Qed - Revision history

Sushoff at 18:45, 27 September 2026

2026-09-27T18:45:46Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:45, 27 September 2026
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	'''Variants'''		'''Variants'''
	* Qed		* Qed
	* Qedty		* Sawy-Qed
			* [[Qedty]] (different constellation)
	=== Origin of Constellation ===		=== Origin of Constellation ===
	In the decan star clocks there are two decans called Qed, in singular, and [[Qedty]], in dual. They are far away in RA. One possibly was close to [[Pisces]] and before [[Aret]], the other possibly to the South of [[Sagittarius]]. These are mentioned in NK celestial diagrams but never depicted as constellations.		In the decan star clocks there are two decans called Qed, in singular, and [[Qedty]], in dual. They are far away in RA. One possibly was close to [[Pisces]] and before [[Aret]], the other possibly to the South of [[Sagittarius]]. These are mentioned in NK celestial diagrams but never depicted as constellations.

Sushoff: /* Identification */

2026-09-27T18:32:19Z

Identification

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:32, 27 September 2026
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	Belmonte and Lull identify the pentagonal head of [[Cetus]] for Qed, and an area south of [[Sagittarius]] in which [[Corona Australis]] (quite circular) would be one of the pair [[Qedty]].		Belmonte and Lull identify the pentagonal head of [[Cetus]] for Qed, and an area south of [[Sagittarius]] in which [[Corona Australis]] (quite circular) would be one of the pair [[Qedty]].

	Maravelia (2006,<ref>Maravelia, Alicia (2006) ... </ref> 450, Tab. 4, #23) <blockquote>la tête de Cetus a une apparence circulaire (DC & GR.). Il s'agit peut-être du "kraal" de troupeau. </blockquote><blockquote>'''Engl.:''' the head of Cetus has a circular appearance (Diagonal Star Clocks and graphical representations). Perhaps it is "kraal" of the ~~champ~~.</blockquote>		Maravelia (2006,<ref>Maravelia, Alicia (2006) ... </ref> 450, Tab. 4, #23) <blockquote>la tête de Cetus a une apparence circulaire (DC & GR.). Il s'agit peut-être du "kraal" de troupeau. </blockquote><blockquote>'''Engl.:''' the head of Cetus has a circular appearance (Diagonal Star Clocks and graphical representations). Perhaps it is a "kraal" of the herd.</blockquote>"kraal" is an African term for a (circular) enclosure, here referring to α,ν, ξ, γ, μ Ceti, next to δ Ceti.

	==== Image Variants of Fishing Nets ====		==== Image Variants of Fishing Nets ====

Sushoff at 18:23, 27 September 2026

2026-09-27T18:23:52Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:23, 27 September 2026
Line 29:		Line 29:

	Belmonte and Lull identify the pentagonal head of [[Cetus]] for Qed, and an area south of [[Sagittarius]] in which [[Corona Australis]] (quite circular) would be one of the pair [[Qedty]].		Belmonte and Lull identify the pentagonal head of [[Cetus]] for Qed, and an area south of [[Sagittarius]] in which [[Corona Australis]] (quite circular) would be one of the pair [[Qedty]].

			Maravelia (2006,<ref>Maravelia, Alicia (2006) ... </ref> 450, Tab. 4, #23) <blockquote>la tête de Cetus a une apparence circulaire (DC & GR.). Il s'agit peut-être du "kraal" de troupeau. </blockquote><blockquote>'''Engl.:''' the head of Cetus has a circular appearance (Diagonal Star Clocks and graphical representations). Perhaps it is "kraal" of the champ.</blockquote>

	==== Image Variants of Fishing Nets ====		==== Image Variants of Fishing Nets ====

Sushoff: /* IAU Working Group on Star Names */

2026-09-27T17:20:58Z

IAU Working Group on Star Names

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:20, 27 September 2026
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	== IAU Working Group on Star Names ==		== IAU Working Group on Star Names ==
	Qed was proposed to WGSN in 2023 by Juan Belmonte: "Delta Ceti would instead be ideal for Qed (another decan), since Jose Lull and I agree that Qed (circle or Sheepfold) could be related to the head of Cetus and its close to circular form in the sky. RA here fits very well. Delta being immediately below is a perfect candidate."		Qed was proposed to WGSN in 2023 by Juan Belmonte: "Delta Ceti would instead be ideal for Qed (another decan), since Jose Lull and Juan Belmonte agree that Qed (circle or Sheepfold) could be related to the head of Cetus and its close to circular form in the sky. RA here fits very well. Delta being immediately below is a perfect candidate."

