BURANUN - Revision history

YoulaAzkarrula at 01:00, 16 May 2026

2026-05-16T01:00:18Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:00, 16 May 2026
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	==References==		==References==
	*[[References (Babylonian)\|Kurtik's references]]		*[[References (Babylonian)\|Kurtik's references]]
	[[Category:Mesopotamian]][[Category:Sumerian]] [[Category:West Asian]] [[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:Cuneiform]]		[[Category:Mesopotamian]][[Category:Sumerian]] [[Category:West Asian]] [[Category:Asian]][[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:Cuneiform]] [[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]]
	[[Category:Psc]]		[[Category:Psc]] [[Category:Peg]]

WayneHorowitz: Hoffmann and Horowitz 2023 is our NABU article on the Ekur.

2026-05-14T13:39:48Z

Hoffmann and Horowitz 2023 is our NABU article on the Ekur.

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:39, 14 May 2026
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	----		----
	[[File:RiversPlt labelled.jpg\|thumb\|The two rivers of Mesopotamia with Babylon roughly at the closest encounter (equalling the knot of the cords in the sky).]]		[[File:RiversPlt labelled.jpg\|thumb\|The two rivers of Mesopotamia with Babylon roughly at the closest encounter (equalling the knot of the cords in the sky).]]
	<sup>mul íd</sup>BURANUN (𒀯𒀀𒇉𒌓𒄒𒉣) = ''purattu'' is a is a set of stars in the western portion of the [[Pisces]] and [[Pegasus]] (Psc + Peg) that is identified with the Euphrates River. The association of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers with the two Babylonian asterisms that comprise modern Pisces, [[Anunitu\|Anunitum]] for the Euphrates and ‘The Swallow,’ for the Tigris, derives from a sense that the shape of the Tigris and Euphrates river system on Earth in Babylonia, two diverging lines that meet at their middle, mirrors that of a swallow-tail in the sky (see figure, [[SIM.MAḪ]]). Thus, the canal systems of southern Babylonia, which connect the two rivers can be thought of as parallel on earth to the knot that ties the asterism of the two tails in the heavens. For ‘[[Anunitu\|Anunitum]],’ the Euphrates’ constellation connected with fish and aquatic themes see [Beaulieu et al. 2018<ref>Beaulieu, P.-A., Frahm, E., Horowitz, W. & Steele, J. (2018), The Cuneiform Uranology Texts: Drawing the Constellations, American Philosophical Society Press, Philadelphia, USA.</ref>, pp. 42-43]. A similar connection concerning shapes in the sky and shapes on earth is known for the Esagil temple in Babylon and <sup>mul</sup>[[IKU\|iku,]] 'The Field' in [[Pegasus]] '''(~~WAYNE PUT in Reference~~''').		<sup>mul íd</sup>BURANUN (𒀯𒀀𒇉𒌓𒄒𒉣) = ''purattu'' is a is a set of stars in the western portion of the [[Pisces]] and [[Pegasus]] (Psc + Peg) that is identified with the Euphrates River. The association of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers with the two Babylonian asterisms that comprise modern Pisces, [[Anunitu\|Anunitum]] for the Euphrates and ‘The Swallow,’ for the Tigris, derives from a sense that the shape of the Tigris and Euphrates river system on Earth in Babylonia, two diverging lines that meet at their middle, mirrors that of a swallow-tail in the sky (see figure, [[SIM.MAḪ]]). Thus, the canal systems of southern Babylonia, which connect the two rivers can be thought of as parallel on earth to the knot that ties the asterism of the two tails in the heavens. For ‘[[Anunitu\|Anunitum]],’ the Euphrates’ constellation connected with fish and aquatic themes see [Beaulieu et al. 2018<ref>Beaulieu, P.-A., Frahm, E., Horowitz, W. & Steele, J. (2018), The Cuneiform Uranology Texts: Drawing the Constellations, American Philosophical Society Press, Philadelphia, USA.</ref>, pp. 42-43]. A similar connection concerning shapes in the sky and shapes on earth is known for the Esagil temple in Babylon and <sup>mul</sup>[[IKU\|iku,]] 'The Field' in [[Pegasus]] '''(see Hoffmann and Horowitz 2023: 142-143).'''

