GU4.UD - Revision history

Sushoff at 06:58, 17 June 2026

2026-06-17T06:58:41Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:58, 17 June 2026
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	----		----

	<sup>mul/d</sup>GU<sub>4</sub>.UD (𒀯𒄞𒌓), 'The Bull of the Sun' (GU<sub>4</sub> = bull, UD/UTU for the Sun-god <sup>d</sup>utu = Akkadian ''Šamaš''), is the standard Sumerian name for the planet Mercury. More often the name occurs in the longer formula <sup>mul/d</sup>[[UDU.IDIM.GUD.UD]]. A standard Akkadian equivalent is ''šiḫṭu'', with reference to Sunrise and so Mercury as a morning-star (see CAD Š<sub>II</sub> 416-417).		<sup>mul/d</sup>GU<sub>4</sub>.UD (𒀯𒄞𒌓), 'The Bull of the Sun' (GU<sub>4</sub> = bull, UD/UTU for the Sun-god <sup>d</sup>utu = Akkadian ''Šamaš''), is the standard Sumerian name for the planet Mercury. More often the name occurs in the longer formula <sup>mul/d</sup>[[UDU.IDIM.GU4.UD\|UDU.IDIM.GUD.UD]]. A standard Akkadian equivalent is ''šiḫṭu'', with reference to Sunrise and so Mercury as a morning-star (see CAD Š<sub>II</sub> 416-417).
	{{Template:Mercury}}		{{Template:Mercury}}

	==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref> ==		==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref> ==
	Var. readings and signs:		'''Var. readings and signs:'''

	* <sup>mul/d</sup>GU<sub>4</sub>.UTU, <sup>mul/d</sup>GUD.UD, <sup>mul/d</sup>GU<sub>3</sub>.UD; = ''šiḫṭu'',		* <sup>mul/d</sup>GU<sub>4</sub>.UTU, <sup>mul/d</sup>GUD.UD, <sup>mul/d</sup>GU<sub>3</sub>.UD; = ''šiḫṭu'',
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	* (Kurtik u07) [[UDU.IDIM]],		* (Kurtik u07) [[UDU.IDIM]],
	* (Kurtik u08)[[UDU.IDIM.GU4.UD\|UDU.IDIM.GU<sub>4</sub>.UD]].		* (Kurtik u08)[[UDU.IDIM.GU4.UD\|UDU.IDIM.GU<sub>4</sub>.UD]].

			=== Sources and Identification ===
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
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	===Additional===		===Additional===

	==== ~~II.~~ Deity.====		==== Deity.====
	As a deity, Mercury was identified with Nabu, son of Marduk, a local deity of the city of Borsippa (see (Kurtik n02) [[Nabû\|<sup>d</sup>''Nabû'']]), and also with Ninurta, son of Enlil; standard expression: <sup>d</sup>UDU.IDIM.GU<sub>4</sub>.UD ''ša''<sub>2</sub> <sup>d</sup>''Nin-urta'' MU-''šu''<sub>2</sub> "Mercury, whose name is Ninurta", see (Kurtik u08) [[UDU.IDIM.GU4.UD\|UDU.IDIM.GU<sub>4</sub>.UD]], (Kurtik n45) [[NIN.URTA\|<sup>d</sup>NIN.URTA]]. In Neo-Assyrian letter, calling for the blessings of the gods on the king, along with other gods, also mentions <sup>d</sup>UDU.IDIM.GU<sub>4</sub>.UD (Nabu and Ninurta are mentioned separately) [LABS, 197:10]. see (Kurtik u07) [[UDU.IDIM]]. Mercury, like Venus, was considered a bisexual deity: <sup>d</sup>GU<sub>4</sub>.UD NITA SAL "Mercury is male (and/or) female" [BPO 3, 248, K.2346+:57].		As a deity, Mercury was identified with Nabu, son of Marduk, a local deity of the city of Borsippa (see (Kurtik n02) [[Nabû\|<sup>d</sup>''Nabû'']]), and also with Ninurta, son of Enlil; standard expression: <sup>d</sup>UDU.IDIM.GU<sub>4</sub>.UD ''ša''<sub>2</sub> <sup>d</sup>''Nin-urta'' MU-''šu''<sub>2</sub> "Mercury, whose name is Ninurta", see (Kurtik u08) [[UDU.IDIM.GU4.UD\|UDU.IDIM.GU<sub>4</sub>.UD]], (Kurtik n45) [[NIN.URTA\|<sup>d</sup>NIN.URTA]]. In Neo-Assyrian letter, calling for the blessings of the gods on the king, along with other gods, also mentions <sup>d</sup>UDU.IDIM.GU<sub>4</sub>.UD (Nabu and Ninurta are mentioned separately) [LABS, 197:10]. see (Kurtik u07) [[UDU.IDIM]]. Mercury, like Venus, was considered a bisexual deity: <sup>d</sup>GU<sub>4</sub>.UD NITA SAL "Mercury is male (and/or) female" [BPO 3, 248, K.2346+:57].

