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Nakrapuchha
|tail of the crocodile
|possibly Indian Indigenous: sig Aqr
|-
|
|
|
|Nirtibha
|
|Mula
|-
|
|
|
|Nrihasta
|man's hand
|from Arabic: tet Aur
|-
|
|
|
|Nripada
|foot of a man
|from Arabic: bet Cen
|-
|
|
|Nṛpārśva
|Nrparsva, Nruparshva
|Side of a person/ part of the face of a man (from Arabic)
|α Per (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Nuramsa
|man's shoulder
|from Arabic: bet Aur
|-
|
|
|
|Paitra
|
|Magha
|-
|
|
|
|Phanibha
|
|Ashlesha
|-
|
|
|Pīṭhamūla
|Pithhamula, Peethamulam
|Base of the seat or chair
|γ Cas (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Pourshna
|
|Revati
|-
|
|
|
|Pragbhadra
|
|Purva Bhadrapada
|-
|
|
|
|Prajapathi
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: d Aur
|-
|7
|पुनर्वसु (dual)
|[[Punarvasu]]
|Punarvasu
|"the twinrestorers of goods",
yamakau "the two chariots"?
|Nakshatra in [[Gemini|Gem]]
|-
|
|
|
|Purato Muneendra
|next sage
|possibly Indian Indigenous: gam UMa
|-
|20
|पूर्व आषाढा
|[[Purva Ashadha|Purvaṣādha]]
|Purva Ashadha
|"first of the invincible"
|Nakshatra in [[Sagittarius|Sgr]]
|-
|25
|पूर्व भाद्रपदा/
पूर्व प्रोष्ठपदा
|[[Purva Bhadrapada|Purvābhādra]]
|Purva Bhadrapada
|"the first of the blessed feet"?
|Nakshatra in [[Pegasus|Peg]]
|-
|11
|पूर्व फाल्गुनी
|[[Purva Phalguni|Pūrva Phalgunī]]
|Purva Phalguni
|"first reddish one"?
|Nakshatra in [[Leo]]
|-
|8
|पुष्य
|[[Pushya]]
|Pushya
|"the nourisher"
|Nakshatra in [[Cancer|Cnc]]
|-
|
|
|
|Ravibha
|
|[[Hasta]]
|-
|27
|रेवती
|[[Revati]]
|Revati
|"prosperous"?
|Nakshatra in [[Pisces|Psc]]
|-
|4
|रोहिणी
|[[Rohini]]
|Rohini
|"the red one"
|Nakshatra ([[Hyades]])
|-
|
|
|
|Roudra
|
|[[Ardra]]
|-
|
|
|[[Shakata|Śakata]]
|Shakata
|Hyades
|
|-
|
|
|Śakra
|
|
|[[Jyeshtha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Samudra pakshi
|
|from Arabic: i Cet
|-
|
|
|
|Sarpa
|
|[[Ashlesha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Sarpa shirsha
|head of serpent
|from Arabic: alf Ser
|-
|
|
|
|Sarpayukta
|one with serpent
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Ara
|-
|
|
|
|Sauroktarudra
|Rudra cited in Soura – may be suryasiddhanta
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Ori
|-
|
|
|
|[[Shakthibha]]
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: eta Boo
|-
|24
|शतभिष/
शततारका
|[[Shatabhisha|Śatabhiṣa]]
|Shatabhisha/
Satabhisa
|a hundred physicians"
|Nakshatra in [[Aquarius|Aqr]]
|-
|
|
|
|Shishumaara
|dolphin or fish
|possibly Indian Indigenous: tet Oph
|-
|
|
|
|Shivabha
|
|[[Ardra]]
|-
|22
|श्रवण
|[[Shravana|Śravana]]
|Shravana
|Listening
|Nakshatra in [[Aquila]]
|-
|
|
|
|Sidhya
|
|[[Pushya]]
|-
|
|
|
|Simha PrishTha
|backside of lion
|from Arabic: del Leo
|-
|
|
|
|Simhaguhyam
|male organ of lion
|from Arabic: iot Leo
|-
|
|
|
|Simhasaka
|part of lion
|from Arabic: gam Leo
|-
|
|
|
|Skanda
|(6 headed karitikeya)
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Aur
|-
|
|
|
|Somya
|
|[[Mrigashira]]
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|Śraviṣṭhā
|Shravishtha
|
|[[Dhanishta]]
|-
|
|
|Śṛti
|Shirti
|
|[[Shravana]]
|-
|
|
|Supīṭha
|Supithha, Supeetha
|Auspicious seat / chair
|δ Cas (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|15
|स्वाति
|[[Svati]]
|Svati
|"Su-Ati - Goodness
|Nakshatra in [[Bootes]]
|-
|
|
|
|Tatpurato Muneendra
|the sage after that
|possibly Indian Indigenous: eps UMa
|-
|
|
|Tiṣya
|Tishya
|
|Pushya
|-
|
|
|
|Torana
|decorative motif on the main door
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Ser
|-
|
|
|
|Toya
|
|Purva Ashadha
|-
|
|
|[[Trivikrama]]
|Trivikrama
|three steps /one who put three steps
|possibly Indian Indigenous: ξν, μλ, ικ UMa
|-
|
|
|
|Tulaikasikha
|First star of Tula (Libra)
|an asterism in [[Libra]], perhaps [[Vishakha]] (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Tulanyasikha
|Another star of Tula
|an asterism in [[Libra]] (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|[[Turaganga]]
|Turaganga
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|Turanga
|
|from Arabic: nu Cet
|-
|
|
|
|Turangaasa
|Body part of horse (from Arabic)
|(Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Tvarshtra
|
|[[Chitra]]
|-
|
|
|
|Upāntya
|
|[[Uttara Bhadrapada]]
|-
|
|
|
|Urdhva Paschimaga
|the one above and to the west
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf UMa
|-
|21
|उत्तर आषाढा
|[[Uttara Ashadha|Uttara Āṣāḍhā]]
|Uttara Ashadha
|"Latter invincible"
|Nakshatra in [[Sagittarius|Sgr]]
|-
|26
|उत्तर भाद्रपदा/
उत्तर प्रोष्ठपदा
|[[Uttara Bhadrapada|Uttara Bhādrapada]]
|Uttara Bhadrapada
(U. Bhadra)
|"the second of the blessed feet"?
|Nakshatra in [[Pegasus|Peg]]+[[Andromeda|And]]
|-
|12
|उत्तर फाल्गुनी
|[[Uttara Phalguni|Uttara Phalgunī]]
|Uttara Phalguni
|"second reddish one"?
|Nakshatra in [[Leo]]
|-
|
|
|
|Vaisnava
|
|[[Shravana]]
|-
|
|
|
|Vaiśvadeva
|
|[[Uttara Ashadha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Vajibahu
|
|from Arabic: tet Cet
|-
|
|
|
|Varunarksha
|
|[[Shatabhisha|Satabhisa]]
|-
|
|
|
|Vāsava
|
|[[Dhanishta]]
|-
|
|
|
|VasishTha
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: zet UMa
|-
|
|
|
|Vasubha
|
|[[Dhanishta]]
|-
|
|
|
|Vatsa
|calf of a cow
|possibly Indian Indigenous: bet Tau
|-
|
|
|
|Vayasa
|
|from Arabic: bet Cyg
|-
|
|
|
|Vidibha
|
|[[Abhijit]]
|-
|
|
|
|Viśākhā
|
|[[Vishakha]]
|-
|16
|विशाखा
|[[Vishakha]]
|Vishakha
|"forked, having many branches"
|Nakshatra in [[Libra]]
|-
|
|
|
|Yama
|May be same as Nadyantaka, South
|α Eri (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Yamyavasu, Lubdhaka Bandhu
|southern vasu
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf CMi
|-
|
|
|
|Yugala
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: tet Oph
|-
|
|
|
|Yugasamkaravya
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: gam Ori
|-
|
|युग्म
|
|[[Yugma]]
|"double" for the middle steps in [[Trivikrama]]
|possibly Indian Indigenous: lam, mu UMa (rarely also for gam+bet Dra)
|-
|
|युग्मक
|
|[[Yugmaka]]
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: iot+kap UMa
|}

References: Shylaja and Venketeswara Pai, 2018

[[Category:Overviews]] [[Category:Asian]]
[[Category:South Asian]]
[[Category:Indian]]
[[Category:Service]]

Dhanusira

2026-07-16T13:35:57Z

Shylaja: inserted Devnagari fonts

[[File:Dhanushira.jpg|thumb|The position of Dhanusira ]]
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
.Dhanuśira

==Etymology and History==
'''Name Variants'''

* ''Dhanuśira (धनुशिरः)''
* Dhanushira

===Origin of Constellation===
The term ''Dhanuśira'' (धनुशिरः) literally means head of the bow. ''Dhanu'' - Bow, ''śira'' - head. This has been found in the catalogue of astrolabes translated from Persian. The names in these star lists of the dials have been coined based on their position. <ref>Sarma S R, 2023, A Descriptive Catalogue of Indian Astronomical Instruments, https://srsarma.in/catalogue.php</ref> The coordinates match with μ Sagittarii. The image based on the artwork from [[wikicommons]]<ref>https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Sidney_Hall_-_Urania%27s_Mirror_-_Sagittarius_and_Corona_Australis%2C_Microscopium%2C_and_Telescopium.png</ref> (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Sidney_Hall_-_Urania%27s_Mirror_-_Sagittarius_and_Corona_Australis%2C_Microscopium%2C_and_Telescopium.png) represents the position - the red circle envelopes the star.

It is in identified with μ [[Sagittarii]] in the astrolabe C [[001]]<ref>Shylaja B S, 2026, Astrolabes as records of previous eruptions of the recurrent nova T CRB, Journal of Astrophysics and Astrornomy, 47,39</ref>

===Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation===
<gallery>
</gallery>

==Mythology==
The symbol of Dhanishta is ...

==Weblinks==

*{{NAMESPACE}}

==References==

*[[References|Referen]][[References|ces]] (general)
[[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]]
[[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:South Asian]] [[Category:Asian]]
[[Category:Indian]] [[Category:Vedic]] [[Category:Sanskrit]]

Dhanusaragra

2026-07-16T13:31:05Z

Shylaja: inserted Devanagari

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
...

== Etymology and History ==
'''Name Variants'''

''Dhanuśarāgra (धनुशराग्र)''

Dhanusharagra

===Origin of Constellation===
The term ''Dhanuśarāgra (धनुशराग्र)'' literally means tip of the arrow. ''Dhanu'' - bow, ''śara'' - arrow, ''agra'' - tip. This has been found in the catalogue of astrolabes translated from Persian. The names in these star lists of the dials have been coined based on their position. <ref>Sarma S R, 2023, A Descriptive Catalogue of Indian Astronomical Instruments, https://srsarma.in/catalogue.php </ref>The coordinates match with γ Sagittarii. The accuracy of the star dials cannot distiniguish between the two stars γ 1 and γ2. The image based on the artwork from [[wikicommons]]<ref>https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Sidney_Hall_-_Urania%27s_Mirror_-_Sagittarius_and_Corona_Australis%2C_Microscopium%2C_and_Telescopium.png</ref> (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Sidney_Hall_-_Urania%27s_Mirror_-_Sagittarius_and_Corona_Australis%2C_Microscopium%2C_and_Telescopium.png) represents the position - the red circle envelopes both the stars.
[[File:Dhanusaragra.jpg|thumb]]
The two astrolabes which have this name engraved are C 006 (undated) and C(001, dated 1604CE) and identified as μ Sagittarii in the catalogue. In the latter, C001, the position actually [[corresponds]] to the [[supernova]] of 1604 CE. <ref>Shylaja B S, 2019, Records of Supernovae, Current Science, 116, 1430</ref> <ref>Shylaja B S, 2026, Astrolabes as records of previous eruptions of recurrent nova T CrB, 47, 39</ref>

This star name thus can be for γ1 Sagittarii.

== Transfer and Transformation ==
<gallery>
</gallery>

==Mythology==

==Weblinks==

*{{NAMESPACE}}

==References==

*[[References|Referen]][https://srsarma.in/catalogue.php ces] (general)
[[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]]
[[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:South Asian]] [[Category:Asian]]
[[Category:Indian]] [[Category:Vedic]] [[Category:Sanskrit]]

Dhanusira

2026-07-16T09:58:20Z

Shylaja: inserted references

[[File:Dhanushira.jpg|thumb|The position of Dhanusira ]]
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
.Dhanuśira

==Etymology and History==
'''Name Variants'''

* ''Dhanuśira''
* Dhanushira

===Origin of Constellation===
The term ''Dhanuśira'' literally means head of the bow. ''Dhanu'' - Bow, ''śira'' - head. This has been found in the catalogue of astrolabes translated from Persian. The names in these star lists of the dials have been coined based on their position. <ref>Sarma S R, 2023, A Descriptive Catalogue of Indian Astronomical Instruments, https://srsarma.in/catalogue.php</ref>The coordinates match with μ Sagittarii. The image based on the artwork from [[wikicommons]]<ref>https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Sidney_Hall_-_Urania%27s_Mirror_-_Sagittarius_and_Corona_Australis%2C_Microscopium%2C_and_Telescopium.png</ref> (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Sidney_Hall_-_Urania%27s_Mirror_-_Sagittarius_and_Corona_Australis%2C_Microscopium%2C_and_Telescopium.png) represents the position - the red circle envelopes the star.

It is in identified with μ [[Sagittarii]] in the astrolabe C [[001]]<ref>Shylaja B S, 2026, Astrolabes as records of previous eruptions of the recurrent nova T CRB, Journal of Astrophysics and Astrornomy, 47,39</ref>

===Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation===
<gallery>
</gallery>

==Mythology==
The symbol of Dhanishta is ...

==Weblinks==

*{{NAMESPACE}}

==References==

*[[References|Referen]][[References|ces]] (general)
[[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]]
[[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:South Asian]] [[Category:Asian]]
[[Category:Indian]] [[Category:Vedic]] [[Category:Sanskrit]]

File:Dhanushira.jpg

2026-07-16T09:48:01Z

Shylaja:

Marking Dhanusira - mu

Dhanusira

2026-07-16T09:43:54Z

Shylaja: content on the star

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
.Dhanuśira

==Etymology and History==
'''Name Variants'''

* Dhanuśira
* Dhanushira

===Origin of Constellation===
The term Dhanuśira literally means head of the bow. Dhanu - Bow, śira - head. This has been found in the catalogue of astrolabes translated from Persian. The names in these star lists of the dials have been coined based on their position. <ref>Sarma S R, 2023, A Descriptive Catalogue of Indian Astronomical Instruments, https://srsarma.in/catalogue.php</ref>The coordinates match with μ Sagittarii. The image based on the artwork from [[wikicommons]]<ref>https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Sidney_Hall_-_Urania%27s_Mirror_-_Sagittarius_and_Corona_Australis%2C_Microscopium%2C_and_Telescopium.png</ref> (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Sidney_Hall_-_Urania%27s_Mirror_-_Sagittarius_and_Corona_Australis%2C_Microscopium%2C_and_Telescopium.png) represents the position - the red circle envelopes the star.

===Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation===
<gallery>
</gallery>

==Mythology==
The symbol of Dhanishta is ...

==Weblinks==

*{{NAMESPACE}}

==References==

*[[References|Referen]][[References|ces]] (general)
[[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]]
[[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:South Asian]] [[Category:Asian]]
[[Category:Indian]] [[Category:Vedic]] [[Category:Sanskrit]]

Dhanusaragra

2026-07-16T09:36:40Z

Shylaja:

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
...

==Etymology and History==
'''Name Variants'''

''Dhanuśarāgra''

Dhanusharagra

*

===Origin of Constellation===
The term ''Dhanuśarāgra'' literally means tip of the arrow. ''Dhanu'' - bow, ''śara'' - arrow, ''agra'' - tip. This has been found in the catalogue of astrolabes translated from Persian. The names in these star lists of the dials have been coined based on their position. <ref>Sarma S R, 2023, A Descriptive Catalogue of Indian Astronomical Instruments, https://srsarma.in/catalogue.php </ref>The coordinates match with γ Sagittarii. The accuracy of the star dials cannot distiniguish between the two stars γ 1 and γ2. The image based on the artwork from [[wikicommons]]<ref>https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Sidney_Hall_-_Urania%27s_Mirror_-_Sagittarius_and_Corona_Australis%2C_Microscopium%2C_and_Telescopium.png</ref> (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Sidney_Hall_-_Urania%27s_Mirror_-_Sagittarius_and_Corona_Australis%2C_Microscopium%2C_and_Telescopium.png) represents the position - the red circle envelopes both the stars.
[[File:Dhanusaragra.jpg|thumb]]
The two astrolabes which have this name engraved are C 006 (undated) and C(001, dated 1604CE) and identified as μ Sagittarii in the catalogue. In the latter, C001, the position actually [[corresponds]] to the [[supernova]] of 1604 CE. <ref>Shylaja B S, 2019, Records of Supernovae, Current Science, 116, 1430</ref> <ref>Shylaja B S, 2026, Astrolabes as records of previous eruptions of recurrent nova T CrB, 47, 39</ref>

This star name thus can be for γ1 Sagittarii.

===Transfer and Transformation of the [[Constellation]]===
<gallery>
</gallery>

==Mythology==

==Weblinks==

*{{NAMESPACE}}

==References==

*[[References|Referen]][https://srsarma.in/catalogue.php ces] (general)
[[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]]
[[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:South Asian]] [[Category:Asian]]
[[Category:Indian]] [[Category:Vedic]] [[Category:Sanskrit]]

Dhanusaragra

2026-07-16T09:28:32Z

Shylaja: inserted Greek letter

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
...

==Etymology and History==
'''Name Variants'''

''Dhanuśarāgra''

Dhanusharagra

*

===Origin of Constellation===
The term Dhanuśarāgra literally means top of the arrow. ''Dhanu'' - bow, ''śara'' - arrow, ''agra'' - top. This has been found in the catalogue of astrolabes translated from Persian. The names in these star lists of the dials have been coined based on their position. <ref>Sarma S R, 2023, A Descriptive Catalogue of Indian Astronomical Instruments, https://srsarma.in/catalogue.php </ref>The coordinates match with γ Sagittarii. The accuracy of the star dials cannot distiniguish between the two stars γ 1 and γ2. The image based on the artwork from [[wikicommons]]<ref>https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Sidney_Hall_-_Urania%27s_Mirror_-_Sagittarius_and_Corona_Australis%2C_Microscopium%2C_and_Telescopium.png</ref> (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Sidney_Hall_-_Urania%27s_Mirror_-_Sagittarius_and_Corona_Australis%2C_Microscopium%2C_and_Telescopium.png) represents the position - the red circle envelopes both the stars.
[[File:Dhanusaragra.jpg|thumb]]
The two astrolabes which have this name engraved are C 006 (undated) and C(001, dated 1604CE) and identified as μMu Sagittarii in the catalogue. In the latter, C001, the position actually corresponds to the supernova of 1604 CE. This star name thus can be for γ1 Sagittarii.

===Transfer and Transformation of the [[Constellation]]===
<gallery>
</gallery>

==Mythology==

==Weblinks==

*{{NAMESPACE}}

==References==

*[[References|Referen]][https://srsarma.in/catalogue.php ces] (general)
[[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]]
[[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:South Asian]] [[Category:Asian]]
[[Category:Indian]] [[Category:Vedic]] [[Category:Sanskrit]]

Dhanusaragra

2026-07-16T09:24:13Z

Shylaja:

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
...