	==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==		==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==

WayneHorowitz at 13:05, 14 May 2026

2026-05-14T13:05:42Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:05, 14 May 2026
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	----		----
	[[File:RiversPlt labelled.jpg\|thumb\|The two rivers of Mesopotamia with Babylon roughly at the closest encounter (equalling the knot of the cords in the sky).]]		[[File:RiversPlt labelled.jpg\|thumb\|The two rivers of Mesopotamia with Babylon roughly at the closest encounter (equalling the knot of the cords in the sky).]]
	<sup>mul íd</sup>BURANUN (𒀯𒀀𒇉𒌓𒄒𒉣) = ''purattu'' is a is a set of stars in the western portion of the [[Pisces]] and [[Pegasus]] (Psc + Peg) that is identified with the Euphrates River. The association of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers with the two Babylonian asterisms that comprise modern Pisces, [[Anunitu\|Anunitum]] for the Euphrates and ‘The Swallow,’ for the Tigris, derives from a sense that the shape of the Tigris and Euphrates river system on Earth in Babylonia, two diverging lines that meet at their middle, mirrors that of a swallow-tail in the sky (see figure, [[SIM.MAḪ]]). Thus, the canal systems of southern Babylonia, which connect the two rivers can be thought of as parallel on earth to the knot that ties the asterism of the two tails in the heavens. For ‘[[Anunitu\|Anunitum]],’ the Euphrates’ constellation connected with fish and aquatic themes see [Beaulieu et al. 2018<ref>Beaulieu, P.-A., Frahm, E., Horowitz, W. & Steele, J. (2018), The Cuneiform Uranology Texts: Drawing the Constellations, American Philosophical Society Press, Philadelphia, USA.</ref>, pp. 42-43]. A similar connection is known for the ~~city of~~ Babylon ~~itself~~ and <sup>mul</sup>[[IKU\|iku,]] 'The Field' in [[Pegasus]].		<sup>mul íd</sup>BURANUN (𒀯𒀀𒇉𒌓𒄒𒉣) = ''purattu'' is a is a set of stars in the western portion of the [[Pisces]] and [[Pegasus]] (Psc + Peg) that is identified with the Euphrates River. The association of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers with the two Babylonian asterisms that comprise modern Pisces, [[Anunitu\|Anunitum]] for the Euphrates and ‘The Swallow,’ for the Tigris, derives from a sense that the shape of the Tigris and Euphrates river system on Earth in Babylonia, two diverging lines that meet at their middle, mirrors that of a swallow-tail in the sky (see figure, [[SIM.MAḪ]]). Thus, the canal systems of southern Babylonia, which connect the two rivers can be thought of as parallel on earth to the knot that ties the asterism of the two tails in the heavens. For ‘[[Anunitu\|Anunitum]],’ the Euphrates’ constellation connected with fish and aquatic themes see [Beaulieu et al. 2018<ref>Beaulieu, P.-A., Frahm, E., Horowitz, W. & Steele, J. (2018), The Cuneiform Uranology Texts: Drawing the Constellations, American Philosophical Society Press, Philadelphia, USA.</ref>, pp. 42-43]. A similar connection concerning shapes in the sky and shapes on earth is known for the Esagil temple in Babylon and <sup>mul</sup>[[IKU\|iku,]] 'The Field' in [[Pegasus]] '''(WAYNE PUT in Reference''').

