Gemini - Revision history

Sushoff: /* Eratosthenes */

2026-08-26T15:05:09Z

Eratosthenes

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:05, 26 August 2026
Line 59:		Line 59:

	===== Eratosthenes =====		===== Eratosthenes =====
	Pamias and Zucker (2013,<ref>Pamìas, Jordi und Zucker, Arnaud (2013). Ératosthènes de Cyrène: Catastérrismes, Belles Lettres, Paris</ref> 31-33)<blockquote>'''Var. 1:''' According to the story, these were the Dioscuri. They grew up in Laconia, where they distinguished themselves; they surpassed all men in brotherly love; indeed, they quarrelled neither over power nor over anything else, and always acted in unison, wherever they were. When one of them fell in battle against the Athenians, the other called for a truce so that they might be with them. They have ten stars in total.</blockquote><blockquote>'''Var. 2:''' According to the story, these are the Dioscuri. They grew up in Laconia, where they distinguished themselves; they surpassed all men in brotherly love; indeed, they never quarrelled over power or anything else. Zeus, wishing that their solidarity should always be remembered, placed them both in the same spot amongst the constellations, giving them the name of the Twins. The one of the Twins that moves above the Crab has a bright star on his head, one on each shoulder, and one on each knee. Five in all. The Twin next to him has a bright star on his head, one on his left shoulder, one on each nipple, one on his left elbow, one on his hand, one on his left knee, one on each foot, and one below his left foot, called “Propous” (Before the foot). Ten in all.</blockquote>		Pamias and Zucker (2013,<ref>Pamìas, Jordi und Zucker, Arnaud (2013). Ératosthènes de Cyrène: Catastérrismes, Belles Lettres, Paris</ref> 31-33)<blockquote>'''Var. 1:''' According to the story, these were the Dioscuri. They grew up in Laconia, where they distinguished themselves; they surpassed all men in brotherly love; indeed, they quarrelled neither over power nor over anything else, and always acted in unison, wherever they were. When one of them fell in battle against the Athenians, the other called for a truce so that they might be with them. They have ten stars in total.</blockquote><blockquote>'''Var. 2:''' According to the story, these are the Dioscuri. They grew up in Laconia, where they distinguished themselves; they surpassed all men in brotherly love; indeed, they never quarrelled over power or anything else. Zeus, wishing that their solidarity should always be remembered, placed them both in the same spot amongst the constellations, giving them the name of the Twins. The one of the Twins that moves above the Crab has a bright star on his head, one on each shoulder, and one on each knee. Five in all. The Twin next to him has a bright star on his head, one on his left shoulder, one on each nipple, one on his left elbow, one on his hand, one on his left knee, one on each foot, and one below his left foot, called “Propous” (Before the foot). Ten in all.</blockquote>'''Eratosthenes's star catalogue''' can be reconstructed from the list of stars he mentions in the last section of each of the constelllation descriptions. Hoffmann (2017)<ref name=":02">Hoffmann, S. M., <nowiki><i>Hipparchs Himmelsglobus</i></nowiki>. Springer Wiesbaden/ New York, 2017. doi:10.1007/978-3-658-18683-8.</ref> made such a catalogue and used it for computational comparison with Hipparchus's, Ptolemy's and Babylonian data; it is based on the edition and translation by Pamias and Geus (2007)<ref>Eratosthenes: Sternsagen, übersetzt von Pamìas, Jordi und Geus, Klaus, Verlag Utopica, Oberhaid 2007</ref> and presented here in English translation.

	{\|class="wikitable"		{\|class="wikitable"
	\|+		\|+

Sushoff: /* Stars Mentioned */

2026-08-26T13:23:24Z

Stars Mentioned

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:23, 26 August 2026
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	\|}		\|}

