ANŠE.KUR.RA - Revision history

HermannHunger: /* Sources and Identification(s) */

2026-04-08T09:33:14Z

Sources and Identification(s)

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:33, 8 April 2026
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	\|'''"The Great Star List and Miscellanea".'''		\|'''"The Great Star List and Miscellanea".'''
	* <sup>mul</sup> <sup>d</sup>im.dugud<sup>mušen</sup> = <sup>mul</sup>anše.kur.ra "		* <sup>mul</sup> <sup>d</sup>im.dugud<sup>mušen</sup> = <sup>mul</sup>anše.kur.ra "
	* Anzu bird = Horse". [Mesop.Astrol., App. B:159; Weidner 1959-60, 107:21, 108]; for a ~~parallel~~ see [SpTU I, 50:36].		* Anzu bird = Horse". [Mesop.Astrol., App. B:159; Weidner 1959-60, 107:21, 108; for a mention in a commentary see SpTU I, 50:36].
	\|[[File:2017-08-01 Lion-headed Imdugud (Anzu) Bird on Top of Two Stags, c. 2500 BC.jpg\|alt=photograph\|thumb\|Mesopotamia 6000-1500 BC Gallery, British Museum, London, England, UK. Complete indexed photo collection at WorldHistoryPics.com.]][[File:Middle Assyrian winged horse cylinder seal.png\|thumb\|Cylinder seal and modern impression: winged horse with claws and horns. Ca. 14th–13th century BCE. Middle Assyrian.]]By the classical period the Horse constellation in Assyria and Babylonia came to be a Greek Pegasus-like figure identified with Sumerian <sup>mul</sup>IM.DUGUD = ''anzû''. Earlier the IM.DUGUD. <sup>mul</sup>IM.DUGUD = ''anzû'' although the earlier flying constellation was depicted as a Lion-headed eagle.		\|[[File:2017-08-01 Lion-headed Imdugud (Anzu) Bird on Top of Two Stags, c. 2500 BC.jpg\|alt=photograph\|thumb\|Mesopotamia 6000-1500 BC Gallery, British Museum, London, England, UK. Complete indexed photo collection at WorldHistoryPics.com.]][[File:Middle Assyrian winged horse cylinder seal.png\|thumb\|Cylinder seal and modern impression: winged horse with claws and horns. Ca. 14th–13th century BCE. Middle Assyrian.]]By the classical period the Horse constellation in Assyria and Babylonia came to be a Greek Pegasus-like figure identified with Sumerian <sup>mul</sup>IM.DUGUD = ''anzû''. Earlier the IM.DUGUD. <sup>mul</sup>IM.DUGUD = ''anzû'' although the earlier flying constellation was depicted as a Lion-headed eagle.
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	* <sup>mul</sup>anše.kur.ra = <sup>d</sup>im.dugud<sup>mušen</sup>		* <sup>mul</sup>anše.kur.ra = <sup>d</sup>im.dugud<sup>mušen</sup>
	* "Horse = Anzu bird",		* "Horse = Anzu bird",
	* see also [HBA 51:20; Wee 2016, 162-3:20]; for a ~~parallel~~ see [SpTU I, 50:36]; identity in BM 52938: ''an-zu-u''<sub>2</sub> = ''si-su''-[''u''<sub>2</sub>] [CAD S, 334a].		* see also [HBA 51:20; Wee 2016, 162-3:20]; for a commentary see [SpTU I, 50:36]; identity in BM 52938: ''an-zu-u''<sub>2</sub> = ''si-su''-[''u''<sub>2</sub>] [CAD S, 334a].
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	==== III. Symbol. ====		==== III. Symbol. ====
	The identification of this constellation with Pegasus suggested by J. Koch (see section IV) '''''(if it took place in reality!?)''''' suggests that at the period when Mesopotamian tradition connected with the stars was known to the Greeks (8-5 cc. BCE) the figure of horse was already considered as its symbol in Mesopotamia. The images of the horse's head on the kudurrus see ~~[Seidl 1968.~~ [Seidl 1968, 145, XXIX; Kurtik 2007, fig. 8].		The identification of this constellation with Pegasus suggested by J. Koch (see section IV) '''''(if it took place in reality!?)''''' suggests that at the period when Mesopotamian tradition connected with the stars was known to the Greeks (8-5 cc. BCE) the figure of horse was already considered as its symbol in Mesopotamia. The images of the horse's head on the kudurrus see [Seidl 1968, 145, XXIX; Kurtik 2007, fig. 8].

