Leo - Revision history

Sushoff: /* Eratosthenes */

2026-08-26T15:06:50Z

Eratosthenes

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:06, 26 August 2026
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	===== Eratosthenes =====		===== Eratosthenes =====
	Pamias and Zucker (2013,<ref>Pamìas, Jordi und Zucker, Arnaud (2013). Ératosthènes de Cyrène: Catastérrismes, Belles Lettres, Paris</ref> 38-40)<blockquote>'''Var. 1:''' It is one of the most prominent constellations. Apparently, the zodiacal Lion was granted this honour by Zeus because it ranks first among four-legged animals. Some <say> that it represents the first labour performed by Heracles.</blockquote><blockquote>Leo has three stars on its head, two on its neck, one on its chest, three on its back, one bright star on its tail, two beneath its chest, and one on its forepaw. Thirteen in all.</blockquote><blockquote>'''Var. 2:''' It is one of the most prominent constellations. Apparently, the zodiacal Lion was granted this honour by Zeus because it ranks first among four-legged animals. Some say it represents the first labour accomplished by Heracles, placed there so that the memory might be preserved. It is indeed the only animal he killed unarmed, for the love of glory, by suffocating it in his arms. Pisander of Rhodes recounts this episode. Hence Heracles wears the lion’s skin, a sign of the illustrious feat he accomplished. This is the lion that was killed by Heracles at Nemea. </blockquote><blockquote>The Lion has three stars on its head, one on its chest and two below, a bright one on its right paw, one in the middle of its belly, another below, one on its hip, one on its hind knee, a bright one at the tip of its paw, two on its neck, three on its back, one in the middle of its tail, and a bright one at the tip of its tail. Nineteen in all.</blockquote><blockquote>[[File:Leo+Com DenderaEckig GZotti.JPG\|thumb\|Leo and the "triangle near the tail"; rectangular zodiac of Dendera ]]Above the Lion, one can also see seven dim stars forming a triangle towards the tail. They are called “the Hair of Berenice the Benefactor”.</blockquote>		Pamias and Zucker (2013,<ref>Pamìas, Jordi und Zucker, Arnaud (2013). Ératosthènes de Cyrène: Catastérrismes, Belles Lettres, Paris</ref> 38-40)<blockquote>'''Var. 1:''' It is one of the most prominent constellations. Apparently, the zodiacal Lion was granted this honour by Zeus because it ranks first among four-legged animals. Some <say> that it represents the first labour performed by Heracles.</blockquote><blockquote>Leo has three stars on its head, two on its neck, one on its chest, three on its back, one bright star on its tail, two beneath its chest, and one on its forepaw. Thirteen in all.</blockquote><blockquote>'''Var. 2:''' It is one of the most prominent constellations. Apparently, the zodiacal Lion was granted this honour by Zeus because it ranks first among four-legged animals. Some say it represents the first labour accomplished by Heracles, placed there so that the memory might be preserved. It is indeed the only animal he killed unarmed, for the love of glory, by suffocating it in his arms. Pisander of Rhodes recounts this episode. Hence Heracles wears the lion’s skin, a sign of the illustrious feat he accomplished. This is the lion that was killed by Heracles at Nemea. </blockquote><blockquote>The Lion has three stars on its head, one on its chest and two below, a bright one on its right paw, one in the middle of its belly, another below, one on its hip, one on its hind knee, a bright one at the tip of its paw, two on its neck, three on its back, one in the middle of its tail, and a bright one at the tip of its tail. Nineteen in all.</blockquote><blockquote>[[File:Leo+Com DenderaEckig GZotti.JPG\|thumb\|Leo and the "triangle near the tail"; rectangular zodiac of Dendera ]]Above the Lion, one can also see seven dim stars forming a triangle towards the tail. They are called “the Hair of Berenice the Benefactor”.</blockquote>'''Eratosthenes's star catalogue''' can be reconstructed from the list of stars he mentions in the last section of each of the constelllation descriptions. Hoffmann (2017)<ref name=":02">Hoffmann, S. M., <nowiki><i>Hipparchs Himmelsglobus</i></nowiki>. Springer Wiesbaden/ New York, 2017. doi:10.1007/978-3-658-18683-8.</ref> made such a catalogue and used it for computational comparison with Hipparchus's, Ptolemy's and Babylonian data; it is based on the edition and translation by Pamias and Geus (2007)<ref>Eratosthenes: Sternsagen, übersetzt von Pamìas, Jordi und Geus, Klaus, Verlag Utopica, Oberhaid 2007</ref> and presented here in English translation.

