Piscis Austrinus - Revision history

Sushoff: /* Eratosthenes */

2026-08-26T15:12:48Z

Eratosthenes

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:12, 26 August 2026
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	===== Eratosthenes =====		===== Eratosthenes =====
	Pamias and Zucker (2013,<ref>Pamìas, Jordi und Zucker, Arnaud (2013). Ératosthènes de Cyrène: Catastérrismes, Belles Lettres, Paris</ref> 112-113)<blockquote>'''Var. 1 (Περὶ τοῦ μεγάλου Ἰχθύος)''': This is the one known as “the Great Fish”, which, it is said, swallows up the water of the Flood poured out by Aquarius. It is said of him, according to Ctesias, that he was originally found in a lake in the region of Bambyke. Derketo, whom the locals are wont to call “the Syrian goddess”, had fallen into it during the night, and it seems that the Fish saved her. It is also said that the two Fish were born from him, and it is because of her, since she is the daughter of Aphrodite, that they were all granted the honour of being placed amongst the constellations. Moreover, the inhabitants of this country make fish out of gold and silver, and they worship them as sacred [and pay perfect homage to this event]. </blockquote><blockquote>'''Var. 2 (Ἰχθύος)''': This is the creature known as ‘the Great Fish’, which, it is said, swallows up the water of the Flood poured forth by Aquarius. According to Ctesias, it is said that it was originally found in a lake in the region of Bambyke. Derketo, whom the local inhabitants are in the habit of calling “the Syrian goddess”, fell into it one night, and it seems that the Fish saved her. It is also said that the two Fish were born from him, and they were all granted the honour of being placed amongst the constellations.</blockquote><blockquote>The Great Fish has twelve stars, three of which shine brightly on its snout.</blockquote>		Pamias and Zucker (2013,<ref>Pamìas, Jordi und Zucker, Arnaud (2013). Ératosthènes de Cyrène: Catastérrismes, Belles Lettres, Paris</ref> 112-113)<blockquote>'''Var. 1 (Περὶ τοῦ μεγάλου Ἰχθύος)''': This is the one known as “the Great Fish”, which, it is said, swallows up the water of the Flood poured out by Aquarius. It is said of him, according to Ctesias, that he was originally found in a lake in the region of Bambyke. Derketo, whom the locals are wont to call “the Syrian goddess”, had fallen into it during the night, and it seems that the Fish saved her. It is also said that the two Fish were born from him, and it is because of her, since she is the daughter of Aphrodite, that they were all granted the honour of being placed amongst the constellations. Moreover, the inhabitants of this country make fish out of gold and silver, and they worship them as sacred [and pay perfect homage to this event]. </blockquote><blockquote>'''Var. 2 (Ἰχθύος)''': This is the creature known as ‘the Great Fish’, which, it is said, swallows up the water of the Flood poured forth by Aquarius. According to Ctesias, it is said that it was originally found in a lake in the region of Bambyke. Derketo, whom the local inhabitants are in the habit of calling “the Syrian goddess”, fell into it one night, and it seems that the Fish saved her. It is also said that the two Fish were born from him, and they were all granted the honour of being placed amongst the constellations.</blockquote><blockquote>The Great Fish has twelve stars, three of which shine brightly on its snout.</blockquote>'''Eratosthenes's star catalogue''' can be reconstructed from the list of stars he mentions in the last section of each of the constelllation descriptions. Hoffmann (2017)<ref name=":0">Hoffmann, S. M., <nowiki><i>Hipparchs Himmelsglobus</i></nowiki>. Springer Wiesbaden/ New York, 2017. doi:10.1007/978-3-658-18683-8.</ref> made such a catalogue and used it for computational comparison with Hipparchus's, Ptolemy's and Babylonian data; it is based on the edition and translation by Pamias and Geus (2007)<ref>Eratosthenes: Sternsagen, übersetzt von Pamìas, Jordi und Geus, Klaus, Verlag Utopica, Oberhaid 2007</ref> and presented here in English translation.

	{\|class="wikitable"		{\|class="wikitable"
	\|+		\|+

Sushoff: /* Stars Mentioned */

2026-08-26T14:11:55Z

Stars Mentioned

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:11, 26 August 2026
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	\|}		\|}