	== Historical Dictionaries ==		== Historical Dictionaries ==

HermannHunger: /* Concordance, Etymology, History[1] */

2026-04-08T09:27:14Z

Concordance, Etymology, History[1]

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:27, 8 April 2026
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	\| MUL.APIN I i 29-32 lists a set of constellations as entourage of the UD.KA.DU<sub>8</sub>.A-demon: <blockquote>"The asterism which stands at its right side: the Pig, Damu. The asterism which stands at its left side: the Horse. The asterism which stands behind it: The Stag, [...]. The dusky stars which stand in the breast of the Stag: ...". </blockquote>The image of the UD.KA.DU<sub>8</sub>.A-demon can be attached to the stars because its heel (λ And) and its breast (α Cyg) are well-determined ''ziqpu''-stars. Thus, the Horse and the Pig can be arranged according to the text at the demon's left and right side, squeezed in between the well-defined constellations of [[IKU]], [[APIN]], and [[Anunitu]].[[File:UDKADUHA+.jpg\|alt=stellarium map of the area of UD.KA.DUḪ.A\|thumb\|UD.KA.DU<sub>8</sub>.A and its entourage in Stellarium: The Horse, The Stag, The Pig to its left and right (paintings by Jessica Gullberg 2021). The identification of The Pig is uncertain; it could also be in the area of Delphinus, but as the two stars at the end of Sagitta form a pair like a pig's nose, this orientation was chosen. The terms "left" and "right" are not well defined, especially with regard to a figure that is seen from the side.]]		\| MUL.APIN I i 29-32 lists a set of constellations as entourage of the UD.KA.DU<sub>8</sub>.A-demon: <blockquote>"The asterism which stands at its right side: the Pig, Damu. The asterism which stands at its left side: the Horse. The asterism which stands behind it: The Stag, [...]. The dusky stars which stand in the breast of the Stag: ...". </blockquote>The image of the UD.KA.DU<sub>8</sub>.A-demon can be attached to the stars because its heel (λ And) and its breast (α Cyg) are well-determined ''ziqpu''-stars. Thus, the Horse and the Pig can be arranged according to the text at the demon's left and right side, squeezed in between the well-defined constellations of [[IKU]], [[APIN]], and [[Anunitu]].[[File:UDKADUHA+.jpg\|alt=stellarium map of the area of UD.KA.DUḪ.A\|thumb\|UD.KA.DU<sub>8</sub>.A and its entourage in Stellarium: The Horse, The Stag, The Pig to its left and right (paintings by Jessica Gullberg 2021). The identification of The Pig is uncertain; it could also be in the area of Delphinus, but as the two stars at the end of Sagitta form a pair like a pig's nose, this orientation was chosen. The terms "left" and "right" are not well defined, especially with regard to a figure that is seen from the side.]]
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	\|'''"The Great Star List and ~~Miscellania~~".'''		\|'''"The Great Star List and Miscellanea".'''
	* <sup>mul</sup> <sup>d</sup>im.dugud<sup>mušen</sup> = <sup>mul</sup>anše.kur.ra "		* <sup>mul</sup> <sup>d</sup>im.dugud<sup>mušen</sup> = <sup>mul</sup>anše.kur.ra "
	* Anzu bird = Horse". [Mesop.Astrol., App. B:159; Weidner 1959-60, 107:21, 108]; for a parallel see. [SpTU I, 50:36].		* Anzu bird = Horse". [Mesop.Astrol., App. B:159; Weidner 1959-60, 107:21, 108]; for a parallel see [SpTU I, 50:36].
	\|[[File:2017-08-01 Lion-headed Imdugud (Anzu) Bird on Top of Two Stags, c. 2500 BC.jpg\|alt=photograph\|thumb\|Mesopotamia 6000-1500 BC Gallery, British Museum, London, England, UK. Complete indexed photo collection at WorldHistoryPics.com.]][[File:Middle Assyrian winged horse cylinder seal.png\|thumb\|Cylinder seal and modern impression: winged horse with claws and horns. Ca. 14th–13th century BCE. Middle Assyrian.]]By the classical period the Horse constellation in Assyria and Babylonia came to be a Greek Pegasus-like figure identified with Sumerian <sup>mul</sup>IM.DUGUD = ''anzû''. Earlier the IM.DUGUD. <sup>mul</sup>IM.DUGUD = ''anzû'' although the earlier flying constellation was depicted as a Lion-headed eagle.		