Lokono (Asterism Names) - Revision history

YoulaAzkarrula at 07:41, 8 June 2026

2026-06-08T07:41:08Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:41, 8 June 2026
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	* [[References]] (general)		* [[References]] (general)
	* [[References]] (Lokono)		* [[References (Lokono)]] (Lokono)

	[[Category:South American]] [[Category:American]] [[Category:Lokono]]		[[Category:South American]] [[Category:American]] [[Category:Lokono]]
	[[Category:Overviews]]		[[Category:Overviews]]
	[[Category:Service]]		[[Category:Service]]

YoulaAzkarrula: /* References */

2026-06-08T07:40:15Z

References

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:40, 8 June 2026
Line 234:		Line 234:

	* [[References]] (general)		* [[References]] (general)
			* [[References]] (Lokono)

	[[Category:South American]] [[Category:American]] [[Category:Lokono]]		[[Category:South American]] [[Category:American]] [[Category:Lokono]]
	[[Category:Overviews]]		[[Category:Overviews]]
	[[Category:Service]]		[[Category:Service]]

YoulaAzkarrula at 03:57, 6 May 2026

2026-05-06T03:57:19Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:57, 6 May 2026
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	''“old and wise men whom they call Cemetu assemble in the houses designed for their meetings and […] recount the traditions and exploits of their ancestors and great men, and also narrate what those ancestors heard from their forefathers; so that in this manner they remember the most ancient events of their country and people. And, in like manner they recount or preach about events relating to the heavens, the sun, moon, and stars.”''<ref>Rybka, Konrad. 2015. [“State-of-the-Art in the Development of the Lokono Language.”](<nowiki>https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/handle/10125/24635</nowiki>) Language Documentation and Conservation 9: 110–13.</ref>		''“old and wise men whom they call Cemetu assemble in the houses designed for their meetings and […] recount the traditions and exploits of their ancestors and great men, and also narrate what those ancestors heard from their forefathers; so that in this manner they remember the most ancient events of their country and people. And, in like manner they recount or preach about events relating to the heavens, the sun, moon, and stars.”''<ref>Rybka, Konrad. 2015. [“State-of-the-Art in the Development of the Lokono Language.”](<nowiki>https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/handle/10125/24635</nowiki>) Language Documentation and Conservation 9: 110–13.</ref>

	Navarette's ''cemetu'', the medicine-men known in modern Lokono as ''semethi'', have largely given up their practices today, which may be the reason why the transmission of astronomical knowledge has been interrupted. Many Lokono constellations appear to have been forgotten today. Our sources are therefore often limited to historical accounts written by early explorers and ethnographers of the Guianas, one of the oldest examples of which is illustrated below.<ref>Rybka, Konrad (online). Lokono sky culture in Stellarium, <nowiki>https://github.com/stellarium/stellarium</nowiki> , printed in Hoffmann and Wolfschmidt (eds., 2022), Astronomy in Culture --Cultures of Astronomy. Astronomie in der Kultur--Kulturen der Astronomie.: Featuring the Proceedings of the Splinter Meeting at the Annual Conference of the Astronomische Gesselschafb Sept. 14-16, 2021, tredition, Ahrensburg (Germany): 706-726.</ref>		Navarette's ''cemetu'', the medicine-men known in modern Lokono as ''semethi'', have largely given up their practices today, which may be the reason why the transmission of astronomical knowledge has been interrupted. Many Lokono constellations appear to have been forgotten today. Our sources are therefore often limited to historical accounts written by early explorers and ethnographers of the Guianas, one of the oldest examples of which is illustrated below.<ref name=":0">Rybka, Konrad (online). Lokono sky culture in Stellarium, <nowiki>https://github.com/stellarium/stellarium</nowiki> , printed in Hoffmann and Wolfschmidt (eds., 2022), Astronomy in Culture --Cultures of Astronomy. Astronomie in der Kultur--Kulturen der Astronomie.: Featuring the Proceedings of the Splinter Meeting at the Annual Conference of the Astronomische Gesselschafb Sept. 14-16, 2021, tredition, Ahrensburg (Germany): 706-726.</ref>
	[[File:Theodor S, Lokono.png\|center\|thumb\|List of Lokono stars by Theodor Schulz, circa 1803]]		[[File:Theodor S, Lokono.png\|center\|thumb\|List of Lokono stars by Theodor Schulz, circa 1803]]
	== Solar System Names ==		== Solar System Names ==
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	\|unknown		\|unknown
	\|}		\|}