	====== ~~Stars Mentioned~~ ======		====== Hipparchus's "lost" star Catalogue ======
	{\| class="wikitable"
	\|+		The star catalogue of Hipparchus is not preserved. Yet, several scholars have reconstructed it in the past century: Vogt (1925)<ref>Vogt, H., “Versuch einer Wiederherstellung von Hipparchs Fixsternver zeichnis”, <nowiki><i>Astronomische Nachrichten</i></nowiki>, vol. 224, no. 2, Wiley, p. 17, 1925. doi:10.1002/asna.19252240202.</ref>, Grasshoff (1990)<ref>Graßhoff, G., <nowiki><i>The History of Ptolemy's Star Catalogue</i></nowiki>, Springer, New York, 1990 </ref>, Hoffmann (2017)<ref>Hoffmann, S. M., <nowiki><i>Hipparchs Himmelsglobus</i></nowiki>. Springer Wiesbaden/ New York, 2017. doi:10.1007/978-3-658-18683-8.</ref> and Glover (2026)<ref>Glover, E. (2026). ''The Astronomy of Hipparchus'', Cambridge University Press</ref>. Grasshoff's catalogue and computations are not published digitally, Hoffmann published three versions of the Manitius+Hoffmann<ref>Hipparchus's Lost Star Catalogue (1/2 reconstructed) (Hoffmann, 2017) in VizieR</ref> star lists in the CDS [https://vizier.unistra.fr/ VizieR] "catalog of catalogs", and Glover printed the star lists constellationwise in his book.
	!		{\|class="wikitable"
	!~~Greek~~		\|+ Hipparchus's star in Aquarius (Glover 2026)
	!~~German~~
	!~~English~~		!hipp.Cat.ID
	!ident.		!constStarID
	!~~src~~		!starName
	!		!ident.Bayer
	!~~lam_culm~~		!ident.HIP
			!concordance
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|481
	\|		\|1
	\|		\|
	\|		\|α PsA
	\|		\|113368
	\|~~Lib II Cap V §10~~		\|CPAE
	~~\|rising, east, first~~
	\|
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|482
	\|		\|2
	\|		\|
	\|		\|ι PsA
	\|		\|107380
	\|~~Lib II Cap V §10~~		\|CPAE
	~~\|rising, east, last~~
	\|
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|483
	\|		\|3
	\|		\|
	\|		\|γ Gru (PsA)
	\|		\|108085
	\|~~Lib II Cap VI §2~~		\|CPAE
	~~\|setting CrB, south, last~~
	~~\|Psc 13.5~~
	\|-
	\|
	\|
	\|
	\|
	\|
	~~\|Lib II Cap VI §13~~
	~~\|setting Aql, south, first~~
	~~\|Ari 2~~
	\|-
	\|
	\|
	\|
	\|
	\|
	~~\|Lib III Cap I §9~~
	~~\|rising Ori, south, last~~
	~~\|Psc 13~~
	\|}		\|}

Sushoff: /* Eratosthenes */

2026-08-24T12:27:06Z

Eratosthenes

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:27, 24 August 2026
Line 50:		Line 50:

	===== Eratosthenes =====		===== Eratosthenes =====
	Pamias and Zucker (2013,<ref>Pamìas, Jordi und Zucker, Arnaud (2013). Ératosthènes de Cyrène: Catastérrismes, Belles Lettres, Paris</ref> 112-113)<blockquote>'''Var. 1 (Περὶ τοῦ μεγάλου Ἰχθύος)''': This is the one known as “the Great Fish”, which, it is said, swallows up the water of the Flood poured out by Aquarius. It is said of him, according to Ctesias, that he was originally found in a lake in the region of Bambyke. Derketo, whom the locals are wont to call “the Syrian goddess”, had fallen into it during the night, and it seems that the Fish saved her. It is also said that the two Fish were born from him, and it is because of her, since she is the daughter of Aphrodite, that they were all granted the honour of being placed amongst the constellations. Moreover, the inhabitants of this country make fish out of gold and silver, and they worship them as sacred [and pay perfect homage to this event]. </blockquote><blockquote>'''Var. 2 (Ἰχθύος)''': This is the creature known as ‘the Great Fish’, which, it is said, swallows up the water of the Flood poured forth by Aquarius. According to Ctesias, it is said that it was originally found in a lake in the region of Bambyke. Derketo, whom the local inhabitants are in the habit of calling “the Syrian goddess”, fell into it one night, and it seems that the Fish saved her. It is also said that the two Fish were born from him, and they were all granted the honour of being placed amongst the constellations.</blockquote><blockquote>~~Pisces~~ has twelve stars, three of which shine brightly on its snout.</blockquote>		Pamias and Zucker (2013,<ref>Pamìas, Jordi und Zucker, Arnaud (2013). Ératosthènes de Cyrène: Catastérrismes, Belles Lettres, Paris</ref> 112-113)<blockquote>'''Var. 1 (Περὶ τοῦ μεγάλου Ἰχθύος)''': This is the one known as “the Great Fish”, which, it is said, swallows up the water of the Flood poured out by Aquarius. It is said of him, according to Ctesias, that he was originally found in a lake in the region of Bambyke. Derketo, whom the locals are wont to call “the Syrian goddess”, had fallen into it during the night, and it seems that the Fish saved her. It is also said that the two Fish were born from him, and it is because of her, since she is the daughter of Aphrodite, that they were all granted the honour of being placed amongst the constellations. Moreover, the inhabitants of this country make fish out of gold and silver, and they worship them as sacred [and pay perfect homage to this event]. </blockquote><blockquote>'''Var. 2 (Ἰχθύος)''': This is the creature known as ‘the Great Fish’, which, it is said, swallows up the water of the Flood poured forth by Aquarius. According to Ctesias, it is said that it was originally found in a lake in the region of Bambyke. Derketo, whom the local inhabitants are in the habit of calling “the Syrian goddess”, fell into it one night, and it seems that the Fish saved her. It is also said that the two Fish were born from him, and they were all granted the honour of being placed amongst the constellations.</blockquote><blockquote>The Great Fish has twelve stars, three of which shine brightly on its snout.</blockquote>

