Ekur - Revision history

Sushoff at 07:11, 17 January 2026

2026-01-17T07:11:38Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:11, 17 January 2026
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	Authors: ~~Gennady E. Kurtik,~~ {{PAGEAUTHORS}}		Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
	----		----
	The Ekur (''E<sub>2</sub>-kur''; 𒂍𒆳) is an ancient Mesopotamian super-constellation consisting of the group of the Standing Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.GUB.BA\|DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup>]]) and the Sitting Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.KU.A\|DIĜIR.TUŠ.A]]<sup>meš</sup>), both mentioned in MUL.APIN.		The Ekur (''E<sub>2</sub>-kur''; 𒂍𒆳) is an ancient Mesopotamian super-constellation consisting of the group of the Standing Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.GUB.BA\|DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup>]]) and the Sitting Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.KU.A\|DIĜIR.TUŠ.A]]<sup>meš</sup>), both mentioned in MUL.APIN.

Sushoff at 07:11, 17 January 2026

2026-01-17T07:11:17Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:11, 17 January 2026
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			Authors: Gennady E. Kurtik, {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
			----
	The Ekur (''E<sub>2</sub>-kur''; 𒂍𒆳) is an ancient Mesopotamian super-constellation consisting of the group of the Standing Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.GUB.BA\|DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup>]]) and the Sitting Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.KU.A\|DIĜIR.TUŠ.A]]<sup>meš</sup>), both mentioned in MUL.APIN.		The Ekur (''E<sub>2</sub>-kur''; 𒂍𒆳) is an ancient Mesopotamian super-constellation consisting of the group of the Standing Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.GUB.BA\|DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup>]]) and the Sitting Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.KU.A\|DIĜIR.TUŠ.A]]<sup>meš</sup>), both mentioned in MUL.APIN.

HermannHunger: /* Concordance, Etymology, History[1] */

2026-01-07T13:33:07Z

Concordance, Etymology, History[1]