			== Shared Guianan knowledge ==
			The Lokono territory borders that of two linguistically unrelated indigenous peoples, the Kari’na, speaking a Cariban language, and the Warao, speaking a language isolate. Though unrelated and traditionally not intermarrying, the three groups share a great deal of material and immaterial culture. Ethnoastronomical tradition of the three peoples also shows a number of striking similarities, such as shared stellar myths, similar names of constellations, and parallels in the stellar calendar. This speaks to the contacts between the three groups and to the exchange of astronomical knowledge, possibly facilitated by their respective spiritual leaders, such as the Lokono ''semethi''. The degree to which these traditions overlap and the directionality of their exchange require further study. Here, we focus on the Lokono and therefore do not discuss these cultural borrowings in detail, unless they shed light on the Lokono ethnoastronomy.<ref name=":0" />

			=== Stellar oral traditions ===
			One of such shared features are myths about stars. Such oral traditions tell of the origins of particular celestial bodies, link them to one another, and explain their influence on the natural world. The Lokono constellation ''Hithikoya'' ‘Spirit of the black curassow’, for instance, is linked in a Lokono myth to that of ''Yokhârhin'' ‘Hunter’ and ''Alêti'' ‘Torch’, all three of which have Kari’na and Warao equivalents. It is these oral traditions, preserved by the medicine-men, that likely served as the main vehicle through which astronomical knowledge was passed from one generation to another. For this reason, summaries of the relevant myths are given in the description of particular constellations. Occasionally, when the relevant Lokono myth is not documented, myths of the neighboring groups are referred to in order to illuminate the significance of particular celestial bodies. Given that many of such oral traditions are shared by the Lokono and the neighboring groups, this enhancement of the poorly preserved Lokono astronomical knowledge is justified.<ref name=":0" />

			=== Calendar of spirits ===
			The term ''koya'' ‘spirit’, found in numerous constellation names typically following a term for a particular plant or animal, is a key feature of Lokono astronomy. Walter Roth, an ethnographer of the Guianas, explains that such constellations are the spirits of the corresponding beings.<ref>Roth, Walter Edmund. 1924. An Introductory Study of the Arts, Crafts, and Customs of the Guiana Indians. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.</ref> At a time of the year when the constellation appears, the spirit travels from the sky to earth to breathe life into the beings it represents. As such, the ''koya''-constellations formed a calendar, indicating what the best time is to engage in subsistence activities related to these plants and animals (e.g. hunting or gathering). The Lokono may have also known where such spirits would descend on earth; Walter Roth suggests that they called these places with the same names as the constellations but the evidence of that remains poor. Thus, ''Hadorhikoya'' ‘Spirit of the red acouchi’ would refer to the spirit, the constellation, and the place where the ''hadorhi'' is found in plenty when its constellation appears. While this toponymic knowledge is forgotten today, the ''koya''-constellations remind us of the great understanding of the plant and animal life that the Lokono possessed.<ref name=":0" />

			=== Wiwa, the star and the year ===
			The Lokono also have another general term that is used to refer to stars, ''wiwa''. The term lacks the spiritual connotations of ''koya.'' It refers, on the one hand, to the physical quality of stars as something shining and, on the other hand, to the calendar year. As such, it is used, for instance, when talking about one’s age. While it can apply to any star, ''wiwa'' appears only in two proper names of celestial bodies. ''Yôkoro wiwa'', literally ‘Scores of stars’ (Pleiades), is the most important of all Lokono constellations, whose appearance traditionally commences the Lokono calendar year. Following ''Yôkoro wiwa'' are the numerous ''koya''-constellations, each signaling a different season in the Lokono calendar. On the other hand, ''Wiwa kalemero'', literally ‘Shining star’ (Jupiter) appears to have been singled out solely due to its brightness. Apart from ''wiwa'' and ''koya'', there are no generic terms distinguishing planets, stars, moons, suns, galaxies and so on in the Lokono language. For this reason, the Lokono equivalent of the Milky Way, for instance, is included among other constellations.