	====== ~~Stars Mentioned~~ ======		====== Hipparchus's "lost" star Catalogue ======
	{\| class="wikitable"
	\|+		The star catalogue of Hipparchus is not preserved. Yet, several scholars have reconstructed it in the past century: Vogt (1925)<ref>Vogt, H., “Versuch einer Wiederherstellung von Hipparchs Fixsternver zeichnis”, <nowiki><i>Astronomische Nachrichten</i></nowiki>, vol. 224, no. 2, Wiley, p. 17, 1925. doi:10.1002/asna.19252240202.</ref>, Grasshoff (1990)<ref>Graßhoff, G., <nowiki><i>The History of Ptolemy's Star Catalogue</i></nowiki>, Springer, New York, 1990 </ref>, Hoffmann (2017)<ref>Hoffmann, S. M., <nowiki><i>Hipparchs Himmelsglobus</i></nowiki>. Springer Wiesbaden/ New York, 2017. doi:10.1007/978-3-658-18683-8.</ref> and Glover (2026)<ref>Glover, E. (2026). ''The Astronomy of Hipparchus'', Cambridge University Press</ref>. Grasshoff's catalogue and computations are not published digitally, Hoffmann published three versions of the Manitius+Hoffmann<ref>Hipparchus's Lost Star Catalogue (1/2 reconstructed) (Hoffmann, 2017) in VizieR</ref> star lists in the CDS [https://vizier.unistra.fr/ VizieR] "catalog of catalogs", and Glover printed the star lists constellationwise in his book.
	!		{\|class="wikitable"
	!~~Greek~~		\|+ Hipparchus's star in Aquarius (Glover 2026)
	!~~German~~
	!~~English~~		!hipp.Cat.ID
	!ident.		!constStarID
	!~~src~~		!starName
	!		!ident.Bayer
	!~~lam_culm~~		!ident.HIP
			!concordance
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|288
	\|		\|1
	\|		\|
	\|		\|α Gem
	\|		\|36850
	\|~~Lib II Cap V §10~~		\|CPAE
	~~\|rising, east, first~~
	\|
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|289
	\|		\|2
	\|		\|
	\|		\|β Gem
	\|		\|37826
	\|~~Lib II Cap V §10~~		\|CPAE
	~~\|rising, east, last~~
	\|
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|290
	\|		\|3
	\|		\|
	\|		\|γ Gem
	\|		\|31681
	\|~~Lib II Cap VI §2~~		\|CPAE
	~~\|setting CrB, south, last~~
	~~\|Psc 13.5~~
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|291
	\|		\|4
	\|		\|
	\|		\|ε Gem
	\|		\|32246
	\|~~Lib II Cap VI §13~~		\|CPAE
	~~\|setting Aql, south, first~~
	~~\|Ari 2~~
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|292
	\|		\|5
	\|		\|
	\|		\|ζ Gem
	\|		\|34088
	\|~~Lib III Cap I §9~~		\|CPAE
	\|~~rising Ori, south, last~~		\|-
	\|~~Psc~~ 13		\|293
			\|6
			\|
			\|η Gem
			\|29655
			\|CPAE
			\|-
			\|294
			\|7
			\|
			\|θ Gem
			\|33018
			\|CPAE
			\|-
			\|295
			\|8
			\|
			\|ι Gem
			\|36046
			\|CPAE
			\|-
			\|296
			\|9
			\|
			\|λ Gem
			\|35350
			\|CPAE
			\|-
			\|297
			\|10
			\|
			\|μ Gem
			\|30343
			\|CPAE
			\|-
			\|298
			\|11
			\|
			\|ν Gem
			\|30883
			\|CPAE
			\|-
			\|299
			\|12
			\|
			\|ξ Gem
			\|32362
			\|CPAE
			\|-
			\|300
			\|13
			\|
			\|τ Gem
			\|34693
			\|CPAE
			\|-
			\|301
			\|14
			\|
			\|υ Gem
			\|36962
			\|CPAE
	\|}		\|}

