ḪUL - Revision history

Sushoff at 17:42, 26 March 2026

2026-03-26T17:42:48Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:42, 26 March 2026
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	Authors: ~~Gennady Kurtik,~~ {{PAGEAUTHORS}}~~, Euin Choung Kim~~		Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
	----		----
	<sup>mul</sup>ḪUL (𒀯𒅆𒌨) = <sup>mul</sup>''Lumnu'' (𒀯𒇻𒁾𒉡) = ''lumnu,'' 'The Evil Star,' is an ancient Mesopotamian name for Mars. For the malefic nature of Mars, see Rochberg 2010<ref>Rochberg, F. (2010). In the Path of the Moon. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill.</ref>: 135-142, reprint of Rochberg Sachs Mem.Vol. 323-328.		<sup>mul</sup>ḪUL (𒀯𒅆𒌨) = <sup>mul</sup>''Lumnu'' (𒀯𒇻𒁾𒉡) = ''lumnu,'' 'The Evil Star,' is an ancient Mesopotamian name for Mars. For the malefic nature of Mars, see Rochberg 2010<ref>Rochberg, F. (2010). In the Path of the Moon. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill.</ref>: 135-142, reprint of Rochberg Sachs Mem.Vol. 323-328.

Sushoff at 14:59, 22 January 2026

2026-01-22T14:59:11Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:59, 22 January 2026
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	Authors: Gennady E. Kurtik, {{PAGEAUTHORS}}		Authors: Gennady Kurtik, {{PAGEAUTHORS}}, Euin Choung Kim
	----		----
	<sup>mul</sup>ḪUL (𒀯𒅆𒌨) = <sup>mul</sup>''Lumnu'' (𒀯𒇻𒁾𒉡) = ''lumnu,'' 'The Evil Star,' is an ancient Mesopotamian name for Mars. For the malefic nature of Mars, see Rochberg 2010<ref>Rochberg, F. (2010). In the Path of the Moon. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill.</ref>: 135-142, reprint of Rochberg Sachs Mem.Vol. 323-328.		<sup>mul</sup>ḪUL (𒀯𒅆𒌨) = <sup>mul</sup>''Lumnu'' (𒀯𒇻𒁾𒉡) = ''lumnu,'' 'The Evil Star,' is an ancient Mesopotamian name for Mars. For the malefic nature of Mars, see Rochberg 2010<ref>Rochberg, F. (2010). In the Path of the Moon. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill.</ref>: 135-142, reprint of Rochberg Sachs Mem.Vol. 323-328.

Sushoff at 07:30, 17 January 2026

2026-01-17T07:30:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:30, 17 January 2026
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			Authors: Gennady E. Kurtik, {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
			----
	<sup>mul</sup>ḪUL (𒀯𒅆𒌨) = <sup>mul</sup>''Lumnu'' (𒀯𒇻𒁾𒉡) = ''lumnu,'' 'The Evil Star,' is an ancient Mesopotamian name for Mars. For the malefic nature of Mars, see Rochberg 2010<ref>Rochberg, F. (2010). In the Path of the Moon. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill.</ref>: 135-142, reprint of Rochberg Sachs Mem.Vol. 323-328.		<sup>mul</sup>ḪUL (𒀯𒅆𒌨) = <sup>mul</sup>''Lumnu'' (𒀯𒇻𒁾𒉡) = ''lumnu,'' 'The Evil Star,' is an ancient Mesopotamian name for Mars. For the malefic nature of Mars, see Rochberg 2010<ref>Rochberg, F. (2010). In the Path of the Moon. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill.</ref>: 135-142, reprint of Rochberg Sachs Mem.Vol. 323-328.

Sushoff at 18:45, 16 December 2025

2025-12-16T18:45:01Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:45, 16 December 2025
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	{{Template:Mars}}		{{Template:Mars}}