	{\|class="wikitable"		{\|class="wikitable"

Sushoff: /* Eratosthenes */

2026-08-24T12:26:11Z

Eratosthenes

@@ Line 51: / Line 51: @@
 ===== Eratosthenes =====
 Pamias and Zucker (2013,<ref>Pamìas, Jordi und Zucker, Arnaud (2013). Ératosthènes de Cyrène: Catastérrismes, Belles Lettres, Paris</ref> 112-113)<blockquote>'''Var. 1 (Περὶ τοῦ μεγάλου Ἰχθύος)''': This is the one known as “the Great Fish”, which, it is said, swallows up the water of the Flood poured out by Aquarius. It is said of him, according to Ctesias, that he was originally found in a lake in the region of Bambyke. Derketo, whom the locals are wont to call “the Syrian goddess”, had fallen into it during the night, and it seems that the Fish saved her. It is also said that the two Fish were born from him, and it is because of her, since she is the daughter of Aphrodite, that they were all granted the honour of being placed amongst the constellations. Moreover, the inhabitants of this country make fish out of gold and silver, and they worship them as sacred [and pay perfect homage to this event]. </blockquote><blockquote>'''Var. 2 (Ἰχθύος)''': This is the creature known as ‘the Great Fish’, which, it is said, swallows up the water of the Flood poured forth by Aquarius. According to Ctesias, it is said that it was originally found in a lake in the region of Bambyke. Derketo, whom the local inhabitants are in the habit of calling “the Syrian goddess”, fell into it one night, and it seems that the Fish saved her. It is also said that the two Fish were born from him, and they were all granted the honour of being placed amongst the constellations.</blockquote><blockquote>Pisces has twelve stars, three of which shine brightly on its snout.</blockquote>
 ===== Hipparchus =====

Sushoff: /* Egyptian */

2026-08-04T18:04:55Z

Egyptian

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:04, 4 August 2026
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	===== Egyptian =====		===== Egyptian =====
	In Ptolemaic times (1st century BCE), when Egypt was ruled by the Romans, new Egyptian temples were built: a Chnum temple in Esna and a Hathor temple Dendera (south and north of Thebes/ Luxor). They display a cultural mixture of Babylonian and Egyptian constellations.<gallery>		In Ptolemaic times (1st century BCE), when Egypt was ruled by the Romans, new Egyptian temples were built: a Chnum temple in Esna and a Hathor temple Dendera (south and north of Thebes/ Luxor). They display a cultural mixture of Babylonian and Egyptian constellations.<gallery>
	File:Aqr DenderaEckig GZotti.JPG\|Aquarius; rectangular zodiac of Dendera		File:Aqr DenderaEckig GZotti.JPG\|Aquarius; rectangular zodiac of Dendera: PsA missing
	File:Aqr DenderaCirc Louvre.JPG\|Aqr as Nile God, circular zodiac of Dendera (CC BY [https://collections.louvre.fr/en/ark:/53355/cl010028871 Musée du Louvre, Département des Antiquités égyptiennes])		File:Aqr DenderaCirc Louvre.JPG\|Aqr as Nile God with PsA, circular zodiac of Dendera (CC BY [https://collections.louvre.fr/en/ark:/53355/cl010028871 Musée du Louvre, Département des Antiquités égyptiennes])
	</gallery>		</gallery>

Sushoff: /* Greco-Roman */

2026-08-04T18:03:54Z

Greco-Roman

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:03, 4 August 2026
Line 40:		Line 40:

	==== Greco-Roman ====		==== Greco-Roman ====
			===== Egyptian =====
			In Ptolemaic times (1st century BCE), when Egypt was ruled by the Romans, new Egyptian temples were built: a Chnum temple in Esna and a Hathor temple Dendera (south and north of Thebes/ Luxor). They display a cultural mixture of Babylonian and Egyptian constellations.<gallery>
			File:Aqr DenderaEckig GZotti.JPG\|Aquarius; rectangular zodiac of Dendera
			File:Aqr DenderaCirc Louvre.JPG\|Aqr as Nile God, circular zodiac of Dendera (CC BY [https://collections.louvre.fr/en/ark:/53355/cl010028871 Musée du Louvre, Département des Antiquités égyptiennes])
			</gallery>

	===== Aratus =====		===== Aratus =====

Sushoff at 08:56, 29 July 2026

2026-07-29T08:56:59Z

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 ----
 [[File:Piscis Austrinus IAU.svg|alt=star chart|thumb|Star chart of PsA (IAU and Sky & Telescope magazine, Roger Sinnott & Rick Fienberg)]]
 One of the [[:Category:88 IAU-Constellations|88 IAU constellations]] with a very old history: The original Greek name of The Great Fish was given to an earlier Babylonian constellation The Fish. When the constellation Pisces (two fish) was invented in Hellenistic times (possibly in Egypt) as a super-constellation from parts of neighbouring Babylonian originals (see [[Anunitu]], ''[[KU6|Nunu]]'', [[KU6|KU<sub>6</sub>]], ...), the original constellation of The Fish needed to be specified. To distinguish the two fish of Pisces from the traditional The Fish south of Aquarius, it was named Piscis Austrinus (or Notius as a Latinized Greek term for "south").

IanRidpath: Added missing ID numbers

2026-07-24T19:26:23Z

Added missing ID numbers

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:26, 24 July 2026
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	!		!
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|13
	\|τῶν προηγουμένων λαμπρῶν φ τοῦ Ἰχθύος ὁ ἠγούμενος		\|τῶν προηγουμένων λαμπρῶν φ τοῦ Ἰχθύος ὁ ἠγούμενος
	\|The most advanced of the 3 bright stars in advance of Piscis [Austrinus]		\|The most advanced of the 3 bright stars in advance of Piscis [Austrinus]
	\|eta Mic		\|eta Mic
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|14
	\|ὁ μέσος αὐτῶ		\|ὁ μέσος αὐτῶ
	\|The middle one		\|The middle one
	\|tet<sup>1</sup> Mic		\|tet<sup>1</sup> Mic
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|15
	\|ὁ ἐπόμευος τῶν τριῶη		\|ὁ ἐπόμευος τῶν τριῶη
	\|The rearmost of the three		\|The rearmost of the three
	\|xi Gru		\|xi Gru
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|16
	\|ὁ τούτου προηγούμενος ἀμαυρός		\|ὁ τούτου προηγούμενος ἀμαυρός
	\|The faint star in advance of this		\|The faint star in advance of this
	\|tet<sup>2</sup> Mic		\|tet<sup>2</sup> Mic
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|17
	\|τῶν λοιπῶν πρὸς ἄρκτους β’ ὁ νοτιώτερος		\|τῶν λοιπῶν πρὸς ἄρκτους β’ ὁ νοτιώτερος
	\|The southernmost of the remaining 2 stars to the north		\|The southernmost of the remaining 2 stars to the north
	\|gam Mic		\|gam Mic
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|18
	\|ὁ βορειότερος αὐτῶν		\|ὁ βορειότερος αὐτῶν
	\|The northernmost of them		\|The northernmost of them

IanRidpath: Superscripts

2026-07-24T16:33:47Z

Superscripts

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:33, 24 July 2026
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	\|ὁ μέσος αὐτῶ		\|ὁ μέσος αὐτῶ
	\|The middle one		\|The middle one
	\|~~tet1~~ Mic		\|tet<sup>1</sup> Mic
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|
Line 270:		Line 270:
	\|ὁ τούτου προηγούμενος ἀμαυρός		\|ὁ τούτου προηγούμενος ἀμαυρός
	\|The faint star in advance of this		\|The faint star in advance of this
	\|~~tet2~~ Mic		\|tet<sup>2</sup> Mic
	\|-		\|-
	\|		\|

IanRidpath: Revised link

2026-07-22T20:01:43Z

Revised link

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:01, 22 July 2026
Line 507:		Line 507:

	==Weblinks==		==Weblinks==
	* Ridpath, Ian, “[http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/piscisaustrinus.html Star Tales: online edition]”.
	* [https://iconographic.warburg.sas.ac.uk/category/vpc-taxonomy-017073 Warburg Institute Iconographic Database – Piscis Magnus]		* [https://iconographic.warburg.sas.ac.uk/category/vpc-taxonomy-017073 Warburg Institute Iconographic Database – Piscis Magnus]
			* Ridpath, Ian, ''Star Tales'' [http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/piscisaustrinus.html – Piscis Austrinus].

	==References ==		==References ==