==Etymology and History==
'''Name Variants'''

''Dhanuśarāgra''

Dhanusharagra

*

===Origin of Constellation===
The term Dhanuśarāgra literally means top of the arrow. ''Dhanu'' - bow, ''śara'' - arrow, ''agra'' - top. This has been found in the catalogue of astrolabes translated from Persian. The names in these star lists of the dials have been coined based on their position. <ref>Sarma S R, 2023, A Descriptive Catalogue of Indian Astronomical Instruments, https://srsarma.in/catalogue.php </ref>The coordinates match with γGamma Sagittarii. The accuracy of the star dials cannot distiniguish between the two stars Gamma1 and Gamm2. The image based on the artwork from [[wikicommons]]<ref>https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Sidney_Hall_-_Urania%27s_Mirror_-_Sagittarius_and_Corona_Australis%2C_Microscopium%2C_and_Telescopium.png</ref> (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Sidney_Hall_-_Urania%27s_Mirror_-_Sagittarius_and_Corona_Australis%2C_Microscopium%2C_and_Telescopium.png) represents the position - the red circle envelopes both the stars.
[[File:Dhanusaragra.jpg|thumb]]
The two astrolabes which have this name engraved are C 006 (undated) and C(001, dated 1604CE) and identified as Mu Sagittarii in the catalogue. In the latter, C001, the position actually corresponds to the supernova of 1604 CE. This star name thus can be for Gamma1 Sagittarii.

===Transfer and Transformation of the [[Constellation]]===
<gallery>
</gallery>

==Mythology==
The symbol of Dhanishta is ...

==Weblinks==

*{{NAMESPACE}}

==References==

*[[References|Referen]][https://srsarma.in/catalogue.php ces] (general)
[[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]]
[[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:South Asian]] [[Category:Asian]]
[[Category:Indian]] [[Category:Vedic]] [[Category:Sanskrit]]

File:Dhanusaragra.jpg

2026-07-16T09:15:49Z

Shylaja:

This shows the position of the star as per the listed coordinates.

Dhanusaragra

2026-07-16T08:43:45Z

Shylaja: inserted the defintion

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
...

==Etymology and History==
'''Name Variants'''

Dhanuśarāgra

Dhanusharagra

*

===Origin of Constellation===
The term Dhanuśarāgra literally means tip of the arrow. Dhanu - bow śara - arrow agra - tip. This has been found in the catalogue of astrolabes translated from Persian. The names have been coined based on their position. The coordinates match with Gamma Sagittarii.

===Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation===
<gallery>
</gallery>

==Mythology==
The symbol of Dhanishta is ...

==Weblinks==

*{{NAMESPACE}}

==References==

*[[References|Referen]][[References|ces]] (general)
[[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]]
[[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:South Asian]] [[Category:Asian]]
[[Category:Indian]] [[Category:Vedic]] [[Category:Sanskrit]]

Indian Names (All Terms)

2026-07-16T07:33:11Z

Shylaja: added meanings

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
<div style="float:right; margin:0 0 1em 1em;">
<youtube align=right>https://youtu.be/7k4SG-sw8lo</youtube>
</div>
[[File:India (orthographic projection).svg|thumb|Map of India, part of South Asia (UN region)]]
[[File:Nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|thumb|Display of all 28th nakshatra in a doorway in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).]]

The Indian subcontinent hosts a rich and old traditional astronomy in many different flavours. It grew and was inspired by exchange with neighbouring cultures such as Chinese and Mesopotamian.

=== Solar System Names ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Traditional Terms
!Transliteration
!English
!commentary
|-
|
|Bhānu, Sūrya and many more
|Sun
|There are many more names
|-
|
|Candra, Indu, Sudhaṁśu and many more
|Moon
|There are many more names
|-
|
|Budha
| Mercury
|
|-
|
|<big>ś</big>ukra
|Venus
|Very bright
|-
|
|Kuja, Angāraka
|Mars
|Ku = earth, Kuja = son of earth
Angāra = red hot charcoal
|-
|
|Guru, Bṛhaspati
|Jupiter
|wise person, Teacher / advisor for Gods
|-
|
|<big>ś</big>ani
|Saturn
|slow moving
|-
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|[[Rahu]]
|ascending node
|
|-
|
|[[Ketu]]
|descending node
|
|}

=== Dictionary of Asterisms (Stars and Constellations) ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Naks. Number
!Sanscrit
! colspan="2" |Transliteration
!English Description/ Translation
!Commentary
|-
!
!
!with diacritics
!without ...
!
!
|-
|28
|अभिजित
|[[Abhijit]]
|Abhijit
|Victorius
|Nakshatra in [[Lyra]]
|-
|
|
|
|Adhah Paschimaga
|the one below and west
|possibly Indian Indigenous: bet UMa
|-
|
|
|
|Aditerbha
|
|[[Punarvasu]]
|-
|
|
|
|Agasthya
|
|Canopus
|-
|
|
|
|Agni
|
|[[Krittika]]
|-
|
|
|
|Agnidaiva
|
|[[Krittika]]
|-
|
|
|Āgrahāyaṇī
|Agrahayani
|
|[[Mrigashira]]
|-
|
|
|
|Ahirbudhnya
|
|[[Uttara Bhadrapada]]
|-
|
|
|
|Ahya
|
|[[Ashlesha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Aindra
|
|[[Jyeshtha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Ajaikapada
|
|[[Purva Bhadrapada]]
|-
|
|
|
|Ajanghri
|
|[[Purva Bhadrapada]]
|-
|
|
|
|Anila
|
|[[Svati]]
|-
|17
|अनुराधा
|[[Anuradha]]
|Anuradha
|"following rādhā"
|Nakshatra in [[Scorpius|Sco]]
|-
|
|
|
|Anyomuni
|another sage
|possibly Indian Indigenous: bet UMa
|-
|
|
|[[Apa|Āpa]]
|Apa
|
|ζ Vir (Shylaja and Pai (2019))
|-
|
|
|[[Apamvatsa|Apāṃvatsa]]
|Apamvatsa
|
|74 Vir (Shylaja and Pai (2019))
|-
|
|
|Āptapān
|Aptapan
|??
|α Cas (Shylaja and Pai (2019))
|-
|
|
|
|Apya
|
|[[Purva Ashadha]]
|-
|6
|आर्द्रा
|[[Ardra]]
|Ardra
|wetness,
|Nakshatra ([[Betelgeuse]])
|-
|
|
|
|Arya
|
|[[Uttara Phalguni]]
|-
|
|
|
|Aryamrksha
|
|[[Uttara Phalguni]]
|-
|9
|आश्लेषः
|[[Ashlesha|Āshleshā]]
|Ashlesha
|"the embrace"
|Nakshatra
|-
|
|
|Aśvanābha
|Ashvanabha
|Belly of the horse (from Arabic)
|α And (Shylaja and Pai (2019))
|-
|1
|अश्विनी
|[[Ashvini|Aśvini]]
|Ashvini
|Twin physician of the Gods
|Nakshatra in [[Aries]]
|-
|
|
|
|Bhagya
|
|[[Purva Phalguni]]
|-
|
|
|
|Bhagybha
|
|[[Purva Phalguni]]
|-
|2
|भरणी
|[[Bharani]]
|Bharani
|the bearer, a container
|Nakshatra in [[Aries]]
|-
|
|
|
|Bhujaga shirsha
|
|Sarpa shirsha
|-
|
|
|[[Bhujanga]]
|Bhujanga
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: gam Vel
|-
|
|
|
|Brahmabha
|
|[[Rohini]]
|-
|
|
|
|Brahmahridaya
|
|a Aur all texts or b Aur ??
|-
|
|
|Brāhmī
|Brahmi
|
|[[Rohini]]
|-
|
|
|
|Brahmya
|
|[[Rohini]]
|-
|14
|चित्रा
|[[Chitra|Citrā]]
|Chitra
|"the bright one"
|Nakshatra ([[Spica]])
|-
|
|
|
|Dasra
|
|[[Ashvini|Aśvini]]
|-
|23
|श्रविष्ठा/
धनिष्ठा
|[[Dhanishta|Dhaniṣṭhā]]
|Dhanishta
|"most famous",
also Shravishthā "swiftest"
|Nakshatra in [[Delphinus|Del]]
|-
|
|
|
|Dhanukoti
|part of Dhanu
|from Arabic: alf Oph
|-
|
|
|
|Dvidaivata
|
|[[Vishakha]]
|-
|
|
|[[Dhanuśira]]
|Head of the bow
|
|Mu Saggittarii (Shylaja, 2026)<ref name=":0">Shylaja B S, 2026, Astrolabes as records of previous eruptions of T CrB, Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy, 47(39)</ref>
|-
|
|
|Dhanuśarāgra
|Tip of the arrow
|
|Gamma Saggttarii (Shylaja, 2026)<ref name=":0" />
|-
|
|
|Dvitiyabhādra
|Dvitiyabhadra
|
|[[Uttara Bhadrapada]]
|-
|
|
|
|Haribha
|
|[[Shravana]]
|-
|13
|हस्त
|[[Hasta]]
|Hasta
|"the hand"
|Nakshatra in [[Corvus]]
|-
|
|
|
|Hayaamsha
|Body part of horse (from Arabic)
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|-
|
|
|
|Hutabhuk
|
|[[Krittika]]
|-
|
|
|
|Hutabhuk
|Fire, Agni
|β Tau (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|इल्वल
|[[Ilvala|Ilvala (इल्वल)]]
|Ilvala
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: ζ, ε, δ Ori (Belt of Orion)
|-
|
|
|
|Jaladaivata
|
|[[Purva Ashadha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Jalarksha
|
|[[Purva Ashadha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Jantupuchcha
|
|from Arabic: bet Cet
|-
|18
|ज्येष्ठा
|[[Jyeshtha|Jyeṣṭha]]
|Jyeshtha
|"the eldest, most excellent"
|Nakshatra in [[Scorpius|Sco]]
|-
|
|
|
|Kakaskandha
|shoulder of crow
|from Arabic: eps Crv
|-
|
|
|
|Kakayukta
|related to crow
|from Arabic: alf Cyg
|-
|
|
|
|Kakudapuchha
|
|kakayukta
|-
|
|
|
|Kalaja
|
|kakayukta
|-
|
|
|
|Kapala
|human skull
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Phe
|-
|
|
|
|Kara
|
|[[Hasta]]
|-
|
|
|
|Kartitakara
|??
|β Cas (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|3
|कृत्तिका
|[[Krittika|Kṛttika]]
|Krittika
|personified as the nurses of Kārttikeya, a son of Shiva
|Nakshatra ([[Pleiades]])
|-
|
|
|
|Lubdhaka
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf CMa
|-
|
|
|
|Lubdhaka Bandhu
|
|Yamyavasu
|-
|10
|मघा
|[[Magha|Maghā]]
|Magha
|"the bountiful"?
|Nakshatra in [[Leo]]
|-
|
|
|
|Mahendrasuri
|
|Malayendu
|-
|
|
|
|Maitra
|
|[[Anuradha]]
|-
|
|
|Malayendu, Ardralubdhaka, ShaNmukha, Sadaasya
|Malayendu
|
|from Arabic, possibly Indian: tet Cet
|-
|
|
|Mānuṣaśīrṣa
|Manusasirsa, Manusha shirsha
|Head of a person (from Arabic)
|β Per (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Manushahsta
|
|Nrihasta
|-
|
|
|
|Manushyaparshava
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Per
|-
|
|
|
|Marici
|name of a sage
|possibly Indian Indigenous: eta UMa
|-
|
|
|[[Matrcakra]]
|Matricakra
|[[Corona Borealis]]
|
|-
|
|
|
|Matsyamukha
|
|from Arabic: alf PsA
|-
|
|
|
|Matsyapuchha
|the tail of a fish
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Gru
|-
|
|
|
|Matsyodara
|Belly of the fish (from Arabic)
|β And (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Mithunadakshina, Mithunapadadakshina
|left side of Gemini
|from Arabic: bet Ori
|-
|
|
|
|Mithunapada
|foot of Gemini
|from Arabic: zet Tau
|-
|
|
|
|Mithunavamaskanda
|right side of Gemini
|from Arabic: kap, nu Ori
|-
|5
|मृगशिर
|[[Mrigashira]]
|Mrigashira
|"the deer's head".
|Nakshatra in [[Orion|Ori]]
|-
|19
|मूल
|[[Mula|Mūlā]]
|Mula
|"the root"
|Nakshatra in [[Scorpius|Sco]]
|-
|
|
|
|Muneendra
|great sage
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf UMa
|-
|
|
|
|Muni
|sage
|possibly Indian Indigenous: eta UMa
|-
|
|
|
|Nadyantaka
|End of the river (from Arabic)
|γ Phe (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Nakrapuchha
|tail of the crocodile
|possibly Indian Indigenous: sig Aqr
|-
|
|
|
|Nirtibha
|
|Mula
|-
|
|
|
|Nrihasta
|man's hand
|from Arabic: tet Aur
|-
|
|
|
|Nripada
|foot of a man
|from Arabic: bet Cen
|-
|
|
|Nṛpārśva
|Nrparsva, Nruparshva
|Side of a person/ part of the face of a man (from Arabic)
|α Per (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Nuramsa
|man's shoulder
|from Arabic: bet Aur
|-
|
|
|
|Paitra
|
|Magha
|-
|
|
|
|Phanibha
|
|Ashlesha
|-
|
|
|Pīṭhamūla
|Pithhamula, Peethamulam
|Base of the seat or chair
|γ Cas (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Pourshna
|
|Revati
|-
|
|
|
|Pragbhadra
|
|Purva Bhadrapada
|-
|
|
|
|Prajapathi
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: d Aur
|-
|7
|पुनर्वसु (dual)
|[[Punarvasu]]
|Punarvasu
|"the twinrestorers of goods",
yamakau "the two chariots"?
|Nakshatra in [[Gemini|Gem]]
|-
|
|
|
|Purato Muneendra
|next sage
|possibly Indian Indigenous: gam UMa
|-
|20
|पूर्व आषाढा
|[[Purva Ashadha|Purvaṣādha]]
|Purva Ashadha
|"first of the invincible"
|Nakshatra in [[Sagittarius|Sgr]]
|-
|25
|पूर्व भाद्रपदा/
पूर्व प्रोष्ठपदा
|[[Purva Bhadrapada|Purvābhādra]]
|Purva Bhadrapada
|"the first of the blessed feet"?
|Nakshatra in [[Pegasus|Peg]]
|-
|11
|पूर्व फाल्गुनी
|[[Purva Phalguni|Pūrva Phalgunī]]
|Purva Phalguni
|"first reddish one"?
|Nakshatra in [[Leo]]
|-
|8
|पुष्य
|[[Pushya]]
|Pushya
|"the nourisher"
|Nakshatra in [[Cancer|Cnc]]
|-
|
|
|
|Ravibha
|
|[[Hasta]]
|-
|27
|रेवती
|[[Revati]]
|Revati
|"prosperous"?
|Nakshatra in [[Pisces|Psc]]
|-
|4
|रोहिणी
|[[Rohini]]
|Rohini
|"the red one"
|Nakshatra ([[Hyades]])
|-
|
|
|
|Roudra
|
|[[Ardra]]
|-
|
|
|[[Shakata|Śakata]]
|Shakata
|Hyades
|
|-
|
|
|Śakra
|
|
|[[Jyeshtha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Samudra pakshi
|
|from Arabic: i Cet
|-
|
|
|
|Sarpa
|
|[[Ashlesha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Sarpa shirsha
|head of serpent
|from Arabic: alf Ser
|-
|
|
|
|Sarpayukta
|one with serpent
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Ara
|-
|
|
|
|Sauroktarudra
|Rudra cited in Soura – may be suryasiddhanta
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Ori
|-
|
|
|
|[[Shakthibha]]
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: eta Boo
|-
|24
|शतभिष/
शततारका
|[[Shatabhisha|Śatabhiṣa]]
|Shatabhisha/
Satabhisa
|a hundred physicians"
|Nakshatra in [[Aquarius|Aqr]]
|-
|
|
|
|Shishumaara
|dolphin or fish
|possibly Indian Indigenous: tet Oph
|-
|
|
|
|Shivabha
|
|[[Ardra]]
|-
|22
|श्रवण
|[[Shravana|Śravana]]
|Shravana
|Listening
|Nakshatra in [[Aquila]]
|-
|
|
|
|Sidhya
|
|[[Pushya]]
|-
|
|
|
|Simha PrishTha
|backside of lion
|from Arabic: del Leo
|-
|
|
|
|Simhaguhyam
|male organ of lion
|from Arabic: iot Leo
|-
|
|
|
|Simhasaka
|part of lion
|from Arabic: gam Leo
|-
|
|
|
|Skanda
|(6 headed karitikeya)
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Aur
|-
|
|
|
|Somya
|
|[[Mrigashira]]
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|Śraviṣṭhā
|Shravishtha
|
|[[Dhanishta]]
|-
|
|
|Śṛti
|Shirti
|
|[[Shravana]]
|-
|
|
|Supīṭha
|Supithha, Supeetha
|Auspicious seat / chair
|δ Cas (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|15
|स्वाति
|[[Svati]]
|Svati
|"Su-Ati - Goodness
|Nakshatra in [[Bootes]]
|-
|
|
|
|Tatpurato Muneendra
|the sage after that
|possibly Indian Indigenous: eps UMa
|-
|
|
|Tiṣya
|Tishya
|
|Pushya
|-
|
|
|
|Torana
|decorative motif on the main door
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Ser
|-
|
|
|
|Toya
|
|Purva Ashadha
|-
|
|
|[[Trivikrama]]
|Trivikrama
|three steps /one who put three steps
|possibly Indian Indigenous: ξν, μλ, ικ UMa
|-
|
|
|
|Tulaikasikha
|First star of Tula (Libra)
|an asterism in [[Libra]], perhaps [[Vishakha]] (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Tulanyasikha
|Another star of Tula
|an asterism in [[Libra]] (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|[[Turaganga]]
|Turaganga
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|Turanga
|
|from Arabic: nu Cet
|-
|
|
|
|Turangaasa
|Body part of horse (from Arabic)
|(Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Tvarshtra
|
|[[Chitra]]
|-
|
|
|
|Upāntya
|
|[[Uttara Bhadrapada]]
|-
|
|
|
|Urdhva Paschimaga
|the one above and to the west
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf UMa
|-
|21
|उत्तर आषाढा
|[[Uttara Ashadha|Uttara Āṣāḍhā]]
|Uttara Ashadha
|"Latter invincible"
|Nakshatra in [[Sagittarius|Sgr]]
|-
|26
|उत्तर भाद्रपदा/
उत्तर प्रोष्ठपदा
|[[Uttara Bhadrapada|Uttara Bhādrapada]]
|Uttara Bhadrapada
(U. Bhadra)
|"the second of the blessed feet"?
|Nakshatra in [[Pegasus|Peg]]+[[Andromeda|And]]
|-
|12
|उत्तर फाल्गुनी
|[[Uttara Phalguni|Uttara Phalgunī]]
|Uttara Phalguni
|"second reddish one"?
|Nakshatra in [[Leo]]
|-
|
|
|
|Vaisnava
|
|[[Shravana]]
|-
|
|
|
|Vaiśvadeva
|
|[[Uttara Ashadha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Vajibahu
|
|from Arabic: tet Cet
|-
|
|
|
|Varunarksha
|
|[[Shatabhisha|Satabhisa]]
|-
|
|
|
|Vāsava
|
|[[Dhanishta]]
|-
|
|
|
|VasishTha
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: zet UMa
|-
|
|
|
|Vasubha
|
|[[Dhanishta]]
|-
|
|
|
|Vatsa
|calf of a cow
|possibly Indian Indigenous: bet Tau
|-
|
|
|
|Vayasa
|
|from Arabic: bet Cyg
|-
|
|
|
|Vidibha
|
|[[Abhijit]]
|-
|
|
|
|Viśākhā
|
|[[Vishakha]]
|-
|16
|विशाखा
|[[Vishakha]]
|Vishakha
|"forked, having many branches"
|Nakshatra in [[Libra]]
|-
|
|
|
|Yama
|May be same as Nadyantaka, South
|α Eri (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Yamyavasu, Lubdhaka Bandhu
|southern vasu
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf CMi
|-
|
|
|
|Yugala
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: tet Oph
|-
|
|
|
|Yugasamkaravya
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: gam Ori
|-
|
|युग्म
|
|[[Yugma]]
|"double" for the middle steps in [[Trivikrama]]
|possibly Indian Indigenous: lam, mu UMa (rarely also for gam+bet Dra)
|-
|
|युग्मक
|
|[[Yugmaka]]
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: iot+kap UMa
|}

References: Shylaja and Venketeswara Pai, 2018

[[Category:Overviews]] [[Category:Asian]]
[[Category:South Asian]]
[[Category:Indian]]
[[Category:Service]]

Indian Names (All Terms)

2026-07-16T07:31:30Z

Shylaja: inserted a link

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
<div style="float:right; margin:0 0 1em 1em;">
<youtube align=right>https://youtu.be/7k4SG-sw8lo</youtube>
</div>
[[File:India (orthographic projection).svg|thumb|Map of India, part of South Asia (UN region)]]
[[File:Nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|thumb|Display of all 28th nakshatra in a doorway in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).]]