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:33, 7 January 2026
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	==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==		==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==
	See glossary of Hoffmann and Krebernik (2023):<ref name=":0">Hoffmann, S. M. and Krebernik, M. (2023). What do deities tell us about the celestial positioning system, in: R. Rollinger, I. Madreiter, M. Lang, C. Pappi (eds.). The Intellectual Heritage of the Ancient Near East, Papers held at the 64th Rencontre Assyriologique International and 12th Melammu Symposium July 16-20 2018, Innsbruck. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 539-579</ref><blockquote><sup>mul</sup>DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup> & <sup>mul</sup>DIĜIR.TUŠ.A<sup>meš</sup>. The sumerograms are ambiguous, since the first sign can be read as DIĜIR “god” or AN “heaven”, and TUŠ can also be read DÚR (both meaning “to sit”) or KU. However, the addition of A makes the reading TUŠ virtually certain. In the same manner, BA confirms the reading of GUB.BA. The Sum. forms mean “seated, sitting” and “standing”, respectively. </blockquote><blockquote>The corresponding entries in the dictionaries are angubbû (AHw, CAD) and ''ankurû'' (CAD), ''antušû'' (AHw), respectively. The first sumerogram, which is much more common than the second, designates a type of priest and describes the function of certain (minor) deities in god lists. In the OB Ištar ritual from Mari, the DIĜIR<sup>meš</sup> DIĜIR-''gub-bu-ú'' are obviously (representations of) deities, who “sit down to the left of Ištar together with (the god) Latarak” (ii 1’-3’, see Ziegler 1997, 58). The usage in MUL.APIN, where the two expressions are connected with Enlil’s temple Ekur in Nippur (“The stars of the Standing/Sitting Gods of the Ekur”) seems to be comparable. In 5R 46: 15–16., the “Standing Gods of the Ekur” are interpreted as “Sîn and Nergal”, and the “Sitting Gods” as “Anu and Enlil”, which is not applicable to MUL.APIN. The same is true of [M]UL.DIĜIR.GUB].BA<sup>meš</sup> DIĜIR.TUŠ.A<sup>meš</sup> in Hg, where they are identified with Sîn and Šamaš (MSL 11, 41: 52). MUL.DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup> ''šu-ut'' É.KUR / MUL.DIĜIR.TUŠ.A<sup>meš</sup> ''šu-ut'' É.KUR (after EN 21).</blockquote>		See glossary of Hoffmann and Krebernik (2023):<ref name=":0">Hoffmann, S. M. and Krebernik, M. (2023). What do deities tell us about the celestial positioning system, in: R. Rollinger, I. Madreiter, M. Lang, C. Pappi (eds.). The Intellectual Heritage of the Ancient Near East, Papers held at the 64th Rencontre Assyriologique International and 12th Melammu Symposium July 16-20 2018, Innsbruck. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 539-579</ref><blockquote><sup>mul</sup>DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup> & <sup>mul</sup>DIĜIR.TUŠ.A<sup>meš</sup>. The sumerograms are ambiguous, since the first sign can be read as DIĜIR “god” or AN “heaven”, and TUŠ can also be read DÚR (both meaning “to sit”) or KU. However, the addition of A makes the reading TUŠ virtually certain. In the same manner, BA confirms the reading of GUB.BA. The Sum. forms mean “seated, sitting” and “standing”, respectively. </blockquote><blockquote>The corresponding entries in the dictionaries are ''angubbû'' (AHw, CAD) and ''ankurû'' (CAD), ''antušû'' (AHw), respectively. The first sumerogram, which is much more common than the second, designates a type of priest and describes the function of certain (minor) deities in god lists. In the OB Ištar ritual from Mari, the DIĜIR<sup>meš</sup> DIĜIR-''gub-bu-ú'' are obviously (representations of) deities, who “sit down to the left of Ištar together with (the god) Latarak” (ii 1’-3’, see Ziegler 1997, 58). The usage in MUL.APIN, where the two expressions are connected with Enlil’s temple Ekur in Nippur (“The stars of the Standing/Sitting Gods of the Ekur”) seems to be comparable. In 5R 46: 15–16., the “Standing Gods of the Ekur” are interpreted as “Sîn and Nergal”, and the “Sitting Gods” as “Anu and Enlil”, which is not applicable to MUL.APIN. The same is true of [M]UL.DIĜIR.GUB].BA<sup>meš</sup> DIĜIR.TUŠ.A<sup>meš</sup> in Hg, where they are identified with Sîn and Šamaš (MSL 11, 41: 52). MUL.DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup> ''šu-ut'' É.KUR / MUL.DIĜIR.TUŠ.A<sup>meš</sup> ''šu-ut'' É.KUR (after EN 21).</blockquote>
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"

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	*(1) The stars of Enlil (no. 21):		*(1) The stars of Enlil (no. 21):
	**<sup>mul</sup>DINGIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup> ''šu-ut E''<sub>2</sub>-''kur''		**<sup>mul</sup>DINGIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup> ''šu-ut E''<sub>2</sub>-''kur''
	**"Standing Gods of ~~the~~ Ekur" (I i 23),		**"Standing Gods of Ekur" (I i 23),
	**for a parallel see. [Horowitz 1989-90, 116, BM 54817:10'].		**for a parallel see. [Horowitz 1989-90, 116, BM 54817:10'].
	\| rowspan="2" \| [[File:EkurGodsSchema on stellarium txt.jpg\|thumb\|The constellations of "The Ekur" in Stellarium and a schema overlay: The Sitting Gods are bluish, and the Standing Gods are darker gray. The two additional Non-Ekur divine "entities" with their entourage (Susanne M Hoffmann 2025).]]		\| rowspan="2" \| [[File:EkurGodsSchema on stellarium txt.jpg\|thumb\|The constellations of "The Ekur" in Stellarium and a schema overlay: The Sitting Gods are bluish, and the Standing Gods are darker gray. The two additional Non-Ekur divine "entities" with their entourage (Susanne M Hoffmann 2025).]]
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	* Dignity		* Dignity
	*Abundant One		*Abundant One
	*~~Shupa~~		*Šupa
	\|		\|
	* Enlil		* Enlil
	** .		** .
	* ~~Enmesharra~~		* Enmešarra
	* Gamlu		* Gamlu
	* Lugalirra and Meslamta'ea		* Lugalirra and Meslamta'ea
	* ~~Alamush~~ and Ningublaga		* Alamuš and Ningublaga
	* Anu		* Anu
	* Latarak		* Latarak
Line 265:		Line 265:
	** .		** .
	*** Manzat (Rainbow)		*** Manzat (Rainbow)
	*** ~~Pashittu~~		*** Pašittu
	\|}		\|}