	== Weblinks ==		== Weblinks ==

Sushoff: /* Religion/ Tales/ Mythology */

2026-09-25T06:43:04Z

Religion/ Tales/ Mythology

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:43, 25 September 2026
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	== IAU Working Group on Star Names ==		== IAU Working Group on Star Names ==
			Qed was proposed to WGSN in 2023 by Juan Belmonte: "Delta Ceti would instead be ideal for Qed (another decan), since Jose Lull and I agree that Qed (circle or Sheepfold) could be related to the head of Cetus and its close to circular form in the sky. RA here fits very well. Delta being immediately below is a perfect candidate."

	== Weblinks ==		== Weblinks ==

Sushoff at 18:38, 24 September 2026

2026-09-24T18:38:36Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:38, 24 September 2026
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	----		----
	[[File:Qed+Qedty_Belmonte2003.png\|thumb\|Qed+Qedty (Belmonte 2003)]]		[[File:Qed+Qedty_Belmonte2003.png\|thumb\|Qed+Qedty (Belmonte 2003)]]
	Qed is an Egyptian name that can be translated as circle, sheepfold or net. Decan star clocks ~~incclude bith~~ Qed and [[Qedty]] (in dual form) for two different asterisms. They were not present on RSC which used more appealing constellations further north such as Aped and [[Wia]], respectively, to cover the same RA range.		Qed (''ḳd'') is an Egyptian name that can be translated as circle, sheepfold or net. Decan star clocks include both Qed and [[Qedty]] (in dual form) for two different asterisms. They were not present on RSC which used more appealing constellations further north such as Aped and [[Wia]], respectively, to cover the same RA range.

	==Concordance, Etymology, History==		==Concordance, Etymology, History==
	'''Variants'''		'''Variants'''
Line 9:		Line 10:
	* Qedty		* Qedty
	=== Origin of Constellation ===		=== Origin of Constellation ===
	In the decan star clocks there are two decans called Qed, in singular, and [[Qedty]], in dual. They are far away in RA. One possibly was close to [[Pisces]] and before Aret, the other possibly to the South of [[Sagittarius]]. These are mentioned in NK celestial diagrams but never depicted as constellations.		In the decan star clocks there are two decans called Qed, in singular, and [[Qedty]], in dual. They are far away in RA. One possibly was close to [[Pisces]] and before [[Aret]], the other possibly to the South of [[Sagittarius]]. These are mentioned in NK celestial diagrams but never depicted as constellations.

	~~Qed means net, circle, or sheepfold, so [[Qedty]] means two nets or a pair of nets, and hence we expect them to have a nearly round, circular or enclosed form.~~

	In a complete independent analysis, a tentative interpretation on these two decans was given by Belmonte (2003)<ref>Belmonte, J. A., 2003. The Ramesside star clocks and the ancient Egyptian constellations. In M. Blomberg, P. E. Blomberg and G. Henriksson (Eds.), ''Calendars, Symbols, and Orientations: Legacies of Astronomy in Culture'' (pp. 57–65). ''Uppsala Astronomical Observatory report'', 59. Uppsala Ocarina Books.</ref> in MSAIT on the Decans, and simultaneously on his PUV book on "La Astronomía del antiguo Egipto" by Jose Lull in 2004. Both of them independently coincided in their hypothesis for Qed and Qedty after their analyses because they fit in RA within the errors. The pentagonal head of [[Cetus]] for Qed, and an area south of [[Sagittarius]] in which [[Corona Australis]] (quite circular) would be one of the pair Qedty.

	~~So this, among others, is why they published a paper in JHA in 2006 together. Table 4.7 is just a final count of 20 years of discussion and analyses.~~

	~~Leitz (1995) locates Qed in Alpha Andromedae, which is far too north for a decan~~.

	==== Decan Star Clocks ====		==== Decan Star Clocks ====
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	File:Digaonalsternuhr.jpg\|Diagonal star clock in coffins from the Middle Kingdom of Ancient Egypt (Coffin of Nacht, probably from Asyut, 11th/12th Dynasty): Hildesheim, Römer und Pelicäusmuseum.		File:Digaonalsternuhr.jpg\|Diagonal star clock in coffins from the Middle Kingdom of Ancient Egypt (Coffin of Nacht, probably from Asyut, 11th/12th Dynasty): Hildesheim, Römer und Pelicäusmuseum.
	</gallery>		</gallery>

			==== Identification ====
			Leitz (1995,<ref name=":02">Leitz, Ch., 1995. Altägyptische Sternuhren. OLA, 62. Leuven: Peeters.</ref> 78) describes a graphical identification method for the decan constellations and says that he basically follows the identifications of Neugebauer and Parker (Astronomische Texte I, 97-100). Yet, on the following pages, Leitz (1995) gives his own arguments, always citing NP but occasionally giving alternatives.

