Rangifer - Revision history

YoulaAzkarrula at 03:26, 29 May 2026

2026-05-29T03:26:29Z

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	*[[References (Medieval and Early Modern)\|References (medieval)]]		*[[References (Medieval and Early Modern)\|References (medieval)]]

	[[Category:Eurasia]]		[[Category:Eurasia]] [[Category:Asterism]]
	[[Category:Constellation]]		[[Category:Constellation]]
	[[Category:Eurasia]]		[[Category:Eurasia]]

IanRidpath: /* Origin of Constellation */ Corrected my error (removed accent)

2026-04-22T07:11:54Z

Origin of Constellation: Corrected my error (removed accent)

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	=== Origin of Constellation ===		=== Origin of Constellation ===
	Ridpath<ref name=":0" /> elaborates: <blockquote>A faint, far-northern constellation introduced in 1743 on a star chart published by the Frenchman Pierre-Charles Le Monnier (1715–99) in his book ''La Théorie des Comètes''. The chart showed the track of the comet of 1742 through the north polar region of the sky and Le Monnier was inspired to place a new constellation representing a reindeer on the comet’s course, close to the north celestial pole between [[Cepheus]] and [[Camelopardalis]]. Le Monnier chose a reindeer as a reminder of his trip to Lapland in 1736–37 with the expedition of Pierre Louis de Maupertuis to measure the length of a degree of latitude in the far north. (The Sami people of northern Scandinavia also visualized a reindeer called [[Sarvvis]], or Sarva, among the stars, but theirs was much bigger, incorporating Auriga, [[Perseus]], [[Cassiopeia]], and [[Cepheus]].)</blockquote><blockquote>The same chart was republished in 1746 in Le Monnier’s book Institutions astronomiques but with no further explanation of the new constellation that appeared on it. Le Monnier seems never to have published a list of its stars, but Bode in his catalogue ''Allgemeine Beschreibung und Nachweisung der Gestirne'' of 1801 assigned it 46 stars of 5th to 7th magnitude plus one deep-sky object, the galaxy NGC 1184. Most of these are now within the borders of northern Cepheus.</blockquote><blockquote>On Le Monnier’s chart the constellation was named ‘''le ~~Réene~~''’, a spelling that was adopted by his fellow Frenchman Jean Fortin in his ''Atlas Céleste'' of 1776 (with the addition of an accent over the first letter ''e'': Réene). However, the name should more accurately have been ‘le Renne’, and Fortin changed it on his revised edition of 1795. Bode Latinized it as Rangifer on his ''Uranographia'' of 1801. An alternative name found on some maps was Tarandus from the reindeer’s scientific name, Rangifer tarandus. </blockquote>As summarized by Ridpath and Barentine, the constellation of the reindeer appeared by several names during its life during the 18th and 19th centuries: "''Le Reene''" (in Le Monnier 1743), "''le Réene''" (Le Monnier 1746, Fortin 1776), "''le Renne''" (Fortin 1795), "''Rennthier''" (Bode 1876), "''Rangifer''" (Latin name, Bode 1801 Uranographia), "''Tarandus''" (Urania's Mirror 1825, Chambers 1877).		Ridpath<ref name=":0" /> elaborates: <blockquote>A faint, far-northern constellation introduced in 1743 on a star chart published by the Frenchman Pierre-Charles Le Monnier (1715–99) in his book ''La Théorie des Comètes''. The chart showed the track of the comet of 1742 through the north polar region of the sky and Le Monnier was inspired to place a new constellation representing a reindeer on the comet’s course, close to the north celestial pole between [[Cepheus]] and [[Camelopardalis]]. Le Monnier chose a reindeer as a reminder of his trip to Lapland in 1736–37 with the expedition of Pierre Louis de Maupertuis to measure the length of a degree of latitude in the far north. (The Sami people of northern Scandinavia also visualized a reindeer called [[Sarvvis]], or Sarva, among the stars, but theirs was much bigger, incorporating Auriga, [[Perseus]], [[Cassiopeia]], and [[Cepheus]].)</blockquote><blockquote>The same chart was republished in 1746 in Le Monnier’s book ''Institutions astronomiques'' but with no further explanation of the new constellation that appeared on it. Le Monnier seems never to have published a list of its stars, but Bode in his catalogue ''Allgemeine Beschreibung und Nachweisung der Gestirne'' of 1801 assigned it 46 stars of 5th to 7th magnitude plus one deep-sky object, the galaxy NGC 1184. Most of these are now within the borders of northern Cepheus.</blockquote><blockquote>On Le Monnier’s chart the constellation was named ‘''le Reene''’, a spelling that was adopted by his fellow Frenchman Jean Fortin in his ''Atlas Céleste'' of 1776 (with the addition of an accent over the first letter ''e'': Réene). However, the name should more accurately have been ‘le Renne’, and Fortin changed it on his revised edition of 1795. Bode Latinized it as Rangifer on his ''Uranographia'' of 1801. An alternative name found on some maps was Tarandus from the reindeer’s scientific name, Rangifer tarandus. </blockquote>As summarized by Ridpath and Barentine, the constellation of the reindeer appeared by several names during its life during the 18th and 19th centuries: "''Le Reene''" (in Le Monnier 1743), "''le Réene''" (Le Monnier 1746, Fortin 1776), "''le Renne''" (Fortin 1795), "''Rennthier''" (Bode 1876), "''Rangifer''" (Latin name, Bode 1801 Uranographia), "''Tarandus''" (Urania's Mirror 1825, Chambers 1877).