Sushoff at 17:33, 12 December 2025

2025-12-12T17:33:32Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:33, 12 December 2025
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	The Ekur (''E<sub>2</sub>-kur''; 𒂍𒆳) is an ancient Mesopotamian super-constellation consisting of the group of the Standing Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.GUB.BA\|DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup>]]) and the Sitting Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.KU.A\|DIĜIR.TUŠ.A]]<sup>meš</sup>), both mentioned in MUL.APIN.		The Ekur (''E<sub>2</sub>-kur''; 𒂍𒆳) is an ancient Mesopotamian super-constellation consisting of the group of the Standing Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.GUB.BA\|DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup>]]) and the Sitting Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.KU.A\|DIĜIR.TUŠ.A]]<sup>meš</sup>), both mentioned in MUL.APIN.

	==Concordance, Etymology, History==		==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==
	See glossary of Hoffmann and Krebernik (2023):<ref name=":0">Hoffmann, S. M. and Krebernik, M. (2023). What do deities tell us about the celestial positioning system, in: R. Rollinger, I. Madreiter, M. Lang, C. Pappi (eds.). The Intellectual Heritage of the Ancient Near East, Papers held at the 64th Rencontre Assyriologique International and 12th Melammu Symposium July 16-20 2018, Innsbruck. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 539-579</ref>		See glossary of Hoffmann and Krebernik (2023):<ref name=":0">Hoffmann, S. M. and Krebernik, M. (2023). What do deities tell us about the celestial positioning system, in: R. Rollinger, I. Madreiter, M. Lang, C. Pappi (eds.). The Intellectual Heritage of the Ancient Near East, Papers held at the 64th Rencontre Assyriologique International and 12th Melammu Symposium July 16-20 2018, Innsbruck. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 539-579</ref><blockquote><sup>mul</sup>DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup> & <sup>mul</sup>DIĜIR.TUŠ.A<sup>meš</sup>. The sumerograms are ambiguous, since the first sign can be read as DIĜIR “god” or AN “heaven”, and TUŠ can also be read DÚR (both meaning “to sit”) or KU. However, the addition of A makes the reading TUŠ virtually certain. In the same manner, BA confirms the reading of GUB.BA. The Sum. forms mean “seated, sitting” and “standing”, respectively. </blockquote><blockquote>The corresponding entries in the dictionaries are angubbû (AHw, CAD) and ''ankurû'' (CAD), ''antušû'' (AHw), respectively. The first sumerogram, which is much more common than the second, designates a type of priest and describes the function of certain (minor) deities in god lists. In the OB Ištar ritual from Mari, the DIĜIR<sup>meš</sup> DIĜIR-''gub-bu-ú'' are obviously (representations of) deities, who “sit down to the left of Ištar together with (the god) Latarak” (ii 1’-3’, see Ziegler 1997, 58). The usage in MUL.APIN, where the two expressions are connected with Enlil’s temple Ekur in Nippur (“The stars of the Standing/Sitting Gods of the Ekur”) seems to be comparable. In 5R 46: 15–16., the “Standing Gods of the Ekur” are interpreted as “Sîn and Nergal”, and the “Sitting Gods” as “Anu and Enlil”, which is not applicable to MUL.APIN. The same is true of [M]UL.DIĜIR.GUB].BA<sup>meš</sup> DIĜIR.TUŠ.A<sup>meš</sup> in Hg, where they are identified with Sîn and Šamaš (MSL 11, 41: 52). MUL.DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup> ''šu-ut'' É.KUR / MUL.DIĜIR.TUŠ.A<sup>meš</sup> ''šu-ut'' É.KUR (after EN 21).</blockquote>

	<sup>mul</sup>DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup> & <sup>mul</sup>DIĜIR.TUŠ.A<sup>meš</sup>. The sumerograms are ambiguous, since the first sign can be read as DIĜIR “god” or AN “heaven”, and TUŠ can also be read DÚR (both meaning “to sit”) or KU. However, the addition of A makes the reading TUŠ virtually certain. In the same manner, BA confirms the reading of GUB.BA. The Sum. forms mean “seated, sitting” and “standing”, respectively.