			Qed (''ḳd'') is the 22nd decan and reads in Leitz (1995, 92):<blockquote>Der mit Abstand hellste Stern vor dem 22. Untergangshorizont ist Sirrah (α Andromedae), ein weißer Stern (Spektralklasse B9) der Größe m = 2.0, der mit laut Karte 1.°3 Horizontabstand etwa 0.°5 bis 1° zu tief steht. </blockquote><blockquote>By far the brightest star visible before the 22nd sunset horizon is Sirrah (α Andromedae), a white star (spectral class B9) of magnitude m = 2.0, which, with a horizon distance of 1.°3 according to the map, is about 0.°5 to 1° too low.</blockquote>So, Leitz suggests an identification that he immediately rejects without presenting any alternative. Belmonte and Lull (2023) agree with the rejection and consider Alpha Andromedae far too north for a decan.

			Qed means net, circle, or sheepfold, so [[Qedty]] means two nets or a pair of nets, and hence we expect them to have a nearly round, circular or enclosed form, which fits the two shapes of star bows south of the Egyptian ship-constellation Wia: the stars of the tail of Scorpius and those of Corona Australis.

			In a complete independent analysis, a tentative interpretation on these two decans was given by Belmonte (2003)<ref>Belmonte, J. A., 2003. The Ramesside star clocks and the ancient Egyptian constellations. In M. Blomberg, P. E. Blomberg and G. Henriksson (Eds.), ''Calendars, Symbols, and Orientations: Legacies of Astronomy in Culture'' (pp. 57–65). ''Uppsala Astronomical Observatory report'', 59. Uppsala Ocarina Books.</ref> in MSAIT on the Decans, and simultaneously on his PUV book on "La Astronomía del antiguo Egipto" by Jose Lull in 2004. Both of them independently coincided in their hypothesis for Qed and Qedty after their analyses because they fit in RA within the errors. So this, among others, is why they published a paper in JHA in 2006 together. Table 4.7 is just a final count of 20 years of discussion and analyses.

			Belmonte and Lull identify the pentagonal head of [[Cetus]] for Qed, and an area south of [[Sagittarius]] in which [[Corona Australis]] (quite circular) would be one of the pair [[Qedty]].

	==== Image Variants of Fishing Nets ====		==== Image Variants of Fishing Nets ====

Sushoff at 18:24, 24 September 2026

2026-09-24T18:24:18Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:24, 24 September 2026
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	{{DISPLAYTITLE:}}		{{DISPLAYTITLE:}}
	Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}~~, Juan A. Belmonte~~		Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
	----		----
	[[File:Qed+Qedty_Belmonte2003.png\|thumb\|Qed+Qedty (Belmonte 2003)]]		[[File:Qed+Qedty_Belmonte2003.png\|thumb\|Qed+Qedty (Belmonte 2003)]]

