Pleiades - Revision history

YoulaAzkarrula at 12:16, 26 May 2026

2026-05-26T12:16:02Z

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	[[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:European]] [[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Almagest]] [[Category:Mesopotamian]] [[Category:West Asian]] [[Category:Modern]]		[[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:European]] [[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Almagest]] [[Category:Mesopotamian]] [[Category:West Asian]] [[Category:Asian]][[Category:Modern]]
	[[Category:Star Cluster]]		[[Category:Star Cluster]]
	[[Category:Tau]]		[[Category:Tau]]
	[[Category:Pleiades]]		[[Category:Pleiades]]

IanRidpath: /* Weblinks */ Added Warburg link

2026-05-20T09:25:43Z

Weblinks: Added Warburg link

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:25, 20 May 2026
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	== Weblinks ==		== Weblinks ==
			[https://iconographic.warburg.sas.ac.uk/category/vpc-taxonomy-017568 Warburg Institute Iconographic Database – Pleiades]


	== Reference ==		== Reference ==

Sushoff: /* Hipparchus */

2026-05-18T06:04:00Z

Hipparchus

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 ===== Hipparchus =====
-..
+{| class="wikitable"
 ===== Geminos =====

Sushoff: /* Etymology and History */

2026-05-18T05:54:20Z

Etymology and History

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	For the Phoenicians and Greeks, shipping between the numerous islands was of enormous importance. The Greeks therefore understood the name of the star ‘Pleias’ from πλέω (pleiu), meaning ‘to sail’, and Hesiod and Eratosthenes mention its significance as an indicator of the shipping season in the farming calendar.		For the Phoenicians and Greeks, shipping between the numerous islands was of enormous importance. The Greeks therefore understood the name of the star ‘Pleias’ from πλέω (pleiu), meaning ‘to sail’, and Hesiod and Eratosthenes mention its significance as an indicator of the shipping season in the farming calendar.

	The alternative name ‘Pleiades’ is also documented by Eratosthenes, who states: ‘One does not see seven stars, but only six.’ Greek mythology invents an unconvincing story of seven sisters, one of whom hid or left the group. Although the sisters have proper names in mythology, these names were not applied to the stars of the star cluster in ancient times. The modern naming is also confusing because two of the free-eyed stars were named after their parents, Pleione and Atlas.		The alternative name ‘Pleiades’ is also documented by Eratosthenes, who states: ‘One does not see seven stars, but only six.’ Aratus, likewise, claims, ‘Seven in number they are in the lore of men, although there are only six apparent to the eye. No star at all has been lost from our ken in Zeus since our oral tradition began.’ Hence, Greek mythology invents an unconvincing story of seven sisters, one of whom hid or left the group. Although the sisters have proper names in mythology, these names were not applied to the stars of the star cluster in ancient times. The modern naming is also confusing because two of the free-eyed stars were named after their parents, Pleione and Atlas.

	===Origin of Constellation===		===Origin of Constellation===
	==== Babylonian ====		==== Babylonian ====

Sushoff at 05:38, 18 May 2026

2026-05-18T05:38:06Z

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	==== Greco-Roman ====		==== Greco-Roman ====
	[[File:Aratea fol. 42v.jpg\|thumb\|Pleiades as Seven Sisters in the Leiden Aratea; note that only one of them (centre) hides under a veil.]]		[[File:Aratea fol. 42v.jpg\|thumb\|Pleiades as Seven Sisters in the Leiden Aratea (~830 CE after Roman models); note that only one of them (centre) hides under a veil.]]

	===== Aratos =====		===== Aratos =====

IanRidpath: /* Reference */

2026-05-15T08:38:59Z

Reference

← Older revision		Revision as of 08:38, 15 May 2026
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	* [[References (Medieval and Early Modern)\|References (early modern)]]		* [[References (Medieval and Early Modern)\|References (early modern)]]
	* Ian Ridpath "Who Named the Stars of the Pleiades?" [https://www.obsmag.org/issues/published/2026/02/1310_0003.pdf ''The Observatory'', 2026 February, 3–6].		* Ian Ridpath "Who Named the Stars of the Pleiades?" [https://www.obsmag.org/issues/published/2026/02/1310_0003.pdf ''The Observatory'', 2026 February, 3–6].
	* Ridpath, Ian, [http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/taurus2.html~~#names~~ Star Tales Taurus].		* Ridpath, Ian, [http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/taurus2.html Star Tales Taurus].