	{\|class="wikitable"		{\|class="wikitable"
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Sushoff: /* Stars Mentioned */

2026-08-26T14:02:30Z

Stars Mentioned

Show changes

Sushoff: /* Eratosthenes */

2026-08-24T12:47:23Z

Eratosthenes

Show changes

Sushoff: /* Egyptian */

2026-08-04T18:09:40Z

Egyptian

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:09, 4 August 2026
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	===== Egyptian =====		===== Egyptian =====
	In Ptolemaic times (1st century BCE), when Egypt was ruled by the Romans, new Egyptian temples were built in Esna and Dendera (south and north of Thebes/ Luxor). They display a cultural mixture of Babylonian and Egyptian constellations.		In Ptolemaic times (1st century BCE), when Egypt was ruled by the Romans, new Egyptian temples were built: a Chnum temple in Esna and a Hathor temple Dendera (south and north of Thebes/ Luxor). They display a cultural mixture of Babylonian and Egyptian constellations.
	<gallery>		<gallery>
	File:Leo+Com DenderaEckig GZotti.JPG\|Leo (and Com); rectangular zodiac of Dendera		File:Leo+Com DenderaEckig GZotti.JPG\|Leo (and Com); rectangular zodiac of Dendera

Sushoff: /* Egyptian */

2026-08-04T17:55:39Z

Egyptian

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:55, 4 August 2026
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	<gallery>		<gallery>
	File:Leo+Com DenderaEckig GZotti.JPG\|Leo (and Com); rectangular zodiac of Dendera		File:Leo+Com DenderaEckig GZotti.JPG\|Leo (and Com); rectangular zodiac of Dendera
			File:Leo+Com+Hya DenderaCirc Louvre.JPG\|Leo with Com, Hya, Crv, circular zodiac of Dendera (CC BY [https://collections.louvre.fr/en/ark:/53355/cl010028871 Musée du Louvre, Département des Antiquités égyptiennes])
	</gallery>		</gallery>

Sushoff: /* Egyptian */

2026-08-04T11:36:58Z

Egyptian

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:36, 4 August 2026
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	===== Egyptian =====		===== Egyptian =====
			In Ptolemaic times (1st century BCE), when Egypt was ruled by the Romans, new Egyptian temples were built in Esna and Dendera (south and north of Thebes/ Luxor). They display a cultural mixture of Babylonian and Egyptian constellations.
	<gallery>		<gallery>
	File:Leo+Com DenderaEckig GZotti.JPG\|Leo (and Com); rectangular zodiac of Dendera		File:Leo+Com DenderaEckig GZotti.JPG\|Leo (and Com); rectangular zodiac of Dendera

Sushoff: /* Greco-Roman */

2026-08-04T11:06:07Z

Greco-Roman

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:06, 4 August 2026
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	==== Greco-Roman ====		==== Greco-Roman ====

			===== Egyptian =====
			<gallery>
			File:Leo+Com DenderaEckig GZotti.JPG\|Leo (and Com); rectangular zodiac of Dendera
			</gallery>

