Quadrans - Revision history

IanRidpath: /* Reference */ Copyedit, capitalization

2026-02-22T10:04:15Z

Reference: Copyedit, capitalization

Sushoff at 15:53, 20 January 2026

2026-01-20T15:53:06Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:53, 20 January 2026
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	{{distinguish\|Quadrans Muralis}}		{{distinguish\|Quadrans Muralis}}
			Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
			----
	[[File:Quadrans profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|thumb\|Quadrans profile card (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour and Susanne M Hoffmann for IAU-WGSN).]]		[[File:Quadrans profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|thumb\|Quadrans profile card (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour and Susanne M Hoffmann for IAU-WGSN).]]
	[[File:Quadrans stickfigure SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|thumb\|Quadrans stickfigure (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour and Susanne M Hoffmann for IAU-WGSN).]]		[[File:Quadrans stickfigure SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|thumb\|Quadrans stickfigure (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour and Susanne M Hoffmann for IAU-WGSN).]]

Sushoff: /* Brightest Stars of the Historical Constellation */

2025-11-29T07:39:54Z

Brightest Stars of the Historical Constellation

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:39, 29 November 2025
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	</gallery>		</gallery>

	==~~Mythology~~==		=== Brightest Stars of the Historical Constellation ===
	~~no mythology~~

	~~==IAU Working Group Star Names~~==
	~~[[File:Quadrans stellarium1795 GIF.gif\|alt~~=~~star chart with changing labels (animated GIF)\|thumb\|Lalande's Quadrans on Stellarium with the three brightest stars marked (Susanne M Hoffmann 2025).]]~~
	~~The name was discussed and applied by the IAU WGSN in 2025.~~

	=== ~~Brightest Stars of the Historical Constellation~~ ===		==== For WGSN name discussion ====
	The brightest stars in the vicinity of Quadrans Muralis, in order of brightness are:		The brightest stars in the vicinity of Quadrans Muralis, in order of brightness are:

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	Note that in 2025 the radiant for the Quadrantid meteor shower is near RA, Dec = 230.2, +49.5 (ICRS, J2000; Jenniskens et al. 2016), which is in Boötes and closer to 44 Boo than CL Dra.<ref>David Harper, L.M. Stockman (2020) SkyEye (Website)https://www.obliquity.com/skyeye/88const/Qua.html</ref>		Note that in 2025 the radiant for the Quadrantid meteor shower is near RA, Dec = 230.2, +49.5 (ICRS, J2000; Jenniskens et al. 2016), which is in Boötes and closer to 44 Boo than CL Dra.<ref>David Harper, L.M. Stockman (2020) SkyEye (Website)https://www.obliquity.com/skyeye/88const/Qua.html</ref>

	=== Confusions on Star Qualities ===		==== Confusions on Star Qualities ====
	For '''CL Dra''', [https://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=CL+Dra&NbIdent=1&Radius=2&Radius.unit=arcmin&submit=submit+id SIMBAD] gives a wrong magnitude; [https://www.aavso.org/vsx/index.php?view=detail.top&oid=13784 VSX] registers it with 4.95±0.02 mag and as "delta Scuti"-type variable but this class has become obsolete as the variability is so small.		For '''CL Dra''', [https://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=CL+Dra&NbIdent=1&Radius=2&Radius.unit=arcmin&submit=submit+id SIMBAD] gives a wrong magnitude; [https://www.aavso.org/vsx/index.php?view=detail.top&oid=13784 VSX] registers it with 4.95±0.02 mag and as "delta Scuti"-type variable but this class has become obsolete as the variability is so small.

	For '''44 Boo''', [https://simbad.cds.unistra.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=44+Boo&submit=SIMBAD+search SIMBAD] lists two components:		For '''44 Boo''', [https://simbad.cds.unistra.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=44+Boo&submit=SIMBAD+search SIMBAD] lists two components:

	* A with V=4.991+-0.009 (ASCC-2.5) and		* A with V=4.991+-0.009 (ASCC-2.5) and
	* B, an unresolved W UMa contact binary, with V=6.002+-0.008 (ASCC-2.5)		* B, an unresolved W UMa contact binary, with V=6.002+-0.008 (ASCC-2.5)

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	Kirkpatrick+2024 has a long note on the confusion in the literature about which component is the contact binary: <blockquote>"Component A is an SB1 (Duquennoy1991) but this is an SB1 due to the orbital motion of A around Ba-Bb (and it's not an SB2 because Ba-Bb is outside the slit). Component B is an EB (Samus2017). There appears to be a typo in Table 2 of Duquennoy1991 stating that it's the Aa-Ab system that has a 0.2678-day orbit period, but this is the value for Ba-Bb. Their own note to this table makes it clear that the system is only a triple. Nonetheless, this mistake seems to have propagated to Abt2006 and then to the WDS Notes. Soderhjelm1999 gives a total mass of 2.70±0.16 M_Sun. We use the measured/estimate spectral types to estimate individual types. Our total estimated mass of 2.61 M<sub>Sun</sub> compares well to the Soderhjelm1999 total dynamical mass of 2.70 M<sub>sun</sub> but less well to the Malkov2012 total dynamical mass of 2.190 M<sub>sun</sub>."</blockquote>		Kirkpatrick+2024 has a long note on the confusion in the literature about which component is the contact binary: <blockquote>"Component A is an SB1 (Duquennoy1991) but this is an SB1 due to the orbital motion of A around Ba-Bb (and it's not an SB2 because Ba-Bb is outside the slit). Component B is an EB (Samus2017). There appears to be a typo in Table 2 of Duquennoy1991 stating that it's the Aa-Ab system that has a 0.2678-day orbit period, but this is the value for Ba-Bb. Their own note to this table makes it clear that the system is only a triple. Nonetheless, this mistake seems to have propagated to Abt2006 and then to the WDS Notes. Soderhjelm1999 gives a total mass of 2.70±0.16 M_Sun. We use the measured/estimate spectral types to estimate individual types. Our total estimated mass of 2.61 M<sub>Sun</sub> compares well to the Soderhjelm1999 total dynamical mass of 2.70 M<sub>sun</sub> but less well to the Malkov2012 total dynamical mass of 2.190 M<sub>sun</sub>."</blockquote>