			=== Sky watching practices ===
			While the Lokono can admire the sky in the evening, to follow the Lokono stellar calendar, one has to look at the constellations around 4 am in the morning, the time when the Lokono usually wake up. The Lokono thus observe the rising of the constellations in the morning. To get the right idea of the yearly cycle of constellations, one should also set the viewing location to the Guianas (e.g. Georgetown, Paramaribo, or Cayenne in the location menu). It merits a mention that many Lokono, when drawing constellations, did not connect the stars with lines and that in some cases, there was little agreement among speakers as to which star within a constellation corresponds to which parts of the plant or animal it represents. In Stellarium, we represent constellations with lines, but it should be kept in mind that this may be a distortion of the Lokono tradition, which allows for more flexibility in interpreting particular star groups. Finally, there are restrictions on looking at some celestial bodies, since it is believed that a spirit can harm one if looked at.<ref>Goeje, Claudius Henricus de. 1943. Philosophy, Initiation and Myths of the Indians of Guiana and Adjacent Countries. Archives Internationales d’ethnographie. 44.</ref> For instance, by full moon, mothers covered the eyes of their children so that they would not become sick.<ref>Abbenhuis, M.F. 1939. Arawakken in Suriname: Enquête-Materiaal Voor Een Volkenkundige Studie. Paramaribo: Leo Victor.</ref> Young people were also told not to look at ''Yôkoro wiwa'' (Pleiades), or else they would not grow.<ref>Coll, Cornelius van. 1903. “Gegevens over Land En Volk van Suriname I - Suriname’s Oorspronkelijke Bevolking.” Bijdragen Tot de Taal-, Land- En Volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 55 (1): 453–529.</ref> Such practices applied also to other objects believed to harbor powerful spirits and included other ways of avoiding eye-contact with spirits such rubbing peppers, limes, or salt into one’s eyes.<ref name=":0" />

	== References ==		== References ==

YoulaAzkarrula at 03:14, 6 May 2026

2026-05-06T03:14:26Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:14, 6 May 2026
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	''“old and wise men whom they call Cemetu assemble in the houses designed for their meetings and […] recount the traditions and exploits of their ancestors and great men, and also narrate what those ancestors heard from their forefathers; so that in this manner they remember the most ancient events of their country and people. And, in like manner they recount or preach about events relating to the heavens, the sun, moon, and stars.”''<ref>Rybka, Konrad. 2015. [“State-of-the-Art in the Development of the Lokono Language.”](<nowiki>https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/handle/10125/24635</nowiki>) Language Documentation and Conservation 9: 110–13.</ref>		''“old and wise men whom they call Cemetu assemble in the houses designed for their meetings and […] recount the traditions and exploits of their ancestors and great men, and also narrate what those ancestors heard from their forefathers; so that in this manner they remember the most ancient events of their country and people. And, in like manner they recount or preach about events relating to the heavens, the sun, moon, and stars.”''<ref>Rybka, Konrad. 2015. [“State-of-the-Art in the Development of the Lokono Language.”](<nowiki>https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/handle/10125/24635</nowiki>) Language Documentation and Conservation 9: 110–13.</ref>