	===== Aratos =====		===== Aratos =====

Sushoff: /* Eratosthenes */

2026-08-04T05:44:23Z

Eratosthenes

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:44, 4 August 2026
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	===== Eratosthenes =====		===== Eratosthenes =====
	Pamias and Zucker (2013,<ref>Pamìas, Jordi und Zucker, Arnaud (2013). Ératosthènes de Cyrène: Catastérrismes, Belles Lettres, Paris</ref> 38-40)<blockquote>'''Var. 1:''' It is one of the most prominent constellations. Apparently, the zodiacal Lion was granted this honour by Zeus because it ranks first among four-legged animals. Some <say> that it represents the first labour performed by Heracles.</blockquote><blockquote>Leo has three stars on its head, two on its neck, one on its chest, three on its back, one bright star on its tail, two beneath its chest, and one on its forepaw. Thirteen in all.</blockquote><blockquote>'''Var. 2:''' It is one of the most prominent constellations. Apparently, the zodiacal Lion was granted this honour by Zeus because it ranks first among four-legged animals. Some say it represents the first labour accomplished by Heracles, placed there so that the memory might be preserved. It is indeed the only animal he killed unarmed, for the love of glory, by suffocating it in his arms. Pisander of Rhodes recounts this episode. Hence Heracles wears the lion’s skin, a sign of the illustrious feat he accomplished. This is the lion that was killed by Heracles at Nemea. </blockquote><blockquote>The Lion has three stars on its head, one on its chest and two below, a bright one on its right paw, one in the middle of its belly, another below, one on its hip, one on its hind knee, a bright one at the tip of its paw, two on its neck, three on its back, one in the middle of its tail, and a bright one at the tip of its tail. Nineteen in all.</blockquote><blockquote>Above the Lion, one can also see seven dim stars forming a triangle towards the tail. They are called “the Hair of Berenice the Benefactor”.</blockquote>		Pamias and Zucker (2013,<ref>Pamìas, Jordi und Zucker, Arnaud (2013). Ératosthènes de Cyrène: Catastérrismes, Belles Lettres, Paris</ref> 38-40)<blockquote>'''Var. 1:''' It is one of the most prominent constellations. Apparently, the zodiacal Lion was granted this honour by Zeus because it ranks first among four-legged animals. Some <say> that it represents the first labour performed by Heracles.</blockquote><blockquote>Leo has three stars on its head, two on its neck, one on its chest, three on its back, one bright star on its tail, two beneath its chest, and one on its forepaw. Thirteen in all.</blockquote><blockquote>'''Var. 2:''' It is one of the most prominent constellations. Apparently, the zodiacal Lion was granted this honour by Zeus because it ranks first among four-legged animals. Some say it represents the first labour accomplished by Heracles, placed there so that the memory might be preserved. It is indeed the only animal he killed unarmed, for the love of glory, by suffocating it in his arms. Pisander of Rhodes recounts this episode. Hence Heracles wears the lion’s skin, a sign of the illustrious feat he accomplished. This is the lion that was killed by Heracles at Nemea. </blockquote><blockquote>The Lion has three stars on its head, one on its chest and two below, a bright one on its right paw, one in the middle of its belly, another below, one on its hip, one on its hind knee, a bright one at the tip of its paw, two on its neck, three on its back, one in the middle of its tail, and a bright one at the tip of its tail. Nineteen in all.</blockquote><blockquote>[[File:Leo+Com DenderaEckig GZotti.JPG\|thumb\|Leo and the "triangle near the tail"; rectangular zodiac of Dendera ]]Above the Lion, one can also see seven dim stars forming a triangle towards the tail. They are called “the Hair of Berenice the Benefactor”.</blockquote>

	===== Hipparchus =====		===== Hipparchus =====

Sushoff: /* Origin of Constellation */

2026-07-29T08:06:36Z

Origin of Constellation

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:06, 29 July 2026
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	==Etymology and History==		==Etymology and History==
	[[File:Kugel cnc+leo+hya+vir.JPG\|thumb\|Kugel Globe: Cancer, Leo, Hydra, Virgo (drawing by SMH 2024)]]		[[File:Kugel cnc+leo+hya+vir.JPG\|thumb\|[[Kugel Globe]]: Cancer, Leo, Hydra, Virgo (drawing by SMH 2024)<ref>Hoffmann (2025), Some Results on the Ancient Globes, Globe Studies – The Journal of the International Coronelli Society, 69, 4169.</ref>, cf WGSN 2025<ref>Susanne M. Hoffmann,* Khalid AlAjaji, B.S. Shylaja, Yang Boshun, Danielle Adams, Eric Mamajek, Ian Ridpath, Paul Baki, Juan Antonio Belmonte Avilés, Sze-Leung Cheung, Daniel Cunnama, Jörg Matthias Determann, M. Sadegh Faghanpour, Steven Gullberg, Duane Hamacher, Roland Laffitte, Alejandro M. López, Javier Mejuto, Thierry Montmerle, Clive Ruggles, Shi Yunli, Doris Vickers, Sun Xiaochun, and Hitoshi Yamaoka (2025). The IAU Working Group on Star Names (WGSN): '''Research Finds in 2025'''. ''Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage'', 28(4), 1026–1038 (2025).</ref>.]]

	===Origin of Constellation===		===Origin of Constellation===

Sushoff at 08:01, 29 July 2026

2026-07-29T08:01:50Z

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 ----
 [[File:Leo IAU.svg|alt=star chart|thumb|Leo star chart (IAU and Sky & Telescope magazine, Roger Sinnott & Rick Fienberg).]]
 One of the [[:Category:88_IAU-Constellations|88 IAU constellations]] with Greco-Roman background. It has been developed from a Babylonian predecessor ([[UR.GU.LA]]). The constellation lies in the zodiac and was therefore adopted from Greek astronomy around the middle of the 1st millennium BCE from Babylon. In Mesopotamia a millennium earlier, however, it was not named directly after an animal: the Sumerian word UR.GU.LA refers to a demon that looks like a winged lion, as depicted on a clay tablet as a scratch drawing.