	==IAU Working Group on Star Names==		==Mythology==
			no mythology

			==IAU Working Group Star Names==
			[[File:Quadrans stellarium1795 GIF.gif\|alt=star chart with changing labels (animated GIF)\|thumb\|Lalande's Quadrans on Stellarium with the three brightest stars marked (Susanne M Hoffmann 2025).]]
			The name was discussed and applied by the IAU WGSN in 2025.

	One proposal is to name the V=4.95 mag-star CL Dra. Another proposal could be to apply "Quadrans" to one star and "Muralis" to the other, e.g. "Quadrans" for 44 Boo (the primary of its triple) and "Muralis" for CL Dra, but with respect to other cultures who might want to name stars, WGSN name only one of them.		One proposal is to name the V=4.95 mag-star CL Dra. Another proposal could be to apply "Quadrans" to one star and "Muralis" to the other, e.g. "Quadrans" for 44 Boo (the primary of its triple) and "Muralis" for CL Dra, but with respect to other cultures who might want to name stars, WGSN name only one of them.

Sushoff at 07:37, 29 November 2025

2025-11-29T07:37:04Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:37, 29 November 2025
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	The constellation was adopted by several atlas makers around 1800 but was dropped by the IAU in the 1920s.		The constellation was adopted by several atlas makers around 1800 but was dropped by the IAU in the 1920s.
	<gallery>		<gallery>
	File:Quadransstellarium.jpg\|alt=Stellarium map with historical map\| Lalande's initial image of Quadrans mapped to Stellarium (Susanne M Hoffmann). In this case, the lines of RA,DEC in the historical map are used to anchor the star chart.		File:Quadransstellarium.jpg\|alt=Stellarium map with historical map\|Lalande's initial image of Quadrans mapped to Stellarium (Susanne M Hoffmann). In this case, the lines of RA,DEC in the historical map are used to anchor the star chart.

	File:Quadrans Fortin1795.jpg\|alt=historical map \|Fortin's 1795 edition of Flamsteed's celestial atlas in French displays Quadrans overlapping Draco and Boötes.		File:Quadrans Fortin1795.jpg\|alt=historical map \|Fortin's 1795 edition of Flamsteed's celestial atlas in French displays Quadrans overlapping Draco and Boötes.

Sushoff: /* Etymology and History */

2025-11-29T07:35:56Z

Etymology and History

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:35, 29 November 2025
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	[[File:Quadrans profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|thumb\|Quadrans profile card (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour and Susanne M Hoffmann for IAU-WGSN).]]		[[File:Quadrans profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|thumb\|Quadrans profile card (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour and Susanne M Hoffmann for IAU-WGSN).]]
	[[File:Quadrans stickfigure SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|thumb\|Quadrans stickfigure (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour and Susanne M Hoffmann for IAU-WGSN).]]		[[File:Quadrans stickfigure SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|thumb\|Quadrans stickfigure (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour and Susanne M Hoffmann for IAU-WGSN).]]
	[[File:Quadransstellarium.jpg\|alt=Stellarium map with historical map\|thumb\|Lalande's initial image of Quadrans mapped to Stellarium (Susanne M Hoffmann). In this case, the lines of RA,DEC in the historical map are used to anchor the star chart. ]]
	~~[[File:Quadrans Fortin1795.jpg\|alt=historical map\|thumb\|Fortin's 1795 edition of Flamsteed's celestial atlas in French displays Quadrans overlapping Draco and Boötes.]]~~

	Quadrans is the name of the star 44 Boo (i Boo, GJ 575); it is Latin language. It was named by the IAU in 2025 to commemorate the obsolete constellation [[Quadrans Muralis]],<ref>Ian Ridpath, Star Tales Online Edition: [http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/quadrans.html Quadrans Muralis]</ref><ref>Ian Ridpath, Star Tales Online Edition, [http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/quadranslalande.html Lalande's Quadrans]</ref> which is preserved in the name of the Quadrantids meteor shower.		Quadrans is the name of the star 44 Boo (i Boo, GJ 575); it is Latin language. It was named by the IAU in 2025 to commemorate the obsolete constellation [[Quadrans Muralis]],<ref>Ian Ridpath, Star Tales Online Edition: [http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/quadrans.html Quadrans Muralis]</ref><ref>Ian Ridpath, Star Tales Online Edition, [http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/quadranslalande.html Lalande's Quadrans]</ref> which is preserved in the name of the Quadrantids meteor shower.