\|[[File:2017-08-01 Lion-headed Imdugud (Anzu) Bird on Top of Two Stags, c. 2500 BC.jpg\|alt=photograph\|thumb\|Mesopotamia 6000-1500 BC Gallery, British Museum, London, England, UK. Complete indexed photo collection at WorldHistoryPics.com.]][[File:Middle Assyrian winged horse cylinder seal.png\|thumb\|Cylinder seal and modern impression: winged horse with claws and horns. Ca. 14th–13th century BCE. Middle Assyrian.]]By the classical period the Horse constellation in Assyria and Babylonia came to be a Greek Pegasus-like figure identified with Sumerian <sup>mul</sup>IM.DUGUD = ''anzû''. Earlier the IM.DUGUD. <sup>mul</sup>IM.DUGUD = ''anzû'' although the earlier flying constellation was depicted as a Lion-headed eagle.
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	* <sup>mul</sup>anše.kur.ra = <sup>d</sup>im.dugud<sup>mušen</sup>		* <sup>mul</sup>anše.kur.ra = <sup>d</sup>im.dugud<sup>mušen</sup>
	* "Horse = Anzu bird",		* "Horse = Anzu bird",
	* see also [HBA 51:20; Wee 2016, 162-3:20]; for a parallel see. [SpTU I, 50:36]; identity in BM 52938: ''an-zu-u''<sub>2</sub> = ''si-su''-[''u''<sub>2</sub>] [CAD S, 334a].		* see also [HBA 51:20; Wee 2016, 162-3:20]; for a parallel see [SpTU I, 50:36]; identity in BM 52938: ''an-zu-u''<sub>2</sub> = ''si-su''-[''u''<sub>2</sub>] [CAD S, 334a].
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	\| '''Dalbanna-text.'''		\| '''Dalbanna-text.'''
	* '''§e.''' mul x [x x x x x x] ˹mul<sup>!</sup>˺ sag ˹anše.kur.ra˺ ''u'' <sup>mul</sup>sim.maḫ 4 mul.meš [x x x x x 2 da]l.ba.an.na dal.ba.an.na <sup>mul</sup>sag sim.m[aḫ x x x] x dal. ba.an.na murub<sub>4</sub> suḫuš ''ki-lal-la-an ma''[''ḫ-ru'']		* '''§e.''' mul x [x x x x x x] ˹mul<sup>!</sup>˺ sag ˹anše.kur.ra˺ ''u'' <sup>mul</sup>sim.maḫ 4 mul.meš [x x x x x 2 da]l.ba.an.na dal.ba.an.na <sup>mul</sup>sag sim.m[aḫ x x x] x dal.ba.an.na murub<sub>4</sub> suḫuš ''ki-lal-la-an ma''[''ḫ-ru'']
	* "Asterism [...] (7 And, β Cas) head of Horse and Swallow (β,ε Peg): 4 stars [...2 in]tervals, interval. Swall[ow’s] head x interval. Middle (and?) foundation, both first[s]." [Walker 1995, 36; Hunger and Pingree 1999, 108]; according to [Koch 1995, 48, 61],		* "Asterism [...] (7 And, β Cas) head of Horse and Swallow (β,ε Peg): 4 stars [...2 in]tervals, interval. Swall[ow’s] head x interval. Middle (and?) foundation, both first[s]." [Walker 1995, 36; Hunger and Pingree 1999, 108]; according to [Koch 1995, 48, 61],
	* mul<sub>x</sub> [x x] = <sup>mul</sup>''z''[''ap-pi šaḫ'']<sup>?</sup> "Pig’s Bristle" (7 And), [x x x x] = [<sup>mul</sup>tir.an.na]<sup>?</sup> "[Rainbow]" (β Cas), ˹mul<sup>ǃ</sup>˺ sag ˹anše.kur.ra˺ = (β Peg), <sup>mul</sup>sim.maḫ = (ω Psc), <sup>mul</sup>sag sim.m[aḫ] = (ε Peg).		* mul<sub>x</sub> [x x] = <sup>mul</sup>''z''[''ap-pi šaḫ'']<sup>?</sup> "Pig’s Bristle" (7 And), [x x x x] = [<sup>mul</sup>tir.an.na]<sup>?</sup> "[Rainbow]" (β Cas), ˹mul<sup>ǃ</sup>˺ sag ˹anše.kur.ra˺ = (β Peg), <sup>mul</sup>sim.maḫ = (ω Psc), <sup>mul</sup>sag sim.m[aḫ] = (ε Peg).
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	==== II. Deity. ====		==== II. Deity. ====
	The Horse constellation is identified with Anzu, a well-known Sumero-Akkadian mythical character (see Kurtik i07 [[IM.DUGUDmušen\|<sup>d</sup>IM.DUGUD<sup>mušen</sup>]]). For what reasons and when exactly in astral mythology Anzu was associated with the Horse, remains unclear. Texts containing this identity date back to the 1st millennium B.C. The absence of the name in lexical texts ~~indicate~~ a rather late origin of the name. On the probable mythological basis of the identification see. [CAD A/2, 155; Livingstone 1986, 147-148].		The Horse constellation is identified with Anzu, a well-known Sumero-Akkadian mythical character (see Kurtik i07 [[IM.DUGUDmušen\|<sup>d</sup>IM.DUGUD<sup>mušen</sup>]]). For what reasons and when exactly in astral mythology Anzu was associated with the Horse, remains unclear. Texts containing this identity date back to the 1st millennium B.C. The absence of the name in lexical texts indicates a rather late origin of the name. On the probable mythological basis of the identification see [CAD A/2, 155; Livingstone 1986, 147-148].