	==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==		==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==
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	\|-		\|-
	\|'''Uranologies'''		\|'''Uranologies'''
	* MLC 1866ː [MU]L.MEŠ <sup>íd</sup>IDIGNA ''u'' <sup>íd</sup>BURANUN<sup>ki</sup> ''ina ṣip-ri'' <sup>mul</sup>ZIB<sup><me></sup>		* MLC 1866ː [MU]L.MEŠ <sup>íd</sup>IDIGNA ''u'' <sup>íd</sup>BURANUN<sup>ki</sup> ''ina ṣip-ri'' <sup>mul</sup>ZIB<sup><me></sup>, "The stars of the Tigris and the Euphrates at the tip of the Tails" (D i 8) [Beaulieu et al.<ref>Beaulieu, P.-A., Frahm, E., Horowitz, W. & Steele, J. (2018), The Cuneiform Uranology Texts: Drawing the Constellations, American Philosophical Society Press, Philadelphia, USA.</ref>, 2018, 35, 39, Section A].
	* "The stars of the Tigris and the Euphrates at the tip of the Tails" (D i 8) [Beaulieu et al.<ref>Beaulieu, P.-A., Frahm, E., Horowitz, W. & Steele, J. (2018), The Cuneiform Uranology Texts: Drawing the Constellations, American Philosophical Society Press, Philadelphia, USA.</ref>, 2018, 35, 39, Section A].
	\|}		\|}
	The identification of the Tigris and Euphrates appears quite late, not earlier than the beginning of the 1st millennium BCE, as it is absent in Urra XXII. See also (Kurtik a18) [[AL.LUL]], (Kurtik s19) [[SIM.MAḪ]].		The identification of the Tigris and Euphrates appears quite late, not earlier than the beginning of the 1st millennium BCE, as it is absent in Urra XXII. See also (Kurtik a18) [[AL.LUL]], (Kurtik s19) [[SIM.MAḪ]].

Sushoff at 14:48, 13 May 2026

2026-05-13T14:48:11Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:48, 13 May 2026
Line 2:		Line 2:
	----		----
	[[File:RiversPlt labelled.jpg\|thumb\|The two rivers of Mesopotamia with Babylon roughly at the closest encounter (equalling the knot of the cords in the sky).]]		[[File:RiversPlt labelled.jpg\|thumb\|The two rivers of Mesopotamia with Babylon roughly at the closest encounter (equalling the knot of the cords in the sky).]]
	<sup>mul íd</sup>BURANUN (𒀯𒀀𒇉𒌓𒄒𒉣) = ''purattu'' is a is a set of stars in the western portion of the [[Pisces]] and [[Pegasus]] (Psc + Peg) that is identified with the Euphrates River. The association of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers with the two Babylonian asterisms ~~that~~ comprise ~~classical~~ Pisces, [[Anunitum]] for the Euphrates and ‘The Swallow,’ for the Tigris, derives from a sense that the shape of the Tigris and Euphrates river system on Earth in Babylonia, two diverging lines that meet at their middle, mirrors that of ~~classical Pisces~~ in the sky (see figure). Thus, the canal systems of southern Babylonia which connect the two rivers can be thought of as parallel on earth to the knot that ties the two tails ~~of bird and fish-shaped asterisms~~ in the heavens. For ‘[[Anunitu\|Anunitum]],’ the Euphrates’ constellation connected with fish and aquatic themes see [Beaulieu et al. 2018<ref>Beaulieu, P.-A., Frahm, E., Horowitz, W. & Steele, J. (2018), The Cuneiform Uranology Texts: Drawing the Constellations, American Philosophical Society Press, Philadelphia, USA.</ref>, pp. 42-43]. A similar connection is known for the city of Babylon itself and <sup>mul</sup>[[iku,]] 'The Field' in [[Pegasus]].		<sup>mul íd</sup>BURANUN (𒀯𒀀𒇉𒌓𒄒𒉣) = ''purattu'' is a is a set of stars in the western portion of the [[Pisces]] and [[Pegasus]] (Psc + Peg) that is identified with the Euphrates River. The association of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers with the two Babylonian asterisms that comprise modern Pisces, [[Anunitu\|Anunitum]] for the Euphrates and ‘The Swallow,’ for the Tigris, derives from a sense that the shape of the Tigris and Euphrates river system on Earth in Babylonia, two diverging lines that meet at their middle, mirrors that of a swallow-tail in the sky (see figure, [[SIM.MAḪ]]). Thus, the canal systems of southern Babylonia, which connect the two rivers can be thought of as parallel on earth to the knot that ties the asterism of the two tails in the heavens. For ‘[[Anunitu\|Anunitum]],’ the Euphrates’ constellation connected with fish and aquatic themes see [Beaulieu et al. 2018<ref>Beaulieu, P.-A., Frahm, E., Horowitz, W. & Steele, J. (2018), The Cuneiform Uranology Texts: Drawing the Constellations, American Philosophical Society Press, Philadelphia, USA.</ref>, pp. 42-43]. A similar connection is known for the city of Babylon itself and <sup>mul</sup>[[IKU\|iku,]] 'The Field' in [[Pegasus]].