	==Etymology and History==		==Etymology and History==
	[[File:Quadrantiden Stellarium2025 starsTo6.5mag.jpg\|alt=Stellarium map with radiant of Quadrantides\|thumb\|The radiant of the Quadrantids meteor shower displayed in Stellarium (2025) with stars shown only brighter than 6.5 mag. The star closest to the current radiant is marked.]]		[[File:Quadrantiden Stellarium2025 starsTo6.5mag.jpg\|alt=Stellarium map with radiant of Quadrantides\|thumb\|The radiant of the Quadrantids meteor shower displayed in Stellarium (2025) with stars shown only brighter than 6.5 mag. The star closest to the current radiant is marked.]]
	In the late 18th century, the French astronomer Jean-Baptiste Fortin and the German astronomer Johann E. Bode published several translated and updated editions of Flamsteed's Atlas Coelestis. In the last version of the French edition 1795, the reviewer Jérôme Lalande introduced the new constellation "Quadrans Muralis" (Latinized later by Bode) or French "Le Mural", but drew it only one of the two maps where the area is included: <gallery widths="550" heights="295">		In the late 18th century, the French astronomer Jean-Baptiste Fortin and the German astronomer Johann E. Bode published several translated and updated editions of Flamsteed's Atlas Coelestis. In the last version of the French edition 1795, the reviewer Jérôme Lalande introduced the new constellation "Quadrans Muralis" (Latinized later by Bode) or French "Le Mural", but drew it only one of the two maps where the area is included: see [[Quadrans Muralis]]. <gallery widths="550" heights="295">
	File:Quadrans stellarium1795 GIF.gif\|Lalande's Quadrans on Stellarium with the three brightest stars marked; the image is anchored at the RA/DEC-lines, so the stars have a tiny offset (Susanne M Hoffmann 2025).		File:Quadrans stellarium1795 GIF.gif\|Lalande's Quadrans on Stellarium with the three brightest stars marked; the image is anchored at the RA/DEC-lines, so the stars have a tiny offset (Susanne M Hoffmann 2025).
	</gallery>The actual instrument that served as an inspiration for Lalande is still preserved in the Paris Observatory.<ref>Observatoire de Paris, Quart de Cercle Mural, (retrieved 2025), https://cosmos.obspm.fr/index.php/Detail/objects/30229 </ref>		</gallery>The actual instrument that served as an inspiration for Lalande is still preserved in the Paris Observatory.<ref>Observatoire de Paris, Quart de Cercle Mural, (retrieved 2025), https://cosmos.obspm.fr/index.php/Detail/objects/30229 </ref>

			The constellation was adopted by several atlas makers around 1800 but was dropped by the IAU in the 1920s.
			<gallery>
			File:Quadransstellarium.jpg\|alt=Stellarium map with historical map\| Lalande's initial image of Quadrans mapped to Stellarium (Susanne M Hoffmann). In this case, the lines of RA,DEC in the historical map are used to anchor the star chart.

			File:Quadrans Fortin1795.jpg\|alt=historical map \|Fortin's 1795 edition of Flamsteed's celestial atlas in French displays Quadrans overlapping Draco and Boötes.
			</gallery>

	==Mythology==		==Mythology==

Sushoff at 07:31, 29 November 2025

2025-11-29T07:31:29Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:31, 29 November 2025
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	{{distinguish\|Quadrans Muralis}}		{{distinguish\|Quadrans Muralis}}

			[[File:Quadrans profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|thumb\|Quadrans profile card (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour and Susanne M Hoffmann for IAU-WGSN).]]
			[[File:Quadrans stickfigure SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|thumb\|Quadrans stickfigure (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour and Susanne M Hoffmann for IAU-WGSN).]]
	[[File:Quadransstellarium.jpg\|alt=Stellarium map with historical map\|thumb\|Lalande's initial image of Quadrans mapped to Stellarium (Susanne M Hoffmann). In this case, the lines of RA,DEC in the historical map are used to anchor the star chart. ]]		[[File:Quadransstellarium.jpg\|alt=Stellarium map with historical map\|thumb\|Lalande's initial image of Quadrans mapped to Stellarium (Susanne M Hoffmann). In this case, the lines of RA,DEC in the historical map are used to anchor the star chart. ]]
	[[File:Quadrans Fortin1795.jpg\|alt=historical map\|thumb\|Fortin's 1795 edition of Flamsteed's celestial atlas in French displays Quadrans overlapping Draco and Boötes.]]		[[File:Quadrans Fortin1795.jpg\|alt=historical map\|thumb\|Fortin's 1795 edition of Flamsteed's celestial atlas in French displays Quadrans overlapping Draco and Boötes.]]

	Quadrans is the name of the star 44 Boo (i Boo, GJ 575); it is Latin language. It was named by the IAU in 2025 to commemorate the obsolete constellation [[Quadrans Muralis]],<ref>Ian Ridpath, Star Tales Online Edition: [http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/quadrans.html Quadrans Muralis]</ref><ref>Ian Ridpath, Star Tales Online Edition, [http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/quadranslalande.html Lalande's Quadrans]</ref> which is preserved in the name of the Quadrantids meteor shower.		Quadrans is the name of the star 44 Boo (i Boo, GJ 575); it is Latin language. It was named by the IAU in 2025 to commemorate the obsolete constellation [[Quadrans Muralis]],<ref>Ian Ridpath, Star Tales Online Edition: [http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/quadrans.html Quadrans Muralis]</ref><ref>Ian Ridpath, Star Tales Online Edition, [http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/quadranslalande.html Lalande's Quadrans]</ref> which is preserved in the name of the Quadrantids meteor shower.