Sushoff: /* Eratosthenes */

2026-08-24T20:44:20Z

Eratosthenes

@@ Line 60: / Line 60: @@
 ===== Eratosthenes =====
 Pamias and Zucker (2013,<ref>Pamìas, Jordi und Zucker, Arnaud (2013). Ératosthènes de Cyrène: Catastérrismes, Belles Lettres, Paris</ref> 31-33)<blockquote>'''Var. 1:''' According to the story, these were the Dioscuri. They grew up in Laconia, where they distinguished themselves; they surpassed all men in brotherly love; indeed, they quarrelled neither over power nor over anything else, and always acted in unison, wherever they were. When one of them fell in battle against the Athenians,  the other called for a truce so that they might be with them. They have ten stars in total.</blockquote><blockquote>'''Var. 2:''' According to the story, these are the Dioscuri. They grew up in Laconia, where they distinguished themselves; they surpassed all men in brotherly love; indeed, they never quarrelled over power or anything else. Zeus, wishing that their solidarity should always be remembered, placed them both in the same spot amongst the constellations, giving them the name of the Twins. The one of the Twins that moves above the Crab has a bright star on his head, one on each shoulder, and one on each knee. Five in all. The Twin next to him has a bright star on his head, one on his left shoulder, one on each nipple, one on his left elbow, one on his hand, one on his left knee, one on each foot, and one below his left foot, called “Propous” (Before the foot). Ten in all.</blockquote>
 ===== Hipparchus =====

Sushoff: /* Egyptian */

2026-08-04T17:53:50Z

Egyptian

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:53, 4 August 2026
Line 53:		Line 53:
	In Ptolemaic times (1st century BCE), when Egypt was ruled by the Romans, new Egyptian temples were built in Esna and Dendera (south and north of Thebes/ Luxor). They display a cultural mixture of Babylonian and Egyptian constellations.<gallery>		In Ptolemaic times (1st century BCE), when Egypt was ruled by the Romans, new Egyptian temples were built in Esna and Dendera (south and north of Thebes/ Luxor). They display a cultural mixture of Babylonian and Egyptian constellations.<gallery>
	File:Gem DenderaEckig GZotti.JPG\|Gemini; rectangular zodiac of Dendera		File:Gem DenderaEckig GZotti.JPG\|Gemini; rectangular zodiac of Dendera
			File:Gem DenderaCirc Louvre.JPG\|Gemini, circular zodiac of Dendera (CC BY [https://collections.louvre.fr/en/ark:/53355/cl010028871 Musée du Louvre, Département des Antiquités égyptiennes])
	</gallery>		</gallery>

Sushoff: /* Egyptian */

2026-08-04T11:35:17Z

Egyptian

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:35, 4 August 2026
Line 51:		Line 51:

	===== Egyptian =====		===== Egyptian =====
	In Ptolemaic times (1st century CE), when Egypt was ruled by the Romans, new Egyptian temples were built in Esna and Dendera (south and north of Thebes/ Luxor). They display a cultural mixture of Babylonian and Egyptian constellations.<gallery>		In Ptolemaic times (1st century BCE), when Egypt was ruled by the Romans, new Egyptian temples were built in Esna and Dendera (south and north of Thebes/ Luxor). They display a cultural mixture of Babylonian and Egyptian constellations.<gallery>
	File:Gem DenderaEckig GZotti.JPG\|Gemini; rectangular zodiac of Dendera		File:Gem DenderaEckig GZotti.JPG\|Gemini; rectangular zodiac of Dendera
	</gallery>		</gallery>

Sushoff: /* Greco-Roman */

2026-08-04T11:02:02Z

Greco-Roman

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:02, 4 August 2026
Line 49:		Line 49:

	==== Greco-Roman ====		==== Greco-Roman ====

			===== Egyptian =====
			In Ptolemaic times (1st century CE), when Egypt was ruled by the Romans, new Egyptian temples were built in Esna and Dendera (south and north of Thebes/ Luxor). They display a cultural mixture of Babylonian and Egyptian constellations.<gallery>
			File:Gem DenderaEckig GZotti.JPG\|Gemini; rectangular zodiac of Dendera
			</gallery>