	==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==		==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==
	Var. reading: <sup>mul íd</sup>UD.KIB.NUN.KI; = Purattu "Euphrates" [Gössmann<ref>''Gössmann P.F''. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).</ref>, 53]		'''Var. reading:'''

			* <sup>mul íd</sup>UD.KIB.NUN.KI;
			* = Purattu "Euphrates" [Gössmann<ref>''Gössmann P.F''. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).</ref>, 53]
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|-		\|-
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	* "The stars of the Tigris and the Euphrates at the tip of the Tails" (D i 8) [Beaulieu et al.<ref>Beaulieu, P.-A., Frahm, E., Horowitz, W. & Steele, J. (2018), The Cuneiform Uranology Texts: Drawing the Constellations, American Philosophical Society Press, Philadelphia, USA.</ref>, 2018, 35, 39, Section A].		* "The stars of the Tigris and the Euphrates at the tip of the Tails" (D i 8) [Beaulieu et al.<ref>Beaulieu, P.-A., Frahm, E., Horowitz, W. & Steele, J. (2018), The Cuneiform Uranology Texts: Drawing the Constellations, American Philosophical Society Press, Philadelphia, USA.</ref>, 2018, 35, 39, Section A].
	\|}		\|}
	The identification of the Tigris and Euphrates appears quite late, not earlier than the beginning of the 1st millennium BC, as it is absent in Urra XXII. See also (Kurtik a18) [[AL.LUL]], (Kurtik s19) [[SIM.MAḪ]].		The identification of the Tigris and Euphrates appears quite late, not earlier than the beginning of the 1st millennium BCE, as it is absent in Urra XXII. See also (Kurtik a18) [[AL.LUL]], (Kurtik s19) [[SIM.MAḪ]].

	===Historical Dictionaries===		===Historical Dictionaries===

WayneHorowitz at 07:37, 10 May 2026

2026-05-10T07:37:28Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:37, 10 May 2026
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	* "The stars of the Tigris and the Euphrates at the tip of the Tails" (D i 8) [Beaulieu et al.<ref>Beaulieu, P.-A., Frahm, E., Horowitz, W. & Steele, J. (2018), The Cuneiform Uranology Texts: Drawing the Constellations, American Philosophical Society Press, Philadelphia, USA.</ref>, 2018, 35, 39, Section A].		* "The stars of the Tigris and the Euphrates at the tip of the Tails" (D i 8) [Beaulieu et al.<ref>Beaulieu, P.-A., Frahm, E., Horowitz, W. & Steele, J. (2018), The Cuneiform Uranology Texts: Drawing the Constellations, American Philosophical Society Press, Philadelphia, USA.</ref>, 2018, 35, 39, Section A].
	\|}		\|}
	The ~~name~~ appears quite late, not earlier than the beginning of the 1st millennium BC, as it is absent in Urra XXII. See also (Kurtik a18) [[AL.LUL]], (Kurtik s19) [[SIM.MAḪ]].		The identification of the Tigris and Euphrates appears quite late, not earlier than the beginning of the 1st millennium BC, as it is absent in Urra XXII. See also (Kurtik a18) [[AL.LUL]], (Kurtik s19) [[SIM.MAḪ]].