Sushoff at 17:35, 24 September 2026

2026-09-24T17:35:14Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:35, 24 September 2026
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	==== Decan Star Clocks ====		==== Decan Star Clocks ====
	Decan star clocks (also "diagonal star clocks") represent one of the earliest known systematic methods of stellar timekeeping, as they are preserved from the Middle Kingdom (2100-1800 BCE). During the night, the successive appearance of decans provided a way to divide the night into approximately twelve parts for the twelve hours of the night. These constellations shift successively, so that the Egyptian schema needs to be read diagonally: every ten days, another constellation is considered to rule the same hour, or in other words, each constellation (decan) rules a different hour depending on the time of the year. Hoffmann (2022)<ref>Hoffmann, S.M. (2022). Comparison of some General Concepts.,in Hoffmann and Wolfschmidt (eds.). Astronomy in Culture – Cultures of Astronomy, tredition Hamburg, 542-560</ref> writes: "The pattern of this systematic shift of constellations through the hours of the day within a year is depicted on Egyptian diagonal star clocks, when the sequence of decans was observed in culmination instead of in rising (Symons 2007<ref>Symons, Sarah (2007), A star's year: the annual cycle in the ancient egyptian sky, in J. M. Steele, ed., `Calendars and Years: Astronomy and Time in the Ancient World', Oxbow, Oxford (UK), pp. 1--33.</ref>), leading to a reduction of deviations throughout the year." <gallery>		Decan star clocks (also "diagonal star clocks")<ref>Leitz, Ch., 1995. Altägyptische Sternuhren. OLA, 62. Leuven: Peeters.</ref> represent one of the earliest known systematic methods of stellar timekeeping, as they are preserved from the Middle Kingdom (2100-1800 BCE). During the night, the successive appearance of decans provided a way to divide the night into approximately twelve parts for the twelve hours of the night. These constellations shift successively, so that the Egyptian schema needs to be read diagonally: every ten days, another constellation is considered to rule the same hour, or in other words, each constellation (decan) rules a different hour depending on the time of the year. Hoffmann (2022)<ref>Hoffmann, S.M. (2022). Comparison of some General Concepts.,in Hoffmann and Wolfschmidt (eds.). Astronomy in Culture – Cultures of Astronomy, tredition Hamburg, 542-560</ref> writes: "The pattern of this systematic shift of constellations through the hours of the day within a year is depicted on Egyptian diagonal star clocks, when the sequence of decans was observed in culmination instead of in rising (Symons 2007<ref>Symons, Sarah (2007), A star's year: the annual cycle in the ancient egyptian sky, in J. M. Steele, ed., `Calendars and Years: Astronomy and Time in the Ancient World', Oxbow, Oxford (UK), pp. 1--33.</ref>), leading to a reduction of deviations throughout the year." <gallery>
	File:EgStarClockSarg_BettinaHoffmann.jpeg\|Schema of Egyptian star clock in a coffin lid (CC BY Bettina Hoffmann).		File:EgStarClockSarg_BettinaHoffmann.jpeg\|Schema of Egyptian star clock in a coffin lid (CC BY Bettina Hoffmann).
	File:EgStarClockSchema_BettinaHoffmann.jpeg\|Schema of Egyptian star clock: how it works (CC BY Bettina Hoffmann).		File:EgStarClockSchema_BettinaHoffmann.jpeg\|Schema of Egyptian star clock: how it works (CC BY Bettina Hoffmann).

Sushoff: /* Origin of Constellation */

2026-09-24T11:09:59Z

Origin of Constellation

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:09, 24 September 2026
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	Leitz (1995) locates Qed in Alpha Andromedae, which is far too north for a decan.		Leitz (1995) locates Qed in Alpha Andromedae, which is far too north for a decan.

	=== Image Variants of Fishing Nets ===		==== Decan Star Clocks ====
			Decan star clocks (also "diagonal star clocks") represent one of the earliest known systematic methods of stellar timekeeping, as they are preserved from the Middle Kingdom (2100-1800 BCE). During the night, the successive appearance of decans provided a way to divide the night into approximately twelve parts for the twelve hours of the night. These constellations shift successively, so that the Egyptian schema needs to be read diagonally: every ten days, another constellation is considered to rule the same hour, or in other words, each constellation (decan) rules a different hour depending on the time of the year. Hoffmann (2022)<ref>Hoffmann, S.M. (2022). Comparison of some General Concepts.,in Hoffmann and Wolfschmidt (eds.). Astronomy in Culture – Cultures of Astronomy, tredition Hamburg, 542-560</ref> writes: "The pattern of this systematic shift of constellations through the hours of the day within a year is depicted on Egyptian diagonal star clocks, when the sequence of decans was observed in culmination instead of in rising (Symons 2007<ref>Symons, Sarah (2007), A star's year: the annual cycle in the ancient egyptian sky, in J. M. Steele, ed., `Calendars and Years: Astronomy and Time in the Ancient World', Oxbow, Oxford (UK), pp. 1--33.</ref>), leading to a reduction of deviations throughout the year." <gallery>
			File:EgStarClockSarg_BettinaHoffmann.jpeg\|Schema of Egyptian star clock in a coffin lid (CC BY Bettina Hoffmann).
			File:EgStarClockSchema_BettinaHoffmann.jpeg\|Schema of Egyptian star clock: how it works (CC BY Bettina Hoffmann).
			File:Digaonalsternuhr.jpg\|Diagonal star clock in coffins from the Middle Kingdom of Ancient Egypt (Coffin of Nacht, probably from Asyut, 11th/12th Dynasty): Hildesheim, Römer und Pelicäusmuseum.
			</gallery>