The Indian subcontinent hosts a rich and old traditional astronomy in many different flavours. It grew and was inspired by exchange with neighbouring cultures such as Chinese and Mesopotamian.

=== Solar System Names ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Traditional Terms
!Transliteration
!English
!commentary
|-
|
|Bhānu, Sūrya and many more
|Sun
|There are many more names
|-
|
|Candra, Indu, Sudhaṁśu and many more
|Moon
|There are many more names
|-
|
|Budha
| Mercury
|
|-
|
|<big>ś</big>ukra
|Venus
|Very bright
|-
|
|Kuja, Angāraka
|Mars
|Ku = earth, Kuja = son of earth
Angāra = red hot charcoal
|-
|
|Guru, Bṛhaspati
|Jupiter
|wise person, Teacher / advisor for Gods
|-
|
|<big>ś</big>ani
|Saturn
|slow moving
|-
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|[[Rahu]]
|ascending node
|
|-
|
|[[Ketu]]
|descending node
|
|}

=== Dictionary of Asterisms (Stars and Constellations) ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Naks. Number
!Sanscrit
! colspan="2" |Transliteration
!English Description/ Translation
!Commentary
|-
!
!
!with diacritics
!without ...
!
!
|-
|28
|अभिजित
|[[Abhijit]]
|Abhijit
|Victorius
|Nakshatra in [[Lyra]]
|-
|
|
|
|Adhah Paschimaga
|the one below and west
|possibly Indian Indigenous: bet UMa
|-
|
|
|
|Aditerbha
|
|[[Punarvasu]]
|-
|
|
|
|Agasthya
|
|Canopus
|-
|
|
|
|Agni
|
|[[Krittika]]
|-
|
|
|
|Agnidaiva
|
|[[Krittika]]
|-
|
|
|Āgrahāyaṇī
|Agrahayani
|
|[[Mrigashira]]
|-
|
|
|
|Ahirbudhnya
|
|[[Uttara Bhadrapada]]
|-
|
|
|
|Ahya
|
|[[Ashlesha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Aindra
|
|[[Jyeshtha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Ajaikapada
|
|[[Purva Bhadrapada]]
|-
|
|
|
|Ajanghri
|
|[[Purva Bhadrapada]]
|-
|
|
|
|Anila
|
|[[Svati]]
|-
|17
|अनुराधा
|[[Anuradha]]
|Anuradha
|"following rādhā"
|Nakshatra in [[Scorpius|Sco]]
|-
|
|
|
|Anyomuni
|another sage
|possibly Indian Indigenous: bet UMa
|-
|
|
|[[Apa|Āpa]]
|Apa
|
|ζ Vir (Shylaja and Pai (2019))
|-
|
|
|[[Apamvatsa|Apāṃvatsa]]
|Apamvatsa
|
|74 Vir (Shylaja and Pai (2019))
|-
|
|
|Āptapān
|Aptapan
|??
|α Cas (Shylaja and Pai (2019))
|-
|
|
|
|Apya
|
|[[Purva Ashadha]]
|-
|6
|आर्द्रा
|[[Ardra]]
|Ardra
|wetness,
|Nakshatra ([[Betelgeuse]])
|-
|
|
|
|Arya
|
|[[Uttara Phalguni]]
|-
|
|
|
|Aryamrksha
|
|[[Uttara Phalguni]]
|-
|9
|आश्लेषः
|[[Ashlesha|Āshleshā]]
|Ashlesha
|"the embrace"
|Nakshatra
|-
|
|
|Aśvanābha
|Ashvanabha
|Belly of the horse (from Arabic)
|α And (Shylaja and Pai (2019))
|-
|1
|अश्विनी
|[[Ashvini|Aśvini]]
|Ashvini
|Twin physician of the Gods
|Nakshatra in [[Aries]]
|-
|
|
|
|Bhagya
|
|[[Purva Phalguni]]
|-
|
|
|
|Bhagybha
|
|[[Purva Phalguni]]
|-
|2
|भरणी
|[[Bharani]]
|Bharani
|the bearer, a container
|Nakshatra in [[Aries]]
|-
|
|
|
|Bhujaga shirsha
|
|Sarpa shirsha
|-
|
|
|[[Bhujanga]]
|Bhujanga
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: gam Vel
|-
|
|
|
|Brahmabha
|
|[[Rohini]]
|-
|
|
|
|Brahmahridaya
|
|a Aur all texts or b Aur ??
|-
|
|
|Brāhmī
|Brahmi
|
|[[Rohini]]
|-
|
|
|
|Brahmya
|
|[[Rohini]]
|-
|14
|चित्रा
|[[Chitra|Citrā]]
|Chitra
|"the bright one"
|Nakshatra ([[Spica]])
|-
|
|
|
|Dasra
|
|[[Ashvini|Aśvini]]
|-
|23
|श्रविष्ठा/
धनिष्ठा
|[[Dhanishta|Dhaniṣṭhā]]
|Dhanishta
|"most famous",
also Shravishthā "swiftest"
|Nakshatra in [[Delphinus|Del]]
|-
|
|
|
|Dhanukoti
|part of Dhanu
|from Arabic: alf Oph
|-
|
|
|
|Dvidaivata
|
|[[Vishakha]]
|-
|
|
|[[Dhanuśira]]
|
|
|Mu Saggittarii (Shylaja, 2026)<ref name=":0">Shylaja B S, 2026, Astrolabes as records of previous eruptions of T CrB, Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy, 47(39)</ref>
|-
|
|
|Dhanuśarāgra
|
|
|Gamma Saggttarii (Shylaja, 2026)<ref name=":0" />
|-
|
|
|Dvitiyabhādra
|Dvitiyabhadra
|
|[[Uttara Bhadrapada]]
|-
|
|
|
|Haribha
|
|[[Shravana]]
|-
|13
|हस्त
|[[Hasta]]
|Hasta
|"the hand"
|Nakshatra in [[Corvus]]
|-
|
|
|
|Hayaamsha
|Body part of horse (from Arabic)
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|-
|
|
|
|Hutabhuk
|
|[[Krittika]]
|-
|
|
|
|Hutabhuk
|Fire, Agni
|β Tau (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|इल्वल
|[[Ilvala|Ilvala (इल्वल)]]
|Ilvala
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: ζ, ε, δ Ori (Belt of Orion)
|-
|
|
|
|Jaladaivata
|
|[[Purva Ashadha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Jalarksha
|
|[[Purva Ashadha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Jantupuchcha
|
|from Arabic: bet Cet
|-
|18
|ज्येष्ठा
|[[Jyeshtha|Jyeṣṭha]]
|Jyeshtha
|"the eldest, most excellent"
|Nakshatra in [[Scorpius|Sco]]
|-
|
|
|
|Kakaskandha
|shoulder of crow
|from Arabic: eps Crv
|-
|
|
|
|Kakayukta
|related to crow
|from Arabic: alf Cyg
|-
|
|
|
|Kakudapuchha
|
|kakayukta
|-
|
|
|
|Kalaja
|
|kakayukta
|-
|
|
|
|Kapala
|human skull
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Phe
|-
|
|
|
|Kara
|
|[[Hasta]]
|-
|
|
|
|Kartitakara
|??
|β Cas (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|3
|कृत्तिका
|[[Krittika|Kṛttika]]
|Krittika
|personified as the nurses of Kārttikeya, a son of Shiva
|Nakshatra ([[Pleiades]])
|-
|
|
|
|Lubdhaka
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf CMa
|-
|
|
|
|Lubdhaka Bandhu
|
|Yamyavasu
|-
|10
|मघा
|[[Magha|Maghā]]
|Magha
|"the bountiful"?
|Nakshatra in [[Leo]]
|-
|
|
|
|Mahendrasuri
|
|Malayendu
|-
|
|
|
|Maitra
|
|[[Anuradha]]
|-
|
|
|Malayendu, Ardralubdhaka, ShaNmukha, Sadaasya
|Malayendu
|
|from Arabic, possibly Indian: tet Cet
|-
|
|
|Mānuṣaśīrṣa
|Manusasirsa, Manusha shirsha
|Head of a person (from Arabic)
|β Per (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Manushahsta
|
|Nrihasta
|-
|
|
|
|Manushyaparshava
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Per
|-
|
|
|
|Marici
|name of a sage
|possibly Indian Indigenous: eta UMa
|-
|
|
|[[Matrcakra]]
|Matricakra
|[[Corona Borealis]]
|
|-
|
|
|
|Matsyamukha
|
|from Arabic: alf PsA
|-
|
|
|
|Matsyapuchha
|the tail of a fish
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Gru
|-
|
|
|
|Matsyodara
|Belly of the fish (from Arabic)
|β And (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Mithunadakshina, Mithunapadadakshina
|left side of Gemini
|from Arabic: bet Ori
|-
|
|
|
|Mithunapada
|foot of Gemini
|from Arabic: zet Tau
|-
|
|
|
|Mithunavamaskanda
|right side of Gemini
|from Arabic: kap, nu Ori
|-
|5
|मृगशिर
|[[Mrigashira]]
|Mrigashira
|"the deer's head".
|Nakshatra in [[Orion|Ori]]
|-
|19
|मूल
|[[Mula|Mūlā]]
|Mula
|"the root"
|Nakshatra in [[Scorpius|Sco]]
|-
|
|
|
|Muneendra
|great sage
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf UMa
|-
|
|
|
|Muni
|sage
|possibly Indian Indigenous: eta UMa
|-
|
|
|
|Nadyantaka
|End of the river (from Arabic)
|γ Phe (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Nakrapuchha
|tail of the crocodile
|possibly Indian Indigenous: sig Aqr
|-
|
|
|
|Nirtibha
|
|Mula
|-
|
|
|
|Nrihasta
|man's hand
|from Arabic: tet Aur
|-
|
|
|
|Nripada
|foot of a man
|from Arabic: bet Cen
|-
|
|
|Nṛpārśva
|Nrparsva, Nruparshva
|Side of a person/ part of the face of a man (from Arabic)
|α Per (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Nuramsa
|man's shoulder
|from Arabic: bet Aur
|-
|
|
|
|Paitra
|
|Magha
|-
|
|
|
|Phanibha
|
|Ashlesha
|-
|
|
|Pīṭhamūla
|Pithhamula, Peethamulam
|Base of the seat or chair
|γ Cas (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Pourshna
|
|Revati
|-
|
|
|
|Pragbhadra
|
|Purva Bhadrapada
|-
|
|
|
|Prajapathi
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: d Aur
|-
|7
|पुनर्वसु (dual)
|[[Punarvasu]]
|Punarvasu
|"the twinrestorers of goods",
yamakau "the two chariots"?
|Nakshatra in [[Gemini|Gem]]
|-
|
|
|
|Purato Muneendra
|next sage
|possibly Indian Indigenous: gam UMa
|-
|20
|पूर्व आषाढा
|[[Purva Ashadha|Purvaṣādha]]
|Purva Ashadha
|"first of the invincible"
|Nakshatra in [[Sagittarius|Sgr]]
|-
|25
|पूर्व भाद्रपदा/
पूर्व प्रोष्ठपदा
|[[Purva Bhadrapada|Purvābhādra]]
|Purva Bhadrapada
|"the first of the blessed feet"?
|Nakshatra in [[Pegasus|Peg]]
|-
|11
|पूर्व फाल्गुनी
|[[Purva Phalguni|Pūrva Phalgunī]]
|Purva Phalguni
|"first reddish one"?
|Nakshatra in [[Leo]]
|-
|8
|पुष्य
|[[Pushya]]
|Pushya
|"the nourisher"
|Nakshatra in [[Cancer|Cnc]]
|-
|
|
|
|Ravibha
|
|[[Hasta]]
|-
|27
|रेवती
|[[Revati]]
|Revati
|"prosperous"?
|Nakshatra in [[Pisces|Psc]]
|-
|4
|रोहिणी
|[[Rohini]]
|Rohini
|"the red one"
|Nakshatra ([[Hyades]])
|-
|
|
|
|Roudra
|
|[[Ardra]]
|-
|
|
|[[Shakata|Śakata]]
|Shakata
|Hyades
|
|-
|
|
|Śakra
|
|
|[[Jyeshtha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Samudra pakshi
|
|from Arabic: i Cet
|-
|
|
|
|Sarpa
|
|[[Ashlesha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Sarpa shirsha
|head of serpent
|from Arabic: alf Ser
|-
|
|
|
|Sarpayukta
|one with serpent
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Ara
|-
|
|
|
|Sauroktarudra
|Rudra cited in Soura – may be suryasiddhanta
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Ori
|-
|
|
|
|[[Shakthibha]]
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: eta Boo
|-
|24
|शतभिष/
शततारका
|[[Shatabhisha|Śatabhiṣa]]
|Shatabhisha/
Satabhisa
|a hundred physicians"
|Nakshatra in [[Aquarius|Aqr]]
|-
|
|
|
|Shishumaara
|dolphin or fish
|possibly Indian Indigenous: tet Oph
|-
|
|
|
|Shivabha
|
|[[Ardra]]
|-
|22
|श्रवण
|[[Shravana|Śravana]]
|Shravana
|Listening
|Nakshatra in [[Aquila]]
|-
|
|
|
|Sidhya
|
|[[Pushya]]
|-
|
|
|
|Simha PrishTha
|backside of lion
|from Arabic: del Leo
|-
|
|
|
|Simhaguhyam
|male organ of lion
|from Arabic: iot Leo
|-
|
|
|
|Simhasaka
|part of lion
|from Arabic: gam Leo
|-
|
|
|
|Skanda
|(6 headed karitikeya)
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Aur
|-
|
|
|
|Somya
|
|[[Mrigashira]]
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|Śraviṣṭhā
|Shravishtha
|
|[[Dhanishta]]
|-
|
|
|Śṛti
|Shirti
|
|[[Shravana]]
|-
|
|
|Supīṭha
|Supithha, Supeetha
|Auspicious seat / chair
|δ Cas (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|15
|स्वाति
|[[Svati]]
|Svati
|"Su-Ati - Goodness
|Nakshatra in [[Bootes]]
|-
|
|
|
|Tatpurato Muneendra
|the sage after that
|possibly Indian Indigenous: eps UMa
|-
|
|
|Tiṣya
|Tishya
|
|Pushya
|-
|
|
|
|Torana
|decorative motif on the main door
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Ser
|-
|
|
|
|Toya
|
|Purva Ashadha
|-
|
|
|[[Trivikrama]]
|Trivikrama
|three steps /one who put three steps
|possibly Indian Indigenous: ξν, μλ, ικ UMa
|-
|
|
|
|Tulaikasikha
|First star of Tula (Libra)
|an asterism in [[Libra]], perhaps [[Vishakha]] (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Tulanyasikha
|Another star of Tula
|an asterism in [[Libra]] (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|[[Turaganga]]
|Turaganga
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|Turanga
|
|from Arabic: nu Cet
|-
|
|
|
|Turangaasa
|Body part of horse (from Arabic)
|(Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Tvarshtra
|
|[[Chitra]]
|-
|
|
|
|Upāntya
|
|[[Uttara Bhadrapada]]
|-
|
|
|
|Urdhva Paschimaga
|the one above and to the west
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf UMa
|-
|21
|उत्तर आषाढा
|[[Uttara Ashadha|Uttara Āṣāḍhā]]
|Uttara Ashadha
|"Latter invincible"
|Nakshatra in [[Sagittarius|Sgr]]
|-
|26
|उत्तर भाद्रपदा/
उत्तर प्रोष्ठपदा
|[[Uttara Bhadrapada|Uttara Bhādrapada]]
|Uttara Bhadrapada
(U. Bhadra)
|"the second of the blessed feet"?
|Nakshatra in [[Pegasus|Peg]]+[[Andromeda|And]]
|-
|12
|उत्तर फाल्गुनी
|[[Uttara Phalguni|Uttara Phalgunī]]
|Uttara Phalguni
|"second reddish one"?
|Nakshatra in [[Leo]]
|-
|
|
|
|Vaisnava
|
|[[Shravana]]
|-
|
|
|
|Vaiśvadeva
|
|[[Uttara Ashadha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Vajibahu
|
|from Arabic: tet Cet
|-
|
|
|
|Varunarksha
|
|[[Shatabhisha|Satabhisa]]
|-
|
|
|
|Vāsava
|
|[[Dhanishta]]
|-
|
|
|
|VasishTha
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: zet UMa
|-
|
|
|
|Vasubha
|
|[[Dhanishta]]
|-
|
|
|
|Vatsa
|calf of a cow
|possibly Indian Indigenous: bet Tau
|-
|
|
|
|Vayasa
|
|from Arabic: bet Cyg
|-
|
|
|
|Vidibha
|
|[[Abhijit]]
|-
|
|
|
|Viśākhā
|
|[[Vishakha]]
|-
|16
|विशाखा
|[[Vishakha]]
|Vishakha
|"forked, having many branches"
|Nakshatra in [[Libra]]
|-
|
|
|
|Yama
|May be same as Nadyantaka, South
|α Eri (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Yamyavasu, Lubdhaka Bandhu
|southern vasu
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf CMi
|-
|
|
|
|Yugala
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: tet Oph
|-
|
|
|
|Yugasamkaravya
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: gam Ori
|-
|
|युग्म
|
|[[Yugma]]
|"double" for the middle steps in [[Trivikrama]]
|possibly Indian Indigenous: lam, mu UMa (rarely also for gam+bet Dra)
|-
|
|युग्मक
|
|[[Yugmaka]]
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: iot+kap UMa
|}

References: Shylaja and Venketeswara Pai, 2018

[[Category:Overviews]] [[Category:Asian]]
[[Category:South Asian]]
[[Category:Indian]]
[[Category:Service]]

Indian Names (All Terms)

2026-07-16T07:26:42Z

Shylaja:

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
<div style="float:right; margin:0 0 1em 1em;">
<youtube align=right>https://youtu.be/7k4SG-sw8lo</youtube>
</div>
[[File:India (orthographic projection).svg|thumb|Map of India, part of South Asia (UN region)]]
[[File:Nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|thumb|Display of all 28th nakshatra in a doorway in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).]]

The Indian subcontinent hosts a rich and old traditional astronomy in many different flavours. It grew and was inspired by exchange with neighbouring cultures such as Chinese and Mesopotamian.