	==== III. Symbol. ====		==== III. Symbol. ====

Sushoff at 16:15, 26 March 2026

2026-03-26T16:15:28Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:15, 26 March 2026
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	Authors: ~~Gennady Kurtik,~~ {{PAGEAUTHORS}}~~, Euin Choung Kim~~		Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
	----		----
	<sup>mul</sup>ANŠE.KUR.RA (𒀯𒀲𒆳𒊏) is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism.		<sup>mul</sup>ANŠE.KUR.RA (𒀯𒀲𒆳𒊏) is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism.

Sushoff at 14:36, 22 January 2026

2026-01-22T14:36:51Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:36, 22 January 2026
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	Authors: Gennady E. Kurtik, {{PAGEAUTHORS}}		Authors: Gennady Kurtik, {{PAGEAUTHORS}}, Euin Choung Kim
	----		----
	<sup>mul</sup>ANŠE.KUR.RA (𒀯𒀲𒆳𒊏) is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism.		<sup>mul</sup>ANŠE.KUR.RA (𒀯𒀲𒆳𒊏) is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism.

JanSafford at 18:28, 18 January 2026

2026-01-18T18:28:30Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:28, 18 January 2026
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	* List of the stars of Enlil (no. 29):		* List of the stars of Enlil (no. 29):
	** MUL ''ša<sub>2</sub> ina'' GUB<sub>3</sub>''-šu''<sub>2</sub> GUB-''zu'' <sup>mul</sup>ANŠE.KUR.RA		** MUL ''ša<sub>2</sub> ina'' GUB<sub>3</sub>''-šu''<sub>2</sub> GUB-''zu'' <sup>mul</sup>ANŠE.KUR.RA
	** "The star that stands on its (i.e. <sup>mul</sup>UD.KA.DU<sub>8</sub>.A) left side: the Horse" (I i 30) [MA 27].		** "The star that stands on its (i.e. <sup>mul</sup>UD.KA.DU<sub>8</sub>.A) left side: the Horse" (I i 30) [Hunger and Steele (2019), 27].
	\| MUL.APIN I i 29-32 lists a set of constellations as entourage of the UD.KA.DU<sub>8</sub>.A-demon: <blockquote>"The asterism which stands at its right side: the Pig, Damu. The asterism which stands at its left side: the Horse. The asterism which stands behind it: The Stag, [...]. The dusky stars which stand in the breast of the Stag: ...". </blockquote>The image of the UD.KA.DU<sub>8</sub>.A-demon can be attached to the stars because its heel (λ And) and its breast (α Cyg) are well-determined ''ziqpu''-stars. Thus, the Horse and the Pig can be arranged according to the text at the demon's left and right side, squeezed in between the well-defined constellations of [[IKU]], [[APIN]], and [[Anunitu]].[[File:UDKADUHA+.jpg\|alt=stellarium map of the area of UD.KA.DUḪ.A\|thumb\|UD.KA.DU<sub>8</sub>.A and its entourage in Stellarium: The Horse, The Stag, The Pig to its left and right (paintings by Jessica Gullberg 2021). The identification of The Pig is uncertain; it could also be in the area of Delphinus, but as the two stars at the end of Sagitta form a pair like a pig's nose, this orientation was chosen. The terms "left" and "right" are not well defined, especially with regard to a figure that is seen from the side.]]		\| MUL.APIN I i 29-32 lists a set of constellations as entourage of the UD.KA.DU<sub>8</sub>.A-demon: <blockquote>"The asterism which stands at its right side: the Pig, Damu. The asterism which stands at its left side: the Horse. The asterism which stands behind it: The Stag, [...]. The dusky stars which stand in the breast of the Stag: ...". </blockquote>The image of the UD.KA.DU<sub>8</sub>.A-demon can be attached to the stars because its heel (λ And) and its breast (α Cyg) are well-determined ''ziqpu''-stars. Thus, the Horse and the Pig can be arranged according to the text at the demon's left and right side, squeezed in between the well-defined constellations of [[IKU]], [[APIN]], and [[Anunitu]].[[File:UDKADUHA+.jpg\|alt=stellarium map of the area of UD.KA.DUḪ.A\|thumb\|UD.KA.DU<sub>8</sub>.A and its entourage in Stellarium: The Horse, The Stag, The Pig to its left and right (paintings by Jessica Gullberg 2021). The identification of The Pig is uncertain; it could also be in the area of Delphinus, but as the two stars at the end of Sagitta form a pair like a pig's nose, this orientation was chosen. The terms "left" and "right" are not well defined, especially with regard to a figure that is seen from the side.]]
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JanSafford at 18:22, 18 January 2026