	==Concordance, Etymology, History==		==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==
	= <sup>mu''l''</sup>''Lumnu'' "Evil (star)"; a name for Mars, and one occasion Mars identified with Mercury. [AHw<ref>''Soden von W''. Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. Wiesbaden, 1985.</ref>, 563-564; CAD<ref>''The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.'' Chicago - Glückstadt, 1956 -...</ref> L, 250; Gössmann<ref>''Gössmann P.F''. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).</ref> 187; Reynolds 1998<ref>''Reynolds F.'' Unpropitious Titles of Mars in Mesopotamian Scholarly Tradition // RAI. 1998. Vol. 41. P. 347-358.</ref>]		= <sup>mu''l''</sup>''Lumnu'' "Evil (star)"; a name for Mars, and one occasion Mars identified with Mercury. [AHw<ref>''Soden von W''. Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. Wiesbaden, 1985.</ref>, 563-564; CAD<ref>''The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.'' Chicago - Glückstadt, 1956 -...</ref> L, 250; Gössmann<ref>''Gössmann P.F''. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).</ref> 187; Reynolds 1998<ref>''Reynolds F.'' Unpropitious Titles of Mars in Mesopotamian Scholarly Tradition // RAI. 1998. Vol. 41. P. 347-358.</ref>]

	* Epithet of Mars ... perhaps Mercury (?)		* Epithet of Mars ... perhaps Mercury (?)

	~~===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim===~~
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|-		\|-

InitTeam at 11:14, 13 September 2025

2025-09-13T11:14:38Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:14, 13 September 2025
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	<sup>mul</sup>ḪUL (𒀯𒅆𒌨) = <sup>mul</sup>''Lumnu'' (𒀯𒇻𒁾𒉡) = ''lumnu,'' 'The Evil Star,' is an ancient Mesopotamian name for Mars. For the malefic nature of Mars see Rochberg 2010<ref>Rochberg, F. (2010). In the Path of the Moon. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill.</ref>: 135-142, reprint of Rochberg Sachs Mem.Vol. 323-328.		<sup>mul</sup>ḪUL (𒀯𒅆𒌨) = <sup>mul</sup>''Lumnu'' (𒀯𒇻𒁾𒉡) = ''lumnu,'' 'The Evil Star,' is an ancient Mesopotamian name for Mars. For the malefic nature of Mars, see Rochberg 2010<ref>Rochberg, F. (2010). In the Path of the Moon. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill.</ref>: 135-142, reprint of Rochberg Sachs Mem.Vol. 323-328.

	{{Template:Mars}}		{{Template:Mars}}
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	= <sup>mu''l''</sup>''Lumnu'' "Evil (star)"; a name for Mars, and one occasion Mars identified with Mercury. [AHw<ref>''Soden von W''. Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. Wiesbaden, 1985.</ref>, 563-564; CAD<ref>''The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.'' Chicago - Glückstadt, 1956 -...</ref> L, 250; Gössmann<ref>''Gössmann P.F''. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).</ref> 187; Reynolds 1998<ref>''Reynolds F.'' Unpropitious Titles of Mars in Mesopotamian Scholarly Tradition // RAI. 1998. Vol. 41. P. 347-358.</ref>]		= <sup>mu''l''</sup>''Lumnu'' "Evil (star)"; a name for Mars, and one occasion Mars identified with Mercury. [AHw<ref>''Soden von W''. Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. Wiesbaden, 1985.</ref>, 563-564; CAD<ref>''The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.'' Chicago - Glückstadt, 1956 -...</ref> L, 250; Gössmann<ref>''Gössmann P.F''. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).</ref> 187; Reynolds 1998<ref>''Reynolds F.'' Unpropitious Titles of Mars in Mesopotamian Scholarly Tradition // RAI. 1998. Vol. 41. P. 347-358.</ref>]

	* ~~epithet~~ of Mars ... perhaps Mercury (?)		* Epithet of Mars ... perhaps Mercury (?)