=== Solar System Names ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Traditional Terms
!Transliteration
!English
!commentary
|-
|
|Bhānu, Sūrya and many more
|Sun
|There are many more names
|-
|
|Candra, Indu, Sudhaṁśu and many more
|Moon
|There are many more names
|-
|
|Budha
| Mercury
|
|-
|
|<big>ś</big>ukra
|Venus
|Very bright
|-
|
|Kuja, Angāraka
|Mars
|Ku = earth, Kuja = son of earth
Angāra = red hot charcoal
|-
|
|Guru, Bṛhaspati
|Jupiter
|wise person, Teacher / advisor for Gods
|-
|
|<big>ś</big>ani
|Saturn
|slow moving
|-
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|[[Rahu]]
|ascending node
|
|-
|
|[[Ketu]]
|descending node
|
|}

=== Dictionary of Asterisms (Stars and Constellations) ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Naks. Number
!Sanscrit
! colspan="2" |Transliteration
!English Description/ Translation
!Commentary
|-
!
!
!with diacritics
!without ...
!
!
|-
|28
|अभिजित
|[[Abhijit]]
|Abhijit
|Victorius
|Nakshatra in [[Lyra]]
|-
|
|
|
|Adhah Paschimaga
|the one below and west
|possibly Indian Indigenous: bet UMa
|-
|
|
|
|Aditerbha
|
|[[Punarvasu]]
|-
|
|
|
|Agasthya
|
|Canopus
|-
|
|
|
|Agni
|
|[[Krittika]]
|-
|
|
|
|Agnidaiva
|
|[[Krittika]]
|-
|
|
|Āgrahāyaṇī
|Agrahayani
|
|[[Mrigashira]]
|-
|
|
|
|Ahirbudhnya
|
|[[Uttara Bhadrapada]]
|-
|
|
|
|Ahya
|
|[[Ashlesha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Aindra
|
|[[Jyeshtha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Ajaikapada
|
|[[Purva Bhadrapada]]
|-
|
|
|
|Ajanghri
|
|[[Purva Bhadrapada]]
|-
|
|
|
|Anila
|
|[[Svati]]
|-
|17
|अनुराधा
|[[Anuradha]]
|Anuradha
|"following rādhā"
|Nakshatra in [[Scorpius|Sco]]
|-
|
|
|
|Anyomuni
|another sage
|possibly Indian Indigenous: bet UMa
|-
|
|
|[[Apa|Āpa]]
|Apa
|
|ζ Vir (Shylaja and Pai (2019))
|-
|
|
|[[Apamvatsa|Apāṃvatsa]]
|Apamvatsa
|
|74 Vir (Shylaja and Pai (2019))
|-
|
|
|Āptapān
|Aptapan
|??
|α Cas (Shylaja and Pai (2019))
|-
|
|
|
|Apya
|
|[[Purva Ashadha]]
|-
|6
|आर्द्रा
|[[Ardra]]
|Ardra
|wetness,
|Nakshatra ([[Betelgeuse]])
|-
|
|
|
|Arya
|
|[[Uttara Phalguni]]
|-
|
|
|
|Aryamrksha
|
|[[Uttara Phalguni]]
|-
|9
|आश्लेषः
|[[Ashlesha|Āshleshā]]
|Ashlesha
|"the embrace"
|Nakshatra
|-
|
|
|Aśvanābha
|Ashvanabha
|Belly of the horse (from Arabic)
|α And (Shylaja and Pai (2019))
|-
|1
|अश्विनी
|[[Ashvini|Aśvini]]
|Ashvini
|Twin physician of the Gods
|Nakshatra in [[Aries]]
|-
|
|
|
|Bhagya
|
|[[Purva Phalguni]]
|-
|
|
|
|Bhagybha
|
|[[Purva Phalguni]]
|-
|2
|भरणी
|[[Bharani]]
|Bharani
|the bearer, a container
|Nakshatra in [[Aries]]
|-
|
|
|
|Bhujaga shirsha
|
|Sarpa shirsha
|-
|
|
|[[Bhujanga]]
|Bhujanga
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: gam Vel
|-
|
|
|
|Brahmabha
|
|[[Rohini]]
|-
|
|
|
|Brahmahridaya
|
|a Aur all texts or b Aur ??
|-
|
|
|Brāhmī
|Brahmi
|
|[[Rohini]]
|-
|
|
|
|Brahmya
|
|[[Rohini]]
|-
|14
|चित्रा
|[[Chitra|Citrā]]
|Chitra
|"the bright one"
|Nakshatra ([[Spica]])
|-
|
|
|
|Dasra
|
|[[Ashvini|Aśvini]]
|-
|23
|श्रविष्ठा/
धनिष्ठा
|[[Dhanishta|Dhaniṣṭhā]]
|Dhanishta
|"most famous",
also Shravishthā "swiftest"
|Nakshatra in [[Delphinus|Del]]
|-
|
|
|
|Dhanukoti
|part of Dhanu
|from Arabic: alf Oph
|-
|
|
|
|Dvidaivata
|
|[[Vishakha]]
|-
|
|
|Dhanuśira
|
|
|Mu Saggittarii (Shylaja, 2026)<ref name=":0">Shylaja B S, 2026, Astrolabes as records of previous eruptions of T CrB, Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy, 47(39)</ref>
|-
|
|
|Dhanuśarāgra
|
|
|Gamma Saggttarii (Shylaja, 2026)<ref name=":0" />
|-
|
|
|Dvitiyabhādra
|Dvitiyabhadra
|
|[[Uttara Bhadrapada]]
|-
|
|
|
|Haribha
|
|[[Shravana]]
|-
|13
|हस्त
|[[Hasta]]
|Hasta
|"the hand"
|Nakshatra in [[Corvus]]
|-
|
|
|
|Hayaamsha
|Body part of horse (from Arabic)
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|-
|
|
|
|Hutabhuk
|
|[[Krittika]]
|-
|
|
|
|Hutabhuk
|Fire, Agni
|β Tau (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|इल्वल
|[[Ilvala|Ilvala (इल्वल)]]
|Ilvala
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: ζ, ε, δ Ori (Belt of Orion)
|-
|
|
|
|Jaladaivata
|
|[[Purva Ashadha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Jalarksha
|
|[[Purva Ashadha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Jantupuchcha
|
|from Arabic: bet Cet
|-
|18
|ज्येष्ठा
|[[Jyeshtha|Jyeṣṭha]]
|Jyeshtha
|"the eldest, most excellent"
|Nakshatra in [[Scorpius|Sco]]
|-
|
|
|
|Kakaskandha
|shoulder of crow
|from Arabic: eps Crv
|-
|
|
|
|Kakayukta
|related to crow
|from Arabic: alf Cyg
|-
|
|
|
|Kakudapuchha
|
|kakayukta
|-
|
|
|
|Kalaja
|
|kakayukta
|-
|
|
|
|Kapala
|human skull
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Phe
|-
|
|
|
|Kara
|
|[[Hasta]]
|-
|
|
|
|Kartitakara
|??
|β Cas (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|3
|कृत्तिका
|[[Krittika|Kṛttika]]
|Krittika
|personified as the nurses of Kārttikeya, a son of Shiva
|Nakshatra ([[Pleiades]])
|-
|
|
|
|Lubdhaka
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf CMa
|-
|
|
|
|Lubdhaka Bandhu
|
|Yamyavasu
|-
|10
|मघा
|[[Magha|Maghā]]
|Magha
|"the bountiful"?
|Nakshatra in [[Leo]]
|-
|
|
|
|Mahendrasuri
|
|Malayendu
|-
|
|
|
|Maitra
|
|[[Anuradha]]
|-
|
|
|Malayendu, Ardralubdhaka, ShaNmukha, Sadaasya
|Malayendu
|
|from Arabic, possibly Indian: tet Cet
|-
|
|
|Mānuṣaśīrṣa
|Manusasirsa, Manusha shirsha
|Head of a person (from Arabic)
|β Per (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Manushahsta
|
|Nrihasta
|-
|
|
|
|Manushyaparshava
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Per
|-
|
|
|
|Marici
|name of a sage
|possibly Indian Indigenous: eta UMa
|-
|
|
|[[Matrcakra]]
|Matricakra
|[[Corona Borealis]]
|
|-
|
|
|
|Matsyamukha
|
|from Arabic: alf PsA
|-
|
|
|
|Matsyapuchha
|the tail of a fish
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Gru
|-
|
|
|
|Matsyodara
|Belly of the fish (from Arabic)
|β And (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Mithunadakshina, Mithunapadadakshina
|left side of Gemini
|from Arabic: bet Ori
|-
|
|
|
|Mithunapada
|foot of Gemini
|from Arabic: zet Tau
|-
|
|
|
|Mithunavamaskanda
|right side of Gemini
|from Arabic: kap, nu Ori
|-
|5
|मृगशिर
|[[Mrigashira]]
|Mrigashira
|"the deer's head".
|Nakshatra in [[Orion|Ori]]
|-
|19
|मूल
|[[Mula|Mūlā]]
|Mula
|"the root"
|Nakshatra in [[Scorpius|Sco]]
|-
|
|
|
|Muneendra
|great sage
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf UMa
|-
|
|
|
|Muni
|sage
|possibly Indian Indigenous: eta UMa
|-
|
|
|
|Nadyantaka
|End of the river (from Arabic)
|γ Phe (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Nakrapuchha
|tail of the crocodile
|possibly Indian Indigenous: sig Aqr
|-
|
|
|
|Nirtibha
|
|Mula
|-
|
|
|
|Nrihasta
|man's hand
|from Arabic: tet Aur
|-
|
|
|
|Nripada
|foot of a man
|from Arabic: bet Cen
|-
|
|
|Nṛpārśva
|Nrparsva, Nruparshva
|Side of a person/ part of the face of a man (from Arabic)
|α Per (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Nuramsa
|man's shoulder
|from Arabic: bet Aur
|-
|
|
|
|Paitra
|
|Magha
|-
|
|
|
|Phanibha
|
|Ashlesha
|-
|
|
|Pīṭhamūla
|Pithhamula, Peethamulam
|Base of the seat or chair
|γ Cas (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Pourshna
|
|Revati
|-
|
|
|
|Pragbhadra
|
|Purva Bhadrapada
|-
|
|
|
|Prajapathi
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: d Aur
|-
|7
|पुनर्वसु (dual)
|[[Punarvasu]]
|Punarvasu
|"the twinrestorers of goods",
yamakau "the two chariots"?
|Nakshatra in [[Gemini|Gem]]
|-
|
|
|
|Purato Muneendra
|next sage
|possibly Indian Indigenous: gam UMa
|-
|20
|पूर्व आषाढा
|[[Purva Ashadha|Purvaṣādha]]
|Purva Ashadha
|"first of the invincible"
|Nakshatra in [[Sagittarius|Sgr]]
|-
|25
|पूर्व भाद्रपदा/
पूर्व प्रोष्ठपदा
|[[Purva Bhadrapada|Purvābhādra]]
|Purva Bhadrapada
|"the first of the blessed feet"?
|Nakshatra in [[Pegasus|Peg]]
|-
|11
|पूर्व फाल्गुनी
|[[Purva Phalguni|Pūrva Phalgunī]]
|Purva Phalguni
|"first reddish one"?
|Nakshatra in [[Leo]]
|-
|8
|पुष्य
|[[Pushya]]
|Pushya
|"the nourisher"
|Nakshatra in [[Cancer|Cnc]]
|-
|
|
|
|Ravibha
|
|[[Hasta]]
|-
|27
|रेवती
|[[Revati]]
|Revati
|"prosperous"?
|Nakshatra in [[Pisces|Psc]]
|-
|4
|रोहिणी
|[[Rohini]]
|Rohini
|"the red one"
|Nakshatra ([[Hyades]])
|-
|
|
|
|Roudra
|
|[[Ardra]]
|-
|
|
|[[Shakata|Śakata]]
|Shakata
|Hyades
|
|-
|
|
|Śakra
|
|
|[[Jyeshtha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Samudra pakshi
|
|from Arabic: i Cet
|-
|
|
|
|Sarpa
|
|[[Ashlesha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Sarpa shirsha
|head of serpent
|from Arabic: alf Ser
|-
|
|
|
|Sarpayukta
|one with serpent
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Ara
|-
|
|
|
|Sauroktarudra
|Rudra cited in Soura – may be suryasiddhanta
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Ori
|-
|
|
|
|[[Shakthibha]]
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: eta Boo
|-
|24
|शतभिष/
शततारका
|[[Shatabhisha|Śatabhiṣa]]
|Shatabhisha/
Satabhisa
|a hundred physicians"
|Nakshatra in [[Aquarius|Aqr]]
|-
|
|
|
|Shishumaara
|dolphin or fish
|possibly Indian Indigenous: tet Oph
|-
|
|
|
|Shivabha
|
|[[Ardra]]
|-
|22
|श्रवण
|[[Shravana|Śravana]]
|Shravana
|Listening
|Nakshatra in [[Aquila]]
|-
|
|
|
|Sidhya
|
|[[Pushya]]
|-
|
|
|
|Simha PrishTha
|backside of lion
|from Arabic: del Leo
|-
|
|
|
|Simhaguhyam
|male organ of lion
|from Arabic: iot Leo
|-
|
|
|
|Simhasaka
|part of lion
|from Arabic: gam Leo
|-
|
|
|
|Skanda
|(6 headed karitikeya)
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Aur
|-
|
|
|
|Somya
|
|[[Mrigashira]]
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|Śraviṣṭhā
|Shravishtha
|
|[[Dhanishta]]
|-
|
|
|Śṛti
|Shirti
|
|[[Shravana]]
|-
|
|
|Supīṭha
|Supithha, Supeetha
|Auspicious seat / chair
|δ Cas (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|15
|स्वाति
|[[Svati]]
|Svati
|"Su-Ati - Goodness
|Nakshatra in [[Bootes]]
|-
|
|
|
|Tatpurato Muneendra
|the sage after that
|possibly Indian Indigenous: eps UMa
|-
|
|
|Tiṣya
|Tishya
|
|Pushya
|-
|
|
|
|Torana
|decorative motif on the main door
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Ser
|-
|
|
|
|Toya
|
|Purva Ashadha
|-
|
|
|[[Trivikrama]]
|Trivikrama
|three steps /one who put three steps
|possibly Indian Indigenous: ξν, μλ, ικ UMa
|-
|
|
|
|Tulaikasikha
|First star of Tula (Libra)
|an asterism in [[Libra]], perhaps [[Vishakha]] (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Tulanyasikha
|Another star of Tula
|an asterism in [[Libra]] (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|[[Turaganga]]
|Turaganga
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|Turanga
|
|from Arabic: nu Cet
|-
|
|
|
|Turangaasa
|Body part of horse (from Arabic)
|(Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Tvarshtra
|
|[[Chitra]]
|-
|
|
|
|Upāntya
|
|[[Uttara Bhadrapada]]
|-
|
|
|
|Urdhva Paschimaga
|the one above and to the west
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf UMa
|-
|21
|उत्तर आषाढा
|[[Uttara Ashadha|Uttara Āṣāḍhā]]
|Uttara Ashadha
|"Latter invincible"
|Nakshatra in [[Sagittarius|Sgr]]
|-
|26
|उत्तर भाद्रपदा/
उत्तर प्रोष्ठपदा
|[[Uttara Bhadrapada|Uttara Bhādrapada]]
|Uttara Bhadrapada
(U. Bhadra)
|"the second of the blessed feet"?
|Nakshatra in [[Pegasus|Peg]]+[[Andromeda|And]]
|-
|12
|उत्तर फाल्गुनी
|[[Uttara Phalguni|Uttara Phalgunī]]
|Uttara Phalguni
|"second reddish one"?
|Nakshatra in [[Leo]]
|-
|
|
|
|Vaisnava
|
|[[Shravana]]
|-
|
|
|
|Vaiśvadeva
|
|[[Uttara Ashadha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Vajibahu
|
|from Arabic: tet Cet
|-
|
|
|
|Varunarksha
|
|[[Shatabhisha|Satabhisa]]
|-
|
|
|
|Vāsava
|
|[[Dhanishta]]
|-
|
|
|
|VasishTha
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: zet UMa
|-
|
|
|
|Vasubha
|
|[[Dhanishta]]
|-
|
|
|
|Vatsa
|calf of a cow
|possibly Indian Indigenous: bet Tau
|-
|
|
|
|Vayasa
|
|from Arabic: bet Cyg
|-
|
|
|
|Vidibha
|
|[[Abhijit]]
|-
|
|
|
|Viśākhā
|
|[[Vishakha]]
|-
|16
|विशाखा
|[[Vishakha]]
|Vishakha
|"forked, having many branches"
|Nakshatra in [[Libra]]
|-
|
|
|
|Yama
|May be same as Nadyantaka, South
|α Eri (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Yamyavasu, Lubdhaka Bandhu
|southern vasu
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf CMi
|-
|
|
|
|Yugala
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: tet Oph
|-
|
|
|
|Yugasamkaravya
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: gam Ori
|-
|
|युग्म
|
|[[Yugma]]
|"double" for the middle steps in [[Trivikrama]]
|possibly Indian Indigenous: lam, mu UMa (rarely also for gam+bet Dra)
|-
|
|युग्मक
|
|[[Yugmaka]]
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: iot+kap UMa
|}

References: Shylaja and Venketeswara Pai, 2018

[[Category:Overviews]] [[Category:Asian]]
[[Category:South Asian]]
[[Category:Indian]]
[[Category:Service]]

Indian Names (All Terms)

2026-07-16T07:18:43Z

Shylaja: /* Dictionary of Asterisms (Stars and Constellations) */

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
<div style="float:right; margin:0 0 1em 1em;">
<youtube align=right>https://youtu.be/7k4SG-sw8lo</youtube>
</div>
[[File:India (orthographic projection).svg|thumb|Map of India, part of South Asia (UN region)]]
[[File:Nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|thumb|Display of all 28th nakshatra in a doorway in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).]]

The Indian subcontinent hosts a rich and old traditional astronomy in many different flavours. It grew and was inspired by exchange with neighbouring cultures such as Chinese and Mesopotamian.

