PA.BIL.SAG - Revision history

Sushoff at 19:09, 26 March 2026

2026-03-26T19:09:53Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:09, 26 March 2026
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	Authors: ~~Gennady E. Kurtik,~~ {{PAGEAUTHORS}}~~, Euin Choung Kim~~		Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
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Sushoff at 08:39, 17 January 2026

2026-01-17T08:39:45Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:39, 17 January 2026
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			Authors: Gennady E. Kurtik, {{PAGEAUTHORS}}, Euin Choung Kim
			----

	[[File:Pabilsag stellarium2025.jpg\|thumb\|Pabilsag, Mesopotamian God, in boat. his torso in the Milky Way.]]		[[File:Pabilsag stellarium2025.jpg\|thumb\|Pabilsag, Mesopotamian God, in boat. his torso in the Milky Way.]]
	<sup>mul / d</sup>PA.BIL.SAG (𒀯𒉺𒉈𒊕) <s>ןד</s> is an Ancient Mesopotamian asterism corresponding to [[Sagittarius\|Sagittarius,]] [[Ophiuchus]], and perhaps [[Serpens]] [Gössmann<ref name=":0">''Gössmann P.F''. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).</ref> 358]. The luminous area of the constellation where it crosses the Milky Way is known as the ''[[Mišḫu\|mišhu]]'' of Pabilsag ([[Mišiḫ dPA.BIL.SAG\|Mišiḫ <sup>d</sup>PA.BIL.SAG]]). See also [[BURRUM AN.NA]].		<sup>mul / d</sup>PA.BIL.SAG (𒀯𒉺𒉈𒊕) <s>ןד</s> is an Ancient Mesopotamian asterism corresponding to [[Sagittarius\|Sagittarius,]] [[Ophiuchus]], and perhaps [[Serpens]] [Gössmann<ref name=":0">''Gössmann P.F''. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).</ref> 358]. The luminous area of the constellation where it crosses the Milky Way is known as the ''[[Mišḫu\|mišhu]]'' of Pabilsag ([[Mišiḫ dPA.BIL.SAG\|Mišiḫ <sup>d</sup>PA.BIL.SAG]]). See also [[BURRUM AN.NA]].

InitTeam at 21:20, 9 January 2026

2026-01-09T21:20:02Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:20, 9 January 2026
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	\|'''EAE.'''		\|'''EAE.'''
	See. [Rochberg-Halton 1988, 224f., 281; SpTU I<ref name=":5">''Špätbabylonische Texte aus Uruk.'' Teil I / Bearb. von H.Hunger. Berlin, 1976.</ref>, 90:8].		See. [Rochberg-Halton 1988<ref name=":17">''Rochberg-Halton F''. Aspect of Babylonian Celestial Divination: The Lunar Eclipse Tablets of Enuma Anu Enlil. Horn, 1988 (AfO, Beiheft 22).</ref>, 224f., 281; SpTU I<ref name=":5">''Špätbabylonische Texte aus Uruk.'' Teil I / Bearb. von H.Hunger. Berlin, 1976.</ref>, 90:8].
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	==== Predictions: ====		==== Predictions: ====
	(1) Eclipse of the Moon in Sagittarius; [DIŠ] MUL ''ina'' KI <sup>mul</sup>PA.BIL.SAG ''a-dir'' EŠ.BAR ''Mut-tab-bal u'' KA<sub>2</sub>.DINGIR.RA<sup>ki</sup> "[If] a star (=Moon_????) is eclipsed in the region of Pabilsag: a solution for Muttabal and Babylon" [SAA 8<ref name=":4" />, 4:8], for parallels see. [Rochberg-Halton 1988, 224, EAE 20 text g: r. 10; 225, EAE 20 text h: r. 9; 281, App. 2.1: r. 6; SAA 8<ref name=":4" />, 300 r. 11; 535 r. 7].		(1) Eclipse of the Moon in Sagittarius; [DIŠ] MUL ''ina'' KI <sup>mul</sup>PA.BIL.SAG ''a-dir'' EŠ.BAR ''Mut-tab-bal u'' KA<sub>2</sub>.DINGIR.RA<sup>ki</sup> "[If] a star (=Moon_????) is eclipsed in the region of Pabilsag: a solution for Muttabal and Babylon" [SAA 8<ref name=":4" />, 4:8], for parallels see. [Rochberg-Halton 1988<ref name=":17" />, 224, EAE 20 text g: r. 10; 225, EAE 20 text h: r. 9; 281, App. 2.1: r. 6; SAA 8<ref name=":4" />, 300 r. 11; 535 r. 7].