	Navarette's ''cemetu'', the medicine-men known in modern Lokono as ''semethi'', have largely given up their practices today, which may be the reason why the transmission of astronomical knowledge has been interrupted. Many Lokono constellations appear to have been forgotten today. Our sources are therefore often limited to historical accounts written by early explorers and ethnographers of the Guianas, one of the oldest examples of which is illustrated below.		Navarette's ''cemetu'', the medicine-men known in modern Lokono as ''semethi'', have largely given up their practices today, which may be the reason why the transmission of astronomical knowledge has been interrupted. Many Lokono constellations appear to have been forgotten today. Our sources are therefore often limited to historical accounts written by early explorers and ethnographers of the Guianas, one of the oldest examples of which is illustrated below.<ref>Rybka, Konrad (online). Lokono sky culture in Stellarium, <nowiki>https://github.com/stellarium/stellarium</nowiki> , printed in Hoffmann and Wolfschmidt (eds., 2022), Astronomy in Culture --Cultures of Astronomy. Astronomie in der Kultur--Kulturen der Astronomie.: Featuring the Proceedings of the Splinter Meeting at the Annual Conference of the Astronomische Gesselschafb Sept. 14-16, 2021, tredition, Ahrensburg (Germany): 706-726.</ref>
	[[File:Theodor S, Lokono.png\|center\|thumb\|List of Lokono stars by Theodor Schulz, circa 1803]]		[[File:Theodor S, Lokono.png\|center\|thumb\|List of Lokono stars by Theodor Schulz, circa 1803]]
	== Solar System Names ==		== Solar System Names ==

YoulaAzkarrula: /* Here is an overview on Lokono asterism names */

2026-05-06T03:13:52Z

Here is an overview on Lokono asterism names

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:13, 6 May 2026
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	!Commentary		!Commentary
	\|-		\|-
	\|Hadali		\|[[Hadali]]
	\|Sun		\|Sun
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
	\|Kathi		\|[[Kathi]]
	\|Moon		\|Moon
	\|		\|
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	\|Ursa Major		\|Ursa Major
	\|-		\|-
	\|Arakabosakoya		\|[[Arakabosakoya]]
	\|Spirit of the gun		\|Spirit of the gun
	\|unknown		\|unknown
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	\|Sun		\|Sun
	\|-		\|-
	\|Hadorhikoya		\|[[Hadorhikoya]]
	\|Spirit of the red acouchi		\|Spirit of the red acouchi
	\|unknown		\|unknown
	\|-		\|-
	\|Hawkoya		\|[[Hawkoya]]
	\|Spirit of the pale-throated sloth		\|Spirit of the pale-throated sloth
	\|unknown		\|unknown
	\|-		\|-
	\|Hikarowanakoya		\|[[Hikarowanakoya]]
	\|Spirit of the little cuckoo		\|Spirit of the little cuckoo
	\|unknown		\|unknown
	\|-		\|-
	\|Hikorhikoya		\|[[Hikorhikoya]]
	\|Spirit of the yellow-footed tortoise		\|Spirit of the yellow-footed tortoise
	\|unknown		\|unknown
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	\|Crux		\|Crux
	\|-		\|-
	\|Hokorherokoya		\|[[Hokorherokoya]]
	\|Spirit of the red-rumped agouti		\|Spirit of the red-rumped agouti
	\|unknown		\|unknown
	\|-		\|-
	\|Honolikoya		\|[[Honolikoya]]
	\|Spirit of the rufescent tiger heron		\|Spirit of the rufescent tiger heron
	\|unknown		\|unknown
	\|-		\|-
	\|Howakoya		\|[[Howakoya]]
	\|Spirit of the white-faced saki		\|Spirit of the white-faced saki
	\|unknown		\|unknown
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	\|Corona Australis		\|Corona Australis
	\|-		\|-
	\|Imenarikoya		\|[[Imenarikoya]]
	\|Spirit of the scorpion		\|Spirit of the scorpion
	\|unknown		\|unknown
	\|-		\|-
	\|Kabadarokoya		\|[[Kabadarokoya]]
	\|Spirit of the jaguar		\|Spirit of the jaguar
	\|unknown		\|unknown
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	\|Hyades		\|Hyades
	\|-		\|-
	\|Kamodokoya		\|[[Kamodokoya]]
	\|Spirit of the green anaconda		\|Spirit of the green anaconda
	\|unclear		\|unclear
	\|-		\|-
	\|Kasipenikoya		\|[[Kasipenikoya]]
	\|Spirit of a tortoise		\|Spirit of a tortoise
	\|unknown		\|unknown
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	\|Moon		\|Moon
	\|-		\|-
	\|Kibiwarhakoya		\|[[Kibiwarhakoya]]
	\|Spirit of the capibara		\|Spirit of the capibara
	\|unknown		\|unknown
	\|-		\|-
	\|Korherokoya		\|[[Korherokoya]]
	\|Spirit of the parrot		\|Spirit of the parrot
	\|unknown		\|unknown
	\|-		\|-
	\|Korhirhwathekoya		\|[[Korhirhwathekoya]]
	\|Spirit of the ocelot		\|Spirit of the ocelot
	\|unknown		\|unknown
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	\|Sirius		\|Sirius
	\|-		\|-
	\|Maraka		\|[[Maraka]]
	\|Medicine-men’s rattle		\|Medicine-men’s rattle
	\|unknown		\|unknown
	\|-		\|-
	\|Marodikoya		\|[[Marodikoya]]
	\|Spirit of the marail guan		\|Spirit of the marail guan
	\|unknown		\|unknown
	\|-		\|-
	\|Shimarhabokoya		\|[[Shimarhabokoya]]
	\|Spirit of the bow and arrow		\|Spirit of the bow and arrow
	\|unknown		\|unknown
	\|-		\|-
	\|Sûtukoya		\|[[Sutukoya\|Sûtukoya]]
	\|Spirit of the red-handed tamarin		\|Spirit of the red-handed tamarin
	\|unknown		\|unknown
	\|-		\|-
	\|Warhemedokoya		\|[[Warhemedokoya]]
	\|Spirit of the two-toed sloth		\|Spirit of the two-toed sloth
	\|unknown		\|unknown
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	\|Jupiter		\|Jupiter
	\|-		\|-
	\|Yarheyarherokoya		\|[[Yarheyarherokoya]]
	\|Spirit of the lilac-tailed parrot		\|Spirit of the lilac-tailed parrot
	\|unknown		\|unknown
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	\|Pegasus		\|Pegasus
	\|-		\|-
	\|Yôwanakoya		\|[[Yowanakoya\|Yôwanakoya]]
	\|Spirit of the green iguana		\|Spirit of the green iguana
	\|unknown		\|unknown