=== Solar System Names ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Traditional Terms
!Transliteration
!English
!commentary
|-
|
|Bhānu, Sūrya and many more
|Sun
|There are many more names
|-
|
|Candra, Indu, Sudhaṁśu and many more
|Moon
|There are many more names
|-
|
|Budha
| Mercury
|
|-
|
|<big>ś</big>ukra
|Venus
|Very bright
|-
|
|Kuja, Angāraka
|Mars
|Ku = earth, Kuja = son of earth
Angāra = red hot charcoal
|-
|
|Guru, Bṛhaspati
|Jupiter
|wise person, Teacher / advisor for Gods
|-
|
|<big>ś</big>ani
|Saturn
|slow moving
|-
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|[[Rahu]]
|ascending node
|
|-
|
|[[Ketu]]
|descending node
|
|}

=== Dictionary of Asterisms (Stars and Constellations) ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!Naks. Number
!Sanscrit
! colspan="2" |Transliteration
!English Description/ Translation
!Commentary
|-
!
!
!with diacritics
!without ...
!
!
|-
|28
|अभिजित
|[[Abhijit]]
|Abhijit
|Victorius
|Nakshatra in [[Lyra]]
|-
|
|
|
|Adhah Paschimaga
|the one below and west
|possibly Indian Indigenous: bet UMa
|-
|
|
|
|Aditerbha
|
|[[Punarvasu]]
|-
|
|
|
|Agasthya
|
|Canopus
|-
|
|
|
|Agni
|
|[[Krittika]]
|-
|
|
|
|Agnidaiva
|
|[[Krittika]]
|-
|
|
|Āgrahāyaṇī
|Agrahayani
|
|[[Mrigashira]]
|-
|
|
|
|Ahirbudhnya
|
|[[Uttara Bhadrapada]]
|-
|
|
|
|Ahya
|
|[[Ashlesha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Aindra
|
|[[Jyeshtha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Ajaikapada
|
|[[Purva Bhadrapada]]
|-
|
|
|
|Ajanghri
|
|[[Purva Bhadrapada]]
|-
|
|
|
|Anila
|
|[[Svati]]
|-
|17
|अनुराधा
|[[Anuradha]]
|Anuradha
|"following rādhā"
|Nakshatra in [[Scorpius|Sco]]
|-
|
|
|
|Anyomuni
|another sage
|possibly Indian Indigenous: bet UMa
|-
|
|
|[[Apa|Āpa]]
|Apa
|
|ζ Vir (Shylaja and Pai (2019))
|-
|
|
|[[Apamvatsa|Apāṃvatsa]]
|Apamvatsa
|
|74 Vir (Shylaja and Pai (2019))
|-
|
|
|Āptapān
|Aptapan
|??
|α Cas (Shylaja and Pai (2019))
|-
|
|
|
|Apya
|
|[[Purva Ashadha]]
|-
|6
|आर्द्रा
|[[Ardra]]
|Ardra
|wetness,
|Nakshatra ([[Betelgeuse]])
|-
|
|
|
|Arya
|
|[[Uttara Phalguni]]
|-
|
|
|
|Aryamrksha
|
|[[Uttara Phalguni]]
|-
|9
|आश्लेषः
|[[Ashlesha|Āshleshā]]
|Ashlesha
|"the embrace"
|Nakshatra
|-
|
|
|Aśvanābha
|Ashvanabha
|Belly of the horse (from Arabic)
|α And (Shylaja and Pai (2019))
|-
|1
|अश्विनी
|[[Ashvini|Aśvini]]
|Ashvini
|Twin physician of the Gods
|Nakshatra in [[Aries]]
|-
|
|
|
|Bhagya
|
|[[Purva Phalguni]]
|-
|
|
|
|Bhagybha
|
|[[Purva Phalguni]]
|-
|2
|भरणी
|[[Bharani]]
|Bharani
|the bearer, a container
|Nakshatra in [[Aries]]
|-
|
|
|
|Bhujaga shirsha
|
|Sarpa shirsha
|-
|
|
|[[Bhujanga]]
|Bhujanga
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: gam Vel
|-
|
|
|
|Brahmabha
|
|[[Rohini]]
|-
|
|
|
|Brahmahridaya
|
|a Aur all texts or b Aur ??
|-
|
|
|Brāhmī
|Brahmi
|
|[[Rohini]]
|-
|
|
|
|Brahmya
|
|[[Rohini]]
|-
|14
|चित्रा
|[[Chitra|Citrā]]
|Chitra
|"the bright one"
|Nakshatra ([[Spica]])
|-
|
|
|
|Dasra
|
|[[Ashvini|Aśvini]]
|-
|23
|श्रविष्ठा/
धनिष्ठा
|[[Dhanishta|Dhaniṣṭhā]]
|Dhanishta
|"most famous",
also Shravishthā "swiftest"
|Nakshatra in [[Delphinus|Del]]
|-
|
|
|
|Dhanukoti
|part of Dhanu
|from Arabic: alf Oph
|-
|
|
|
|Dvidaivata
|
|[[Vishakha]]
|-
|
|
|Dhanuśira
|
|
|Mu Saggittarii (Shylaja, 2026)<ref>Shylaja B S, 2026, Astrolabes as records of previous eruptions of T CrB, Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy, 47(39)</ref>
|-
|
|
|Dhanuśarāgra
|
|
|Gamma Saggttarii (Shylaja, 2026)
|-
|
|
|Dvitiyabhādra
|Dvitiyabhadra
|
|[[Uttara Bhadrapada]]
|-
|
|
|
|Haribha
|
|[[Shravana]]
|-
|13
|हस्त
|[[Hasta]]
|Hasta
|"the hand"
|Nakshatra in [[Corvus]]
|-
|
|
|
|Hayaamsha
|Body part of horse (from Arabic)
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|-
|
|
|
|Hutabhuk
|
|[[Krittika]]
|-
|
|
|
|Hutabhuk
|Fire, Agni
|β Tau (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|इल्वल
|[[Ilvala|Ilvala (इल्वल)]]
|Ilvala
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: ζ, ε, δ Ori (Belt of Orion)
|-
|
|
|
|Jaladaivata
|
|[[Purva Ashadha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Jalarksha
|
|[[Purva Ashadha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Jantupuchcha
|
|from Arabic: bet Cet
|-
|18
|ज्येष्ठा
|[[Jyeshtha|Jyeṣṭha]]
|Jyeshtha
|"the eldest, most excellent"
|Nakshatra in [[Scorpius|Sco]]
|-
|
|
|
|Kakaskandha
|shoulder of crow
|from Arabic: eps Crv
|-
|
|
|
|Kakayukta
|related to crow
|from Arabic: alf Cyg
|-
|
|
|
|Kakudapuchha
|
|kakayukta
|-
|
|
|
|Kalaja
|
|kakayukta
|-
|
|
|
|Kapala
|human skull
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Phe
|-
|
|
|
|Kara
|
|[[Hasta]]
|-
|
|
|
|Kartitakara
|??
|β Cas (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|3
|कृत्तिका
|[[Krittika|Kṛttika]]
|Krittika
|personified as the nurses of Kārttikeya, a son of Shiva
|Nakshatra ([[Pleiades]])
|-
|
|
|
|Lubdhaka
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf CMa
|-
|
|
|
|Lubdhaka Bandhu
|
|Yamyavasu
|-
|10
|मघा
|[[Magha|Maghā]]
|Magha
|"the bountiful"?
|Nakshatra in [[Leo]]
|-
|
|
|
|Mahendrasuri
|
|Malayendu
|-
|
|
|
|Maitra
|
|[[Anuradha]]
|-
|
|
|Malayendu, Ardralubdhaka, ShaNmukha, Sadaasya
|Malayendu
|
|from Arabic, possibly Indian: tet Cet
|-
|
|
|Mānuṣaśīrṣa
|Manusasirsa, Manusha shirsha
|Head of a person (from Arabic)
|β Per (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Manushahsta
|
|Nrihasta
|-
|
|
|
|Manushyaparshava
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Per
|-
|
|
|
|Marici
|name of a sage
|possibly Indian Indigenous: eta UMa
|-
|
|
|[[Matrcakra]]
|Matricakra
|[[Corona Borealis]]
|
|-
|
|
|
|Matsyamukha
|
|from Arabic: alf PsA
|-
|
|
|
|Matsyapuchha
|the tail of a fish
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Gru
|-
|
|
|
|Matsyodara
|Belly of the fish (from Arabic)
|β And (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Mithunadakshina, Mithunapadadakshina
|left side of Gemini
|from Arabic: bet Ori
|-
|
|
|
|Mithunapada
|foot of Gemini
|from Arabic: zet Tau
|-
|
|
|
|Mithunavamaskanda
|right side of Gemini
|from Arabic: kap, nu Ori
|-
|5
|मृगशिर
|[[Mrigashira]]
|Mrigashira
|"the deer's head".
|Nakshatra in [[Orion|Ori]]
|-
|19
|मूल
|[[Mula|Mūlā]]
|Mula
|"the root"
|Nakshatra in [[Scorpius|Sco]]
|-
|
|
|
|Muneendra
|great sage
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf UMa
|-
|
|
|
|Muni
|sage
|possibly Indian Indigenous: eta UMa
|-
|
|
|
|Nadyantaka
|End of the river (from Arabic)
|γ Phe (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Nakrapuchha
|tail of the crocodile
|possibly Indian Indigenous: sig Aqr
|-
|
|
|
|Nirtibha
|
|Mula
|-
|
|
|
|Nrihasta
|man's hand
|from Arabic: tet Aur
|-
|
|
|
|Nripada
|foot of a man
|from Arabic: bet Cen
|-
|
|
|Nṛpārśva
|Nrparsva, Nruparshva
|Side of a person/ part of the face of a man (from Arabic)
|α Per (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Nuramsa
|man's shoulder
|from Arabic: bet Aur
|-
|
|
|
|Paitra
|
|Magha
|-
|
|
|
|Phanibha
|
|Ashlesha
|-
|
|
|Pīṭhamūla
|Pithhamula, Peethamulam
|Base of the seat or chair
|γ Cas (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Pourshna
|
|Revati
|-
|
|
|
|Pragbhadra
|
|Purva Bhadrapada
|-
|
|
|
|Prajapathi
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: d Aur
|-
|7
|पुनर्वसु (dual)
|[[Punarvasu]]
|Punarvasu
|"the twinrestorers of goods",
yamakau "the two chariots"?
|Nakshatra in [[Gemini|Gem]]
|-
|
|
|
|Purato Muneendra
|next sage
|possibly Indian Indigenous: gam UMa
|-
|20
|पूर्व आषाढा
|[[Purva Ashadha|Purvaṣādha]]
|Purva Ashadha
|"first of the invincible"
|Nakshatra in [[Sagittarius|Sgr]]
|-
|25
|पूर्व भाद्रपदा/
पूर्व प्रोष्ठपदा
|[[Purva Bhadrapada|Purvābhādra]]
|Purva Bhadrapada
|"the first of the blessed feet"?
|Nakshatra in [[Pegasus|Peg]]
|-
|11
|पूर्व फाल्गुनी
|[[Purva Phalguni|Pūrva Phalgunī]]
|Purva Phalguni
|"first reddish one"?
|Nakshatra in [[Leo]]
|-
|8
|पुष्य
|[[Pushya]]
|Pushya
|"the nourisher"
|Nakshatra in [[Cancer|Cnc]]
|-
|
|
|
|Ravibha
|
|[[Hasta]]
|-
|27
|रेवती
|[[Revati]]
|Revati
|"prosperous"?
|Nakshatra in [[Pisces|Psc]]
|-
|4
|रोहिणी
|[[Rohini]]
|Rohini
|"the red one"
|Nakshatra ([[Hyades]])
|-
|
|
|
|Roudra
|
|[[Ardra]]
|-
|
|
|[[Shakata|Śakata]]
|Shakata
|Hyades
|
|-
|
|
|Śakra
|
|
|[[Jyeshtha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Samudra pakshi
|
|from Arabic: i Cet
|-
|
|
|
|Sarpa
|
|[[Ashlesha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Sarpa shirsha
|head of serpent
|from Arabic: alf Ser
|-
|
|
|
|Sarpayukta
|one with serpent
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Ara
|-
|
|
|
|Sauroktarudra
|Rudra cited in Soura – may be suryasiddhanta
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Ori
|-
|
|
|
|[[Shakthibha]]
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: eta Boo
|-
|24
|शतभिष/
शततारका
|[[Shatabhisha|Śatabhiṣa]]
|Shatabhisha/
Satabhisa
|a hundred physicians"
|Nakshatra in [[Aquarius|Aqr]]
|-
|
|
|
|Shishumaara
|dolphin or fish
|possibly Indian Indigenous: tet Oph
|-
|
|
|
|Shivabha
|
|[[Ardra]]
|-
|22
|श्रवण
|[[Shravana|Śravana]]
|Shravana
|Listening
|Nakshatra in [[Aquila]]
|-
|
|
|
|Sidhya
|
|[[Pushya]]
|-
|
|
|
|Simha PrishTha
|backside of lion
|from Arabic: del Leo
|-
|
|
|
|Simhaguhyam
|male organ of lion
|from Arabic: iot Leo
|-
|
|
|
|Simhasaka
|part of lion
|from Arabic: gam Leo
|-
|
|
|
|Skanda
|(6 headed karitikeya)
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Aur
|-
|
|
|
|Somya
|
|[[Mrigashira]]
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|Śraviṣṭhā
|Shravishtha
|
|[[Dhanishta]]
|-
|
|
|Śṛti
|Shirti
|
|[[Shravana]]
|-
|
|
|Supīṭha
|Supithha, Supeetha
|Auspicious seat / chair
|δ Cas (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|15
|स्वाति
|[[Svati]]
|Svati
|"Su-Ati - Goodness
|Nakshatra in [[Bootes]]
|-
|
|
|
|Tatpurato Muneendra
|the sage after that
|possibly Indian Indigenous: eps UMa
|-
|
|
|Tiṣya
|Tishya
|
|Pushya
|-
|
|
|
|Torana
|decorative motif on the main door
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf Ser
|-
|
|
|
|Toya
|
|Purva Ashadha
|-
|
|
|[[Trivikrama]]
|Trivikrama
|three steps /one who put three steps
|possibly Indian Indigenous: ξν, μλ, ικ UMa
|-
|
|
|
|Tulaikasikha
|First star of Tula (Libra)
|an asterism in [[Libra]], perhaps [[Vishakha]] (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Tulanyasikha
|Another star of Tula
|an asterism in [[Libra]] (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|[[Turaganga]]
|Turaganga
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|Turanga
|
|from Arabic: nu Cet
|-
|
|
|
|Turangaasa
|Body part of horse (from Arabic)
|(Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Tvarshtra
|
|[[Chitra]]
|-
|
|
|
|Upāntya
|
|[[Uttara Bhadrapada]]
|-
|
|
|
|Urdhva Paschimaga
|the one above and to the west
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf UMa
|-
|21
|उत्तर आषाढा
|[[Uttara Ashadha|Uttara Āṣāḍhā]]
|Uttara Ashadha
|"Latter invincible"
|Nakshatra in [[Sagittarius|Sgr]]
|-
|26
|उत्तर भाद्रपदा/
उत्तर प्रोष्ठपदा
|[[Uttara Bhadrapada|Uttara Bhādrapada]]
|Uttara Bhadrapada
(U. Bhadra)
|"the second of the blessed feet"?
|Nakshatra in [[Pegasus|Peg]]+[[Andromeda|And]]
|-
|12
|उत्तर फाल्गुनी
|[[Uttara Phalguni|Uttara Phalgunī]]
|Uttara Phalguni
|"second reddish one"?
|Nakshatra in [[Leo]]
|-
|
|
|
|Vaisnava
|
|[[Shravana]]
|-
|
|
|
|Vaiśvadeva
|
|[[Uttara Ashadha]]
|-
|
|
|
|Vajibahu
|
|from Arabic: tet Cet
|-
|
|
|
|Varunarksha
|
|[[Shatabhisha|Satabhisa]]
|-
|
|
|
|Vāsava
|
|[[Dhanishta]]
|-
|
|
|
|VasishTha
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: zet UMa
|-
|
|
|
|Vasubha
|
|[[Dhanishta]]
|-
|
|
|
|Vatsa
|calf of a cow
|possibly Indian Indigenous: bet Tau
|-
|
|
|
|Vayasa
|
|from Arabic: bet Cyg
|-
|
|
|
|Vidibha
|
|[[Abhijit]]
|-
|
|
|
|Viśākhā
|
|[[Vishakha]]
|-
|16
|विशाखा
|[[Vishakha]]
|Vishakha
|"forked, having many branches"
|Nakshatra in [[Libra]]
|-
|
|
|
|Yama
|May be same as Nadyantaka, South
|α Eri (Shylaja+ (2016))
|-
|
|
|
|Yamyavasu, Lubdhaka Bandhu
|southern vasu
|possibly Indian Indigenous: alf CMi
|-
|
|
|
|Yugala
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: tet Oph
|-
|
|
|
|Yugasamkaravya
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: gam Ori
|-
|
|युग्म
|
|[[Yugma]]
|"double" for the middle steps in [[Trivikrama]]
|possibly Indian Indigenous: lam, mu UMa (rarely also for gam+bet Dra)
|-
|
|युग्मक
|
|[[Yugmaka]]
|
|possibly Indian Indigenous: iot+kap UMa
|}

References: Shylaja and Venketeswara Pai, 2018

[[Category:Overviews]] [[Category:Asian]]
[[Category:South Asian]]
[[Category:Indian]]
[[Category:Service]]

Dhanishta

2026-07-16T05:40:43Z

Shylaja:

{{DISPLAYTITLE: Dhaniṣṭhā (धनिष्ठा)}}
<references />
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
[[File:Dhanishta nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|thumb|Dhanishta, the 23rd nakshatra, in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).]]
{{Infobox constellation
| name = धनिष्ठा (Dhanishta)
| native = धनिष्ठा
| translation = Dhaniṣṭhā
| pronounce = Dhanishta
| IPA = d̪ʱɐniʂʈʰɑː
| culture = Indian_nakshatras
| RA = 308.3032203 to 311.6645826
| dec = 10.08619213 to 16.12429395
| areatotal = 9.63
| numbermainstars = 10
| numberbfstars = 9
| numberstarsplanets =
| numberbrightstars = 0
| numbernearbystars =
| brighteststarname = [[Rotanev]]
| starmagnitude = 3.63
| neareststarname =
| stardistance =
| numbermessierobjects =
| meteorshowers =
| bordering = Del
| notes =
| cat = constellation
}}
[[File:22+23 nakshatra stellarium.gif|thumb|The 22nd and 23rd nakshatra mapped to the star chart at Aquila and Delphinus. Dhanishta is the eastern (left) one. ]]
Dhaniṣṭhā (धनिष्ठा ), "most famous", is an Indian name, used by the Indian Vedic tradition. Most of these names are roughly 3000 years old. They pre-date Hinduism but were taken over by it.

==Etymology and History==
'''Name Variants'''

* Dhaniṣṭhā (धनिष्ठा)
* Dhanishta
* Vāsava,
* Vasubha,
* Śraviṣṭhā (श्रविष्ठा "the swiftest")

===Origin of Constellation===
The term "Dhaniṣṭhā" is a group of stars. The coordinates match with Beta Delphini.<ref name=":1" /> However, it can be associated with Gamma Delphini within the errors in the coordinates provided in the catalogue<ref name=":1">Venketeswara R Pai and Shylaja B S, J. Astrophys. Astr. (2021) 42:113,

<nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1007/s12036-021-09736-0Sadhan(a</nowiki> 0123458697().,-volV)FT3](0123456789().,-volV)
</ref>. The listed magnitude is 3. The word Dhaniṣṭhā literally means "most famous" which may refer to the recognizable shape of stars of Delphinus that are identified here. An alternative name Śraviṣṭhā (श्रविष्ठा), is specifically mentioned in the Yajurveda (~1000±200 BCE) for winter solstice. Its position to the north of ecliptic rakes up the question about the observational practice at that time, as the path of the Sun is not observable directly and Delphinus is also far north of the observable path of the Moon (and planets).

Temple engravings of the constellation are only preserved from the past millennium. There, Dhaniṣṭhā is depicted as a group of stars fitted in an almost square enclosure, which contrasts with the a huge jar containing exactly 100 small stars depicted by Jones (1790)<ref name=":0">Jones, W. 1790. 'On the antiquity of the Indian Zodiac', ''Asiatick Researches'', 2: 289-306</ref>. For whatever reason (not specified) here are exactly 100 stars in the jar (neighboring the "100 physicians"-asterism Śatabhiṣa in the sky) and they are only inside the jar. In the reconstruction by Jones (1790)<ref name=":0" />, the depiction of [[Revati]] also is a jar with fewer stars among which two are outside of the jar. There seems to be other variants too as in the Buddhist and Chinese depictions. Parāśara Tantra considered to be older by several centuries than 6th century recognises it as a bird's cage (Śakuni pañjara) with four stars.

The standard identification is the group of the brightest stars in Delphinus: α, β, γ, δ Delphini

====Stars within the Constellation Area====
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
|+
|-
!id
!Label
!IAU design.
!description
!Vmag
|-
|1
|[[Rotanev]]
|HIP 101769
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|3.63
|-
|2
|[[Sualocin]]
|HIP 101958
| Constellation lines (Vertex)
|3.8
|-
|3
|[[Aldulfin]]
|HIP 101421
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|4.03
|-
| 4
|γ 2 Delphini
|HIP 102532
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|4.25
|-
|5
|δ Delphini
|HIP 102281
|Inside the hull
| 4.417
|-
|6
|κ Delphini
|HIP 101916
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|5.07
|-
|7
| ι Delphini
|HIP 101800
|Inside the hull
|5.418
|-
|8
|θ Delphini
|HIP 101882
|Inside the hull
|5.71
|-
|9
|10 Del
|HIP 102080
|Inside the hull
|5.998
|-
| 10
| -
|HIP 101966
| Inside the hull
|6.385
|}
===Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation===
<gallery>
File:Dhanishta nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|Dhanishta nakshatra in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).
File:Nakshatra temple magDraw lbl.jpg|Display of all 28th nakshatras in silver arch with candles in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).
File:Nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|Display of all 28th nakshatras in a door frame in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).
File:Tibet nakshatra 22.png|Dhanishta Tibetean
File:虚宿（仏像図彙）.png|Dhanishta Chinese
File:Traditional indonesian drums.jpg|Dhanishta Indonesian drum
File:23 Dhanishta draw.png|Dhanishta as reconstructed by Jones (1790)<ref name=":0" />.
</gallery>

==Mythology==
The symbol of Dhanishta is a drum (Damaru); it represents the rhythm of the universe, cosmic timing, and the pulse of music or dance.