Sushoff at 11:20, 27 February 2026

2026-02-27T11:20:21Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:20, 27 February 2026
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	[[File:Fig7 taurueschen 800dpi.jpg\|thumb\|The Pleiades as drawn on VAT 7851 are the six (plus two smaller) bristles on the hump of Taurus, the Bull.]]		[[File:Fig7 taurueschen 800dpi.jpg\|thumb\|The Pleiades as drawn on VAT 7851 are the six (plus two smaller) bristles on the hump of Taurus, the Bull.]]
	[[File:Plej+hyad smh2025 4gif.gif\|thumb\|Hyades and Pleiades as observed in central Europe (photo and animation SMH)]]		[[File:Plej+hyad smh2025 4gif.gif\|thumb\|Hyades and Pleiades as observed in central Europe (photo and animation SMH)]]
	The term "Pleiades" derives from Greek πλέω (pleiu), meaning ‘to sail’. In the Mediterranean, the sailing season (gentle winds and warm weather) was given from the heliacal rise to the opposition of this star cluster. The association of "seven" with the cluster is of unknown origin, but it is a fact that (a) Greek mythology created a tale of seven daughters of the nymph Pleione (the sailing nymph), that (b) Mesopotamian religions even before this had associated seven (male) gods with the cluster, and that (c) Indian religion considers them the seven nurses of Lord Shiva's baby. However, the number "seven" has never been part of the ''name'' of the cluster (unlike modern English); ancient depictions always show six stars which are connected to seven deities - except the Maori star lore which sees nine (deified?) stars with sacred realms.<ref>Susanne M. Hoffmann,* Khalid AlAjaji, B.S. Shylaja, Yang Boshun, Danielle Adams, Eric Mamajek, Ian Ridpath, Paul Baki, Juan Antonio Belmonte Avilés, Sze-Leung Cheung, Daniel Cunnama, Jörg Matthias Determann, M. Sadegh Faghanpour, Steven Gullberg, Duane Hamacher, Roland Laffitte, Alejandro M. López, Javier Mejuto, Thierry Montmerle, Clive Ruggles, Shi Yunli, Doris Vickers, Sun Xiaochun, and Hitoshi Yamaoka (2025). The IAU Working Group on Star Names (WGSN): '''Research Finds in 2025'''. ''Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage'', 28(4), 1026–1038 (2025).</ref>		The term "Pleiades" derives from Greek πλέω (pleiu), meaning ‘to sail’. In the Mediterranean, the sailing season (gentle winds and warm weather) was given from the heliacal rise to the opposition of this star cluster. The association of "seven" with the cluster is of unknown origin, but it is a fact that (a) Greek mythology created a tale of seven daughters of the nymph Pleione (the sailing nymph), that (b) Mesopotamian religions even before this had associated seven (male) gods with the cluster, and that (c) Indian religion considers them the seven nurses of Lord Shiva's baby.<ref name=":0" />

			However, the number "seven" has never been part of the ''name'' of the cluster (unlike modern English); ancient depictions always show six stars which are connected to seven deities - except the Maori star lore which sees nine (deified?) stars with sacred realms.<ref name=":0">Susanne M. Hoffmann,* Khalid AlAjaji, B.S. Shylaja, Yang Boshun, Danielle Adams, Eric Mamajek, Ian Ridpath, Paul Baki, Juan Antonio Belmonte Avilés, Sze-Leung Cheung, Daniel Cunnama, Jörg Matthias Determann, M. Sadegh Faghanpour, Steven Gullberg, Duane Hamacher, Roland Laffitte, Alejandro M. López, Javier Mejuto, Thierry Montmerle, Clive Ruggles, Shi Yunli, Doris Vickers, Sun Xiaochun, and Hitoshi Yamaoka (2025). The IAU Working Group on Star Names (WGSN): '''Research Finds in 2025'''. ''Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage'', 28(4), 1026–1038 (2025).</ref>