	The corresponding entries in the dictionaries are angubbû (AHw, CAD) and ''ankurû'' (CAD), ''antušû'' (AHw), respectively. The first sumerogram, which is much more common than the second, designates a type of priest and describes the function of certain (minor) deities in god lists. In the OB Ištar ritual from Mari, the DIĜIR<sup>meš</sup> DIĜIR-''gub-bu-ú'' are obviously (representations of) deities, who “sit down to the left of Ištar together with (the god) Latarak” (ii 1’-3’, see Ziegler 1997, 58). The usage in MUL.APIN, where the two expressions are connected with Enlil’s temple Ekur in Nippur (“The stars of the Standing/Sitting Gods of the Ekur”) seems to be comparable. In 5R 46: 15–16., the “Standing Gods of the Ekur” are interpreted as “Sîn and Nergal”, and the “Sitting Gods” as “Anu and Enlil”, which is not applicable to MUL.APIN. The same is true of [M]UL.DIĜIR.GUB].BA<sup>meš</sup> DIĜIR.TUŠ.A<sup>meš</sup> in Hg, where they are identified with Sîn and Šamaš (MSL 11, 41: 52). MUL.DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup> ''šu-ut'' É.KUR / MUL.DIĜIR.TUŠ.A<sup>meš</sup> ''šu-ut'' É.KUR (after EN 21).
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"

Sushoff at 17:32, 12 December 2025

2025-12-12T17:32:59Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:32, 12 December 2025
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	==Concordance, Etymology, History==		==Concordance, Etymology, History==
	~~=== Krebernik (2023) ===~~
	See glossary of Hoffmann and Krebernik (2023):<ref name=":0">Hoffmann, S. M. and Krebernik, M. (2023). What do deities tell us about the celestial positioning system, in: R. Rollinger, I. Madreiter, M. Lang, C. Pappi (eds.). The Intellectual Heritage of the Ancient Near East, Papers held at the 64th Rencontre Assyriologique International and 12th Melammu Symposium July 16-20 2018, Innsbruck. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 539-579</ref>		See glossary of Hoffmann and Krebernik (2023):<ref name=":0">Hoffmann, S. M. and Krebernik, M. (2023). What do deities tell us about the celestial positioning system, in: R. Rollinger, I. Madreiter, M. Lang, C. Pappi (eds.). The Intellectual Heritage of the Ancient Near East, Papers held at the 64th Rencontre Assyriologique International and 12th Melammu Symposium July 16-20 2018, Innsbruck. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 539-579</ref>

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	The corresponding entries in the dictionaries are angubbû (AHw, CAD) and ''ankurû'' (CAD), ''antušû'' (AHw), respectively. The first sumerogram, which is much more common than the second, designates a type of priest and describes the function of certain (minor) deities in god lists. In the OB Ištar ritual from Mari, the DIĜIR<sup>meš</sup> DIĜIR-''gub-bu-ú'' are obviously (representations of) deities, who “sit down to the left of Ištar together with (the god) Latarak” (ii 1’-3’, see Ziegler 1997, 58). The usage in MUL.APIN, where the two expressions are connected with Enlil’s temple Ekur in Nippur (“The stars of the Standing/Sitting Gods of the Ekur”) seems to be comparable. In 5R 46: 15–16., the “Standing Gods of the Ekur” are interpreted as “Sîn and Nergal”, and the “Sitting Gods” as “Anu and Enlil”, which is not applicable to MUL.APIN. The same is true of [M]UL.DIĜIR.GUB].BA<sup>meš</sup> DIĜIR.TUŠ.A<sup>meš</sup> in Hg, where they are identified with Sîn and Šamaš (MSL 11, 41: 52). MUL.DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup> ''šu-ut'' É.KUR / MUL.DIĜIR.TUŠ.A<sup>meš</sup> ''šu-ut'' É.KUR (after EN 21).		The corresponding entries in the dictionaries are angubbû (AHw, CAD) and ''ankurû'' (CAD), ''antušû'' (AHw), respectively. The first sumerogram, which is much more common than the second, designates a type of priest and describes the function of certain (minor) deities in god lists. In the OB Ištar ritual from Mari, the DIĜIR<sup>meš</sup> DIĜIR-''gub-bu-ú'' are obviously (representations of) deities, who “sit down to the left of Ištar together with (the god) Latarak” (ii 1’-3’, see Ziegler 1997, 58). The usage in MUL.APIN, where the two expressions are connected with Enlil’s temple Ekur in Nippur (“The stars of the Standing/Sitting Gods of the Ekur”) seems to be comparable. In 5R 46: 15–16., the “Standing Gods of the Ekur” are interpreted as “Sîn and Nergal”, and the “Sitting Gods” as “Anu and Enlil”, which is not applicable to MUL.APIN. The same is true of [M]UL.DIĜIR.GUB].BA<sup>meš</sup> DIĜIR.TUŠ.A<sup>meš</sup> in Hg, where they are identified with Sîn and Šamaš (MSL 11, 41: 52). MUL.DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup> ''šu-ut'' É.KUR / MUL.DIĜIR.TUŠ.A<sup>meš</sup> ''šu-ut'' É.KUR (after EN 21).