YoulaAzkarrula at 02:32, 5 May 2026

2026-05-05T02:32:15Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:32, 5 May 2026
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	== References ==		== References ==

			* [[References]] (general)

	[[Category:South American]] [[Category:American]] [[Category:Lokono]]		[[Category:South American]] [[Category:American]] [[Category:Lokono]]
	[[Category:Overviews]]		[[Category:Overviews]]
	[[Category:Service]]		[[Category:Service]]

YoulaAzkarrula at 02:29, 5 May 2026

2026-05-05T02:29:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:29, 5 May 2026
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	Navarette's ''cemetu'', the medicine-men known in modern Lokono as ''semethi'', have largely given up their practices today, which may be the reason why the transmission of astronomical knowledge has been interrupted. Many Lokono constellations appear to have been forgotten today. Our sources are therefore often limited to historical accounts written by early explorers and ethnographers of the Guianas, one of the oldest examples of which is illustrated below.		Navarette's ''cemetu'', the medicine-men known in modern Lokono as ''semethi'', have largely given up their practices today, which may be the reason why the transmission of astronomical knowledge has been interrupted. Many Lokono constellations appear to have been forgotten today. Our sources are therefore often limited to historical accounts written by early explorers and ethnographers of the Guianas, one of the oldest examples of which is illustrated below.
	[[File:Theodor S, Lokono.png\|center\|thumb\|List of Lokono stars by Theodor Schulz, circa 1803]]		[[File:Theodor S, Lokono.png\|center\|thumb\|List of Lokono stars by Theodor Schulz, circa 1803]]