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	One proposal is to name the V=4.95 mag-star CL Dra. Another proposal could be to apply "Quadrans" to one star and "Muralis" to the other, e.g. "Quadrans" for 44 Boo (the primary of its triple) and "Muralis" for CL Dra, but with respect to other cultures who might want to name stars, WGSN name only one of them.		One proposal is to name the V=4.95 mag-star CL Dra. Another proposal could be to apply "Quadrans" to one star and "Muralis" to the other, e.g. "Quadrans" for 44 Boo (the primary of its triple) and "Muralis" for CL Dra, but with respect to other cultures who might want to name stars, WGSN name only one of them.

	'''WGSN chose to name 44 Boo A "Quadrans".''' The name was adopted by the IAU WGSN on 2025/02/17.		'''WGSN chose to name 44 Boo A "Quadrans".''' The name was adopted by the IAU WGSN on 2025/02/17. <gallery>
			File:Quadrans profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg
			File:Quadrans stickfigure SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg
			</gallery>

	==Weblinks==		==Weblinks==

Sushoff at 11:19, 18 November 2025

2025-11-18T11:19:28Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:19, 18 November 2025
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			{{distinguish\|Quadrans Muralis}}

	[[File:Quadransstellarium.jpg\|alt=Stellarium map with historical map\|thumb\|Lalande's initial image of Quadrans mapped to Stellarium (Susanne M Hoffmann). In this case, the lines of RA,DEC in the historical map are used to anchor the star chart. ]]		[[File:Quadransstellarium.jpg\|alt=Stellarium map with historical map\|thumb\|Lalande's initial image of Quadrans mapped to Stellarium (Susanne M Hoffmann). In this case, the lines of RA,DEC in the historical map are used to anchor the star chart. ]]
	[[File:Quadrans Fortin1795.jpg\|alt=historical map\|thumb\|Fortin's 1795 edition of Flamsteed's celestial atlas in French displays Quadrans overlapping Draco and Boötes.]]		[[File:Quadrans Fortin1795.jpg\|alt=historical map\|thumb\|Fortin's 1795 edition of Flamsteed's celestial atlas in French displays Quadrans overlapping Draco and Boötes.]]

Sushoff at 15:48, 23 May 2025

2025-05-23T15:48:17Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:48, 23 May 2025
Line 1:		Line 1:
	[[File:Quadransstellarium.jpg\|alt=Stellarium map with historical map\|thumb\|Lalande's initial image of Quadrans mapped to Stellarium (Susanne M Hoffmann). In this case, the lines of RA,DEC in the historical map are used to anchor the star chart. ]]		[[File:Quadransstellarium.jpg\|alt=Stellarium map with historical map\|thumb\|Lalande's initial image of Quadrans mapped to Stellarium (Susanne M Hoffmann). In this case, the lines of RA,DEC in the historical map are used to anchor the star chart. ]]
	[[File:Quadrans Fortin1795.jpg\|alt=historical map\|thumb\|Fortin's 1795 edition of Flamsteed's celestial atlas in French displays Quadrans overlapping Draco and Boötes.]]		[[File:Quadrans Fortin1795.jpg\|alt=historical map\|thumb\|Fortin's 1795 edition of Flamsteed's celestial atlas in French displays Quadrans overlapping Draco and Boötes.]]
	Quadrans is the name of the star 44 Boo (i Boo, ~~SIMBAD~~); it is Latin language. It was named by the IAU in 2025 to commemorate the obsolete constellation [[Quadrans Muralis]],<ref>Ian Ridpath, Star Tales Online Edition: [http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/quadrans.html Quadrans Muralis]</ref><ref>Ian Ridpath, Star Tales Online Edition, [http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/quadranslalande.html Lalande's Quadrans]</ref> which is preserved in the name of the Quadrantids meteor shower.		Quadrans is the name of the star 44 Boo (i Boo, GJ 575); it is Latin language. It was named by the IAU in 2025 to commemorate the obsolete constellation [[Quadrans Muralis]],<ref>Ian Ridpath, Star Tales Online Edition: [http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/quadrans.html Quadrans Muralis]</ref><ref>Ian Ridpath, Star Tales Online Edition, [http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/quadranslalande.html Lalande's Quadrans]</ref> which is preserved in the name of the Quadrantids meteor shower.

	==Etymology and History==		==Etymology and History==

Sushoff at 10:06, 20 May 2025

2025-05-20T10:06:36Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:06, 20 May 2025
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	Kirkpatrick+2024 has a long note on the confusion in the literature about which component is the contact binary: <blockquote>"Component A is an SB1 (Duquennoy1991) but this is an SB1 due to the orbital motion of A around Ba-Bb (and it's not an SB2 because Ba-Bb is outside the slit). Component B is an EB (Samus2017). There appears to be a typo in Table 2 of Duquennoy1991 stating that it's the Aa-Ab system that has a 0.2678-day orbit period, but this is the value for Ba-Bb. Their own note to this table makes it clear that the system is only a triple. Nonetheless, this mistake seems to have propagated to Abt2006 and then to the WDS Notes. Soderhjelm1999 gives a total mass of 2.70±0.16 M_Sun. We use the measured/estimate spectral types to estimate individual types. Our total estimated mass of 2.61 M<sub>Sun</sub> compares well to the Soderhjelm1999 total dynamical mass of 2.70 M<sub>sun</sub> but less well to the Malkov2012 total dynamical mass of 2.190 M<sub>sun</sub>."</blockquote>		Kirkpatrick+2024 has a long note on the confusion in the literature about which component is the contact binary: <blockquote>"Component A is an SB1 (Duquennoy1991) but this is an SB1 due to the orbital motion of A around Ba-Bb (and it's not an SB2 because Ba-Bb is outside the slit). Component B is an EB (Samus2017). There appears to be a typo in Table 2 of Duquennoy1991 stating that it's the Aa-Ab system that has a 0.2678-day orbit period, but this is the value for Ba-Bb. Their own note to this table makes it clear that the system is only a triple. Nonetheless, this mistake seems to have propagated to Abt2006 and then to the WDS Notes. Soderhjelm1999 gives a total mass of 2.70±0.16 M_Sun. We use the measured/estimate spectral types to estimate individual types. Our total estimated mass of 2.61 M<sub>Sun</sub> compares well to the Soderhjelm1999 total dynamical mass of 2.70 M<sub>sun</sub> but less well to the Malkov2012 total dynamical mass of 2.190 M<sub>sun</sub>."</blockquote>