==Weblinks==

*{{NAMESPACE}}

==References==

*[[References|Referen]][[References|ces]] (general)
[[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]]
[[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:South Asian]] [[Category:Asian]]
[[Category:Indian]] [[Category:Vedic]] [[Category:Sanskrit]]
[[Category:Rubric]] [[Category:Lunar System]] [[Category:Nakshatra]]
[[Category:Del]]

Dhanishta

2026-07-16T05:29:24Z

Shylaja: /* Etymology and History */ spellings coorected

{{DISPLAYTITLE: Dhaniṣṭhā (श्रविष्ठा)}}
<references />
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
[[File:Dhanishta nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|thumb|Dhanishta, the 23rd nakshatra, in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).]]
{{Infobox constellation
| name = धनिष्ठा (Dhanishta)
| native = धनिष्ठा
| translation = Dhaniṣṭhā
| pronounce = Dhanishta
| IPA = d̪ʱɐniʂʈʰɑː
| culture = Indian_nakshatras
| RA = 308.3032203 to 311.6645826
| dec = 10.08619213 to 16.12429395
| areatotal = 9.63
| numbermainstars = 10
| numberbfstars = 9
| numberstarsplanets =
| numberbrightstars = 0
| numbernearbystars =
| brighteststarname = [[Rotanev]]
| starmagnitude = 3.63
| neareststarname =
| stardistance =
| numbermessierobjects =
| meteorshowers =
| bordering = Del
| notes =
| cat = constellation
}}
[[File:22+23 nakshatra stellarium.gif|thumb|The 22nd and 23rd nakshatra mapped to the star chart at Aquila and Delphinus. Dhanishta is the eastern (left) one. ]]
Dhaniṣṭhā (धनिष्ठा ), "most famous", is an Indian name, used by the Indian Vedic tradition. Most of these names are roughly 3000 years old. They pre-date Hinduism but were taken over by it.

==Etymology and History==
'''Name Variants'''

* Dhaniṣṭhā (धनिष्ठा)
* Dhanishta
* Vāsava,
* Vasubha,
* Śraviṣṭhā (श्रविष्ठा "the swiftest")

===Origin of Constellation===
The term "Dhaniṣṭhā" is a group of stars. The coordinates match with Beta Delphini.<ref name=":1" /> However, it can be associated with Gamma Delphini within the errors in the coordinates provided in the catalogue<ref name=":1">Venketeswara R Pai and Shylaja B S, J. Astrophys. Astr. (2021) 42:113,

<nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1007/s12036-021-09736-0Sadhan(a</nowiki> 0123458697().,-volV)FT3](0123456789().,-volV)
</ref>. The listed magnitude is 3. The word Dhaniṣṭhā literally means "most famous" which may refer to the recognizable shape of stars of Delphinus that are identified here. An alternative name Śraviṣṭhā (श्रविष्ठा), is specifically mentioned in the Yajurveda (~1000±200 BCE) for winter solstice. Its position to the north of ecliptic rakes up the question about the observational practice at that time, as the path of the Sun is not observable directly and Delphinus is also far north of the observable path of the Moon (and planets).

Temple engravings of the constellation are only preserved from the past millennium. There, Dhaniṣṭhā is depicted as a group of stars fitted in an almost square enclosure, which contrasts with the a huge jar containing exactly 100 small stars depicted by Jones (1790)<ref name=":0">Jones, W. 1790. 'On the antiquity of the Indian Zodiac', ''Asiatick Researches'', 2: 289-306</ref>. For whatever reason (not specified) here are exactly 100 stars in the jar (neighboring the "100 physicians"-asterism Śatabhiṣa in the sky) and they are only inside the jar. In the reconstruction by Jones (1790)<ref name=":0" />, the depiction of [[Revati]] also is a jar with fewer stars among which two are outside of the jar. There seems to be other variants too as in the Buddhist and Chinese depictions. Parāśara Tantra considered to be older by several centuries than 6th century recognises it as a bird's cage (Śakuni pañjara) with four stars.

The standard identification is the group of the brightest stars in Delphinus: α, β, γ, δ Delphini

====Stars within the Constellation Area====
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
|+
|-
!id
!Label
!IAU design.
!description
!Vmag
|-
|1
|[[Rotanev]]
|HIP 101769
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|3.63
|-
|2
|[[Sualocin]]
|HIP 101958
| Constellation lines (Vertex)
|3.8
|-
|3
|[[Aldulfin]]
|HIP 101421
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|4.03
|-
| 4
|γ 2 Delphini
|HIP 102532
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|4.25
|-
|5
|δ Delphini
|HIP 102281
|Inside the hull
| 4.417
|-
|6
|κ Delphini
|HIP 101916
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|5.07
|-
|7
| ι Delphini
|HIP 101800
|Inside the hull
|5.418
|-
|8
|θ Delphini
|HIP 101882
|Inside the hull
|5.71
|-
|9
|10 Del
|HIP 102080
|Inside the hull
|5.998
|-
| 10
| -
|HIP 101966
| Inside the hull
|6.385
|}
===Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation===
<gallery>
File:Dhanishta nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|Dhanishta nakshatra in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).
File:Nakshatra temple magDraw lbl.jpg|Display of all 28th nakshatras in silver arch with candles in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).
File:Nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|Display of all 28th nakshatras in a door frame in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).
File:Tibet nakshatra 22.png|Dhanishta Tibetean
File:虚宿（仏像図彙）.png|Dhanishta Chinese
File:Traditional indonesian drums.jpg|Dhanishta Indonesian drum
File:23 Dhanishta draw.png|Dhanishta as reconstructed by Jones (1790)<ref name=":0" />.
</gallery>

==Mythology==
The symbol of Dhanishta is a drum (Damaru); it represents the rhythm of the universe, cosmic timing, and the pulse of music or dance.

==Weblinks==

*{{NAMESPACE}}

==References==

*[[References|Referen]][[References|ces]] (general)
[[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]]
[[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:South Asian]] [[Category:Asian]]
[[Category:Indian]] [[Category:Vedic]] [[Category:Sanskrit]]
[[Category:Rubric]] [[Category:Lunar System]] [[Category:Nakshatra]]
[[Category:Del]]

Dhanishta

2026-07-06T10:42:57Z

Shylaja: /* References */

{{DISPLAYTITLE: Dhaniṣṭhā (श्रविष्ठा)}}
<references />
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
[[File:Dhanishta nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|thumb|Dhanishta, the 23rd nakshatra, in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).]]
[[File:22+23 nakshatra stellarium.gif|thumb|The 22nd and 23rd nakshatra mapped to the star chart at Aquila and Delphinus. Dhanishta is the eastern (left) one. ]]
Dhaniṣṭhā (धनिष्ठा ), "most famous", is an Indian name, used by the Indian Vedic tradition. Most of these names are roughly 3000 years old. They pre-date Hinduism but were taken over by it.

==Etymology and History==
'''Name Variants'''

* Dhaniṣṭhā
* Dhanishta
* Vāsava,
* Vasubha,
* Śraviṣṭhā ("the swiftest")

===Origin of Constellation===
The term "Dhaniṣṭhā" is a group of stars. The coordinates match with Beta Delphini. However, it can be associated with Gamma Delphini within the errors in the coordinates provided in the catalogue<ref>Venketeswara R Pai and Shylaja B S, J. Astrophys. Astr. (2021) 42:113,

<nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1007/s12036-021-09736-0Sadhan(a</nowiki> 0123458697().,-volV)FT3](0123456789().,-volV)
</ref>. The listed magnitude is 3. The word Dhaniṣṭhā literally means "most famous" which may refer to the recognizable shape of stars of Delphinus that are identified here. An alternative name Śraviṣṭhā (श्रविष्ठा), is specifically mentioned in the Yajurveda for winter solstice. Its position to the north of ecliptic rakes up the question as to how this was accommodated in to the ecliptic.

Its depiction in the temple engraving as a group of stars fitted in almost square enclosure contrasts with the a huge jar containing exactly 100 small stars depicted by Jones. For whatever reason (not specified) here are exactly 100 stars in the jar (neighboring the "100 physicians"-asterism Śatabhiṣa in the sky) and they are only inside the jar. The depiction of [[Revati]] also is a jar with fewer star among which two are outside of the jar. There seems to be other variants too as in the Buddhist and Chinese depictions. Parāśara Tantra considered to be older by several centuries than 6th century recognises it as a bird's cage (Śakuni pañjara) with four stars.

The standard identification is the group of the brightest stars in Delphinus: α, β, γ, δ Delphini

====Stars within the Constellation Area====
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
|+
|-
!id
!Label
!IAU design.
!description
!Vmag
|-
|1
|Rotanev
|HIP 101769
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|3.63
|-
|2
|Sualocin
|HIP 101958
| Constellation lines (Vertex)
|3.8
|-
|3
|Aldulfin
|HIP 101421
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|4.03
|-
| 4
|γ 2 Delphini
|HIP 102532
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|4.25
|-
|5
|δ Delphini
|HIP 102281
|Inside the hull
| 4.417
|-
|6
|κ Delphini
|HIP 101916
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|5.07
|-
|7
| ι Delphini
|HIP 101800
|Inside the hull
|5.418
|-
|8
|θ Delphini
|HIP 101882
|Inside the hull
|5.71
|-
|9
|10 Del
|HIP 102080
|Inside the hull
|5.998
|-
| 10
| -
|HIP 101966
| Inside the hull
|6.385
|}
===Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation===
<gallery>
File:Dhanishta nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|Dhanishta nakshatra in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).
File:Nakshatra temple magDraw lbl.jpg|Display of all 28th nakshatras in silver arch with candles in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).
File:Nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|Display of all 28th nakshatras in a door frame in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).
File:Tibet nakshatra 22.png|Dhanishta Tibetean
File:虚宿（仏像図彙）.png|Dhanishta Chinese
File:Traditional indonesian drums.jpg|Dhanishta Indonesian drum
File:23 Dhanishta draw.png|Dhanishta as reconstructed by Jones (1720).
</gallery>

==Mythology==
mnemonic tales and cultural significance

==Weblinks==

*{{NAMESPACE}}

==References==

*[[References|Referen]][[References|ces]] (general)
[[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]]
[[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:South Asian]] [[Category:Asian]]
[[Category:Indian]] [[Category:Vedic]] [[Category:Sanskrit]]
[[Category:Rubric]] [[Category:Lunar System]] [[Category:Nakshatra]]
[[Category:Del]]

Dhanishta

2026-07-06T10:42:14Z

Shylaja: inserted reference

{{DISPLAYTITLE: Dhaniṣṭhā (श्रविष्ठा)}}
<references />
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
[[File:Dhanishta nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|thumb|Dhanishta, the 23rd nakshatra, in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).]]
[[File:22+23 nakshatra stellarium.gif|thumb|The 22nd and 23rd nakshatra mapped to the star chart at Aquila and Delphinus. Dhanishta is the eastern (left) one. ]]
Dhaniṣṭhā (धनिष्ठा ), "most famous", is an Indian name, used by the Indian Vedic tradition. Most of these names are roughly 3000 years old. They pre-date Hinduism but were taken over by it.

==Etymology and History==
'''Name Variants'''

* Dhaniṣṭhā
* Dhanishta
* Vāsava,
* Vasubha,
* Śraviṣṭhā ("the swiftest")

===Origin of Constellation===
The term "Dhaniṣṭhā" is a group of stars. The coordinates match with Beta Delphini. However, it can be associated with Gamma Delphini within the errors in the coordinates provided in the catalogue<ref>Venketeswara R Pai and Shylaja B S, J. Astrophys. Astr. (2021) 42:113,

</ref>. The listed magnitude is 3. The word Dhaniṣṭhā literally means "most famous" which may refer to the recognizable shape of stars of Delphinus that are identified here. An alternative name Śraviṣṭhā (श्रविष्ठा), is specifically mentioned in the Yajurveda for winter solstice. Its position to the north of ecliptic rakes up the question as to how this was accommodated in to the ecliptic.

Its depiction in the temple engraving as a group of stars fitted in almost square enclosure contrasts with the a huge jar containing exactly 100 small stars depicted by Jones. For whatever reason (not specified) here are exactly 100 stars in the jar (neighboring the "100 physicians"-asterism Śatabhiṣa in the sky) and they are only inside the jar. The depiction of [[Revati]] also is a jar with fewer star among which two are outside of the jar. There seems to be other variants too as in the Buddhist and Chinese depictions. Parāśara Tantra considered to be older by several centuries than 6th century recognises it as a bird's cage (Śakuni pañjara) with four stars.

The standard identification is the group of the brightest stars in Delphinus: α, β, γ, δ Delphini

====Stars within the Constellation Area====
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
|+
|-
!id
!Label
!IAU design.
!description
!Vmag
|-
|1
|Rotanev
|HIP 101769
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|3.63
|-
|2
|Sualocin
|HIP 101958
| Constellation lines (Vertex)
|3.8
|-
|3
|Aldulfin
|HIP 101421
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|4.03
|-
| 4
|γ 2 Delphini
|HIP 102532
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|4.25
|-
|5
|δ Delphini
|HIP 102281
|Inside the hull
| 4.417
|-
|6
|κ Delphini
|HIP 101916
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|5.07
|-
|7
| ι Delphini
|HIP 101800
|Inside the hull
|5.418
|-
|8
|θ Delphini
|HIP 101882
|Inside the hull
|5.71
|-
|9
|10 Del
|HIP 102080
|Inside the hull
|5.998
|-
| 10
| -
|HIP 101966
| Inside the hull
|6.385
|}
===Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation===
<gallery>
File:Dhanishta nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|Dhanishta nakshatra in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).
File:Nakshatra temple magDraw lbl.jpg|Display of all 28th nakshatras in silver arch with candles in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).
File:Nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|Display of all 28th nakshatras in a door frame in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).
File:Tibet nakshatra 22.png|Dhanishta Tibetean
File:虚宿（仏像図彙）.png|Dhanishta Chinese
File:Traditional indonesian drums.jpg|Dhanishta Indonesian drum
File:23 Dhanishta draw.png|Dhanishta as reconstructed by Jones (1720).
</gallery>

==Mythology==
mnemonic tales and cultural significance

==Weblinks==

*{{NAMESPACE}}

==References==

*[[References|Referen]][[References|ces]] (general)
[[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]]
[[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:South Asian]] [[Category:Asian]]
[[Category:Indian]] [[Category:Vedic]] [[Category:Sanskrit]]
[[Category:Rubric]] [[Category:Lunar System]] [[Category:Nakshatra]]
[[Category:Del]]

Dhanishta

2026-07-06T10:36:45Z

Shylaja: /* References */

{{DISPLAYTITLE: Dhaniṣṭhā (श्रविष्ठा)}}
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
[[File:Dhanishta nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|thumb|Dhanishta, the 23rd nakshatra, in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).]]
[[File:22+23 nakshatra stellarium.gif|thumb|The 22nd and 23rd nakshatra mapped to the star chart at Aquila and Delphinus. Dhanishta is the eastern (left) one. ]]
Dhaniṣṭhā (धनिष्ठा ), "most famous", is an Indian name, used by the Indian Vedic tradition. Most of these names are roughly 3000 years old. They pre-date Hinduism but were taken over by it.

==Etymology and History==
'''Name Variants'''

* Dhaniṣṭhā
* Dhanishta
* Vāsava,
* Vasubha,
* Śraviṣṭhā ("the swiftest")

===Origin of Constellation===
The term "Dhaniṣṭhā" is a group of stars. The coordinates match with Beta Delphini. However, it can be associated with Gamma Delphini within the errors in the coordinates provided in the catalogue. The listed magnitude is 3. The word Dhaniṣṭhā literally means "most famous" which may refer to the recognizable shape of stars of Delphinus that are identified here. An alternative name Śraviṣṭhā (श्रविष्ठा), is specifically mentioned in the Yajurveda for winter solstice. Its position to the north of ecliptic rakes up the question as to how this was accommodated in to the ecliptic.

Its depiction in the temple engraving as a group of stars fitted in almost square enclosure contrasts with the a huge jar containing exactly 100 small stars depicted by Jones. For whatever reason (not specified) here are exactly 100 stars in the jar (neighboring the "100 physicians"-asterism Śatabhiṣa in the sky) and they are only inside the jar. The depiction of [[Revati]] also is a jar with fewer star among which two are outside of the jar. There seems to be other variants too as in the Buddhist and Chinese depictions. Parāśara Tantra considered to be older by several centuries than 6th century recognises it as a bird's cage (Śakuni pañjara) with four stars.

The standard identification is the group of the brightest stars in Delphinus: α, β, γ, δ Delphini

====Stars within the Constellation Area====
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
|+
|-
!id
!Label
!IAU design.
!description
!Vmag
|-
|1
|Rotanev
|HIP 101769
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|3.63
|-
|2
|Sualocin
|HIP 101958
| Constellation lines (Vertex)
|3.8
|-
|3
|Aldulfin
|HIP 101421
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|4.03
|-
| 4
|γ 2 Delphini
|HIP 102532
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|4.25
|-
|5
|δ Delphini
|HIP 102281
|Inside the hull
| 4.417
|-
|6
|κ Delphini
|HIP 101916
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|5.07
|-
|7
| ι Delphini
|HIP 101800
|Inside the hull
|5.418
|-
|8
|θ Delphini
|HIP 101882
|Inside the hull
|5.71
|-
|9
|10 Del
|HIP 102080
|Inside the hull
|5.998
|-
| 10
| -
|HIP 101966
| Inside the hull
|6.385
|}
===Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation===
<gallery>
File:Dhanishta nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|Dhanishta nakshatra in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).
File:Nakshatra temple magDraw lbl.jpg|Display of all 28th nakshatras in silver arch with candles in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).
File:Nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|Display of all 28th nakshatras in a door frame in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).
File:Tibet nakshatra 22.png|Dhanishta Tibetean
File:虚宿（仏像図彙）.png|Dhanishta Chinese
File:Traditional indonesian drums.jpg|Dhanishta Indonesian drum
File:23 Dhanishta draw.png|Dhanishta as reconstructed by Jones (1720).
</gallery>

==Mythology==
mnemonic tales and cultural significance

==Weblinks==

*{{NAMESPACE}}

==References==

*[[References|Referen]][[References|ces]] (general)
[[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]]
[[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:South Asian]] [[Category:Asian]]
[[Category:Indian]] [[Category:Vedic]] [[Category:Sanskrit]]
[[Category:Rubric]] [[Category:Lunar System]] [[Category:Nakshatra]]
[[Category:Del]]

Dhanishta

2026-07-06T10:35:30Z

Shylaja: spelling corrections

{{DISPLAYTITLE: Dhaniṣṭhā (श्रविष्ठा)}}
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
[[File:Dhanishta nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|thumb|Dhanishta, the 23rd nakshatra, in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).]]
[[File:22+23 nakshatra stellarium.gif|thumb|The 22nd and 23rd nakshatra mapped to the star chart at Aquila and Delphinus. Dhanishta is the eastern (left) one. ]]
Dhaniṣṭhā (धनिष्ठा ), "most famous", is an Indian name, used by the Indian Vedic tradition. Most of these names are roughly 3000 years old. They pre-date Hinduism but were taken over by it.

==Etymology and History==
'''Name Variants'''

* Dhaniṣṭhā
* Dhanishta
* Vāsava,
* Vasubha,
* Śraviṣṭhā ("the swiftest")

===Origin of Constellation===
The term "Dhaniṣṭhā" is a group of stars. The coordinates match with Beta Delphini. However, it can be associated with Gamma Delphini within the errors in the coordinates provided in the catalogue. The listed magnitude is 3. The word Dhaniṣṭhā literally means "most famous" which may refer to the recognizable shape of stars of Delphinus that are identified here. An alternative name Śraviṣṭhā (श्रविष्ठा), is specifically mentioned in the Yajurveda for winter solstice. Its position to the north of ecliptic rakes up the question as to how this was accommodated in to the ecliptic.