	===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim===		===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim===
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	* <sup>mul</sup>''ḫul'' = ''lum-num''<sub>2</sub> = MIN(=<sup>d</sup>''ṣal''-[''bat-a-nu''])		* <sup>mul</sup>''ḫul'' = ''lum-num''<sub>2</sub> = MIN(=<sup>d</sup>''ṣal''-[''bat-a-nu''])
	* "Evil (star) = Evil = ditto(= Mars)." [MSL XI, 40:30].		* "Evil (star) = Evil = ditto(= Mars)." [MSL XI<ref>''Materials for the Sumerian Lexicon''. Vol. XI. The Series HAR-ra = ''hubullu.'' Tablets XX-XXIV. Ed. by E.Reiner with the coll. of M.Civil. Roma, 1974.</ref>, 40:30].
	\|Example		\|Example
	\|-		\|-
	\|'''EAE.'''		\|'''EAE.'''
	See. [Borger 1973, LB 1321 r. 37′].		See. [Borger 1973<ref>''Borger R.'' Keilschrifttexte verschiedenen Inhalts / Symbolae Biblicae et Mesopotamicae. Festschrift Th. de Liagre Böhl. Ed. M.A.Beek et al. Leiden, 1973. Р. 38-55.</ref>, LB 1321 r. 37′].
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
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	** <sup>mul</sup>ḫul = <sup>d</sup>min(<sup>d</sup>''ṣal-bat-a-nu''),		** <sup>mul</sup>ḫul = <sup>d</sup>min(<sup>d</sup>''ṣal-bat-a-nu''),
	** <sup>mul</sup>''lu-um-nu'' = <sup>d</sup>min (<sup>d</sup>''ṣal-bat-a-nu'') "evil (star) = ditto(Mars)".		** <sup>mul</sup>''lu-um-nu'' = <sup>d</sup>min (<sup>d</sup>''ṣal-bat-a-nu'') "evil (star) = ditto(Mars)".
	* (2) 7 names of Mars (7 ''zik-ru-šu''): <sup>ul</sup>ḫul "Evil (star)". [Mesop.Astrol., App.B: 92, 98, 238].		* (2) 7 names of Mars (7 ''zik-ru-šu''): <sup>ul</sup>ḫul "Evil (star)". [Mesop.Astrol.<ref>''Koch-Westenholz U''. Mesopotamian Astrology. Copenhagen, Museum Tusculanum Press. 1995.</ref>, App.B: 92, 98, 238].
	\|		\|
	\|}		\|}
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	==== II. Astrology. ====		==== II. Astrology. ====
	(1) Evil star = Mars or Mercury (?); DIŠ ''ad-riš'' TU <sup>mul</sup>ḪUL: <sup>d</sup>''ṣal-bat-a-nu'': <sup>d</sup>UDU.IDIM.GU<sub>4</sub>.UD-''ma'' MAŠ<sub>2</sub>.ANŠE [...] "If the Evil (star) sets into darkness, (it means) Mars (or?) Mercury: cattle [...]". [ACh Šamaš, 13:23], see also [Reynolds 1998, 351].		(1) Evil star = Mars or Mercury (?); DIŠ ''ad-riš'' TU <sup>mul</sup>ḪUL: <sup>d</sup>''ṣal-bat-a-nu'': <sup>d</sup>UDU.IDIM.GU<sub>4</sub>.UD-''ma'' MAŠ<sub>2</sub>.ANŠE [...] "If the Evil (star) sets into darkness, (it means) Mars (or?) Mercury: cattle [...]". [ACh Šamaš<ref>''Ch. Virolleaud'', L'astrologie chaldéenne S(in); Shamasz; Isht(ar); Adad; S/Supp. = Supplément; SS / 2.Supp. = Second Supplément (Paris 1905 - 1912)</ref>, 13:23], see also [Reynolds 1998<ref>''Reynolds F.'' Unpropitious Titles of Mars in Mesopotamian Scholarly Tradition // RAI. 1998. Vol. 41. P. 347-358.</ref>, 351].

	(2) Evil star and Jupiter; BE <sup><mul></sup>''lu-um-nu ina'' IGI <sup>d</sup>''Šul-pa-e''<sub>3</sub> SU.GU<sub>7</sub> [...] "If the Evil (star) (stands) ahead of Shulpae: famine [...] [ACh Suppl. 2, 78:5]; BE <sup><mul></sup>''lu-um-nu'' EGIR <sup>d</sup>''Šul-pa-e''<sub>3</sub> MU BI DAM-''šu'' [...] "If the Evil (star) (stands) behind Shulpae: this year his wife [...] [ACh Suppl. 2, 78:6].		(2) Evil star and Jupiter; BE <sup><mul></sup>''lu-um-nu ina'' IGI <sup>d</sup>''Šul-pa-e''<sub>3</sub> SU.GU<sub>7</sub> [...] "If the Evil (star) (stands) ahead of Shulpae: famine [...] [ACh Suppl. 2, 78:5]; BE <sup><mul></sup>''lu-um-nu'' EGIR <sup>d</sup>''Šul-pa-e''<sub>3</sub> MU BI DAM-''šu'' [...] "If the Evil (star) (stands) behind Shulpae: this year his wife [...] [ACh Suppl.<ref>''Ch. Virolleaud'', L'astrologie chaldéenne S(in); Shamasz; Isht(ar); Adad; S/Supp. = Supplément; SS / 2.Supp. = Second Supplément (Paris 1905 - 1912).</ref> 2, 78:6].