	===Historical Dictionaries===		===Historical Dictionaries===

WayneHorowitz at 07:34, 10 May 2026

2026-05-10T07:34:41Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:34, 10 May 2026
Line 2:		Line 2:
	----		----
	[[File:RiversPlt labelled.jpg\|thumb\|The two rivers of Mesopotamia with Babylon roughly at the closest encounter (equalling the knot of the cords in the sky).]]		[[File:RiversPlt labelled.jpg\|thumb\|The two rivers of Mesopotamia with Babylon roughly at the closest encounter (equalling the knot of the cords in the sky).]]
	<sup>mul íd</sup>BURANUN (𒀯𒀀𒇉𒌓𒄒𒉣) = ''purattu'' is a is a set of stars in the western portion of the [[Pisces]] and [[Pegasus]] (Psc + Peg) that is identified with the Euphrates River. The association of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers with the two Babylonian asterisms that comprise classical Pisces, Anunitum for the Euphrates and ‘The Swallow,’ for the Tigris, derives from a sense that the shape of the Tigris and Euphrates river system on Earth in Babylonia, two diverging lines that meet at their middle, mirrors that of classical Pisces in the sky (see figure). Thus, the canal systems of southern Babylonia which connect the two rivers can be thought of as parallel on earth to the knot that ties the two tails of bird and fish-shaped asterisms in the heavens. For ‘[[Anunitu\|Anunitum]],’ the Euphrates’ constellation connected with fish and aquatic themes see [Beaulieu et al. 2018<ref>Beaulieu, P.-A., Frahm, E., Horowitz, W. & Steele, J. (2018), The Cuneiform Uranology Texts: Drawing the Constellations, American Philosophical Society Press, Philadelphia, USA.</ref>, pp. 42-43].		<sup>mul íd</sup>BURANUN (𒀯𒀀𒇉𒌓𒄒𒉣) = ''purattu'' is a is a set of stars in the western portion of the [[Pisces]] and [[Pegasus]] (Psc + Peg) that is identified with the Euphrates River. The association of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers with the two Babylonian asterisms that comprise classical Pisces, [[Anunitum]] for the Euphrates and ‘The Swallow,’ for the Tigris, derives from a sense that the shape of the Tigris and Euphrates river system on Earth in Babylonia, two diverging lines that meet at their middle, mirrors that of classical Pisces in the sky (see figure). Thus, the canal systems of southern Babylonia which connect the two rivers can be thought of as parallel on earth to the knot that ties the two tails of bird and fish-shaped asterisms in the heavens. For ‘[[Anunitu\|Anunitum]],’ the Euphrates’ constellation connected with fish and aquatic themes see [Beaulieu et al. 2018<ref>Beaulieu, P.-A., Frahm, E., Horowitz, W. & Steele, J. (2018), The Cuneiform Uranology Texts: Drawing the Constellations, American Philosophical Society Press, Philadelphia, USA.</ref>, pp. 42-43]. A similar connection is known for the city of Babylon itself and <sup>mul</sup>[[iku,]] 'The Field' in [[Pegasus]].

	==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==		==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==

WayneHorowitz at 07:29, 10 May 2026

2026-05-10T07:29:20Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:29, 10 May 2026
Line 2:		Line 2:
	----		----
	[[File:RiversPlt labelled.jpg\|thumb\|The two rivers of Mesopotamia with Babylon roughly at the closest encounter (equalling the knot of the cords in the sky).]]		[[File:RiversPlt labelled.jpg\|thumb\|The two rivers of Mesopotamia with Babylon roughly at the closest encounter (equalling the knot of the cords in the sky).]]
	<sup>mul íd</sup>BURANUN (𒀯𒀀𒇉𒌓𒄒𒉣) is a ~~Mesopotamian constellation~~ in the western portion of the [[Pisces]] and [[Pegasus]] (Psc + Peg). The association of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers with the two Babylonian asterisms that comprise classical Pisces, Anunitum for the Euphrates and ‘The Swallow,’ for the Tigris, derives from a sense that the shape of the Tigris and Euphrates river system on Earth in Babylonia, two diverging lines that meet at their middle, mirrors that of classical Pisces in the sky (see figure). Thus, the canal systems of southern Babylonia which connect the two rivers can be thought of as parallel on earth to the knot that ties the two tails of bird and fish-shaped asterisms in the heavens. For ‘[[Anunitu\|Anunitum]],’ the Euphrates’ constellation connected with fish and aquatic themes see [Beaulieu et al. 2018<ref>Beaulieu, P.-A., Frahm, E., Horowitz, W. & Steele, J. (2018), The Cuneiform Uranology Texts: Drawing the Constellations, American Philosophical Society Press, Philadelphia, USA.</ref>, pp. 42-43].		<sup>mul íd</sup>BURANUN (𒀯𒀀𒇉𒌓𒄒𒉣) = ''purattu'' is a is a set of stars in the western portion of the [[Pisces]] and [[Pegasus]] (Psc + Peg) that is identified with the Euphrates River. The association of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers with the two Babylonian asterisms that comprise classical Pisces, Anunitum for the Euphrates and ‘The Swallow,’ for the Tigris, derives from a sense that the shape of the Tigris and Euphrates river system on Earth in Babylonia, two diverging lines that meet at their middle, mirrors that of classical Pisces in the sky (see figure). Thus, the canal systems of southern Babylonia which connect the two rivers can be thought of as parallel on earth to the knot that ties the two tails of bird and fish-shaped asterisms in the heavens. For ‘[[Anunitu\|Anunitum]],’ the Euphrates’ constellation connected with fish and aquatic themes see [Beaulieu et al. 2018<ref>Beaulieu, P.-A., Frahm, E., Horowitz, W. & Steele, J. (2018), The Cuneiform Uranology Texts: Drawing the Constellations, American Philosophical Society Press, Philadelphia, USA.</ref>, pp. 42-43].