	==~~= Discussed Proposals =~~==		==IAU Working Group on Star Names==
	One proposal is to name the V=4.95 mag-star CL Dra. Another proposal could be to apply "Quadrans" to one star and "Muralis" to the other, e.g. "Quadrans" for 44 Boo (the primary of its triple) and "Muralis" for CL Dra, but with respect to other cultures who might want to name stars, WGSN name only one of them.		One proposal is to name the V=4.95 mag-star CL Dra. Another proposal could be to apply "Quadrans" to one star and "Muralis" to the other, e.g. "Quadrans" for 44 Boo (the primary of its triple) and "Muralis" for CL Dra, but with respect to other cultures who might want to name stars, WGSN name only one of them.

	'''WGSN chose to name 44 Boo A "Quadrans".'''		'''WGSN chose to name 44 Boo A "Quadrans".''' The name was adopted by the IAU WGSN on 2025/02/17.

	==Weblinks==		==Weblinks==
			* Website of the IAU WGSN: https://exopla.net/
	*

	==Reference==		==Reference==
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	*[[References (Medieval and Early Modern)\|References (early modern)]]		*[[References (Medieval and Early Modern)\|References (early modern)]]

	[[Category:Star ~~Name‏‎~~]]		[[Category:Asterism]]
	[[Category:IAU-Star ~~Name‏‎~~]]		[[Category:Star Name]]
			[[Category:IAU-Star Name]]
	[[Category:Eurasia]]		[[Category:Eurasia]]
	[[Category:European]]		[[Category:European]]
	[[Category:Latin]]		[[Category:Latin]]
	[[Category:Boo]]		[[Category:Boo]]

IanRidpath: Correcting minor typos, grammar

2025-02-24T12:44:31Z

Correcting minor typos, grammar

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:44, 24 February 2025
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	[[File:Quadransstellarium.jpg\|alt=Stellarium map with historical map\|thumb\|Lalande's initial image of Quadrans mapped to Stellarium (Susanne M Hoffmann). In this case, the lines of RA,DEC in the historical map are used to anchor the star chart. ]]		[[File:Quadransstellarium.jpg\|alt=Stellarium map with historical map\|thumb\|Lalande's initial image of Quadrans mapped to Stellarium (Susanne M Hoffmann). In this case, the lines of RA,DEC in the historical map are used to anchor the star chart. ]]
	[[File:Quadrans Fortin1795.jpg\|alt=historical map\|thumb\|Fortin's 1795 edition of Flamsteed's celestial atlas in French ~~does~~ displays Quadrans in Draco]]		[[File:Quadrans Fortin1795.jpg\|alt=historical map\|thumb\|Fortin's 1795 edition of Flamsteed's celestial atlas in French displays Quadrans overlapping Draco and Boötes.]]
	Quadrans is the name of the star 44 Boo (i Boo, SIMBAD); it is Latin language. It was named by the IAU in 2025 to ~~resemble~~ the obsolete constellation [[Quadrans Muralis]],<ref>Ian Ridpath, Star Tales Online Edition: [http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/quadrans.html Quadrans Muralis]</ref><ref>Ian Ridpath, Star Tales Online Edition, [http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/quadranslalande.html Lalande's Quadrans]</ref> which is preserved in the name of the ~~Quadrantides~~ meteor shower.		Quadrans is the name of the star 44 Boo (i Boo, SIMBAD); it is Latin language. It was named by the IAU in 2025 to commemorate the obsolete constellation [[Quadrans Muralis]],<ref>Ian Ridpath, Star Tales Online Edition: [http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/quadrans.html Quadrans Muralis]</ref><ref>Ian Ridpath, Star Tales Online Edition, [http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/quadranslalande.html Lalande's Quadrans]</ref> which is preserved in the name of the Quadrantids meteor shower.