	===== Aratos =====		===== Aratos =====

Sushoff: /* Origin of Constellation */

2026-07-29T07:58:59Z

Origin of Constellation

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:58, 29 July 2026
Line 33:		Line 33:
	The Greek twins are borrowed from mythology.<ref name=":0">Hoffmann, Susanne M. Wie der Löwe an den Himmel kam. Franckh Kosmos Verlag, Stuttgart 2021</ref> They are called Polydeuces (Roman [[Pollux]]) and Kastor (Latin: [[Castor]]) and were heroes of the Argonauts. However, these young men are certainly a projection, as the constellation is Mesopotamian: the zodiac was adopted by the Greeks from Babylon, so the twins are likely to be Sumerian in origin. The constellation is already documented in MUL.APIN. However, there are two pairs of twins, the Greater and Lesser Twins ([[MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL]], [[MAŠ.TAB.BA.TUR.TUR]]).		The Greek twins are borrowed from mythology.<ref name=":0">Hoffmann, Susanne M. Wie der Löwe an den Himmel kam. Franckh Kosmos Verlag, Stuttgart 2021</ref> They are called Polydeuces (Roman [[Pollux]]) and Kastor (Latin: [[Castor]]) and were heroes of the Argonauts. However, these young men are certainly a projection, as the constellation is Mesopotamian: the zodiac was adopted by the Greeks from Babylon, so the twins are likely to be Sumerian in origin. The constellation is already documented in MUL.APIN. However, there are two pairs of twins, the Greater and Lesser Twins ([[MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL]], [[MAŠ.TAB.BA.TUR.TUR]]).

	According to Babylonian uranological texts, the Greater Twins are depicted as warriors who are clothed and carry weapons. This fits in with the fact that next to them is the constellation of a weapon, the crooked wood (a projectile) in the area of our constellation Auriga. They are called Lugalirra and Meslamtaea and are underworld deities; the second is an epithet of the ruler of the underworld.		According to Babylonian uranological texts, the Greater Twins are depicted as warriors who are clothed and carry weapons. This fits in with the fact that next to them is the constellation of a weapon, the crooked wood (a projectile) in the area of our constellation [[Auriga]]. They are called Lugalirra and Meslamtaea and are underworld deities; the second is an epithet of the ruler of the underworld.

	The Little Twins could be a kind of weather deities: one carries lightning bolts, the other a whip. Both pairs of twins are depicted clothed and with beards, i.e. they are anthropomorphic male deities. Their names are ~~Alamusch~~ and Ningublaga. They are associated with the moon god; the first is his messenger, the second his son. It is common in various cultures to associate the moon with weather phenomena.		The Little Twins could be a kind of weather deities: one carries lightning bolts, the other a whip. Both pairs of twins are depicted clothed and with beards, i.e. they are anthropomorphic male deities. Their names are Alamush and Ningublaga. They are associated with the moon god; the first is his messenger, the second his son. It is common in various cultures to associate the moon with weather phenomena.

	In Uranological texts, these two pairs of twins are still very well documented in the 1st millennium, although only one of the pairs, the Great Twins, is ever mentioned in the zodiac. They were probably merged at some point – perhaps only through Greek transfer.		In Uranological texts, these two pairs of twins are still very well documented in the 1st millennium, although only one of the pairs, the Great Twins, is ever mentioned in the zodiac. They were probably merged at some point – perhaps only through Greek transfer.

Sushoff: /* Etymology and History */

2026-07-29T07:56:51Z

Etymology and History

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:56, 29 July 2026
Line 31:		Line 31:
	==Etymology and History==		==Etymology and History==
	===Origin of Constellation===		===Origin of Constellation===
	The Greek twins are borrowed from mythology.<ref name=":0">Hoffmann, Susanne M. Wie der Löwe an den Himmel kam. Franckh Kosmos Verlag, Stuttgart 2021</ref> They are called Polydeuces (Roman [[Pollux]]) and ~~Castor~~ (Latin: [[Castor]]) and were heroes of the Argonauts. However, these young men are certainly a projection, as the constellation is Mesopotamian: the zodiac was adopted by the Greeks from Babylon, so the twins are likely to be Sumerian in origin. The constellation is already documented in MUL.APIN. However, there are two pairs of twins, the Greater and Lesser Twins ([[MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL]], [[MAŠ.TAB.BA.TUR.TUR]]).		The Greek twins are borrowed from mythology.<ref name=":0">Hoffmann, Susanne M. Wie der Löwe an den Himmel kam. Franckh Kosmos Verlag, Stuttgart 2021</ref> They are called Polydeuces (Roman [[Pollux]]) and Kastor (Latin: [[Castor]]) and were heroes of the Argonauts. However, these young men are certainly a projection, as the constellation is Mesopotamian: the zodiac was adopted by the Greeks from Babylon, so the twins are likely to be Sumerian in origin. The constellation is already documented in MUL.APIN. However, there are two pairs of twins, the Greater and Lesser Twins ([[MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL]], [[MAŠ.TAB.BA.TUR.TUR]]).