Its depiction in the temple engraving as a group of stars fitted in almost square enclosure contrasts with the a huge jar containing exactly 100 small stars depicted by Jones. For whatever reason (not specified) here are exactly 100 stars in the jar (neighboring the "100 physicians"-asterism Śatabhiṣa in the sky) and they are only inside the jar. The depiction of [[Revati]] also is a jar with fewer star among which two are outside of the jar. There seems to be other variants too as in the Buddhist and Chinese depictions. Parāśara Tantra considered to be older by several centuries than 6th century recognises it as a bird's cage (Śakuni pañjara) with four stars.

The standard identification is the group of the brightest stars in Delphinus: α, β, γ, δ Delphini

====Stars within the Constellation Area====
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
|+
|-
!id
!Label
!IAU design.
!description
!Vmag
|-
|1
|Rotanev
|HIP 101769
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|3.63
|-
|2
|Sualocin
|HIP 101958
| Constellation lines (Vertex)
|3.8
|-
|3
|Aldulfin
|HIP 101421
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|4.03
|-
| 4
|γ 2 Delphini
|HIP 102532
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|4.25
|-
|5
|δ Delphini
|HIP 102281
|Inside the hull
| 4.417
|-
|6
|κ Delphini
|HIP 101916
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|5.07
|-
|7
| ι Delphini
|HIP 101800
|Inside the hull
|5.418
|-
|8
|θ Delphini
|HIP 101882
|Inside the hull
|5.71
|-
|9
|10 Del
|HIP 102080
|Inside the hull
|5.998
|-
| 10
| -
|HIP 101966
| Inside the hull
|6.385
|}
===Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation===
<gallery>
File:Dhanishta nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|Dhanishta nakshatra in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).
File:Nakshatra temple magDraw lbl.jpg|Display of all 28th nakshatras in silver arch with candles in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).
File:Nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|Display of all 28th nakshatras in a door frame in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).
File:Tibet nakshatra 22.png|Dhanishta Tibetean
File:虚宿（仏像図彙）.png|Dhanishta Chinese
File:Traditional indonesian drums.jpg|Dhanishta Indonesian drum
File:23 Dhanishta draw.png|Dhanishta as reconstructed by Jones (1720).
</gallery>

==Mythology==
mnemonic tales and cultural significance

==Weblinks==

*{{NAMESPACE}}

==References==

*[[References|Referen]]
<references />
[[References|ces]] (general)

[[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]]
[[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:South Asian]] [[Category:Asian]]
[[Category:Indian]] [[Category:Vedic]] [[Category:Sanskrit]]
[[Category:Rubric]] [[Category:Lunar System]] [[Category:Nakshatra]]
[[Category:Del]]

Dhanishta

2026-07-06T10:32:50Z

Shylaja: names with diacritical marks

{{DISPLAYTITLE: Dhaniṣṭhā (श्रविष्ठा)}}
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
[[File:Dhanishta nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|thumb|Dhanishta, the 23rd nakshatra, in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).]]
[[File:22+23 nakshatra stellarium.gif|thumb|The 22nd and 23rd nakshatra mapped to the star chart at Aquila and Delphinus. Dhanishta is the eastern (left) one. ]]
Dhaniṣṭhā (धनिष्ठा ), "most famous", is an Indian name, used by the Indian Vedic tradition. Most of these names are roughly 3000 years old. They pre-date Hinduism but were taken over by it.

==Etymology and History==
'''Name Variants'''

* Dhaniṣṭhā
* Dhanishta
* Vāsava,
* Vasubha,
* Śraviṣṭhā ("the swiftest")

===Origin of Constellation===
The term "Dhaniṣṭhā" is a group of stars. The coordinates match with Beta Delphini. However, it can be associated with Gamma Delphini within the errors in the coordinates provided in the catalogue. The listed magnitude is 3. The word Dhaniṣṭhā literally means "most famous" which may refer to the recognizable shape of stars of Delphinus that are identified here. An alternative name Śraviṣṭhā (श्रविष्ठा), is specifically mentioned in the Yajurveda for winter solstice. Its position to the north of ecliptic rakes up the question as to how this was accommodated in to the ecliptic.

Its depiction in the temple engraving as a group of stars fitted in almost square enclosure contrasts with the a huge jar containing exactly 100 small stars depicted by Jones. For whatever reason (not specified) here are exactly 100 stars in the jar (neighboring the "100 physicians"-asterism [[Satabhisa|Śatabhisa]] in the sky) and they are only inside the jar. The depiction of [[Revati]] also is a jar with fewer star among which two are outside of the jar. There seems to be other variants too as in the Buddhist and Chinese depictions. Parāśara Tantra considered to be older by several centuries than 6th century recognises it as a bird's cage (Śakuni pañjara) with four stars.

The standard identification is the group of the brightest stars in Delphinus: α, β, γ, δ Delphini

====Stars within the Constellation Area====
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
|+
|-
!id
!Label
!IAU design.
!description
!Vmag
|-
|1
|Rotanev
|HIP 101769
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|3.63
|-
|2
|Sualocin
|HIP 101958
| Constellation lines (Vertex)
|3.8
|-
|3
|Aldulfin
|HIP 101421
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|4.03
|-
| 4
|γ 2 Delphini
|HIP 102532
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|4.25
|-
|5
|δ Delphini
|HIP 102281
|Inside the hull
| 4.417
|-
|6
|κ Delphini
|HIP 101916
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|5.07
|-
|7
| ι Delphini
|HIP 101800
|Inside the hull
|5.418
|-
|8
|θ Delphini
|HIP 101882
|Inside the hull
|5.71
|-
|9
|10 Del
|HIP 102080
|Inside the hull
|5.998
|-
| 10
| -
|HIP 101966
| Inside the hull
|6.385
|}
===Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation===
<gallery>
File:Dhanishta nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|Dhanishta nakshatra in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).
File:Nakshatra temple magDraw lbl.jpg|Display of all 28th nakshatras in silver arch with candles in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).
File:Nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|Display of all 28th nakshatras in a door frame in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).
File:Tibet nakshatra 22.png|Dhanishta Tibetean
File:虚宿（仏像図彙）.png|Dhanishta Chinese
File:Traditional indonesian drums.jpg|Dhanishta Indonesian drum
File:23 Dhanishta draw.png|Dhanishta as reconstructed by Jones (1720).
</gallery>

==Mythology==
mnemonic tales and cultural significance

==Weblinks==

*{{NAMESPACE}}

==References==

*[[References|Referen]]
<references />
[[References|ces]] (general)

[[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]]
[[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:South Asian]] [[Category:Asian]]
[[Category:Indian]] [[Category:Vedic]] [[Category:Sanskrit]]
[[Category:Rubric]] [[Category:Lunar System]] [[Category:Nakshatra]]
[[Category:Del]]

Dhanishta

2026-07-06T08:05:32Z

Shylaja: /* Origin of Constellation */ added several more

{{DISPLAYTITLE: Dhaniṣṭhā (श्रविष्ठा)}}
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
[[File:Dhanishta nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|thumb|Dhanishta, the 23rd nakshatra, in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).]]
[[File:22+23 nakshatra stellarium.gif|thumb|The 22nd and 23rd nakshatra mapped to the star chart at Aquila and Delphinus. Dhanishta is the eastern (left) one. ]]
Dhaniṣṭhā (धनिष्ठा ), "most famous", is an Indian name, used by the Indian Vedic tradition. Most of these names are roughly 3000 years old. They pre-date Hinduism but were taken over by it.

==Etymology and History==
'''Name Variants'''

* Dhaniṣṭhā
* Dhanishta
* Vāsava,
* Vasubha,
* Śraviṣṭhā ("the swiftest")

===Origin of Constellation===
The term "Dhaniṣṭhā" is a group of stars. The coordinates match with Beta Delphini. However, it can be associated with Gamma Delphini within the errors of the catalogue. The magnitude is 3. The word literally means "most famous" which may refer to the recognizable shape of stars of Delphinus that are identified here. An alternative name Shraviṣṭhā (श्रविष्ठा), is specifically mentioned in the Yajurveda for winter solstice. Its position to the north of ecliptic rakes up the question as to how this was accommodated in to the ecliptic.

Its depiction in temple engraving as a group of stars fitted in almost square enclosure contrasts with the a huge jar containing exactly 100 small stars depicted by Jones. For whatever reason (not specified) here are exactly 100 stars in the jar (neighboring the "100 physicians"-asterism [[Satabhisa|Shatabhisa]] in the sky) and they are only inside the jar. The depiction of [[Revati]] also is a jar with fewer star among which two are outside of the jar. There seems to be other variants too as in the Buddhist and Chinese depictions. Parāśara Tantra considered to be older by several centuries than 6th century recognises it as a bird's cage (Śakuni pañjara) with four stars.

The standard identification is the group of the brightest stars in Delphinus: α, β, γ, δ Delphini

====Stars within the Constellation Area====
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
|+
|-
!id
!Label
!IAU design.
!description
!Vmag
|-
|1
|Rotanev
|HIP 101769
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|3.63
|-
|2
|Sualocin
|HIP 101958
| Constellation lines (Vertex)
|3.8
|-
|3
|Aldulfin
|HIP 101421
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|4.03
|-
| 4
|γ 2 Delphini
|HIP 102532
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|4.25
|-
|5
|δ Delphini
|HIP 102281
|Inside the hull
| 4.417
|-
|6
|κ Delphini
|HIP 101916
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|5.07
|-
|7
| ι Delphini
|HIP 101800
|Inside the hull
|5.418
|-
|8
|θ Delphini
|HIP 101882
|Inside the hull
|5.71
|-
|9
|10 Del
|HIP 102080
|Inside the hull
|5.998
|-
| 10
| -
|HIP 101966
| Inside the hull
|6.385
|}
===Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation===
<gallery>
File:Dhanishta nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|Dhanishta nakshatra in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).
File:Nakshatra temple magDraw lbl.jpg|Display of all 28th nakshatras in silver arch with candles in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).
File:Nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|Display of all 28th nakshatras in a door frame in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).
File:Tibet nakshatra 22.png|Dhanishta Tibetean
File:虚宿（仏像図彙）.png|Dhanishta Chinese
File:Traditional indonesian drums.jpg|Dhanishta Indonesian drum
File:23 Dhanishta draw.png|Dhanishta as reconstructed by Jones (1720).
</gallery>

==Mythology==
mnemonic tales and cultural significance

==Weblinks==

*{{NAMESPACE}}

==References==

*[[References]] (general)

[[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]]
[[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:South Asian]] [[Category:Asian]]
[[Category:Indian]] [[Category:Vedic]] [[Category:Sanskrit]]
[[Category:Rubric]] [[Category:Lunar System]] [[Category:Nakshatra]]
[[Category:Del]]

Bhujanga

2026-05-22T15:20:50Z

Shylaja: inserted references

{{DISPLAYTITLE:}}
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
[[File:Nauka.jpg|thumb|Bhujaga on the celestial globe H001 in Jaipur, India]]
Bhujanga (भुजङ्ग), Serpent, is an Indian star name, found in the catalogue of stars (Ref)<ref>Venketeswara R Pai and Shylaja, B S, Observational records of stars in Indian texts – III (Gemini) R.

<nowiki>https://www.currentscience.ac.in/Volumes/117/08/1383.pdf</nowiki></ref>. Since this is a southern star, it is not often cited by other classical texts from North India.

==Concordance, Etymology, History==
The word means a serpent. Sometimes it is also written as Bhujaga. It is usually referred to a large-sized king cobra variety.
=== Origin of Constellation ===
The star name is engraved as Bhujaga on the celestial globe H001 in Jaipur, India, as detailed in the online catalogue of Indian astronomical instruments. The constellation is named Nauka (ship) which is a translation of the Greek [[Argo]] (Navis in Latin, "nautikos" from "naos" meaning "ship" in Greek); it is written as ''naukamuthih'' (image of the ship) on the Indian globe<ref>S. R. Sarma, ‘A Descriptive Catalogue of Indian Astronomical Instruments’, (2023) online <nowiki>https://srsarma.in/catalogue.php</nowiki></ref> (Sarma, 2022).

The coordinates of the star are written as<blockquote>व्यंगांशाद्बिः ५|५० द्विमितिः भुजङ्गो |<ref>Venketeswara R Pai and Shylaja B S, 2021, From Nadyantaka to Pourṣṇa- compilation of stars catalogued in Sarvasiddhāntarāja, J. Astrophys. Astr. 42:113

</ref>

याम्यः सपादाब्धिरसैः ६४ |१५ विभागैः ||

''vyaṃgāṃśādbiḥ 5|50 dvimitiḥ bhujaṅgo |''

''yāmyaḥ sapādābdhirasaiḥ 64 |15 vibhāgaiḥ ||''</blockquote>which translates as <blockquote>1/6th of a degree subtracted from six degrees [5|50] becomes one of the coordinates and the other coordinate of the star Bhujanga, which is along the south with second order brightness, is sixty four degrees along with quarter of a degree [64|15 S] </blockquote>This agrees with Gamma Velorum (γ Vel).

=== Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation ===

== Religion/ Tales/ Mythology ==
Bhujanga is a name found in many epics and puranas. However, which particular one is used in naming this star is not very clear.

== IAU WGSN Star Name Discussion ==

== Weblinks ==

* {{NAMESPACE}}

== References ==

* [[References]] (general)

[[Category:Indian]] [[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]]
[[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:Asian]][[Category:South Asian]]
<references />

Bhujanga

2026-05-22T15:06:05Z

Shylaja: inserted references

{{DISPLAYTITLE:}}
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
[[File:Nauka.jpg|thumb|Bhujaga on the celestial globe H001 in Jaipur, India]]
Bhujanga (भुजङ्ग), Serpent, is an Indian star name, found in the catalogue of stars (Ref)<ref>Venketeswara R Pai and Shylaja, B S, Observational records of stars in Indian texts – III (Gemini) R.

<nowiki>https://www.currentscience.ac.in/Volumes/117/08/1383.pdf</nowiki></ref>. Since this is a southern star, it is not often cited by other classical texts from North India.

==Concordance, Etymology, History==
The word means a serpent. Sometimes it is also written as Bhujaga. It is usually referred to a large-sized king cobra variety.
=== Origin of Constellation ===
The star name is engraved as Bhujaga on the celestial globe H001 in Jaipur, India, as detailed in the online catalogue of Indian astronomical instruments. (Venketeshwara R Pai and Shylaja B S, 2019). The constellation is named Nauka (ship) which is a translation of the Greek [[Argo]] (Navis in Latin, "nautikos" from "naos" meaning "ship" in Greek); it is written as ''naukamuthih'' (image of the ship) on the Indian globe (Sarma, 2022).

The coordinates of the star are written as<blockquote>व्यंगांशाद्बिः ५|५० द्विमितिः भुजङ्गो |

याम्यः सपादाब्धिरसैः ६४ |१५ विभागैः ||

''vyaṃgāṃśādbiḥ 5|50 dvimitiḥ bhujaṅgo |''

''yāmyaḥ sapādābdhirasaiḥ 64 |15 vibhāgaiḥ ||''</blockquote>which translates as <blockquote>1/6th of a degree subtracted from six degrees [5|50] becomes one of the coordinates and the other coordinate of the star Bhujanga, which is along the south with second order brightness, is sixty four degrees along with quarter of a degree [64|15 S] </blockquote>This agrees with Gamma Velorum (γ Vel).

=== Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation ===

== Religion/ Tales/ Mythology ==
Bhujanga is a name found in many epics and puranas. However, which particular one is used in naming this star is not very clear.

== IAU WGSN Star Name Discussion ==

== Weblinks ==

* {{NAMESPACE}}

== References ==

* [[References]] (general)

[[Category:Indian]] [[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]]
[[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:Asian]][[Category:South Asian]]
<references />
{| class="wikitable"
|Shylaja & Pai (2019)
|Shylaja & Pai (2019). Āpa and Apāṃvatsa – enigmatic stars catalogued in Sūryasiddhānta, J. Astrophys. Astr 40:48 <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1007/s12036-019-9614-1</nowiki>
|-
|Sarma, S R, 2022
|Catalogue of Indian Astronomical Instruments (online)
|-
|
|<nowiki>https://srsarma.in/catalogue.php</nowiki>
|}

Bhujanga

2026-05-22T14:52:07Z

Shylaja: added transliterations

{{DISPLAYTITLE:}}
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
[[File:Nauka.jpg|thumb|Bhujaga on the celestial globe H001 in Jaipur, India]]
Bhujanga (भुजङ्ग), Serpent, is an Indian star name, found in the catalogue of stars (Ref)<ref>Venketeswara R Pai and Shylaja, B S, Observational records of stars in Indian texts – III (Gemini) R.

<nowiki>https://www.currentscience.ac.in/Volumes/117/08/1383.pdf</nowiki></ref>. Since this is a southern star, it is not often cited by other classical texts from North India.

==Concordance, Etymology, History==
The word means a serpent. Sometimes it is also written as Bhujaga. It is usually referred to a large-sized king cobra variety.
=== Origin of Constellation ===
The star name is engraved as Bhujaga on the celestial globe H001 in Jaipur, India, as detailed in the online catalogue of Indian astronomical instruments. (Ref). The constellation is named Nauka (ship) which is a translation of the Greek [[Argo]] (Navis in Latin, "nautikos" from "naos" meaning "ship" in Greek); it is written as ''naukamuthih'' (image of the ship) on the Indian globe.

The coordinates of the star are written as<blockquote>व्यंगांशाद्बिः ५|५० द्विमितिः भुजङ्गो |

याम्यः सपादाब्धिरसैः ६४ |१५ विभागैः ||

''vyaṃgāṃśādbiḥ 5|50 dvimitiḥ bhujaṅgo |''

''yāmyaḥ sapādābdhirasaiḥ 64 |15 vibhāgaiḥ ||''</blockquote>which translates as <blockquote>1/6th of a degree subtracted from six degrees [5|50] becomes one of the coordinates and the other coordinate of the star Bhujanga, which is along the south with second order brightness, is sixty four degrees along with quarter of a degree [64|15 S] </blockquote>This agrees with Gamma Velorum (γ Vel).

=== Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation ===

== Religion/ Tales/ Mythology ==
Bhujanga is a name found in many epics and puranas. However, which particular one is used in naming this star is not very clear.

== IAU WGSN Star Name Discussion ==

== Weblinks ==

* {{NAMESPACE}}

== References ==

* [[References]] (general)

[[Category:Indian]] [[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]]
[[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:Asian]][[Category:South Asian]]

Bhujanga

2026-05-22T11:02:15Z

Shylaja: inserted an image

{{DISPLAYTITLE:}}
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
.Bhujanga is an Indian name, found in the catalogue of stars (Ref). Since this is a southern star it is not often cited by other classical texts from North India. The coordinates are written as

व्यंगांशाद्बिः ५|५० द्विमितिः भुजङ्गो |
[[File:Nauka.jpg|thumb]]
याम्यः सपादाब्धिरसैः ६४ |१५ विभागैः ||

which translates as

1/6th of a degree subtracted from six degrees [5|50] becomes one of the coordinates and the other coordinate of the star Bhujanga, which is along the south with second order brightness, is sixty four degrees along with quarter of a degree [64|15 S]

This agrees with Gamma Velorum.

It is engraved as Bhujaga on the celestial globe H001 in Jaipur, India, as detailed in the online catalogue of Indian astronomical instruments. (Ref). The constellation is named Nauka (ship); it is written as naukamuthih (image of the ship)

==Concordance, Etymology, History==
The word means a serpent. Sometimes it is written as Bhujaga also. It is usually referred to a large sized king cobra variety.
=== Origin of Constellation ===

=== Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation ===

== Religion/ Tales/ Mythology ==
Bhujanga is a name found in many epics and puranas. However, which particular one is used in naming this star is not very clear.

== Weblinks ==

* {{NAMESPACE}}

== References ==

* [[References]] (general)

[[Category:Indian]] [[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]]
[[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:Asian]][[Category:South Asian]]

File:Nauka.jpg

2026-05-22T11:00:48Z

Shylaja:

The celestial globe from the online catalogue shows the image of the ship

Bhujanga

2026-05-22T10:33:17Z

Shylaja: inserted all the details

{{DISPLAYTITLE:}}
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
.Bhujanga is an Indian name, found in the catalogue of stars (Ref). Since this is a southern star it is not often cited by other classical texts from North India. The coordinates are written as

which translates as

1/6th of a degree subtracted from six degrees [5|50] becomes one of the coordinates and the other coordinate of the star Bhujanga, which is along the south with second order brightness, is sixty four degrees along with quarter of a degree [64|15 S]

This agrees with Gamma Velorum.