	==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==		==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==

HermannHunger at 08:40, 11 April 2026

2026-04-11T08:40:36Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:40, 11 April 2026
Line 2:		Line 2:
	----		----
	[[File:RiversPlt labelled.jpg\|thumb\|The two rivers of Mesopotamia with Babylon roughly at the closest encounter (equalling the knot of the cords in the sky).]]		[[File:RiversPlt labelled.jpg\|thumb\|The two rivers of Mesopotamia with Babylon roughly at the closest encounter (equalling the knot of the cords in the sky).]]
	<sup>mul íd</sup>BURANUN (𒀯𒀀𒇉𒌓𒄒𒉣) is a Mesopotamian constellation in the western portion of the [[Pisces]] and [[Pegasus]] (Psc + Peg). The association of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers with the two Babylonian asterisms that comprise classical Pisces, Anunitum for the Euphrates ~~and~~ and ‘The Swallow,’ for the Tigris, derives from a sense that the shape of the Tigris and Euphrates river system on Earth in Babylonia, two diverging lines that meet at their middle, mirrors that of classical Pisces in the sky (see figure). Thus, the canal systems of southern Babylonia which connect the two rivers can be thought of as parallel on earth to the knot that ties the two tails of bird and fish-shaped asterisms in the heavens. For ‘[[Anunitu\|Anunitum]],’ the Euphrates’ constellation connected with fish and aquatic themes see [Beaulieu et al. 2018<ref>Beaulieu, P.-A., Frahm, E., Horowitz, W. & Steele, J. (2018), The Cuneiform Uranology Texts: Drawing the Constellations, American Philosophical Society Press, Philadelphia, USA.</ref>, pp. 42-43].		<sup>mul íd</sup>BURANUN (𒀯𒀀𒇉𒌓𒄒𒉣) is a Mesopotamian constellation in the western portion of the [[Pisces]] and [[Pegasus]] (Psc + Peg). The association of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers with the two Babylonian asterisms that comprise classical Pisces, Anunitum for the Euphrates and ‘The Swallow,’ for the Tigris, derives from a sense that the shape of the Tigris and Euphrates river system on Earth in Babylonia, two diverging lines that meet at their middle, mirrors that of classical Pisces in the sky (see figure). Thus, the canal systems of southern Babylonia which connect the two rivers can be thought of as parallel on earth to the knot that ties the two tails of bird and fish-shaped asterisms in the heavens. For ‘[[Anunitu\|Anunitum]],’ the Euphrates’ constellation connected with fish and aquatic themes see [Beaulieu et al. 2018<ref>Beaulieu, P.-A., Frahm, E., Horowitz, W. & Steele, J. (2018), The Cuneiform Uranology Texts: Drawing the Constellations, American Philosophical Society Press, Philadelphia, USA.</ref>, pp. 42-43].

	==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==		==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==
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	\|'''List of stars''' VR 46, 1:34.		\|'''List of stars''' VR 46, 1:34.