2026-01-18T18:22:09Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:22, 18 January 2026
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	\| '''Dalbanna-text.'''		\| '''Dalbanna-text.'''
	* '''§e.''' mul x [x x x x x x] ˹mul<sup>!</sup>˺ sag ˹anše.kur.ra˺ ''u'' <sup>mul</sup>sim.maḫ 4 mul.meš [x x x x x 2 da]l.ba.an.na dal.ba.an.na <sup>mul</sup>sag sim.m[aḫ x x x] x dal. ba.an.na murub<sub>4</sub> suḫuš ''ki-lal-la-an ma''[''ḫ-ru'']		* '''§e.''' mul x [x x x x x x] ˹mul<sup>!</sup>˺ sag ˹anše.kur.ra˺ ''u'' <sup>mul</sup>sim.maḫ 4 mul.meš [x x x x x 2 da]l.ba.an.na dal.ba.an.na <sup>mul</sup>sag sim.m[aḫ x x x] x dal. ba.an.na murub<sub>4</sub> suḫuš ''ki-lal-la-an ma''[''ḫ-ru'']
	* "Asterism [...] (7 And, β Cas) head of Horse and Swallow (β,ε Peg): 4 stars [...2 in]tervals, interval. Swall[ow’s] head x interval. Middle (and?) foundation, both first[s]." [Walker 1995, 36; ~~ASM~~, 108]; according to [Koch 1995, 48, 61],		* "Asterism [...] (7 And, β Cas) head of Horse and Swallow (β,ε Peg): 4 stars [...2 in]tervals, interval. Swall[ow’s] head x interval. Middle (and?) foundation, both first[s]." [Walker 1995, 36; Hunger and Pingree 1999, 108]; according to [Koch 1995, 48, 61],
	* mul<sub>x</sub> [x x] = <sup>mul</sup>''z''[''ap-pi šaḫ'']<sup>?</sup> "Pig’s Bristle" (7 And), [x x x x] = [<sup>mul</sup>tir.an.na]<sup>?</sup> "[Rainbow]" (β Cas), ˹mul<sup>ǃ</sup>˺ sag ˹anše.kur.ra˺ = (β Peg), <sup>mul</sup>sim.maḫ = (ω Psc), <sup>mul</sup>sag sim.m[aḫ] = (ε Peg).		* mul<sub>x</sub> [x x] = <sup>mul</sup>''z''[''ap-pi šaḫ'']<sup>?</sup> "Pig’s Bristle" (7 And), [x x x x] = [<sup>mul</sup>tir.an.na]<sup>?</sup> "[Rainbow]" (β Cas), ˹mul<sup>ǃ</sup>˺ sag ˹anše.kur.ra˺ = (β Peg), <sup>mul</sup>sim.maḫ = (ω Psc), <sup>mul</sup>sag sim.m[aḫ] = (ε Peg).
	\| These sections of the text remain unclear.		\| These sections of the text remain unclear.
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	! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" \| Gössmann (1950)		! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" \| Gössmann (1950)
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	\| = sīsû «Конь» [BPO 2, 10; G. 32]; созвездия в области Пегаса (Pegasus) или Кассиопеи (Cassiopeia). \|\|		\| = sīsû «Конь» [BPO 2, 10; Gössmann 1950, 32]; созвездия в области Пегаса (Pegasus) или Кассиопеи (Cassiopeia). \|\|
	\|-		\|-
	\| MUL.APIN. Список звезд Энлиля (№ 29): MUL ša<sub>2</sub> ina GUB<sub>3</sub>-šu<sub>2</sub> GUB-zu <sup>mul</sup>ANŠE.KUR.RA «Звезда, которая стоит с его (т.е. mulUD.KA.DU8.A) левой стороны: Конь» (I i 30) [MA 27]. «Большой список звезд». <sup>mul d</sup>im.dugud<sup>mušen</sup> = <sup>mul</sup>anše.kur.ra «Птица Анзу = Конь» [Mesop.Astrol., App. B:159; Weidner 1959–60, 107:21, 108]; параллель см. [SpTU I, 50:36]. Список звезд VR 46, 1:20. <sup>mul</sup>anše.kur.ra = <sup>d</sup>im.dugud<sup>mušen</sup> «Конь = птица Анзу», см. также [HBA 51:20; Wee 2016, 162–3:20]; параллель см. [SpTU I, 50:36]; тождество в BM 52938: an-zu-u<sub>2</sub> = si-su-[u<sub>2</sub>] [CAD S, 334а]. Dalbanna-текст. §e. mul x [x x x x x x] ˹mul<sup>!