MAŠ.TAB.BA - Revision history

YoulaAzkarrula at 08:30, 25 May 2026

2026-05-25T08:30:05Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:30, 25 May 2026
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	[[Category:Mesopotamian]]		[[Category:Mesopotamian]]
	[[Category:Sumerian]]		[[Category:Sumerian]]
	[[Category:West Asian]]		[[Category:West Asian]] [[Category:Asian]]
	[[Category:Eurasia]]		[[Category:Eurasia]]
	[[Category:Cuneiform]]		[[Category:Cuneiform]] [[Category:Asterism]]
	[[Category:Constellation]]		[[Category:Constellation]] [[Category:Generic Term]]

Sushoff at 18:26, 26 March 2026

2026-03-26T18:26:59Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:26, 26 March 2026
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	Authors: ~~Gennady E. Kurtik,~~ {{PAGEAUTHORS}}~~, Euin Choung Kim~~		Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
	----		----
	[[File:Lugalirra+Meslamtaea Stellarium Gullberg.png\|thumb\|"Great Twins" as Lugalirra+Meslamtaea in Stellarium, painted by Jessica Gullberg (CC BY).]]		[[File:Lugalirra+Meslamtaea Stellarium Gullberg.png\|thumb\|"Great Twins" as Lugalirra+Meslamtaea in Stellarium, painted by Jessica Gullberg (CC BY).]]

Sushoff: /* Previous Identification. */

2026-03-05T17:10:56Z

Previous Identification.

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:10, 5 March 2026
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	Ziqpu XVIII, XIX:		Ziqpu XVIII, XIX:

	2) = α, β Geminorum (Castor and Pollux) [Schaumberger 1952, 229:XVIII-XIX; ASM, 86]. According to VAT 16436:10, <sup>múl</sup>MAŠ.MAŠ contain 2 stars [Schaumberger 1952, 226].		2) = α, β Geminorum ([[Castor]] and [[Pollux]]) [Schaumberger 1952, 229:XVIII-XIX; ASM, 86]. According to VAT 16436:10, <sup>múl</sup>MAŠ.MAŠ contain 2 stars [Schaumberger 1952, 226].

	==== Parts of the constellation and individual stars. ====		==== Parts of the constellation and individual stars. ====

Sushoff at 17:07, 5 March 2026

2026-03-05T17:07:41Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:07, 5 March 2026
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	Authors: Gennady E. Kurtik, {{PAGEAUTHORS}}, Euin Choung Kim		Authors: Gennady E. Kurtik, {{PAGEAUTHORS}}, Euin Choung Kim
	----		----
			[[File:Lugalirra+Meslamtaea Stellarium Gullberg.png\|thumb\|"Great Twins" as Lugalirra+Meslamtaea in Stellarium, painted by Jessica Gullberg (CC BY).]]
	<sup>mul</sup>MAŠ.TAB.BA (𒀯𒈦𒋰𒁀) is an ancient Mesopotamian term; it is Sumerian for 'Twins' which can be a generic term, one of the seven Twin-constellations listed in the Great Star List, or - in LB times - an abbreviation for (Kurtik m17) [[MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL]], The Great Twins.		<sup>mul</sup>MAŠ.TAB.BA (𒀯𒈦𒋰𒁀) is an ancient Mesopotamian term; it is Sumerian for 'Twins' which can be a generic term, one of the seven Twin-constellations listed in the Great Star List, or - in LB times - an abbreviation for (Kurtik m17) [[MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL]], The Great Twins.