	~~, but this living culture is currently being studied by ethnographers (...).~~

	== Solar System Names ==		== Solar System Names ==
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"

YoulaAzkarrula at 02:29, 5 May 2026

2026-05-05T02:29:03Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:29, 5 May 2026
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	From contemporary and historical accounts, it appears that astronomical knowledge was not restricted to particular members of the Lokono society. However, it was the medicine-men in particular—the spiritual leaders of the Lokono known as ''semethi''—who were required to master the various aspects of star knowledge and who might have been responsible for passing the oral traditions associated with them from one generation to another. From Rodrigo de Navarette, who around 1550 wrote one of the first accounts of the Lokono, we learn, for instance, that:		From contemporary and historical accounts, it appears that astronomical knowledge was not restricted to particular members of the Lokono society. However, it was the medicine-men in particular—the spiritual leaders of the Lokono known as ''semethi''—who were required to master the various aspects of star knowledge and who might have been responsible for passing the oral traditions associated with them from one generation to another. From Rodrigo de Navarette, who around 1550 wrote one of the first accounts of the Lokono, we learn, for instance, that:

	''“old and wise men whom they call Cemetu assemble in the houses designed for their meetings and […] recount the traditions and exploits of their ancestors and great men, and also narrate what those ancestors heard from their forefathers; so that in this manner they remember the most ancient events of their country and people. And, in like manner they recount or preach about events relating to the heavens, the sun, moon, and stars.”''[#1]		''“old and wise men whom they call Cemetu assemble in the houses designed for their meetings and […] recount the traditions and exploits of their ancestors and great men, and also narrate what those ancestors heard from their forefathers; so that in this manner they remember the most ancient events of their country and people. And, in like manner they recount or preach about events relating to the heavens, the sun, moon, and stars.”''<ref>Rybka, Konrad. 2015. [“State-of-the-Art in the Development of the Lokono Language.”](<nowiki>https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/handle/10125/24635</nowiki>) Language Documentation and Conservation 9: 110–13.</ref>

	Navarette's ''cemetu'', the medicine-men known in modern Lokono as ''semethi'', have largely given up their practices today, which may be the reason why the transmission of astronomical knowledge has been interrupted. Many Lokono constellations appear to have been forgotten today. Our sources are therefore often limited to historical accounts written by early explorers and ethnographers of the Guianas, one of the oldest examples of which is illustrated below.		Navarette's ''cemetu'', the medicine-men known in modern Lokono as ''semethi'', have largely given up their practices today, which may be the reason why the transmission of astronomical knowledge has been interrupted. Many Lokono constellations appear to have been forgotten today. Our sources are therefore often limited to historical accounts written by early explorers and ethnographers of the Guianas, one of the oldest examples of which is illustrated below.
Line 220:		Line 220:
	\|}		\|}

			== References ==
	[[Category:South American]] [[Category:American]] [[Category:Lokono]]		[[Category:South American]] [[Category:American]] [[Category:Lokono]]
	[[Category:Overviews]]		[[Category:Overviews]]
	[[Category:Service]]		[[Category:Service]]

YoulaAzkarrula at 07:49, 4 May 2026

2026-05-04T07:49:20Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:49, 4 May 2026
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	\|Venus		\|Venus
	\|-		\|-
	\|Waya nukuthi bunaha		\|[[Waya nukuthi bunaha]]
	\|Path of the carriers of clay		\|Path of the carriers of clay
	\|Milky Way		\|Milky Way

YoulaAzkarrula: /* Solar System Names */

2026-05-04T07:48:50Z

Solar System Names

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:48, 4 May 2026
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	\|Hadali		\|Hadali
	\|Sun		\|Sun
	\|~~...~~		\|
	\|-		\|-
	\|Kathi		\|Kathi
	\|Moon		\|Moon
	\|~~...~~		\|
	\|-		\|-
	\|~~...~~		\|
	\|Mercury		\|Mercury
	\|~~...~~		\|
	\|-		\|-
	\|Warkohoma		\|Warkohoma
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	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
	\|~~...~~		\|
	\|Mars		\|Mars
	\|~~...~~		\|
	\|-		\|-
	\|Wiwa kalemero		\|Wiwa kalemero
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	\|shining star		\|shining star
	\|-		\|-
	\|~~...~~		\|
	\|Saturn		\|Saturn
	\|~~...~~		\|
	\|}		\|}