</sup>˺ sag ˹anše.kur.ra˺ u <sup>mul</sup>sim.maḫ 4 mul.meš [x x x x x 2 da]l.ba.an.na dal.ba.an.na <sup>mul</sup>sag sim.m[aḫ x x x x] x dal.ba.an.na murub<sub>4</sub> suḫuš ki-lal-la-an ma[ḫ-ru] «Звезда […] (7 And, β Cas) голова Коня и Ласточка (β,ε Peg): 4 звезды […2 ин]тервала, интервал. Голова Ласточ[ки …] x интервал. Середина (и?) основание, оба пер[вые].» [Walker 1995, 36; ~~ASM~~, 108]; согласно [Koch 1995, 48, 61], mulx [x x] = <sup>mul</sup>z[ap-pi šaḫ]<sup>?</sup> «Щетина Свиньи» (7 And), [x x x x] = [<sup>mul</sup>tir.an.na]<sup>?</sup> «[Радуга]» (β Cas), ˹mul<sup>!</sup>˺ sag ˹anše.kur.ra˺ = (β Peg), <sup>mul</sup>sim.maḫ = (ω Psc), <sup>mul</sup>sag sim.m[aḫ] = (ε Peg). В астрологическом комментарии: eq(TUG<sup>!</sup>)-bu ša<sub>2</sub> <sup>mul</sup>ANŠE.KUR.RA «Копыто Лошади» [ACh Ištar, 34:19; CAD S, 334a]. \|\|		\| MUL.APIN. Список звезд Энлиля (№ 29): MUL ša<sub>2</sub> ina GUB<sub>3</sub>-šu<sub>2</sub> GUB-zu <sup>mul</sup>ANŠE.KUR.RA «Звезда, которая стоит с его (т.е. mulUD.KA.DU8.A) левой стороны: Конь» (I i 30) [Hunger and Steele (2019), 27]. «Большой список звезд». <sup>mul d</sup>im.dugud<sup>mušen</sup> = <sup>mul</sup>anše.kur.ra «Птица Анзу = Конь» [Mesop.Astrol., App. B:159; Weidner 1959–60, 107:21, 108]; параллель см. [SpTU I, 50:36]. Список звезд VR 46, 1:20. <sup>mul</sup>anše.kur.ra = <sup>d</sup>im.dugud<sup>mušen</sup> «Конь = птица Анзу», см. также [HBA 51:20; Wee 2016, 162–3:20]; параллель см. [SpTU I, 50:36]; тождество в BM 52938: an-zu-u<sub>2</sub> = si-su-[u<sub>2</sub>] [CAD S, 334а]. Dalbanna-текст. §e. mul x [x x x x x x] ˹mul<sup>!</sup>˺ sag ˹anše.kur.ra˺ u <sup>mul</sup>sim.maḫ 4 mul.meš [x x x x x 2 da]l.ba.an.na dal.ba.an.na <sup>mul</sup>sag sim.m[aḫ x x x x] x dal.ba.an.na murub<sub>4</sub> suḫuš ki-lal-la-an ma[ḫ-ru] «Звезда […] (7 And, β Cas) голова Коня и Ласточка (β,ε Peg): 4 звезды […2 ин]тервала, интервал. Голова Ласточ[ки …] x интервал. Середина (и?) основание, оба пер[вые].» [Walker 1995, 36; Hunger and Pingree 1999, 108]; согласно [Koch 1995, 48, 61], mulx [x x] = <sup>mul</sup>z[ap-pi šaḫ]<sup>?</sup> «Щетина Свиньи» (7 And), [x x x x] = [<sup>mul</sup>tir.an.na]<sup>?</sup> «[Радуга]» (β Cas), ˹mul<sup>!</sup>˺ sag ˹anše.kur.ra˺ = (β Peg), <sup>mul</sup>sim.maḫ = (ω Psc), <sup>mul</sup>sag sim.m[aḫ] = (ε Peg). В астрологическом комментарии: eq(TUG<sup>!</sup>)-bu ša<sub>2</sub> <sup>mul</sup>ANŠE.KUR.RA «Копыто Лошади» [ACh Ištar, 34:19; CAD S, 334a]. \|\|
	\|-		\|-
	\|II. Божество.		\|II. Божество.
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	IV. Отождествление.		IV. Отождествление.