	(2) "Sting of the Scorpius" = Pabilsag; ''zi-qit'' <sup>mul</sup>GIR<sub>2</sub>.TAB ''a-na'' <sup>mul</sup>PA.BIL.SAG ''qa-a-bi'' "Sting of the Scorpius, so they say of Pabilsag" [SAA 8, 52:5-6], ''zi-qit'' <sup>mul</sup>GIR<sub>2</sub>.TAB EN GAL-''u''<sub>2</sub> <sup>mul</sup>PA.BIL.SAG "Sting of the Scorpius is the great lord Pabilsag" [SAA 8<ref name=":4" />, 502:9], see also [ibid.<ref name=":4" />, 185:5, 550:5].		(2) "Sting of the Scorpius" = Pabilsag; ''zi-qit'' <sup>mul</sup>GIR<sub>2</sub>.TAB ''a-na'' <sup>mul</sup>PA.BIL.SAG ''qa-a-bi'' "Sting of the Scorpius, so they say of Pabilsag" [SAA 8, 52:5-6], ''zi-qit'' <sup>mul</sup>GIR<sub>2</sub>.TAB EN GAL-''u''<sub>2</sub> <sup>mul</sup>PA.BIL.SAG "Sting of the Scorpius is the great lord Pabilsag" [SAA 8<ref name=":4" />, 502:9], see also [ibid.<ref name=":4" />, 185:5, 550:5].

InitTeam at 22:05, 28 December 2025

2025-12-28T22:05:29Z

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InitTeam at 18:57, 28 December 2025

2025-12-28T18:57:18Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:57, 28 December 2025
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	==References==		==References==
	*[[References (Babylonian)\|Kurtik's references]]		*[[References (Babylonian)\|Kurtik's references]]

			[[Category:4workWayne]]

	[[Category:Mesopotamian]][[Category:Sumerian]][[Category:Constellation]][[Category:West Asian]] [[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:Cuneiform]]		[[Category:Mesopotamian]][[Category:Sumerian]][[Category:Constellation]][[Category:West Asian]] [[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:Cuneiform]]

	[[Category:Sgr]][[Category:Ser]][[Category:Oph]]		[[Category:Sgr]][[Category:Ser]][[Category:Oph]]
	[[Category:Deity]]		[[Category:Deity]]

			[[Category:4workWayne]]
			<references />

JanSafford: there was some weird Hebrew which I don't think should be there and I drew a line through

2025-12-27T15:09:55Z

there was some weird Hebrew which I don't think should be there and I drew a line through

Show changes

Sushoff at 13:43, 23 December 2025

2025-12-23T13:43:54Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:43, 23 December 2025
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	[[Category:Mesopotamian]][[Category:Sumerian]][[Category:Constellation]][[Category:West Asian]] [[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:Cuneiform]]		[[Category:Mesopotamian]][[Category:Sumerian]][[Category:Constellation]][[Category:West Asian]] [[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:Cuneiform]]

			[[Category:Sgr]][[Category:Ser]][[Category:Oph]]
	[[Category:Deity]]		[[Category:Deity]]

Sushoff at 13:37, 23 December 2025

2025-12-23T13:37:31Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:37, 23 December 2025
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	** a) <sup>mul</sup>SIPA.ZI.AN.NA KUR-''ma'' <sup>mul</sup>PA.BIL.SAG ŠU<sub>2</sub>-''bi'' 'The True Shepherd of Anu rises, Pabilsag sets' (I iii 16),		** a) <sup>mul</sup>SIPA.ZI.AN.NA KUR-''ma'' <sup>mul</sup>PA.BIL.SAG ŠU<sub>2</sub>-''bi'' 'The True Shepherd of Anu rises, Pabilsag sets' (I iii 16),
	** b) (I iii 27), see (Kurtik b06) [[BAN\|<sup>giš</sup>BAN]].		** b) (I iii 27), see (Kurtik b06) [[BAN\|<sup>giš</sup>BAN]].
	* (4) Stars "in the path of the moon": <sup>mul</sup>PA.BIL.SAG, after <sup>mul</sup>GIR<sub>2</sub>.TAB, before <sup>mul</sup>SUḪUR.MAŠ<sub>2</sub> (I iv 35) ~~[MA, 39, 45, 48, 51, 68]~~.		* (4) Stars "in the path of the moon": <sup>mul</sup>PA.BIL.SAG, after <sup>mul</sup>GIR<sub>2</sub>.TAB, before <sup>mul</sup>SUḪUR.MAŠ<sub>2</sub> (I iv 35).
	\|[[File:Pabilsag stellarium2025.jpg\|thumb\|Pabilsag, Mesopotamian God, in boat. his torso in the Milky Way.]]		\|[[File:Pabilsag stellarium2025.jpg\|thumb\|Pabilsag, Mesopotamian God, in boat. his torso in the Milky Way.]]
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Sushoff: /* Sources and Identification(s) */

2025-12-23T13:32:54Z

Sources and Identification(s)

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:32, 23 December 2025
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	** b) (I iii 27), see (Kurtik b06) [[BAN\|<sup>giš</sup>BAN]].		** b) (I iii 27), see (Kurtik b06) [[BAN\|<sup>giš</sup>BAN]].
	* (4) Stars "in the path of the moon": <sup>mul</sup>PA.BIL.SAG, after <sup>mul</sup>GIR<sub>2</sub>.TAB, before <sup>mul</sup>SUḪUR.MAŠ<sub>2</sub> (I iv 35) [MA, 39, 45, 48, 51, 68].		* (4) Stars "in the path of the moon": <sup>mul</sup>PA.BIL.SAG, after <sup>mul</sup>GIR<sub>2</sub>.TAB, before <sup>mul</sup>SUḪUR.MAŠ<sub>2</sub> (I iv 35) [MA, 39, 45, 48, 51, 68].
	\|		\|[[File:Pabilsag stellarium2025.jpg\|thumb\|Pabilsag, Mesopotamian God, in boat. his torso in the Milky Way.]]
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	\|'''"Letters" and "Reports."'''		\|'''"Letters" and "Reports."'''