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	! Lokono !! Etymological Meaning, when possible !! Commentary		! Lokono !! Etymological Meaning, when possible !! Commentary
	\|-		\|-
	\|Alêti		\|[[Aleti\|Alêti]]
	\|Torch		\|Torch
	\|β Centauri		\|β Centauri
	\|-		\|-
	\|Anorhâkoya		\|[[Anorhakoya\|Anorhâkoya]]
	\|Spirit of the cocoi heron		\|Spirit of the cocoi heron
	\|Ursa Major		\|Ursa Major
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	\|unknown		\|unknown
	\|-		\|-
	\|Awarhakoya		\|[[Awarhakoya]]
	\|Spirit of the awara palm		\|Spirit of the awara palm
	\|Coma Berenices		\|Coma Berenices
	\|-		\|-
	\|Hadali		\|[[Hadali]]
	\|		\|
	\|Sun		\|Sun
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	\|unknown		\|unknown
	\|-		\|-
	\|Hithikoya		\|[[Hithikoya]]
	\|Spirit of the black curassow		\|Spirit of the black curassow
	\|Crux		\|Crux
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	\|unknown		\|unknown
	\|-		\|-
	\|Ifakoya		\|[[Ifakoya]]
	\|Spirit of the Muscovy duck		\|Spirit of the Muscovy duck
	\|Corona Australis		\|Corona Australis
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	\|unknown		\|unknown
	\|-		\|-
	\|Kama tâla		\|[[Kama tala\|Kama tâla]]
	\|Jaw of the tapir		\|Jaw of the tapir
	\|Hyades		\|Hyades
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	\|unknown		\|unknown
	\|-		\|-
	\|Kasorhowakoya		\|[[Kasorhowakoya]]
	\|Spirit of the four-eyed fish		\|Spirit of the four-eyed fish
	\|λ Sco and υ Sco		\|λ Sco and υ Sco
	\|-		\|-
	\|Katarokoya		\|[[Katarokoya]]
	\|Spirit of the green sea turtle		\|Spirit of the green sea turtle
	\|Hercules		\|Hercules
	\|-		\|-
	\|Kathi		\|[[Kathi]]
	\|		\|
	\|Moon		\|Moon
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	\|unknown		\|unknown
	\|-		\|-
	\|Kwakoya		\|[[Kwakoya]]
	\|Spirit of the blue crab		\|Spirit of the blue crab
	\|Orion		\|Orion
	\|-		\|-
	\|Mabukuli		\|[[Mabukuli]]
	\|Man without a thigh		\|Man without a thigh
	\|Orion's belt		\|Orion's belt
	\|-		\|-
	\|Mali		\|[[Mali]]
	\|		\|
	\|Sirius		\|Sirius
Line 187:		Line 187:
	\|unknown		\|unknown
	\|-		\|-
	\|Warhokoma		\|[[Warhokoma]]
	\|		\|
	\|Venus		\|Venus
Line 203:		Line 203:
	\|unknown		\|unknown
	\|-		\|-
	\|Yokhârhin		\|[[Yokharhin\|Yokhârhin]]
	\|Hunter		\|Hunter
	\|α Centauri		\|α Centauri
	\|-		\|-
	\|Yôkoro wiwa		\|[[Yokoro wiwa\|Yôkoro wiwa]]
	\|Scores of stars		\|Scores of stars
	\|Pleiades		\|Pleiades
	\|-		\|-
	\|Yorhada		\|[[Yorhada]]
	\|Grill		\|Grill
	\|Pegasus		\|Pegasus