	= Equuleus [G. 32; Weidner 1957–59, 79a];		= Equuleus [Gössmann 1950, 32; Weidner 1957–59, 79a];

	= α, β, γ, δ+ Cassiopeiae (?) [MA, 138];		= α, β, γ, δ+ Cassiopeiae (?) [Hunger and Steele (2019), 138];

	= β, η, ι, κ, λ, μ Pegasi [Koch 1995, 61, Anm. 20];		= β, η, ι, κ, λ, μ Pegasi [Koch 1995, 61, Anm. 20];
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	= часть Кассиопеи (Cassiopeia) [Mesop.Astrol., 207, App. C];		= часть Кассиопеи (Cassiopeia) [Mesop.Astrol., 207, App. C];

	= α, β, γ, δ Cassiopeiae [~~ASM~~, 273];		= α, β, γ, δ Cassiopeiae [Hunger and Pingree 1999, 273];

	= Пегас и Кассиопея [Beaulieu et al. 2018, 71].		= Пегас и Кассиопея [Beaulieu et al. 2018, 71].

Sushoff at 06:58, 17 January 2026

2026-01-17T06:58:32Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:58, 17 January 2026
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			Authors: Gennady E. Kurtik, {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
			----
	<sup>mul</sup>ANŠE.KUR.RA (𒀯𒀲𒆳𒊏) is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism.		<sup>mul</sup>ANŠE.KUR.RA (𒀯𒀲𒆳𒊏) is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism.

Sushoff at 14:14, 12 December 2025

2025-12-12T14:14:52Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:14, 12 December 2025
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	<sup>mul</sup>ANŠE.KUR.RA (𒀯𒀲𒆳𒊏) is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism.		<sup>mul</sup>ANŠE.KUR.RA (𒀯𒀲𒆳𒊏) is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism.

	==Concordance, Etymology, History==		==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==
	~~=== Krebernik~~ (~~2023~~) ===		ANŠE.KUR.RA = ''sisû'' “horse”.
	ANŠE.KUR.RA = ''sisû'' “horse”. ~~<sup>mul</sup>ANŠE.KUR.RA (EN 29r).~~

	~~=== Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim ===~~		= ''sīsû'' "horse" [BPO 2, 10; Gössmann 32, Hoffmann and Krebernik 2023]; a constellation in the vicinity of [[Cepheus]]
	= ''sīsû'' "horse" [BPO 2, 10; G. 32]; a constellation in the vicinity of [[Cepheus]]

	(historically also identified with stars in [[Pegasus]] but this is less likely, as it would overlap with other constellations which are given next to it in some texts).		(historically also identified with stars in [[Pegasus]] but this is less likely, as it would overlap with other constellations which are given next to it in some texts).

HermannHunger at 16:47, 11 December 2025

2025-12-11T16:47:05Z

Sushoff: /* Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim */

2025-12-03T20:23:37Z

Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:23, 3 December 2025
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	=== Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim ===		=== Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim ===
	= ''sīsû'' "horse" [BPO 2, 10; G. 32]; a constellation in the vicinity of [[Cepheus]] or [[Pegasus]].		= ''sīsû'' "horse" [BPO 2, 10; G. 32]; a constellation in the vicinity of [[Cepheus]]

			(historically also identified with stars in [[Pegasus]] but this is less likely, as it would overlap with other constellations which are given next to it in some texts).