Sushoff at 17:06, 5 March 2026

2026-03-05T17:06:51Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:06, 5 March 2026
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			Authors: Gennady E. Kurtik, {{PAGEAUTHORS}}, Euin Choung Kim
			----

	<sup>mul</sup>MAŠ.TAB.BA (𒀯𒈦𒋰𒁀) is an ancient Mesopotamian term; it is Sumerian for 'Twins' which can be a generic term, one of the seven Twin-constellations listed in the Great Star List, or - in LB times - an abbreviation for (Kurtik m17) [[MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL]], The Great Twins.		<sup>mul</sup>MAŠ.TAB.BA (𒀯𒈦𒋰𒁀) is an ancient Mesopotamian term; it is Sumerian for 'Twins' which can be a generic term, one of the seven Twin-constellations listed in the Great Star List, or - in LB times - an abbreviation for (Kurtik m17) [[MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL]], The Great Twins.

Sushoff: /* II. Deity. */

2026-03-05T17:05:24Z

II. Deity.

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:05, 5 March 2026
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	=== Additional ===		=== Additional ===

	==== ~~II.~~ Deity. ====		==== Deity. ====
	Gemini as a deity has been known since Old Akkadian times. In the AN:<sup>d</sup>''Anum'' list of gods (V 306): <sup>d</sup>Maš.tab.ba = DINGIR.MEŠ ''ki-la''<sub>2</sub>''-la-an'' "Gemini = two deities" [Litke 1998, 197]; in the <sup>d</sup>''A-nu-um'' list: <sup>[d]</sup>maš.tab.ba [Cavigneaux 1981, 96:207]. For Neo-Assyrian images in small plastic images with the inscription <sup>d</sup>maš.maš maš.tab.ba see. [Green 1988; Wiggermann 1992, 38]. The earliest written evidence supporting the astral significance of Gemini is a list of stars from Emar, see above. The most common identification in astronomical texts is Lugalirra and Meslamtaea, i.e., the Great Twins; see also [Tallqvist 1938, 372]. According to [Foxvog 1993, 107], the text W 22646 contains a list of zodiacal constellation symbols in which <sup>múl</sup>SIPA ''u'' MAŠ.MAŠ (Orion and Gemini) corresponds to ''a-me-lu'' "people" [SpTU II, 43:3, 21].		Gemini as a deity has been known since Old Akkadian times.

			In the AN:

			* <sup>d</sup>''Anum'' list of gods (V 306): <sup>d</sup>Maš.tab.ba = DINGIR.MEŠ ''ki-la''<sub>2</sub>''-la-an'' "Gemini = two deities" [Litke 1998, 197];
			* in the <sup>d</sup>''A-nu-um'' list: <sup>[d]</sup>maš.tab.ba [Cavigneaux 1981, 96:207].
			* For Neo-Assyrian images in small plastic images with the inscription <sup>d</sup>maš.maš maš.tab.ba see. [Green 1988; Wiggermann 1992, 38].
			* The earliest written evidence supporting the astral significance of Gemini is a list of stars from Emar, see above. The most common identification in astronomical texts is Lugalirra and Meslamtaea, i.e., the Great Twins; see also [Tallqvist 1938, 372]. According to [Foxvog 1993, 107], the text W 22646 contains a list of zodiacal constellation symbols in which <sup>múl</sup>SIPA ''u'' MAŠ.MAŠ ([[Orion]] and [[Gemini]]) corresponds to ''a-me-lu'' "people" [SpTU II, 43:3, 21].

	===== Prayers and rituals. =====		===== Prayers and rituals. =====

Sushoff at 17:03, 5 March 2026

2026-03-05T17:03:46Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:03, 5 March 2026
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	* 3) = ziqpu XIX (β Gem) [G. 267; BPO 2, 13], see also (Kurtik m21) ''[[Māšū]]''.		* 3) = ziqpu XIX (β Gem) [G. 267; BPO 2, 13], see also (Kurtik m21) ''[[Māšū]]''.

			=== Sources and Identifications ===
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|+		\|+
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	* (2) Spell formula: [<sup>d</sup>maš.tab.b]a dingir 2-na-bi... "[Twins], both deities..." [Ebeling 1953a, 391:5].		* (2) Spell formula: [<sup>d</sup>maš.tab.b]a dingir 2-na-bi... "[Twins], both deities..." [Ebeling 1953a, 391:5].