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	See also (Kurtik g01) ''[[Ga-ga]]''.		See also (Kurtik g01) ''[[Ga-ga]]''.

	====~~III.~~ Astrology. ====		====Astrology. ====

	===== Identifications: =====		===== Identifications: =====

HermannHunger: /* Concordance, Etymology, History[1] */

2026-06-16T19:14:20Z

Concordance, Etymology, History[1]

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:14, 16 June 2026
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	The Greek lexicographer Hesychius gives the Babylonian name for Mercury:		The Greek lexicographer Hesychius gives the Babylonian name for Mercury:

	*Σεχέζ. τοῦ Ἑρμοῦ ἀστήρ. Βαβυλώνιοι. "~~Sexes~~: the star of Hermes: the Babylonians." [TLG 4085-003 Σ 469], derived probably from the Akkadian ''šiḫṭu''.		*Σεχέζ. τοῦ Ἑρμοῦ ἀστήρ. Βαβυλώνιοι. "Sehes: the star of Hermes: the Babylonians." [TLG 4085-003 Σ 469], derived probably from the Akkadian ''šiḫṭu''.

	See also		See also
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	\|-		\|-
	\|'''EAE.'''		\|'''EAE.'''
	See. [BPO 2, III 7c, 29a, XVI 17-18; BPO 3, 281; Largement 1957, 244:46; NSAM 2, 249; SpTU I, 90:1; SpTU V, 264:16ʹ, r. 3, 7].		See [BPO 2, III 7c, 29a, XVI 17-18; BPO 3, 281; Largement 1957, 244:46; NSAM 2, 249; SpTU I, 90:1; SpTU V, 264:16ʹ, r. 3, 7].
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
	\|'''New Year's ritual in Babylon.'''		\|'''New Year's ritual in Babylon.'''
	*<sup>múl</sup>gu<sub>4</sub>.ud ''mu-ša''<sub>2</sub>-''az-nin zunni''(šeg<sub>3</sub>) "Mercury, (abundantly) pouring rain." [RAcc. 138:306; Linssen 2004, 220:306];		*<sup>múl</sup>gu<sub>4</sub>.ud ''mu-ša''<sub>2</sub>-''az-nin zunni''(šeg<sub>3</sub>) "Mercury, (abundantly) pouring rain." [RAcc. 138:306; Linssen 2004, 220:306];
	**Parallel: <sup>d</sup>gu<sub>4</sub>.ud...''mu-šab-šu-u''<sub>2</sub> ''zunni''(šeg<sub>3</sub>) ''u mīli''(a.kal) "Mercury ...~~responsible~~ for rains and floods" [Lambert 1957-59, 386:7], see also (Kurtik u07) [[UDU.IDIM]].		**Parallel: <sup>d</sup>gu<sub>4</sub>.ud...''mu-šab-šu-u''<sub>2</sub> ''zunni''(šeg<sub>3</sub>) ''u mīli''(a.kal) "Mercury ... providing for rains and floods" [Lambert 1957-59, 386:7], see also (Kurtik u07) [[UDU.IDIM]].
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
	\| '''"Letters" and "Reports."'''		\| '''"Letters" and "Reports."'''
	See. [~~LABS~~, 380-381; ~~ARAK~~, 352].		See [SAA 10, 380-381; SAA 8, 352].
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-

WayneHorowitz: should this perhaps be moved to UDU.IDIM GU4.UD ??? - I would leave this alone though because UDU.IDIM is not actually the name but the sense is the Planet, Bull of the Sun. Lets discuss this