	~~=== Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim ===~~
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"

Sushoff at 18:34, 16 August 2025

2025-08-16T18:34:06Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:34, 16 August 2025
Line 1:		Line 1:
	The Ekur (''E<sub>2</sub>-kur''; 𒂍𒆳) is an ancient Mesopotamian super-constellation consisting of the group of the Standing Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.GUB.BA\|DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup>]]) and the Sitting Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.KU.A\|DIĜIR.TUŠ.A]]<sup>meš</sup>), both mentioned in MUL.APIN.		The Ekur (''E<sub>2</sub>-kur''; 𒂍𒆳) is an ancient Mesopotamian super-constellation consisting of the group of the Standing Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.GUB.BA\|DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup>]]) and the Sitting Gods of the Ekur (<sup>mul</sup>[[DINGIR.KU.A\|DIĜIR.TUŠ.A]]<sup>meš</sup>), both mentioned in MUL.APIN.

	==~~Dictionary (Provenance of the term)~~==		==Concordance, Etymology, History==
	=== Krebernik (2023) ===		=== Krebernik (2023) ===
	See glossary of Hoffmann and Krebernik (2023):<ref name=":0">Hoffmann, S. M. and Krebernik, M. (2023). What do deities tell us about the celestial positioning system, in: R. Rollinger, I. Madreiter, M. Lang, C. Pappi (eds.). The Intellectual Heritage of the Ancient Near East, Papers held at the 64th Rencontre Assyriologique International and 12th Melammu Symposium July 16-20 2018, Innsbruck. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 539-579</ref>		See glossary of Hoffmann and Krebernik (2023):<ref name=":0">Hoffmann, S. M. and Krebernik, M. (2023). What do deities tell us about the celestial positioning system, in: R. Rollinger, I. Madreiter, M. Lang, C. Pappi (eds.). The Intellectual Heritage of the Ancient Near East, Papers held at the 64th Rencontre Assyriologique International and 12th Melammu Symposium July 16-20 2018, Innsbruck. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 539-579</ref>

Sushoff: /* Constellations of the Gods of the Ekur */

2025-08-04T09:38:34Z

Constellations of the Gods of the Ekur

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:38, 4 August 2025
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	** Date-Palm Spadix		** Date-Palm Spadix
	* Dignity		* Dignity
	*.		*Abundant One
	*Shupa		*Shupa
	\|		\|

Sushoff at 09:37, 4 August 2025

2025-08-04T09:37:41Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:37, 4 August 2025
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	*** Pashittu		*** Pashittu
	\|}		\|}
	##

	== Historical Dictionaries ==		== Historical Dictionaries ==

Sushoff: /* Hoffmann and Krebernik Text Edition */

2025-08-04T09:37:13Z

Hoffmann and Krebernik Text Edition

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:37, 4 August 2025
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	\|}		\|}

			==== Hoffmann and Krebernik Text Edition ====

	==== ~~Hoffmann and Krebernik Text Edition~~ =~~===~~		===== The path of Enlil in MUL.APIN<ref name=":0" /> =====
	The path of Enlil in MUL.APIN<ref name=":0" />
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	!our numbering		!our numbering
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	! colspan="2" \|When the STAR<sup>s</sup> of <sup>GOD</sup>Enlil are completed:		! colspan="2" \|When the STAR<sup>s</sup> of <sup>GOD</sup>Enlil are completed:
	\|}		\|}