	According to Babylonian uranological texts, the Greater Twins are depicted as warriors who are clothed and carry weapons. This fits in with the fact that next to them is the constellation of a weapon, the crooked wood (a projectile) in the area of our constellation Auriga. They are called Lugalirra and Meslamtaea and are underworld deities; the second is an epithet of the ruler of the underworld.		According to Babylonian uranological texts, the Greater Twins are depicted as warriors who are clothed and carry weapons. This fits in with the fact that next to them is the constellation of a weapon, the crooked wood (a projectile) in the area of our constellation Auriga. They are called Lugalirra and Meslamtaea and are underworld deities; the second is an epithet of the ruler of the underworld.

Sushoff at 07:56, 29 July 2026

2026-07-29T07:56:11Z

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 ----
 [[File:Gemini IAU.svg|alt=star chart|thumb|Gem star chart (IAU and Sky & Telescope magazine, Roger Sinnott & Rick Fienberg).]]
 Gemini, The Twins, one of the [[:Category:88_IAU-Constellations|88 IAU constellations]]. The modern constellation is rooted in the ancient Greek tradition which, in turn, has a Babylonian predecessor. The Babylonanian constellation was likely called The Greater Twins ([[MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL]]), as opposed to many other twin constellations in Babylonian uranography.

IanRidpath: Added missing ID numbers

2026-07-24T19:06:13Z

Added missing ID numbers

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:06, 24 July 2026
Line 213:		Line 213:
	\|ups Gem		\|ups Gem
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|7
	\|ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἐπομένου ὤμου τοῦ ἐπομένου Διδύμου		\|ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἐπομένου ὤμου τοῦ ἐπομένου Διδύμου
	\|The star on the rear shouldcr of the rear twin		\|The star on the rear shouldcr of the rear twin
	\|kap Gem		\|kap Gem
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|8
	\|ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ δεξιοῦ πλευροῦ τοῦ προηγουμένου Διδύμου.		\|ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ δεξιοῦ πλευροῦ τοῦ προηγουμένου Διδύμου.
	\|The star on the right side of the advance twin		\|The star on the right side of the advance twin
	\|57 Gem		\|57 Gem
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|9
	\|ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἀριστεροῦ πλευροῦ τοῦ ἐπομένου Διδύμου.		\|ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἀριστεροῦ πλευροῦ τοῦ ἐπομένου Διδύμου.
	\|The star on the left side of the rear twin		\|The star on the left side of the rear twin
	\|58 Gem		\|58 Gem
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|10
	\|ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἀριστεροῦ γόνατος τοῦ ἠγουμένου Διδύμου.		\|ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἀριστεροῦ γόνατος τοῦ ἠγουμένου Διδύμου.
	\|The star on the left knee of the advance twin		\|The star on the left knee of the advance twin
	\|eps Gem		\|eps Gem
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|11
	\|ὁ ὑπὸ τὸ ἀριστερὸν γόνυ τοῦ ἐπομένου Διδύμου.		\|ὁ ὑπὸ τὸ ἀριστερὸν γόνυ τοῦ ἐπομένου Διδύμου.
	\|The star under the left knee of the rear twin		\|The star under the left knee of the rear twin
	\|zet Gem		\|zet Gem
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|12
	\|ὁ ἐν τῷ ἀριστερῷ βουβῶνι τοῦ ἐπομένου Διδύμου.		\|ὁ ἐν τῷ ἀριστερῷ βουβῶνι τοῦ ἐπομένου Διδύμου.
	\|The star in the left groin of the rear twin		\|The star in the left groin of the rear twin
	\|del Gem		\|del Gem
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|13
	\|ὁ ὑπὲρ τὴν δεξιὰν ἀγκύλην τοῦ αὐτοῦ Διδύμου.		\|ὁ ὑπὲρ τὴν δεξιὰν ἀγκύλην τοῦ αὐτοῦ Διδύμου.