2026-06-08T20:06:50Z

should this perhaps be moved to UDU.IDIM GU4.UD ??? - I would leave this alone though because UDU.IDIM is not actually the name but the sense is the Planet, Bull of the Sun. Lets discuss this

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:06, 8 June 2026
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	----		----

	<sup>mul/d</sup>GU<sub>4</sub>.UD (𒀯𒄞𒌓) is ~~an ancient Mesopotamian~~ planet name.		<sup>mul/d</sup>GU<sub>4</sub>.UD (𒀯𒄞𒌓), 'The Bull of the Sun' (GU<sub>4</sub> = bull, UD/UTU for the Sun-god <sup>d</sup>utu = Akkadian ''Šamaš''), is the standard Sumerian name for the planet Mercury. More often the name occurs in the longer formula <sup>mul/d</sup>[[UDU.IDIM.GUD.UD]]. A standard Akkadian equivalent is ''šiḫṭu'', with reference to Sunrise and so Mercury as a morning-star (see CAD Š<sub>II</sub> 416-417).
	{{Template:Mercury}}		{{Template:Mercury}}

YoulaAzkarrula at 06:27, 20 May 2026

2026-05-20T06:27:49Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:27, 20 May 2026
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	[[Category:Mesopotamian]]		[[Category:Mesopotamian]]
	[[Category:Sumerian]]		[[Category:Sumerian]]
	[[Category:West Asian]]		[[Category:West Asian]] [[Category:Asian]]
	[[Category:Eurasia]]		[[Category:Eurasia]]
	[[Category:Cuneiform]]		[[Category:Cuneiform]] [[Category:Asterism]]
	[[Category:Solar System]]		[[Category:Solar System]]
	[[Category:Planet]]		[[Category:Planet]]
	[[Category:Mercury]]		[[Category:Mercury]]

Sushoff at 17:39, 26 March 2026

2026-03-26T17:39:59Z

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	{{DISPLAYTITLE: GU<sub>4</sub>.UD}}		{{DISPLAYTITLE: GU<sub>4</sub>.UD}}
	Authors: ~~Gennady Kurtik,~~ {{PAGEAUTHORS}}~~, Euin Choung Kim~~		Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
	----		----

Sushoff at 14:56, 22 January 2026

2026-01-22T14:56:58Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:56, 22 January 2026
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	{{DISPLAYTITLE: GU<sub>4</sub>.UD}}		{{DISPLAYTITLE: GU<sub>4</sub>.UD}}
	Authors: Gennady E. Kurtik, {{PAGEAUTHORS}}		Authors: Gennady Kurtik, {{PAGEAUTHORS}}, Euin Choung Kim
	----		----

Sushoff at 07:28, 17 January 2026

2026-01-17T07:28:12Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:28, 17 January 2026
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	{{DISPLAYTITLE: GU<sub>4</sub>.UD}}		{{DISPLAYTITLE: GU<sub>4</sub>.UD}}
			Authors: Gennady E. Kurtik, {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
			----

	<sup>mul/d</sup>GU<sub>4</sub>.UD (𒀯𒄞𒌓) is an ancient Mesopotamian planet name.		<sup>mul/d</sup>GU<sub>4</sub>.UD (𒀯𒄞𒌓) is an ancient Mesopotamian planet name.

Sushoff at 20:15, 15 December 2025

2025-12-15T20:15:57Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:15, 15 December 2025
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	{{Template:Mercury}}		{{Template:Mercury}}

	==Concordance, Etymology, History ==		==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)\|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref> ==
	~~===Kurtik with Hilder~~, ~~Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim=~~==
	Var. readings and signs:		Var. readings and signs:

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	*Σεχέζ. τοῦ Ἑρμοῦ ἀστήρ. Βαβυλώνιοι. "Sexes: the star of Hermes: the Babylonians." [TLG 4085-003 Σ 469], derived probably from the Akkadian ''šiḫṭu''.		*Σεχέζ. τοῦ Ἑρμοῦ ἀστήρ. Βαβυλώνιοι. "Sexes: the star of Hermes: the Babylonians." [TLG 4085-003 Σ 469], derived probably from the Akkadian ''šiḫṭu''.