	(3) Red Star = Evil Star = Mars; DIŠ <sup>mul</sup>''sa''<sub>5</sub> <sup>mul</sup>''ṣal-bat-a-nu'': <sup>mul</sup>''lum-nu mul'' [''ṣal'']-[''bat-a-nu]'' "Red Star, Mars = Evil (star), M[ars ...]". [Borger 1973, 41 r. 37′].		(3) Red Star = Evil Star = Mars; DIŠ <sup>mul</sup>''sa''<sub>5</sub> <sup>mul</sup>''ṣal-bat-a-nu'': <sup>mul</sup>''lum-nu mul'' [''ṣal'']-[''bat-a-nu]'' "Red Star, Mars = Evil (star), M[ars ...]". [Borger 1973<ref>''Borger R.'' Keilschrifttexte verschiedenen Inhalts / Symbolae Biblicae et Mesopotamicae. Festschrift Th. de Liagre Böhl. Ed. M.A.Beek et al. Leiden, 1973. Р. 38-55.</ref>, 41 r. 37′].

	==Historical Dictionaries==		==Historical Dictionaries==

Sushoff at 15:25, 8 September 2025

2025-09-08T15:25:28Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:25, 8 September 2025
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	<sup>mul</sup>ḪUL (𒀯𒅆𒌨), 'The Evil Star,' is an ancient Mesopotamian name for Mars.		<sup>mul</sup>ḪUL (𒀯𒅆𒌨) = <sup>mul</sup>''Lumnu'' (𒀯𒇻𒁾𒉡) = ''lumnu,'' 'The Evil Star,' is an ancient Mesopotamian name for Mars. For the malefic nature of Mars see Rochberg 2010<ref>Rochberg, F. (2010). In the Path of the Moon. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill.</ref>: 135-142, reprint of Rochberg Sachs Mem.Vol. 323-328.

	{{Template:Mars}}		{{Template:Mars}}

	==Concordance, Etymology, History==		==Concordance, Etymology, History==
	= <sup>mu''l''</sup>''Lumnu'' "Evil (star)"; a name for Mars, and one occasion Mars identified with Mercury. [AHw, 563-4; CAD L, 250; G. 187; Reynolds 1998].		= <sup>mu''l''</sup>''Lumnu'' "Evil (star)"; a name for Mars, and one occasion Mars identified with Mercury. [AHw<ref>''Soden von W''. Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. Wiesbaden, 1985.</ref>, 563-564; CAD<ref>''The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.'' Chicago - Glückstadt, 1956 -...</ref> L, 250; Gössmann<ref>''Gössmann P.F''. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).</ref> 187; Reynolds 1998<ref>''Reynolds F.'' Unpropitious Titles of Mars in Mesopotamian Scholarly Tradition // RAI. 1998. Vol. 41. P. 347-358.</ref>]

			* epithet of Mars ... perhaps Mercury (?)

	===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim===		===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim===
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
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	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|-		\|-
	! scope="col" style="width: 60%;" \|Kurtik (2022, h08)		! scope="col" style="width: 60%;" \|Kurtik (2022, h08) <sup>mul</sup>ḪUL
	! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" \|Gössmann (1950)		! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" \|Gössmann (1950)
	\|-		\|-
	\|= <sup>mul</sup>Lumnu «Злая (звезда)»; эпитет Марса и Меркурия(?) [AHw, 563–4; CAD L, 250; G. 187; Reynolds 1998].		\|<sup>mul</sup>ḪUL = <sup>mul</sup>Lumnu «Злая (звезда)»; эпитет Марса и Меркурия(?) [AHw, 563–4; CAD L, 250; G. 187; Reynolds 1998].
	I. Источники.		I. Источники.