	==Etymology and History==		==Etymology and History==
	[[File:Quadrantiden Stellarium2025 starsTo6.5mag.jpg\|alt=Stellarium map with radiant of Quadrantides\|thumb\|~~the~~ radiant of the ~~Quadrantides~~ meteor shower displayed in Stellarium (2025) with stars shown only brighter than 6.5 mag. The star closest to the current radiant marked.]]		[[File:Quadrantiden Stellarium2025 starsTo6.5mag.jpg\|alt=Stellarium map with radiant of Quadrantides\|thumb\|The radiant of the Quadrantids meteor shower displayed in Stellarium (2025) with stars shown only brighter than 6.5 mag. The star closest to the current radiant is marked.]]
	In the late 18th century, the French astronomer Jean-Baptiste Fortin and the German astronomer Johann E. Bode published several translated and updated editions of Flamsteed's Atlas Coelestis. In the last version of the French edition 1795, the reviewer Jérôme Lalande introduced the new constellation "Quadrans Muralis" (Latinized by ~~later~~ Bode) or French "Le Mural", but drew it only one of the two maps ~~were~~ the area is included: <gallery widths="550" heights="295">		In the late 18th century, the French astronomer Jean-Baptiste Fortin and the German astronomer Johann E. Bode published several translated and updated editions of Flamsteed's Atlas Coelestis. In the last version of the French edition 1795, the reviewer Jérôme Lalande introduced the new constellation "Quadrans Muralis" (Latinized later by Bode) or French "Le Mural", but drew it only one of the two maps where the area is included: <gallery widths="550" heights="295">
	File:Quadrans stellarium1795 GIF.gif\|Lalande's Quadrans on Stellarium with the three brightest stars marked; the image is anchored at the RA/DEC-lines, so the stars have a tiny offset (Susanne M Hoffmann 2025).		File:Quadrans stellarium1795 GIF.gif\|Lalande's Quadrans on Stellarium with the three brightest stars marked; the image is anchored at the RA/DEC-lines, so the stars have a tiny offset (Susanne M Hoffmann 2025).
	</gallery>The actual instrument that served as an inspiration for Lalande is still preserved in the Paris Observatory.<ref>Observatoire de Paris, Quart de Cercle Mural, (retrieved 2025), https://cosmos.obspm.fr/index.php/Detail/objects/30229 </ref>		</gallery>The actual instrument that served as an inspiration for Lalande is still preserved in the Paris Observatory.<ref>Observatoire de Paris, Quart de Cercle Mural, (retrieved 2025), https://cosmos.obspm.fr/index.php/Detail/objects/30229 </ref>
Line 29:		Line 29:
	The two brightest stars are notable bright stars in the solar neighbourhood: 44 Boo (d = 13 parsecs) and CL Dra (d = 34 parsecs). 44 Boo is a resolved multiple system. A having V=4.991±0.009 (ASCC-2.5) and its secondary (an unresolved W UMa contact binary) having V=6.002±0.008 (ASCC-2.5). So, considering the brightnesses of the component stars, CL Dra is brighter! (V=4.96 in Hipparcos, V=4.957±0.007 in Mermilliod 1991<ref>DATASET: http://vizier.nao.ac.jp/viz-bin/Cat?II/168</ref><ref>Hauck, B., Nitschelm, C., Mermilliod, M., and Mermilliod, J.-C., “The general catalogue of photometric data.”, ''Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series'', vol. 85, p. 989, 1990. [https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1990A%26AS...85..989H/abstract ADS ABS]</ref><ref>Mermilliod, J.-C. and Mermilliod, M.,''Catalogue of Mean UBV Data on Stars''. 1994.</ref><ref>Mermilliod, J.C. and Mermilliod, M. (2013), ''Catalogue of Mean UBV Data on Stars'', Springer New York ([https://books.google.de/books/about/Catalogue_of_Mean_UBV_Data_on_Stars.html?id=VuDiBwAAQBAJ&redir_esc=y GoogleBooks]) </ref>. However, CL Dra is only inside Bode's constellation area but not in Lalande's original image.		The two brightest stars are notable bright stars in the solar neighbourhood: 44 Boo (d = 13 parsecs) and CL Dra (d = 34 parsecs). 44 Boo is a resolved multiple system. A having V=4.991±0.009 (ASCC-2.5) and its secondary (an unresolved W UMa contact binary) having V=6.002±0.008 (ASCC-2.5). So, considering the brightnesses of the component stars, CL Dra is brighter! (V=4.96 in Hipparcos, V=4.957±0.007 in Mermilliod 1991<ref>DATASET: http://vizier.nao.ac.jp/viz-bin/Cat?II/168</ref><ref>Hauck, B., Nitschelm, C., Mermilliod, M., and Mermilliod, J.-C., “The general catalogue of photometric data.”, ''Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series'', vol. 85, p. 989, 1990. [https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1990A%26AS...85..989H/abstract ADS ABS]</ref><ref>Mermilliod, J.-C. and Mermilliod, M.,''Catalogue of Mean UBV Data on Stars''. 1994.</ref><ref>Mermilliod, J.C. and Mermilliod, M. (2013), ''Catalogue of Mean UBV Data on Stars'', Springer New York ([https://books.google.de/books/about/Catalogue_of_Mean_UBV_Data_on_Stars.html?id=VuDiBwAAQBAJ&redir_esc=y GoogleBooks]) </ref>. However, CL Dra is only inside Bode's constellation area but not in Lalande's original image.

	Note that in 2025 the radiant for the Quadrantid meteor shower is near RA, Dec = 230.2, +49.5 (ICRS, J2000; Jenniskens et al. 2016), which is in ~~Bootes~~ and closer to 44 Boo than CL Dra.<ref>David Harper, L.M. Stockman (2020) SkyEye (Website)https://www.obliquity.com/skyeye/88const/Qua.html</ref>		Note that in 2025 the radiant for the Quadrantid meteor shower is near RA, Dec = 230.2, +49.5 (ICRS, J2000; Jenniskens et al. 2016), which is in Boötes and closer to 44 Boo than CL Dra.<ref>David Harper, L.M. Stockman (2020) SkyEye (Website)https://www.obliquity.com/skyeye/88const/Qua.html</ref>

	=== Confusions on Star Qualities ===		=== Confusions on Star Qualities ===

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:19, 18 November 2025
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			{{distinguish\|Quadrans Muralis}}