	* <sup>mul</sup>''A-nu-ni-tu''<sub>4</sub> ''u'' <sup>mul</sup>''Ši-nu-nu-tu''<sub>4</sub> = <sup>íd</sup>''~~idigna~~ u'' <sup>íd</sup>''buranun''		* <sup>mul</sup>''A-nu-ni-tu''<sub>4</sub> ''u'' <sup>mul</sup>''Ši-nu-nu-tu''<sub>4</sub> = <sup>íd</sup>idigna ''u'' <sup>íd</sup>buranun
	* "~~Anunity~~ and the Swallow = Tigris and Euphrates" [HBA<ref>''Weidner E.'' Handbuch der babylonischen Astronomie. Bd. I. Leipzig, 1915.</ref> 52:34; Wee 2016<ref>Wee, J. (2016). Virtual Moons over Babylonia: The Calendar Text System, Its Micro-Zodiac of 13, and the Making of Medical Zodiology. The Circulation of Astronomical Knowledge in the Ancient World, Ed. J. M. Steele, 139–229.</ref>, 162-3:34].		* "Anunitu and the Swallow = Tigris and Euphrates" [HBA<ref>''Weidner E.'' Handbuch der babylonischen Astronomie. Bd. I. Leipzig, 1915.</ref> 52:34; Wee 2016<ref>Wee, J. (2016). Virtual Moons over Babylonia: The Calendar Text System, Its Micro-Zodiac of 13, and the Making of Medical Zodiology. The Circulation of Astronomical Knowledge in the Ancient World, Ed. J. M. Steele, 139–229.</ref>, 162-3:34].
	\|-		\|-
	\|'''Uranologies'''		\|'''Uranologies'''
	* MLC ~~1866.~~ [MU]L.MEŠ <sup>íd</sup>IDIGNA ''u'' <sup>íd</sup>BURANUN<sup>ki</sup> ''ina ṣip-ri'' <sup>mul</sup>ZIB<sup><me></sup>		* MLC 1866ː [MU]L.MEŠ <sup>íd</sup>IDIGNA ''u'' <sup>íd</sup>BURANUN<sup>ki</sup> ''ina ṣip-ri'' <sup>mul</sup>ZIB<sup><me></sup>
	* "The stars of the Tigris and the Euphrates at the tip of the Tails" (D i 8) [Beaulieu et al.<ref>Beaulieu, P.-A., Frahm, E., Horowitz, W. & Steele, J. (2018), The Cuneiform Uranology Texts: Drawing the Constellations, American Philosophical Society Press, Philadelphia, USA.</ref>, 2018, 35, 39, Section A].		* "The stars of the Tigris and the Euphrates at the tip of the Tails" (D i 8) [Beaulieu et al.<ref>Beaulieu, P.-A., Frahm, E., Horowitz, W. & Steele, J. (2018), The Cuneiform Uranology Texts: Drawing the Constellations, American Philosophical Society Press, Philadelphia, USA.</ref>, 2018, 35, 39, Section A].
	\|}		\|}

Sushoff at 16:20, 26 March 2026

2026-03-26T16:20:46Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:20, 26 March 2026
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	Authors: ~~Gennady Kurtik,~~ {{PAGEAUTHORS}}~~, Euin Choung Kim~~		Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
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	[[File:RiversPlt labelled.jpg\|thumb\|The two rivers of Mesopotamia with Babylon roughly at the closest encounter (equalling the knot of the cords in the sky).]]		[[File:RiversPlt labelled.jpg\|thumb\|The two rivers of Mesopotamia with Babylon roughly at the closest encounter (equalling the knot of the cords in the sky).]]

Sushoff at 14:40, 22 January 2026

2026-01-22T14:40:46Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:40, 22 January 2026
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	Authors: Gennady E. Kurtik, {{PAGEAUTHORS}}		Authors: Gennady Kurtik, {{PAGEAUTHORS}}, Euin Choung Kim
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	[[File:RiversPlt labelled.jpg\|thumb\|The two rivers of Mesopotamia with Babylon roughly at the closest encounter (equalling the knot of the cords in the sky).]]		[[File:RiversPlt labelled.jpg\|thumb\|The two rivers of Mesopotamia with Babylon roughly at the closest encounter (equalling the knot of the cords in the sky).]]