	== Etymology and History ==		== Etymology and History ==

Sushoff at 11:19, 27 February 2026

2026-02-27T11:19:45Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:19, 27 February 2026
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	[[File:Fig7 taurueschen 800dpi.jpg\|thumb\|The Pleiades as drawn on VAT 7851 are the six (plus two smaller) bristles on the hump of Taurus, the Bull.]]		[[File:Fig7 taurueschen 800dpi.jpg\|thumb\|The Pleiades as drawn on VAT 7851 are the six (plus two smaller) bristles on the hump of Taurus, the Bull.]]
	[[File:Plej+hyad smh2025 4gif.gif\|thumb\|Hyades and Pleiades as observed in central Europe (photo and animation SMH)]]		[[File:Plej+hyad smh2025 4gif.gif\|thumb\|Hyades and Pleiades as observed in central Europe (photo and animation SMH)]]
	The term "Pleiades" derives from Greek πλέω (pleiu), meaning ‘to sail’. In the Mediterranean, the sailing season (gentle winds and warm weather) was given from the heliacal rise to the opposition of this star cluster. The association of "seven" with the cluster is of unknown origin, but it is a fact that (a) Greek mythology created a tale of seven daughters of the nymph Pleione (the sailing nymph), ~~and~~ that (b) Mesopotamian religions even before this had associated seven (male) gods with the cluster. However, the number "seven" has never been part of the ''name'' of the cluster (unlike modern English).		The term "Pleiades" derives from Greek πλέω (pleiu), meaning ‘to sail’. In the Mediterranean, the sailing season (gentle winds and warm weather) was given from the heliacal rise to the opposition of this star cluster. The association of "seven" with the cluster is of unknown origin, but it is a fact that (a) Greek mythology created a tale of seven daughters of the nymph Pleione (the sailing nymph), that (b) Mesopotamian religions even before this had associated seven (male) gods with the cluster, and that (c) Indian religion considers them the seven nurses of Lord Shiva's baby. However, the number "seven" has never been part of the ''name'' of the cluster (unlike modern English); ancient depictions always show six stars which are connected to seven deities - except the Maori star lore which sees nine (deified?) stars with sacred realms.<ref>Susanne M. Hoffmann,* Khalid AlAjaji, B.S. Shylaja, Yang Boshun, Danielle Adams, Eric Mamajek, Ian Ridpath, Paul Baki, Juan Antonio Belmonte Avilés, Sze-Leung Cheung, Daniel Cunnama, Jörg Matthias Determann, M. Sadegh Faghanpour, Steven Gullberg, Duane Hamacher, Roland Laffitte, Alejandro M. López, Javier Mejuto, Thierry Montmerle, Clive Ruggles, Shi Yunli, Doris Vickers, Sun Xiaochun, and Hitoshi Yamaoka (2025). The IAU Working Group on Star Names (WGSN): '''Research Finds in 2025'''. ''Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage'', 28(4), 1026–1038 (2025).</ref>

	== Etymology and History ==		== Etymology and History ==

Sushoff at 11:59, 19 February 2026

2026-02-19T11:59:16Z

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			{{PAGEAUTHORS}}
			----

	[[File:Pleiades and Hyades in Stellarium.jpg\|thumb\|Pleiades and Hyades in Stellarium (date -300 but this view is independent of the historical epoch on human scales).]]		[[File:Pleiades and Hyades in Stellarium.jpg\|thumb\|Pleiades and Hyades in Stellarium (date -300 but this view is independent of the historical epoch on human scales).]]
	[[File:Fig7 taurueschen 800dpi.jpg\|thumb\|The Pleiades as drawn on VAT 7851 are the six (plus two smaller) bristles on the hump of Taurus, the Bull.]]		[[File:Fig7 taurueschen 800dpi.jpg\|thumb\|The Pleiades as drawn on VAT 7851 are the six (plus two smaller) bristles on the hump of Taurus, the Bull.]]

IanRidpath at 18:47, 14 February 2026

2026-02-14T18:47:26Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:47, 14 February 2026
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	== IAU Working Group on Star Names ==		== IAU Working Group on Star Names ==
	In antiquity, the stars of the cluster were unnamed~~, but modern pop-culture named them~~. ~~These~~ names were approved by the IAU WGSN in 2016:		In antiquity, the stars of the cluster were unnamed. Names were given to nine stars in the 17th century and these names were approved by the IAU WGSN in 2016:

	The parents:		The parents:
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	* [[References\|References (general)]]		* [[References\|References (general)]]
	* [[References (Medieval and Early Modern)\|References (early modern)]]		* [[References (Medieval and Early Modern)\|References (early modern)]]
	* Ian Ridpath'~~s website (~~Star Tales )		* Ian Ridpath "Who Named the Stars of the Pleiades?" [https://www.obsmag.org/issues/published/2026/02/1310_0003.pdf ''The Observatory'', 2026 February, 3–6].
			* Ridpath, Ian, [http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/taurus2.html#names Star Tales Taurus].