	[[File:Quadransstellarium.jpg\|alt=Stellarium map with historical map\|thumb\|Lalande's initial image of Quadrans mapped to Stellarium (Susanne M Hoffmann). In this case, the lines of RA,DEC in the historical map are used to anchor the star chart. ]]		[[File:Quadransstellarium.jpg\|alt=Stellarium map with historical map\|thumb\|Lalande's initial image of Quadrans mapped to Stellarium (Susanne M Hoffmann). In this case, the lines of RA,DEC in the historical map are used to anchor the star chart. ]]
	[[File:Quadrans Fortin1795.jpg\|alt=historical map\|thumb\|Fortin's 1795 edition of Flamsteed's celestial atlas in French displays Quadrans overlapping Draco and Boötes.]]		[[File:Quadrans Fortin1795.jpg\|alt=historical map\|thumb\|Fortin's 1795 edition of Flamsteed's celestial atlas in French displays Quadrans overlapping Draco and Boötes.]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:04, 22 February 2026
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	[[File:Quadrans stickfigure SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|thumb\|Quadrans stickfigure (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour and Susanne M Hoffmann for IAU-WGSN).]]		[[File:Quadrans stickfigure SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|thumb\|Quadrans stickfigure (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour and Susanne M Hoffmann for IAU-WGSN).]]

	Quadrans is the name of the star 44 Boo (i Boo, GJ 575); it is Latin ~~language~~. It was named by the IAU in 2025 to commemorate the obsolete constellation [[Quadrans Muralis]],<ref>Ian Ridpath, Star Tales Online Edition: [http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/quadrans.html Quadrans Muralis]</ref><ref>Ian Ridpath, Star Tales Online Edition, [http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/quadranslalande.html Lalande's Quadrans]</ref> which is preserved in the name of the ~~Quadrantids~~ meteor shower.		Quadrans is the name of the star 44 Boo (i Boo, GJ 575); the language is Latin. It was named by the IAU in 2025 to commemorate the obsolete constellation [[Quadrans Muralis]],<ref>Ian Ridpath, Star Tales Online Edition: [http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/quadrans.html Quadrans Muralis]</ref><ref>Ian Ridpath, Star Tales Online Edition, [http://www.ianridpath.com/startales/quadranslalande.html Lalande's Quadrans]</ref> which is preserved in the name of the Quadrantid meteor shower.

	==Etymology and History==		==Etymology and History==
	[[File:Quadrantiden Stellarium2025 starsTo6.5mag.jpg\|alt=Stellarium map with radiant of Quadrantides\|thumb\|The radiant of the ~~Quadrantids~~ meteor shower displayed in Stellarium (2025) with stars shown only brighter than 6.5 mag. The star closest to the current radiant is marked.]]		[[File:Quadrantiden Stellarium2025 starsTo6.5mag.jpg\|alt=Stellarium map with radiant of Quadrantides\|thumb\|The radiant of the Quadrantid meteor shower displayed in Stellarium (2025) with stars shown only brighter than 6.5 mag. The star closest to the current radiant is marked.]]
	In the late 18th century, the French astronomer Jean-Baptiste Fortin and the German astronomer Johann E. Bode published several translated and updated editions of Flamsteed's Atlas Coelestis. In the last version of the French edition 1795, the reviewer Jérôme Lalande introduced the new constellation "Quadrans Muralis" (Latinized later by Bode) or French "Le Mural", but drew it only one of the two maps where the area is included: see [[Quadrans Muralis]]. <gallery widths="550" heights="295">		In the late 18th century, the French astronomer Jean-Baptiste Fortin and the German astronomer Johann E. Bode published several translated and updated editions of Flamsteed's Atlas Coelestis. In the last version of the French edition 1795, the reviewer Jérôme Lalande introduced the new constellation "Quadrans Muralis" (Latinized later by Bode) or French "Le Mural", but drew it only one of the two maps where the area is included: see [[Quadrans Muralis]]. <gallery widths="550" heights="295">
	File:Quadrans stellarium1795 GIF.gif\|Lalande's Quadrans on Stellarium with the three brightest stars marked; the image is anchored at the RA/DEC-lines, so the stars have a tiny offset (Susanne M Hoffmann 2025).		File:Quadrans stellarium1795 GIF.gif\|Lalande's Quadrans on Stellarium with the three brightest stars marked; the image is anchored at the RA/DEC-lines, so the stars have a tiny offset (Susanne M Hoffmann 2025).
Line 38:		Line 38:

	==== Confusions on Star Qualities ====		==== Confusions on Star Qualities ====
	For '''CL Dra''', [https://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=CL+Dra&NbIdent=1&Radius=2&Radius.unit=arcmin&submit=submit+id SIMBAD] gives a wrong magnitude; [https://www.aavso.org/vsx/index.php?view=detail.top&oid=13784 VSX] registers it with 4.95±0.02 mag and as "~~delta~~ Scuti"-type variable but this class has become obsolete as the variability is so small.		For '''CL Dra''', [https://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=CL+Dra&NbIdent=1&Radius=2&Radius.unit=arcmin&submit=submit+id SIMBAD] gives a wrong magnitude; [https://www.aavso.org/vsx/index.php?view=detail.top&oid=13784 VSX] registers it with 4.95±0.02 mag and as "Delta Scuti"-type variable but this class has become obsolete as the variability is so small.