			===== Constellations of the Gods of the Ekur =====
	The Standing Gods and the Sitting Gods are rubric markers (like headlines in modern texts). Then, the rest of the list can be rendered as itemized lists in modern text layout.<ref name=":1" />		The Standing Gods and the Sitting Gods are rubric markers (like headlines in modern texts). Then, the rest of the list can be rendered as itemized lists in modern text layout.<ref name=":1" />
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
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	!		!
	!explanandum		!explanandum
			(constellations)
	!explanans		!explanans
			(deities)
	\|-		\|-
	!Standing Gods of the Ekur		!Standing Gods of the Ekur
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	** King		** King
	** Date-Palm Spadix		** Date-Palm Spadix
	* ~~Shupa~~		* Dignity
	*		*.
			*Shupa
	\|		\|
	* Enlil		* Enlil
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	* Latarak		* Latarak
	** .		** .
	** ~~Zarpanitum~~		** Erua \| Zarpanītum
	* ~~Enlil~~		* Tišpak
	*		*the minister of Ninlil
			*Enlil
	\|-		\|-
	!Sitting Gods of the Ekur		!Sitting Gods of the Ekur
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	* Hitched Yoke		* Hitched Yoke
	* Wagon of Heaven		* Wagon of Heaven
	* Heir		* The Heir of the Emaḫ-temple (could be Enlil's or Anu's son)
	\|		\|
	*Ninlil		*Ninlil
	** Erra		** Erra
	** Aya		** Aya
	* Anu		* Anu
	* Damkianna		* Damkianna
	* Anu		* Anu
	\|-		\|-
	!Outside the Ekur		!Outside the Ekur
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	*** Pashittu		*** Pashittu
	\|}		\|}
			##

	~~=== additional ===~~

	~~==== Deities of the Ekur ====~~

	# ~~Standing Gods~~
	#~~# Enlil~~
	~~## Enmešarra~~
	~~## Lugalirra and Meslamtaʾea~~
	~~## Alammuš and Ningublaga~~
	~~## Anu~~
	~~## Latarak~~
	~~## Erua \| Zarpanītum~~
	~~## Enlil~~
	~~# Sitting Gods~~
	~~## Tišpak~~
	~~## Ninlil and her vizier~~
	~~## Erra~~
	~~## Aya~~
	~~## Anu~~
	~~## Damkianna~~
	~~## The Heir of the Emaḫ-temple (could be Enlil's or Anu's son)~~

	== Historical Dictionaries ==		== Historical Dictionaries ==

Sushoff at 09:28, 4 August 2025

2025-08-04T09:28:10Z

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 The corresponding entries in the dictionaries are angubbû (AHw, CAD) and ''ankurû'' (CAD), ''antušû'' (AHw), respectively. The first sumerogram, which is much more common than the second, designates a type of priest and describes the function of certain (minor) deities in god lists. In the OB Ištar ritual from Mari, the DIĜIR<sup>meš</sup> DIĜIR-''gub-bu-ú'' are obviously (representations of) deities, who “sit down to the left of Ištar together with (the god) Latarak” (ii 1’-3’, see Ziegler 1997, 58). The usage in MUL.APIN, where the two expressions are connected with Enlil’s temple Ekur in Nippur (“The stars of the Standing/Sitting Gods of the Ekur”) seems to be comparable. In 5R 46: 15–16., the “Standing Gods of the Ekur” are interpreted as “Sîn and Nergal”, and the “Sitting Gods” as “Anu and Enlil”, which is not applicable to MUL.APIN. The same is true of [M]UL.DIĜIR.GUB].BA<sup>meš</sup> DIĜIR.TUŠ.A<sup>meš</sup> in Hg, where they are identified with Sîn and Šamaš (MSL 11, 41: 52). MUL.DIĜIR.GUB.BA<sup>meš</sup> ''šu-ut'' É.KUR / MUL.DIĜIR.TUŠ.A<sup>meš</sup> ''šu-ut'' É.KUR (after EN 21).
 ==== Hoffmann and Krebernik Text Edition ====
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 |}
 === additional ===