	==== ~~III.~~ Symbol. ====		==== Symbol. ====
	For a description of the figure of the constellation of the Great Twins in Neo-Assyrian texts, see (Kurtk m17) [[MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL]], III.		For a description of the figure of the constellation of the Great Twins in Neo-Assyrian texts, see (Kurtk m17) [[MAŠ.TAB.BA.GAL.GAL]], III.

	==== ~~IV.~~ Identification. ====		==== Previous Identification. ====
	Constellation:		Constellation:

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	2) = α, β Geminorum (Castor and Pollux) [Schaumberger 1952, 229:XVIII-XIX; ASM, 86]. According to VAT 16436:10, <sup>múl</sup>MAŠ.MAŠ contain 2 stars [Schaumberger 1952, 226].		2) = α, β Geminorum (Castor and Pollux) [Schaumberger 1952, 229:XVIII-XIX; ASM, 86]. According to VAT 16436:10, <sup>múl</sup>MAŠ.MAŠ contain 2 stars [Schaumberger 1952, 226].

	==== V. Parts of the constellation and individual stars. ====		==== Parts of the constellation and individual stars. ====
	<sup>múl</sup>MAŠ.TAB.BA EGIR-''i'' "Rear Twin" (β Geminorum), see above ziqpu-text.		<sup>múl</sup>MAŠ.TAB.BA EGIR-''i'' "Rear Twin" (β Geminorum), see above ziqpu-text.

	==== ~~VI.~~ Astrology. ====		==== Astrology. ====

	===== Identifications: =====		===== Identifications: =====

Sushoff at 16:45, 5 March 2026

2026-03-05T16:45:43Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:45, 5 March 2026
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	Astrolabe P. Month of duuzu, stars of Anu, 110 [Pinches 1900, 574]. Astrolabe B.		Astrolabe P. Month of duuzu, stars of Anu, 110 [Pinches 1900, 574]. Astrolabe B.

	* (1) List (12´3):**a) <sup>mul</sup>[maš.tab.ba ''ša ina igi-it''] <sup>d</sup>''A-nim'' gub / <sup>d</sup>Lugal-gir<sub>3</sub>-˹ra ''u''˺ <sup>d</sup>''Mes-lam-ta-e''<sub>3</sub> "[The twins] standing [in front of] Anu, Lugalirra and Meslamtaea" (B ii 20-21), restored according to [Oelsner-Horowitz, Anu 8-9],		* (1) List (12´3):
			** (a) <sup>mul</sup>[maš.tab.ba ''ša ina igi-it''] <sup>d</sup>''A-nim'' gub / <sup>d</sup>Lugal-gir<sub>3</sub>-˹ra ''u''˺ <sup>d</sup>''Mes-lam-ta-e''<sub>3</sub> "[The twins] standing [in front of] Anu, Lugalirra and Meslamtaea" (B ii 20-21), restored according to [Oelsner-Horowitz, Anu 8-9],
	** (b) (B ii 24-28), see (Kurtik a18) [[AL.LUL]].		** (b) (B ii 24-28), see (Kurtik a18) [[AL.LUL]].
	* (2) List (3´12): <sup>iti</sup>šu ... <sup>mul</sup>maš.tab.ba ''šu-ut'' <sup>d</sup>''A-nim'' 'Month of du'uzu: Gemini (rising) (in the way of) Anu' (C ii 4).		* (2) List (3´12): <sup>iti</sup>šu ... <sup>mul</sup>maš.tab.ba ''šu-ut'' <sup>d</sup>''A-nim'' 'Month of du'uzu: Gemini (rising) (in the way of) Anu' (C ii 4).

Sushoff at 16:44, 5 March 2026

2026-03-05T16:44:22Z

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Sushoff: Reverted edits by Sushoff (talk) to last revision by DavidHilder

2026-03-05T16:34:31Z

Reverted edits by Sushoff (talk) to last revision by DavidHilder

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