			==== Image Variants of Fishing Nets ====

	For a depiction in the tomb of Menna (TT 69), Thebes, tp. Amenhotep III, New Kingdom also see Hartwig (2015)<ref>Hartwig, Melinda. (2015). “Style.” In A Companion to Ancient Egyptian Art, edited by Melinda Hartwig, pp. 39-59. Blackwell Companions to Art History Series. Boston & Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.</ref>.<gallery>		For a depiction in the tomb of Menna (TT 69), Thebes, tp. Amenhotep III, New Kingdom also see Hartwig (2015)<ref>Hartwig, Melinda. (2015). “Style.” In A Companion to Ancient Egyptian Art, edited by Melinda Hartwig, pp. 39-59. Blackwell Companions to Art History Series. Boston & Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.</ref>.<gallery>
	File:Fishing_with_Net_(1878)_-_TIMEA.jpg\|A team of men catching fish with a large net. (Weidenbach 1878)		File:Fishing_with_Net_(1878)_-_TIMEA.jpg\|A team of men catching fish with a large net. (Weidenbach 1878)

JuanBelmonte at 10:26, 23 September 2026

2026-09-23T10:26:12Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:26, 23 September 2026
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	{{DISPLAYTITLE:}}		{{DISPLAYTITLE:}}
	Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}		Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}, Juan A. Belmonte
	----		----
	[[File:Qed+Qedty_Belmonte2003.png\|thumb\|Qed+Qedty (Belmonte 2003)]]		[[File:Qed+Qedty_Belmonte2003.png\|thumb\|Qed+Qedty (Belmonte 2003)]]
	Qed ~~(... ), Net,~~ is an Egyptian name, ~~used in decan~~ star clocks. Qed and [[Qedty]] ~~were~~ not present on RSC which used more appealing constellations further north such as Aped and [[Wia]], respectively, to cover the same RA range.		Qed is an Egyptian name that can be translated as circle, sheepfold or net. Decan star clocks incclude bith Qed and [[Qedty]] (in dual form) for two different asterisms. They were not present on RSC which used more appealing constellations further north such as Aped and [[Wia]], respectively, to cover the same RA range.
	==Concordance, Etymology, History==		==Concordance, Etymology, History==
	'''Variants'''		'''Variants'''
Line 9:		Line 9:
	* Qedty		* Qedty
	=== Origin of Constellation ===		=== Origin of Constellation ===
	In the decan star clocks there are two decans called Qed, in singular, and [[Qedty]], in dual. They are far away in RA. One possibly close to [[Pisces]] and before Aret, the other possibly to the South of [[Sagittarius]]. These are mentioned in NK celestial diagrams but never depicted as constellations.		In the decan star clocks there are two decans called Qed, in singular, and [[Qedty]], in dual. They are far away in RA. One possibly was close to [[Pisces]] and before Aret, the other possibly to the South of [[Sagittarius]]. These are mentioned in NK celestial diagrams but never depicted as constellations.

	Qed means net, so [[Qedty]] means two nets or a pair of nets, and hence we expect them to have a nearly round, circular or enclosed form.		Qed means net, circle, or sheepfold, so [[Qedty]] means two nets or a pair of nets, and hence we expect them to have a nearly round, circular or enclosed form.

	In a complete independent analysis, a tentative interpretation on these two decans was given by Belmonte (2003)<ref>Belmonte, J. A., 2003. The Ramesside star clocks and the ancient Egyptian constellations. In M. Blomberg, P. E. Blomberg and G. Henriksson (Eds.), ''Calendars, Symbols, and Orientations: Legacies of Astronomy in Culture'' (pp. 57–65). ''Uppsala Astronomical Observatory report'', 59. Uppsala Ocarina Books.</ref> in MSAIT on the Decans, and simultaneously on his PUV book on "La Astronomía del antiguo Egipto" by Jose Lull in 2004. Both of them independently coincided in their hypothesis for Qed and Qedty after their analyses because they fit in RA within the errors. The pentagonal head of [[Cetus]] for Qed, and an area south of [[Sagittarius]] in which [[Corona Australis]] (quite circular) would be one of the pair Qedty.		In a complete independent analysis, a tentative interpretation on these two decans was given by Belmonte (2003)<ref>Belmonte, J. A., 2003. The Ramesside star clocks and the ancient Egyptian constellations. In M. Blomberg, P. E. Blomberg and G. Henriksson (Eds.), ''Calendars, Symbols, and Orientations: Legacies of Astronomy in Culture'' (pp. 57–65). ''Uppsala Astronomical Observatory report'', 59. Uppsala Ocarina Books.</ref> in MSAIT on the Decans, and simultaneously on his PUV book on "La Astronomía del antiguo Egipto" by Jose Lull in 2004. Both of them independently coincided in their hypothesis for Qed and Qedty after their analyses because they fit in RA within the errors. The pentagonal head of [[Cetus]] for Qed, and an area south of [[Sagittarius]] in which [[Corona Australis]] (quite circular) would be one of the pair Qedty.