It is engraved as Bhujaga on the celestial globe H001 in Jaipur, India, as detailed in the online catalogue of Indian astronomical instruments. (Ref). The constellation is named Nauka (ship)

==Concordance, Etymology, History==
The word means a serpent. Sometimes it is written as Bhujaga also. It is usually referred to a large sized king cobra variety.
=== Origin of Constellation ===

=== Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation ===

== Religion/ Tales/ Mythology ==
Bhujanga is a name found in many epics and puranas. However, which particular one is used in naming this star is not very clear.

== Weblinks ==

* {{NAMESPACE}}

== References ==

* [[References]] (general)

[[Category:Indian]] [[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]]
[[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:Asian]][[Category:South Asian]]

Krittika

2026-05-21T14:25:46Z

Shylaja: grammatical points

{{DISPLAYTITLE:Kṛttika (कृत्तिका)}}
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
[[File:Pleiades (50746502292).png|thumb|Pleiades (CC BY Kevin Gill from Los Angeles, CA, United States)]]
[[File:Krittika nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|thumb|Krittika, 3rd nakshatra, in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).]]
[[File:3+4 Krittika+Rohini stellarium.gif|thumb|Krttika and Rohini mapped to the stars, animated GIF, WGSN 2025.]]
Kṛttika (Krittika) is an Indian name, used by the Indian Vedic tradition. Most of these names are roughly 3000 years old. They pre-date Hinduism but were taken over by it.

==Etymology and History==
=== Name Variants ===

* Agni,
* Agnidaiva
* Hutabhuk

=== Origin of Constellation ===
Krttika is depicted as a group of six stars that form a cloudy asterism. The star lore associates the cluster of six stars with a group of seven damsels. They are personified as the nurses of Kārttikeya, a son of Shiva.

====Stars within the Constellation Area====
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
|+
|-
!id
!Label
!IAU design.
!description
!Vmag
|-
|1
|Alcyone
|HIP 17702
|Inside the hull
|2.87
|-
|2
|Atlas
|HIP 17847
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|3.63
|-
|3
|Electra
|HIP 17499
| Constellation lines (Vertex)
|3.7
|-
|4
|Maia
|HIP 17573
|Inside the hull
|3.87
|-
|5
|Merope
|HIP 17608
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
| 4.18
|-
| 6
|Pleione
|HIP 17851
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|5.09
|-
| 7
|Celaeno
|HIP 17489
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|5.46
|-
|8
|Asterope
|HIP 17579
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|5.76
|-
|9
|* 24 Tau
|HD 23629
| Inside the hull
|6.28
|-
|10
|Sterope II
|HIP 17588
|Inside the hull
|6.421
|}
=== Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation ===

<gallery>
File:Krittika nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|Krittika 10th century CE
File:Nakshatra temple magDraw lbl.jpg|Display of all 28th nakshatras in silver arch with candles in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).
File:Nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|Display of all 28th nakshatras in a door frame in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).
File:Tibet nakshatra 01.png|Krittika - Tibetean
File:昴宿（仏像図彙）.png|Krittika - Chinese
File:3 Krttika draw.png|Krittika as reonstructed by Jones (1720)
</gallery>

== Religion/ Mythology ==
In Indian star lore, Kṛttika are the six sisters who are the nurses of the God Subramanya, son of Lord Siva, and commander of the Gods. He fought against a demon. According to Taittiriya Samhita, 4. 4. 5, the names of the stars are

अम्बा दुला नितनिरभ्रयन्ती मेघयन्ती वर्षयन्ती चुपुणीका

Ambā, Dulā, Nitatni, Abhrayanti, Meghayanti, Varşayanti and Cupuņikā.

== Weblinks ==

* {{NAMESPACE}}

== References ==

* [[References]] (general)

[[Category:Indian]] [[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]][[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:South Asian]]
[[Category:Zodiac]]

Krittika

2026-05-21T14:17:27Z

Shylaja: introduced the names of the stars

{{DISPLAYTITLE:Kṛttika (कृत्तिका)}}
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
[[File:Pleiades (50746502292).png|thumb|Pleiades (CC BY Kevin Gill from Los Angeles, CA, United States)]]
[[File:Krittika nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|thumb|Krittika, 3rd nakshatra, in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).]]
[[File:3+4 Krittika+Rohini stellarium.gif|thumb|Krttika and Rohini mapped to the stars, animated GIF, WGSN 2025.]]
Kṛttika (Krittika) is an Indian name, used by the Indian Vedic tradition. Most of these names are roughly 3000 years old. They pre-date Hinduism but were taken over by it.

==Etymology and History==
=== Name Variants ===

* Agni,
* Agnidaiva
* Hutabhuk

=== Origin of Constellation ===
Krttika is depicted as a group of six stars that form a cloudy asterism. The star lore associates the cluster of six stars with a group of seven damsels. They are personified as the nurses of Kārttikeya, a son of Shiva.

====Stars within the Constellation Area====
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
|+
|-
!id
!Label
!IAU design.
!description
!Vmag
|-
|1
|Alcyone
|HIP 17702
|Inside the hull
|2.87
|-
|2
|Atlas
|HIP 17847
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|3.63
|-
|3
|Electra
|HIP 17499
| Constellation lines (Vertex)
|3.7
|-
|4
|Maia
|HIP 17573
|Inside the hull
|3.87
|-
|5
|Merope
|HIP 17608
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
| 4.18
|-
| 6
|Pleione
|HIP 17851
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|5.09
|-
| 7
|Celaeno
|HIP 17489
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|5.46
|-
|8
|Asterope
|HIP 17579
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|5.76
|-
|9
|* 24 Tau
|HD 23629
| Inside the hull
|6.28
|-
|10
|Sterope II
|HIP 17588
|Inside the hull
|6.421
|}
=== Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation ===

<gallery>
File:Krittika nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|Krittika 10th century CE
File:Nakshatra temple magDraw lbl.jpg|Display of all 28th nakshatras in silver arch with candles in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).
File:Nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|Display of all 28th nakshatras in a door frame in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).
File:Tibet nakshatra 01.png|Krittika - Tibetean
File:昴宿（仏像図彙）.png|Krittika - Chinese
File:3 Krttika draw.png|Krittika as reonstructed by Jones (1720)
</gallery>

== Religion/ Mythology ==
In Indian star lore, Kṛttika are the six sisters who are the nurses of the god Subramanya, a god of war and commander of the gods against the demons who was begotten by a god without a woman. According to Taittiriya Samhita, 4. 4. 5, the names of the stars are

अम्बा दुला नितनिरभ्रयन्ती मेघयन्ती वर्षयन्ती चुपुणीका

Ambā, Dulā, Nitatni, Abhrayanti, Meghayanti, Varşayanti and Cupuņikā.

== Weblinks ==

* {{NAMESPACE}}

== References ==

* [[References]] (general)

[[Category:Indian]] [[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]][[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:South Asian]]
[[Category:Zodiac]]

Rohini

2026-05-09T04:45:38Z

Shylaja: /* Mythology */

{{DISPLAYTITLE:Rohiṇī (रोहिणी)}}
{{distinguish|Shakata}}
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
[[File:Rohini nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|thumb|Rohini, 4th nakshatra, Athmanathaswamy temple (10th century CE) ]]
[[File:3+4 Krittika+Rohini stellarium.gif|thumb|Krttika and Rohini mapped to the stars, animated GIF, WGSN 2025.]]

Rohiṇī (रोहिणी), The Red One, is one of the nakshatras in the Vedic tradition. The asterism is represented by the star cluster of the Hyades with Aldebaran as the brightest star (physically not connected but seen in the same direction). "Rohini" literally means "red", which clearly refers to [[Aldebaran]] only. Thus, over time, it obviously became a name for the brightest star of the group, used by the Indian Vedic tradition.

==Etymology and History==
[[File:ChandraRohini.jpg|thumb|Surendrapuri Temple's Navagraha Temples, Chandra with Rohini]]'''Name Variants'''

* Brahmya,
* Brahmabha,
* Brāhmī

=== Origin of Constellation ===
Rohiṇī (रोहिणी) is a prominent goddess in Hinduism, recognized as the favorite consort of Chandra (the moon god) and the daughter of Daksha and Asikni.

The asterism is depicted roughly V-shaped in historical drawings in India and China, obviously matching the star pattern in the sky created by the Hyades star cluster, sometimes (in China) even connected to the star λ Tauri (which forms part of the Chinese lunar mansion asterism [[Bixiu|Bi]], The Net, in this area). The V-shaped geometry forms a chariot ([[Shakata]]) for the goddess Rohini.

====Stars within the Constellation Area====
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
|+
|-
!id
!Label
!IAU design.
!description
!Vmag
|-
|1
|Aldebaran
|HIP 21421
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|0.86
|-
|2
|Chamukuy
|HIP 20894
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|3.41
|-
|3
|Ain
| HIP 20889
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|3.53
|-
|4
|Prima Hyadum
|HIP 20205
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
| 3.65
|-
|5
|Secunda Hyadum
| HIP 20455
|Constellation lines (Vertex)
|3.76
|-
|6
|θ 1 Tauri
|HIP 20885
|Inside the hull
|3.84
|-
|7
|δ 3 Tauri
|HIP 20648
|Inside the hull
|4.298
|-
|8
| -
|HIP 21029
|Inside the hull
|4.764
|-
|9
|δ 2 Tauri
|HIP 20542
|Inside the hull
|4.8
|-
|10
|75 Tau
|HIP 20877
| Inside the hull
|4.969
|-
|11
|63 Tau
| HIP 20484
|Inside the hull
|5.625
|-
|12
|70 Tau
|HIP 20661
|Inside the hull
|6.439
|-
| 13
| -
|HIP 21053
|Inside the hull
|6.491
|}
=== Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation ===
<gallery>
File:Rohini nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|Rohini 10th centry CE
File:Nakshatra temple magDraw lbl.jpg|Display of all 28th nakshatras in silver arch with candles in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).
File:Nakshatras in Temple draw+lbl 4ase.jpg|Display of all 28th nakshatras in a door frame in Tirupperunthurai (Athmanathaswamy temple) near Aranthangi, India, 10th century CE. (SMH 2025).
File:畢宿（仏像図彙）.png|Rohini Chinese, matching the [[Bixiu|Bi]] lunar mansion
File:4 Rohini draw.png|Rohini as reconstructed by Jones (1720)
File:ChandraRohini.jpg|Chandra Rohini
</gallery>

== Mythology ==
Rohini was one of 27 daughters of Daksa Prajapati. All these girls were married to Candra, the moon. This can be considered as the easiest way of conveying why the moon is seen with 27 different stars in a month. The story further states that he adored Rohini, making all the other girls feel sad. They complained to their father about it. Daksa cursed him to loose the luster. Candra pleaded mercy and the curse was modified for waxing and waning. There are many references in literature describing the romance of Candra and Rohini. The image in the temple is probably based on this story.

== Weblinks ==

* {{NAMESPACE}}

== References ==

* [[References]] (general)

[[Category:Indian]] [[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]][[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:South Asian]]
[[Category:Zodiac]]

Hyades

2026-05-03T14:15:47Z

Shylaja: /* References */

[[File:Pleiades and Hyades in Stellarium.jpg|thumb|Pleiades and Hyades in Stellarium (date -300 but this view is independent of the historical epoch on human scales).]]
[[File:Plej+hyad smh2025 4gif.gif|thumb|Hyades and Pleiades as observed in central Europe (photo and animation SMH)]]
The Hyades (Ὑας, Ὑαδες) are a significant pattern of stars in the sky that has been recognized as an asterism or constellation by almost all cultures. They form part of the modern constellation of [[Taurus]].

==Etymology and History==

==== Name Variants: ====
* Suculae (Latin)
* Rainy Ones (''hyô, hyetos'')
* Regengestirn (German)
* ‘jaws of Taurus’ ([[Is le10|''is-lê'']])
* [[AGA A-nim]], the Crown of the sky god Anu
* ''Rohiṅī śakaṭa'' - the cart of ''Rohiṅī'' ''(Sanskrit)''

===Origin of Constellation===
[[File:Fig1 taurus tablet 150dpi sciLogs.jpg|thumb|Taurus sign with drawings of Pleiades (Bristle), Hyades (Chariot), Bull, and the Moon during a total lunar eclipse in the Moon's hypsoma; drawing by Hoffmann (2025)<ref name=":0">Hoffmann, S.M. (2025). Image Analysis of VAT 7851, [https://orientalistik.univie.ac.at/publikationen/afo/ Archiv für Orientforschung (AfO)] 56, 45-53</ref>.]]
[[File:Hyaden+plejaden_smh2025_isle.JPG|thumb|Hyades (photograph) and The Jaw of the Bull from a claytablet (CC BY SMH 2024).]]
The V-shaped Hyades appear more scattered in the sky; in Mesopotamia they were regarded as [[AGA A-nim]], the Crown of the sky god Anu, or the ‘Jaw of The Bull’ ([[Is le10|''is-lê'']]) and are interpreted in Greek as its face. The bright star [[Aldebaran]], which physically does not belong to the star cluster but is (coincidentally) seen standing in the foreground in the same direction in the sky, had no proper name - neither in Mesopotamia nor in mathematical Greek astronomy. Only in his astrological work Tetrabiblos does Ptolemy give a name for the star: the torch. The modern name, Aldebaran, is Arabic and alludes to its position in the sky. The Pleiades rise first, followed by Aldebaran and the Hyades. Ad-Dabaran means ‘the following one’.

The star cluster seems to be also part of Late Babylonian constellation of The Chariot, GIGIR.<ref name=":0" />

===Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation===
The word śakaṭa means a cart. Hyades is referred to as ''Rohiṅī śakaṭa'' - the cart of ''Rohiṅī''. We find references to the cart of ''Rohiṅī'' (Aldebaran) in many Sanskrit texts. ''Rohiṅī'' is one of the 27 stars used extensively as a ''nakṣatra''. The V-shaped pattern of Hyades is the ''śakaṭa''. There are no images available anywhere. However, the context where this name appears provides the clue. All texts have a chapter called ''grahayuti'', the mutual conjunctions of moon and planets and / or with the stars. The procedures are provided to compute the event. In this context, ''śakaṭa- bheda'' is a special event. The word literally means cutting through the cart or breaking the cart. This essentially means that the moon / planet will be within the V-shape of Haydes. The earliest text to mention this ''śiṣydhīvriddhidatantra'' of Lalla (Chatterjee, 1981). It provides the condition for the event (''śakaṭa-bheda'') as the ''dhruvaka'' 1<sup>R</sup>|16<sup>O</sup>|40’ and ''śara'' 4<sup>O</sup>|30’ S. These can be approximated as ecliptic longitude and latitude for small values of the latitude. 1R refers to the unit of 30<sup>O</sup>, R for Rāśi, the zodiacal sign. Therefore, dhruvaka is 46<sup>O</sup> |40’

The stellarium image of the Hyades region for the year 443CE. The date of ''śiṣydhīvriddhidatantra'' is assigned to be 8<sup>th</sup> century (Chattarjee, 1981). The precise date of the text is not known preventing the application of precession correction. There is also a clue that he was using a reference which was probably 400 years earlier to him, justifying the depiction shown. The fine tuning of the ecliptic longitude has been used so as to match with that given in the text. This clearly shows the marker within the V shape of the Hyades.

[[File:Rohini 443.jpg|thumb]]
The other texts which specifically refer to this event are ''Grahalāghava'', (16<sup>th</sup> century) by Ganeśa Daivajnya (Balachandra Rao and Padmaja, 2008) and Samanta Chandrashekhara in ''Siddhānta Darpaṅa'' (19<sup>th</sup> century) (Upadhyaya, online source). The latter states that the event is decided by the maximum value of ''śara'' possible for the planets, which is the same as the orbital inclination. According to him the event ''śakaṭa-bheda'' is possible for only ''budha'' and ''śukra'' (Mercury and Venus), rarely possible for ''śani'' (with ''parama śara'' as 2<sup>O</sup>|29’) and impossible for ''mangala'' (Mars).

The drawing depicting the cart of ''Rohiṅī'' (drawn by B S Shylaja) for a sky theatre show in the planetarium.
[[File:Shakatapaint.jpg|thumb]]

==Mythology==
In Greek mythology, both the names of the sisters and their parents vary.<ref>Hyades in [https://www.theoi.com/Nymphe/NymphaiHyades.html THEOI online] </ref>
{| class="wikitable"
!parents
!sisters
|-
|
* ATLAS & PLEIONE ''(Hyginus Fabulae 192)''
* ATLAS & AITHRA ''(Musaeus Frag, Hyginus Astronomica 2.21, Ovid Fasti 5.164)''
* HYAS & BOIOTIA ''(Hyginus Astronomica 2.21)''
|
* PHAISYLE, KORONIS, KLEEIA, PHAIO, EUDORE ''(Hesiod Astronomy 2)''
* PHAESYLA, KORONIS, AMBROSIA, POLYXO, EUDORA ''(Hyginus Fabulae 192)''
* AMBROSIA, EUDORA, AESYLE ''(Eustathius on Homer's Iliad 1156)''
|}

==Weblinks==

==References==
*[[References]] (general)
*[[References (Babylonian)]]
*[[References (Greco-Roman)|References (ancient Greco-Roman)]]
*[[References (Medieval and Early Modern)|References (medieval)]]

[[Category:Eurasia]] [[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Almagest]] [[Category:European]] [[Category:Mesopotamian]] [[Category:West Asian]] [[Category:Modern]]
[[Category:Star Cluster]]
[[Category:Tau]]
[[Category:Hyades]]
<references />
Rao S and Uma S K, ''Grahalāghavam, With English Translation, Notes and Appendices,'' Indian National Science Academy, New Delhi, 2008.

Chatterjee, B, ''śiṣydhīvriddhidatantra of Lalla,'' 1981, Indian National Science Academy, New Delhi

Updadhyaya, English Translation of Siddhanta Darpana, (on line source)

<nowiki>https://ia803103.us.archive.org/9/items/1050-astrology-books/Arun%20Kumar_Upadhyaya_Siddhanta%20Darpana_Vol.2.pdf</nowiki>

2026-04-27T06:25:53Z

Shylaja:

The marker for matrmandala as vi ma on the astrolabe

Shakata

2026-04-19T06:41:32Z

Shylaja: /* Concordance, Etymology, History */

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Shakata, ''Rohiṇīśakaṭa'' '','' Rohini's Cart, is an Indian name for the [[Hyades]] in [[Taurus]]. Its age is unknown.

==Concordance, Etymology, History==
'''Variants'''

* Shakata
* Rohini Shakata
* Shakata Rohini

Hyades group is called Rohini Shakata - the cart of Rohini. When the moon or any planet is within the V-shape of Hyades it is called ''Rohini shakata bheda'' (cutting Rohini's cart).

There are no drawings available

Classical texts have a chapter on conjunctions of moon and planets with stars ; the details on calculations for the possibility of the moon/planet passing within the V of Hyades (shakata bheda ) are provided.

=== Origin of Constellation ===
Rohini Nakshatra is the bright star of the constellation of Taurus identified with the bright star Aldebaran.

Rohini Shakata Bheda is a rare, astronomical phenomenon where a planet, often Saturn or Mars, passes through or breaks this "wagon" formation.

=== Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation ===

== Religion/ Tales/ Mythology ==
In Hindu tradition, Rohini Shakata Bheda is linked to stories like the, a, warning by Shani (Saturn) to Dashrath regarding the dire consequences of this crossing. A Rohini Shakata Bheda by Venus occurred in summer 2025, for example.

== Weblinks ==

* {{NAMESPACE}}

== References ==

* [[References]] (general)

[[Category:Indian]] [[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]][[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:South Asian]]
[[Category:Tau]]