	==== Sources and Identification(s) ====		==== Sources and Identification(s) ====

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:47, 11 December 2025
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	* List of the stars of Enlil (no. 29):		* List of the stars of Enlil (no. 29):
	** MUL ''ša<sub>2</sub> ina'' GUB<sub>3</sub>''-šu''<sub>2</sub> GUB-''zu'' <sup>mul</sup>ANŠE.KUR.RA		** MUL ''ša<sub>2</sub> ina'' GUB<sub>3</sub>''-šu''<sub>2</sub> GUB-''zu'' <sup>mul</sup>ANŠE.KUR.RA
	** "The star that stands ~~in it~~ (i.e. <sup>mul</sup>UD.KA.DU<sub>8</sub>.A) left side: the Horse" (I i 30) [MA 27].		** "The star that stands on its (i.e. <sup>mul</sup>UD.KA.DU<sub>8</sub>.A) left side: the Horse" (I i 30) [MA 27].
	\| MUL.APIN I i 29-32 lists a set of constellations as entourage of the UD.KA.DU<sub>8</sub>.A-demon: <blockquote>"The asterism which stands at its right side: the Pig, Damu. The asterism which stands at its left side: the Horse. The asterism which stands behind it: The Stag, [...]. The dusky stars which stand in the breast of the Stag: ...". </blockquote>The image of the UD.KA.DU<sub>8</sub>.A-demon can be attached to the stars because its heel (λ And) and its ~~breat~~ (α Cyg) are well-determined ''ziqpu''-stars. Thus, the Horse and the Pig can be arranged according to the text at the demon's left and right side, squeezed in between the well-defined constellations of [[IKU]], [[APIN]], and [[Anunitu]].[[File:UDKADUHA+.jpg\|alt=stellarium map of the area of UD.KA.DUḪ.A\|thumb\|UD.KA.DU<sub>8</sub>.A and its entourage in Stellarium: The Horse, The Stag, The Pig to its left and right (paintings by Jessica Gullberg 2021). The identification of The Pig is uncertain; it could also be in the area of Delphinus, but as the two stars at the end of Sagitta form a pair like a pig's nose, this orientation was chosen. The terms "left" and "right" are not well defined, especially with regard to a figure that is seen from the side.]]		\| MUL.APIN I i 29-32 lists a set of constellations as entourage of the UD.KA.DU<sub>8</sub>.A-demon: <blockquote>"The asterism which stands at its right side: the Pig, Damu. The asterism which stands at its left side: the Horse. The asterism which stands behind it: The Stag, [...]. The dusky stars which stand in the breast of the Stag: ...". </blockquote>The image of the UD.KA.DU<sub>8</sub>.A-demon can be attached to the stars because its heel (λ And) and its breast (α Cyg) are well-determined ''ziqpu''-stars. Thus, the Horse and the Pig can be arranged according to the text at the demon's left and right side, squeezed in between the well-defined constellations of [[IKU]], [[APIN]], and [[Anunitu]].[[File:UDKADUHA+.jpg\|alt=stellarium map of the area of UD.KA.DUḪ.A\|thumb\|UD.KA.DU<sub>8</sub>.A and its entourage in Stellarium: The Horse, The Stag, The Pig to its left and right (paintings by Jessica Gullberg 2021). The identification of The Pig is uncertain; it could also be in the area of Delphinus, but as the two stars at the end of Sagitta form a pair like a pig's nose, this orientation was chosen. The terms "left" and "right" are not well defined, especially with regard to a figure that is seen from the side.]]
	\|-		\|-
	\|'''"The Great Star List and ~~Miscellenia~~".'''		\|'''"The Great Star List and Miscellania".'''
	* <sup>mul</sup> <sup>d</sup>im.dugud<sup>mušen</sup> = <sup>mul</sup>anše.kur.ra "		* <sup>mul</sup> <sup>d</sup>im.dugud<sup>mušen</sup> = <sup>mul</sup>anše.kur.ra "
	* Anzu bird = Horse". [Mesop.Astrol., App. B:159; Weidner 1959-60, 107:21, 108]; for a parallel see. [SpTU I, 50:36].		* Anzu bird = Horse". [Mesop.Astrol., App. B:159; Weidner 1959-60, 107:21, 108]; for a parallel see. [SpTU I, 50:36].
	\|[[File:2017-08-01 Lion-headed Imdugud (Anzu) Bird on Top of Two Stags, c. 2500 BC.jpg\|alt=photograph\|thumb\|Mesopotamia 6000-1500 BC Gallery, British Museum, London, England, UK. Complete indexed photo collection at WorldHistoryPics.com.]][[File:Middle Assyrian winged horse cylinder seal.png\|thumb\|Cylinder seal and modern impression: winged horse with claws and horns. Ca. 14th–13th century BCE. Middle Assyrian.]]By the classical period the Horse constellation in Assyria and Babylonia came to be a Greek Pegasus-like figure identified with Sumerian <sup>mul</sup>IM.DUGUD = ''anzû''. Earlier the IM.DUGUD. <sup>mul</sup>IM.DUGUD = ''anzû'' ~~althought~~ the earlier flying constellation was depicted as a Lion headed eagle.		\|[[File:2017-08-01 Lion-headed Imdugud (Anzu) Bird on Top of Two Stags, c. 2500 BC.jpg\|alt=photograph\|thumb\|Mesopotamia 6000-1500 BC Gallery, British Museum, London, England, UK. Complete indexed photo collection at WorldHistoryPics.com.]][[File:Middle Assyrian winged horse cylinder seal.png\|thumb\|Cylinder seal and modern impression: winged horse with claws and horns. Ca. 14th–13th century BCE. Middle Assyrian.]]By the classical period the Horse constellation in Assyria and Babylonia came to be a Greek Pegasus-like figure identified with Sumerian <sup>mul</sup>IM.DUGUD = ''anzû''. Earlier the IM.DUGUD. <sup>mul</sup>IM.DUGUD = ''anzû'' although the earlier flying constellation was depicted as a Lion-headed eagle.
	\|-		\|-
	\|'''List of stars VR 46, 1:20.'''		\|'''List of stars VR 46, 1:20.'''
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	==== III. Symbol. ====		==== III. Symbol. ====
	The identification of this constellation with Pegasus suggested by J. Koch (see section IV) '''''(if it took place in reality!?)''''' suggests that at the period when Mesopotamian tradition connected with the stars was known to the Greeks (8-5 cc. BCE) the figure of horse was already considered as its symbol in Mesopotamia. The images of the horse's head on the ~~kudurru~~ see [Seidl 1968. [Seidl 1968, 145, XXIX; Kurtik 2007, fig. 8].		The identification of this constellation with Pegasus suggested by J. Koch (see section IV) '''''(if it took place in reality!?)''''' suggests that at the period when Mesopotamian tradition connected with the stars was known to the Greeks (8-5 cc. BCE) the figure of horse was already considered as its symbol in Mesopotamia. The images of the horse's head on the kudurrus see [Seidl 1968. [Seidl 1968, 145, XXIX; Kurtik 2007, fig. 8].

	== Historical Dictionaries ==		== Historical Dictionaries ==