	See also (Kurtik a28) [[AMAR.UD\|<sup>d</sup>AMAR.UD]], (Kurtik g31) [[GU4.AN.NA\|GU<sub>4</sub>]], (Kurtik L16) [[LUGAL.GIR3.RA\|<sup>d</sup>LUGAL.GIR<sub>3</sub>.RA]], (Kurtik m47) ''[[Muštarīlu]]'', (Kurtik n43)[[NIN.URTA\|<sup>d</sup>NIN.URTA]], (Kurtik u07) [[UDU.IDIM]], (Kurtik u08)[[UDU.IDIM.GU4.UD\|UDU.IDIM.GU<sub>4</sub>.UD]].		See also

			* (Kurtik a28) [[AMAR.UD\|<sup>d</sup>AMAR.UD]],
			* (Kurtik g31) [[GU4.AN.NA\|GU<sub>4</sub>]],
			* (Kurtik L16) [[LUGAL.GIR3.RA\|<sup>d</sup>LUGAL.GIR<sub>3</sub>.RA]],
			* (Kurtik m47) ''[[Muštarīlu]]'',
			* (Kurtik n43)[[NIN.URTA\|<sup>d</sup>NIN.URTA]],
			* (Kurtik u07) [[UDU.IDIM]],
			* (Kurtik u08)[[UDU.IDIM.GU4.UD\|UDU.IDIM.GU<sub>4</sub>.UD]].
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|+		\|+

Sushoff at 18:48, 16 August 2025

2025-08-16T18:48:33Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:48, 16 August 2025
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	{{Template:Mercury}}		{{Template:Mercury}}

	==~~Dictionary~~ ==		==Concordance, Etymology, History ==
	===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim===		===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim===
	Var. readings and signs:		Var. readings and signs:

InitTeam at 08:18, 9 August 2025

2025-08-09T08:18:59Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:18, 9 August 2025
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	====III. Astrology. ====		====III. Astrology. ====
	~~Identifications:~~

			===== Identifications: =====
	(1) = star of Marduk; MUL.<sup>d</sup>AMAR.UTU ''a-na'' <sup>d</sup>GUD.UD ''i-qab-bi'' "Star of Marduk — so it is said of Mercury" [BPO 2, III 29a], see also [Lambert 1957-59, 386:6].		(1) = star of Marduk; MUL.<sup>d</sup>AMAR.UTU ''a-na'' <sup>d</sup>GUD.UD ''i-qab-bi'' "Star of Marduk — so it is said of Mercury" [BPO 2, III 29a], see also [Lambert 1957-59, 386:6].

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	For other examples of astrological identifications of Mercury, see (Kurtik u08) [[UDU.IDIM.GU4.UD\|UDU.IDIM.GU<sub>4</sub>.UD]], IV.		For other examples of astrological identifications of Mercury, see (Kurtik u08) [[UDU.IDIM.GU4.UD\|UDU.IDIM.GU<sub>4</sub>.UD]], IV.

	Predictions:		===== Predictions: =====

	(11) Mercury in Scorpius, which is dark; DIŠ <sup>mul</sup>GIR<sub>2</sub>.TAB GI<sub>6</sub> ''ina'' ŠA<sub>3</sub>-''bi taš-mu-u''<sub>2</sub> ''ina'' KUR I<sub>3</sub>.GAL<sub>2</sub> / <sup>d</sup>GU<sub>4</sub>.UD ''ina'' ŠA<sub>3</sub> <sup>mul</sup>GIR<sub>2</sub>.TAB GUB-''ma'' "If Scorpius is black in the middle: there will be peace in the country. (This means:) Mercury stands in Scorpius." [ARAK, 504:3-4], see also [ibid., 113:8-9, 371 r. 2-3, 545:1′-4′].		(11) Mercury in Scorpius, which is dark; DIŠ <sup>mul</sup>GIR<sub>2</sub>.TAB GI<sub>6</sub> ''ina'' ŠA<sub>3</sub>-''bi taš-mu-u''<sub>2</sub> ''ina'' KUR I<sub>3</sub>.GAL<sub>2</sub> / <sup>d</sup>GU<sub>4</sub>.UD ''ina'' ŠA<sub>3</sub> <sup>mul</sup>GIR<sub>2</sub>.TAB GUB-''ma'' "If Scorpius is black in the middle: there will be peace in the country. (This means:) Mercury stands in Scorpius." [ARAK, 504:3-4], see also [ibid., 113:8-9, 371 r. 2-3, 545:1′-4′].