Sushoff at 13:31, 23 December 2025

2025-12-23T13:31:06Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:31, 23 December 2025
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	=== Additional ===		=== Additional ===

	==== ~~II.~~ Deity. ====		==== Deity. ====
	Pabilsag is one of the most ancient Mesopotamian gods. His name is present in the list of gods from Fara [Krebernik 1986, 176, IX 4]. In the Neo-Sumerian period he was honored in Larak, Ur, Lagash, Umma, Isin, and Nippur [Sallaberger 1993, I 105, 153, 248; Krause 1951, 75-80; Krebernik 2003-5, 164-166]. Considered the son of Enlil and consort of Gula, among his epithets: "Great warrior, Mr. Pabilsag" (ur.sag gal en <sup>d</sup>pa.bil.sag) [Krause 1951, 78]. The earliest evidence for its astral meaning is in the Nippur Forerunner to Urra XXII. <s>Sumerian the Sumerian list of stars from Nippur</s> (see above). As usual, it is unclear exactly when and how the constellation Pabilsag was singled out in the Mesopotamian sky. In astrological geography Pabilsag corresponds:		Pabilsag is one of the most ancient Mesopotamian gods. His name is present in the list of gods from Fara [Krebernik 1986, 176, IX 4]. In the Neo-Sumerian period he was honored in Larak, Ur, Lagash, Umma, Isin, and Nippur [Sallaberger 1993, I 105, 153, 248; Krause 1951, 75-80; Krebernik 2003-5, 164-166]. Considered the son of Enlil and consort of Gula, among his epithets: "Great warrior, Mr. Pabilsag" (ur.sag gal en <sup>d</sup>pa.bil.sag) [Krause 1951, 78]. The earliest evidence for its astral meaning is in the Nippur Forerunner to Urra XXII. <s>Sumerian the Sumerian list of stars from Nippur</s> (see above). As usual, it is unclear exactly when and how the constellation Pabilsag was singled out in the Mesopotamian sky. In astrological geography Pabilsag corresponds:

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	* c) Mutabal [Weidner 1963].		* c) Mutabal [Weidner 1963].

	==== ~~III.~~ Symbol. ====		==== Symbol. ====
	A bow-shooting centaur (winged in some images) with two heads (of a man and a lion) and two tails (of a horse and a scorpion). It occurs on seals and kudurru from the Kassite period [Seidl 1968, 176-178; Kurtik 2007, fig. 7). For astral images on seals from Uruk from the Hellenistic period, see. [AUWE 19, 42-44, 155; Kurtik 2007, figs. 33, 34, 35]. See also [Krebernik 2003-5, 164].		A bow-shooting centaur (winged in some images) with two heads (of a man and a lion) and two tails (of a horse and a scorpion). It occurs on seals and kudurru from the Kassite period [Seidl 1968, 176-178; Kurtik 2007, fig. 7). For astral images on seals from Uruk from the Hellenistic period, see. [AUWE 19, 42-44, 155; Kurtik 2007, figs. 33, 34, 35]. See also [Krebernik 2003-5, 164].

	==== ~~IV.~~ Identification. ====		==== Identification. ====
	= Sagittarius + group of stars around θ Ophiuchi [G. 358, I].		= Sagittarius + group of stars around θ Ophiuchi [G. 358, I].

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	= Sagittarius (Sagittarius) [Mesop.Astrol., 207, App. C; Horowitz 2014, 247].		= Sagittarius (Sagittarius) [Mesop.Astrol., 207, App. C; Horowitz 2014, 247].

	==== V. Constellation parts and individual stars. ====		==== Constellation parts and individual stars. ====
	(1) MUL<sub>2</sub> KUR ''ša''<sub>2</sub> KIR<sub>4</sub> ''šil'' PA "Star with great brilliance at the end of the arrow of Pabilsag" (θ Ophiuchi).		(1) MUL<sub>2</sub> KUR ''ša''<sub>2</sub> KIR<sub>4</sub> ''šil'' PA "Star with great brilliance at the end of the arrow of Pabilsag" (θ Ophiuchi).

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	(10) "(Star) Pabilsag, which is higher than the Ship" (ι Sgr), see GU-text.		(10) "(Star) Pabilsag, which is higher than the Ship" (ι Sgr), see GU-text.

	==== ~~VI.~~ Astrology. ====		==== Astrology. ====
	In [G. 358, IV A] the identities, Pabilsag = Saturn, Pabilsag = Jupiter, are assumed, which, in our opinion, are not well founded.		In [Gössmann<ref name=":0" /> 358, IV A] the identities, Pabilsag = Saturn, Pabilsag = Jupiter, are assumed, which, in our opinion, are not well founded.

	==== Predictions: ====		==== Predictions: ====