	For '''44 Boo''', [https://simbad.cds.unistra.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=44+Boo&submit=SIMBAD+search SIMBAD] lists two components:		For '''44 Boo''', [https://simbad.cds.unistra.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=44+Boo&submit=SIMBAD+search SIMBAD] lists two components:
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	* B, an unresolved W UMa contact binary, with V=6.002+-0.008 (ASCC-2.5)		* B, an unresolved W UMa contact binary, with V=6.002+-0.008 (ASCC-2.5)

	For A, it displays the "note": "Not recovered in Gaia DR3 (see [https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR?-source=I/350/gaiaedr3 I/350/gaiaedr3])". Some of the very brightest stars do not appear in Gaia DR3 (~~alpha~~ Cen A and B are great examples). 44 Boo is a bit of an unusual triple system (at least)<ref>WDS Notes https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR?-6N&-out.form=H0&//*&-source%3DB/wds/notes&WDS%3D%3D%3D15038%2b4739</ref> as both components seem to be binaries: A seems to be a spectroscopic binary, the B component is a W UMa system<ref>Hill, G., Fisher, W. A. and Holmgren, D. (1989). Studies of Late Type binaries I. The physical parameters of 44i Bootis ABC, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 221, 81-98. [https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1989A%26A...211...81H/abstract ADS ABS]</ref> (perhaps the nearest contact binary to the Sun) with known RV orbit<ref>Lu, Wenxian ; Rucinski, Slavek M. ; Ogłoza, Waldemar (2001). Radial Velocity Studies of Close Binary Stars. IV. The Astronomical Journal, 122, 1, 402-412. [https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001AJ....122..402L/abstract ADS ABS]</ref> and more recent analysis including TESS data<ref>R.H. Nelson (2023), 44 Boo – A unified integrated light curve analysis, New Astronomy, 98, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.newast.2022.101901</nowiki> [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1384107622000926 SCIENCE-DIRECT]</ref>. ~~0It~~ appears that Gaia DR2 successfully split the bright pair A and B and provided two entries, but Gaia DR3 barfed on A (no entry) and only provided information on the B.		For A, it displays the "note": "Not recovered in Gaia DR3 (see [https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR?-source=I/350/gaiaedr3 I/350/gaiaedr3])". Some of the very brightest stars do not appear in Gaia DR3 (Alpha Cen A and B are great examples). 44 Boo is a bit of an unusual triple system (at least)<ref>WDS Notes https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR?-6N&-out.form=H0&//*&-source%3DB/wds/notes&WDS%3D%3D%3D15038%2b4739</ref> as both components seem to be binaries: A seems to be a spectroscopic binary, the B component is a W UMa system<ref>Hill, G., Fisher, W. A. and Holmgren, D. (1989). Studies of Late Type binaries I. The physical parameters of 44i Bootis ABC, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 221, 81-98. [https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1989A%26A...211...81H/abstract ADS ABS]</ref> (perhaps the nearest contact binary to the Sun) with known RV orbit<ref>Lu, Wenxian ; Rucinski, Slavek M. ; Ogłoza, Waldemar (2001). Radial Velocity Studies of Close Binary Stars. IV. The Astronomical Journal, 122, 1, 402-412. [https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001AJ....122..402L/abstract ADS ABS]</ref> and more recent analysis including TESS data<ref>R.H. Nelson (2023), 44 Boo – A unified integrated light curve analysis, New Astronomy, 98, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.newast.2022.101901</nowiki> [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1384107622000926 SCIENCE-DIRECT]</ref>. It appears that Gaia DR2 successfully split the bright pair A and B and provided two entries, but Gaia DR3 barfed on A (no entry) and only provided information on the B.

	Kirkpatrick+2024 has a long note on the confusion in the literature about which component is the contact binary: <blockquote>"Component A is an SB1 (Duquennoy1991) but this is an SB1 due to the orbital motion of A around Ba-Bb (and it's not an SB2 because Ba-Bb is outside the slit). Component B is an EB (Samus2017). There appears to be a typo in Table 2 of Duquennoy1991 stating that it's the Aa-Ab system that has a 0.2678-day orbit period, but this is the value for Ba-Bb. Their own note to this table makes it clear that the system is only a triple. Nonetheless, this mistake seems to have propagated to Abt2006 and then to the WDS Notes. Soderhjelm1999 gives a total mass of 2.70±0.16 M_Sun. We use the measured/estimate spectral types to estimate individual types. Our total estimated mass of 2.61 M<sub>Sun</sub> compares well to the Soderhjelm1999 total dynamical mass of 2.70 M<sub>sun</sub> but less well to the Malkov2012 total dynamical mass of 2.190 M<sub>sun</sub>."</blockquote>		Kirkpatrick+2024 has a long note on the confusion in the literature about which component is the contact binary: <blockquote>"Component A is an SB1 (Duquennoy1991) but this is an SB1 due to the orbital motion of A around Ba-Bb (and it's not an SB2 because Ba-Bb is outside the slit). Component B is an EB (Samus2017). There appears to be a typo in Table 2 of Duquennoy1991 stating that it is the Aa-Ab system that has a 0.2678-day orbit period, but this is the value for Ba-Bb. Their own note to this table makes it clear that the system is only a triple. Nonetheless, this mistake seems to have propagated to Abt2006 and then to the WDS Notes. Soderhjelm1999 gives a total mass of 2.70±0.16 M_Sun. We use the measured/estimate spectral types to estimate individual types. Our total estimated mass of 2.61 M<sub>Sun</sub> compares well to the Soderhjelm1999 total dynamical mass of 2.70 M<sub>sun</sub> but less well to the Malkov2012 total dynamical mass of 2.190 M<sub>sun</sub>."</blockquote>

	==Mythology==		==Mythology==
	no mythology		There is no mythology attached to the constellations

	==IAU Working Group Star Names==		==IAU Working Group Star Names==