	\|The star over the bend in the right knee of the same [rear] twin		\|The star over the bend in the right knee of the same [rear] twin
	\|lam Gem		\|lam Gem
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|14
	\|ὁ ὑπὲρ τὴν δεξιὰν ἀγκύλην τοῦ αὐτοῦ Διδύμου.		\|ὁ ὑπὲρ τὴν δεξιὰν ἀγκύλην τοῦ αὐτοῦ Διδύμου.
	\|The star on the forward foot of the advance twin		\|The star on the forward foot of the advance twin
	\|eta Gem		\|eta Gem
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|15
	\|ὁ τούτῳ ἐπόμενος ἐπὶ τοῦ αὐτοῦ ποδός.		\|ὁ τούτῳ ἐπόμενος ἐπὶ τοῦ αὐτοῦ ποδός.
	\|The one to the rear of this on the same foot		\|The one to the rear of this on the same foot
	\|mu Gem		\|mu Gem
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|16
	\|ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ δεξιοῦ ἀκρόποδος τοῦ ἠγουμένου Διδύμου.		\|ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ δεξιοῦ ἀκρόποδος τοῦ ἠγουμένου Διδύμου.
	\|The star on the right foot of the advance twin		\|The star on the right foot of the advance twin
	\|nu Gem		\|nu Gem
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|17
	\|ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἀριστεροῦ ἀκρόποδος τοῦ ἐπομένου Διδύμου.		\|ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἀριστεροῦ ἀκρόποδος τοῦ ἐπομένου Διδύμου.
	\|The star on the left foot of the rear twin		\|The star on the left foot of the rear twin
	\|gam Gem		\|gam Gem
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|18
	\|ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ δεξιοῦ ἀκρόποδος τοῦ ἐπομένου Διδύμου.		\|ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ δεξιοῦ ἀκρόποδος τοῦ ἐπομένου Διδύμου.
	\|The star on the right foot of the rear twin		\|The star on the right foot of the rear twin
Line 293:		Line 293:
	!		!
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|19
	\|ὁ προηγούμενος τοῦ πρόποδος τοῦ ἠγουμένου Διδύμου		\|ὁ προηγούμενος τοῦ πρόποδος τοῦ ἠγουμένου Διδύμου
	\|The star in advance of the forward foot of the advance twin		\|The star in advance of the forward foot of the advance twin
	\|1 Gem		\|1 Gem
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|20
	\|ὁ προηγούμενος τοῦ ἠγουμένου γόνατος λαμπρός		\|ὁ προηγούμενος τοῦ ἠγουμένου γόνατος λαμπρός
	\|The bright star in advance of the advance knee		\|The bright star in advance of the advance knee
	\|kap Aur		\|kap Aur
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|21
	\|ὁ προηγούμενος τοῦ ἀριστεροῦ γόνατος τοῦ ἐπομένοου Διδύμου.		\|ὁ προηγούμενος τοῦ ἀριστεροῦ γόνατος τοῦ ἐπομένοου Διδύμου.
	\|The star in advance of the left knee of the rear twin		\|The star in advance of the left knee of the rear twin
	\|36 Gem		\|36 Gem
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|22
	\|τῶν ἐπομένων τῇ δεξιᾷ χειρὶ τοῦ ἐπομένου Διδύμου, τριῶν ἐπ’ εὐθείας ὁ βόρειος.		\|τῶν ἐπομένων τῇ δεξιᾷ χειρὶ τοῦ ἐπομένου Διδύμου, τριῶν ἐπ’ εὐθείας ὁ βόρειος.
	\|The northernmost of the three stars in a straight line to the rear of the right arm of the rear twin		\|The northernmost of the three stars in a straight line to the rear of the right arm of the rear twin
	\|85 Gem		\|85 Gem
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|23
	\|ὁ μέσος τῶν τριῶν.		\|ὁ μέσος τῶν τριῶν.
	\|The middle one of the three		\|The middle one of the three
	\|81 Gem		\|81 Gem
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|24
	\|ὁ νότιος αὐτῶν καὶ πρὸς τῷ πήχει τῆς χειρός!		\|ὁ νότιος αὐτῶν καὶ πρὸς τῷ πήχει τῆς χειρός!
	\|The southernmost of them, near the forearm of the [right] arm		\|The southernmost of them, near the forearm of the [right] arm
	\|74 Gem		\|74 Gem
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|25
	\|ὁ ἐπόμενος τοῦς προειρημένοις γ’ λαμπρός!		\|ὁ ἐπόμενος τοῦς προειρημένοις γ’ λαμπρός!
	\|The bright star to the rear of the above-mentioned 3		\|The bright star to the rear of the above-mentioned 3