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	(3) Красная звезда = Злая звезда = Марс; DIŠ <sup>mul</sup>sa<sub>5</sub> <sup>mul</sup>ṣal-bat-a-nu : <sup>mul</sup>lum-nu mul [ṣal]-[bat-a-nu …] «Красная звезда, Марс = Злая (звезда), М[арс …] [Borger 1973, 41 r. 37′].		(3) Красная звезда = Злая звезда = Марс; DIŠ <sup>mul</sup>sa<sub>5</sub> <sup>mul</sup>ṣal-bat-a-nu : <sup>mul</sup>lum-nu mul [ṣal]-[bat-a-nu …] «Красная звезда, Марс = Злая (звезда), М[арс …] [Borger 1973, 41 r. 37′].
	\|Example		\|Example
			\|-
			!Kurtik (2022, L20) <sup>mul</sup>Lumnu
			\|
			\|-
			\|<sup>mul</sup>Lumnu = <sup>mul</sup>ḪUL «Злая звезда»; эпитет Марса и Меркурия (?) [AHw, 563–564; CAD L, 250; G. 187; Reynolds 1998], см. h08ḪUL.
			\|
	\|}		\|}
	==References==		==References==

Sushoff at 18:51, 16 August 2025

2025-08-16T18:51:41Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:51, 16 August 2025
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	{{Template:Mars}}		{{Template:Mars}}

	==~~Dictionary~~==		==Concordance, Etymology, History==
	= <sup>mu''l''</sup>''Lumnu'' "Evil (star)"; a name for Mars, and one occasion Mars identified with Mercury. [AHw, 563-4; CAD L, 250; G. 187; Reynolds 1998].		= <sup>mu''l''</sup>''Lumnu'' "Evil (star)"; a name for Mars, and one occasion Mars identified with Mercury. [AHw, 563-4; CAD L, 250; G. 187; Reynolds 1998].
	===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim===		===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim===

InitTeam at 11:38, 31 July 2025

2025-07-31T11:38:36Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:38, 31 July 2025
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	(2) Evil star and Jupiter; BE <sup><mul></sup>''lu-um-nu ina'' IGI <sup>d</sup>''Šul-pa-e''<sub>3</sub> SU.GU<sub>7</sub> [...] "If the Evil (star) (stands) ahead of Shulpae: famine [...] [ACh Suppl. 2, 78:5]; BE <sup><mul></sup>''lu-um-nu'' EGIR <sup>d</sup>''Šul-pa-e''<sub>3</sub> MU BI DAM-''šu'' [...] "If the Evil (star) (stands) behind Shulpae: this year his wife [...] [ACh Suppl. 2, 78:6].		(2) Evil star and Jupiter; BE <sup><mul></sup>''lu-um-nu ina'' IGI <sup>d</sup>''Šul-pa-e''<sub>3</sub> SU.GU<sub>7</sub> [...] "If the Evil (star) (stands) ahead of Shulpae: famine [...] [ACh Suppl. 2, 78:5]; BE <sup><mul></sup>''lu-um-nu'' EGIR <sup>d</sup>''Šul-pa-e''<sub>3</sub> MU BI DAM-''šu'' [...] "If the Evil (star) (stands) behind Shulpae: this year his wife [...] [ACh Suppl. 2, 78:6].

	(3) Red Star = Evil Star = Mars; DIŠ <sup>mul</sup>''sa''<sub>5</sub> <sup>mul</sup>''ṣal-bat-a-nu'': <sup>mul</sup>''lum-nu mul'' [''ṣal'']-[''bat-a-nu]'' ~~. - '''reference needs to be checked'''??~~"Red Star, Mars = Evil (star), M[ars ...] [Borger 1973, 41 r. 37′].		(3) Red Star = Evil Star = Mars; DIŠ <sup>mul</sup>''sa''<sub>5</sub> <sup>mul</sup>''ṣal-bat-a-nu'': <sup>mul</sup>''lum-nu mul'' [''ṣal'']-[''bat-a-nu]'' "Red Star, Mars = Evil (star), M[ars ...]". [Borger 1973, 41 r. 37′].

	==Historical Dictionaries==		==Historical Dictionaries==
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	[[Category:Mars]]		[[Category:Mars]]
	[[Category:Mercury]]		[[Category:Mercury]]

	~~[[Category:4workWayne]]~~

InitTeam at 20:00, 2 July 2025

2025-07-02T20:00:49Z

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	[[Category:Mercury]]		[[Category:Mercury]]

	[[Category:~~Wayne4work~~]]		[[Category:4workWayne]]

InitTeam at 11:15, 24 May 2025

2025-05-24T11:15:24Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:15, 24 May 2025
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	<sup>mul</sup>ḪUL, 'The Evil Star,' is an ancient Mesopotamian name for Mars.		<sup>mul</sup>ḪUL (𒀯𒅆𒌨), 'The Evil Star,' is an ancient Mesopotamian name for Mars.

	{{Template:Mars}}		{{Template:Mars}}