	Carl Linnaeus (1758) dubbed the reindeer species of the Eurasian tundra "''cervus tarandus''", and Charles Hamilton Smith (1827) introduced the genus name ''Rangifer.'' Species and subspecies of ''Rangifer'' are called reindeer in Eurasia and caribou in North America. In a recent review by Lee Harding (2022, ZooKeys (1119): 117–151), 18 species or subspecies are now recognized in North America and 31 in Europe and Asia. "Reindeer" may have its origin from the Old Norse ''hreindýri.''		Carl Linnaeus (1758) dubbed the reindeer species of the Eurasian tundra "''cervus tarandus''", and Charles Hamilton Smith (1827) introduced the genus name ''Rangifer.'' Species and subspecies of ''Rangifer'' are called reindeer in Eurasia and caribou in North America. In a recent review by Lee Harding (2022, ZooKeys (1119): 117–151), 18 species or subspecies are now recognized in North America and 31 in Europe and Asia. "Reindeer" may have its origin from the Old Norse ''hreindýri.''
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	\|7.9		\|7.9
	\|}		\|}

	===Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation===		===Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation===
	<gallery>		<gallery>

Sushoff at 16:01, 20 January 2026

2026-01-20T16:01:09Z

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			Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
			----
	[[File:Reindeer LeMonnier1743 hi.png\|thumb\|Reindeer in Le Monnier (1743), see also: [https://www.e-rara.ch/zut/content/zoom/694976 rara Zurich]]]		[[File:Reindeer LeMonnier1743 hi.png\|thumb\|Reindeer in Le Monnier (1743), see also: [https://www.e-rara.ch/zut/content/zoom/694976 rara Zurich]]]
	[[File:Rangifer profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|thumb\|Rangifer profile card (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).]]		[[File:Rangifer profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|thumb\|Rangifer profile card (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).]]

Sushoff at 21:39, 29 December 2025

2025-12-29T21:39:43Z

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	[[File:Reindeer LeMonnier1743 hi.png\|thumb\|Reindeer in Le Monnier (1743), see also: [https://www.e-rara.ch/zut/content/zoom/694976 rara Zurich]]]		[[File:Reindeer LeMonnier1743 hi.png\|thumb\|Reindeer in Le Monnier (1743), see also: [https://www.e-rara.ch/zut/content/zoom/694976 rara Zurich]]]
	[[File:Rangifer profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|thumb\|Rangifer profile card (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).]]		[[File:Rangifer profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|thumb\|Rangifer profile card (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).]]
	''Rangifer'', the Reindeer, is an extinct constellation first introduced by Pierre-Charles Le Monnier in 1743 in the book ''La Théorie des Comètes''.		''Rangifer'', the Reindeer, is an extinct constellation first introduced by Pierre-Charles Le Monnier in 1743 in the book ''La Théorie des Comètes''.

	Rangifer is also a modern IAU-star name, adopted in December 2025.		Rangifer is also a modern IAU-star name, adopted in December 2025.
	==Concordance, Etymology, History==		==Concordance, Etymology, History==

Sushoff: /* IAU Working Group Star Names */

2025-12-29T21:29:59Z

IAU Working Group Star Names

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:29, 29 December 2025
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	== IAU Working Group Star Names ==		== IAU Working Group Star Names ==
	The name Rangifer was proposed for a star in the area of the traditional constellation in 2023. After reviewing the literature and deliberation, WGSN adopted for the name for 49 Cas for the Catalog of Star Names on 25 December 2025.<gallery>		The name Rangifer was proposed for a star in the area of the traditional constellation in 2023. After reviewing the literature and deliberation, WGSN adopted for the name for 49 Cas for the Catalog of Star Names on 25 December 2025.

			This name was released with three other "reindeer": the name Latinised name variant "[[Tarandus]]" and the Indigenous Sami constellation names upon which these early modern academic names were based: [[Sarvvis]] and [[Aldu\|Aldu.]]<gallery>
	File:Rangifer profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Rangifer profile card (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).		File:Rangifer profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Rangifer profile card (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).
	File:Rangifer stickfigure SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Rangifer stick figure (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).		File:Rangifer stickfigure SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Rangifer stick figure (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).

Sushoff: /* IAU Working Group Star Names */

2025-12-29T21:27:48Z

IAU Working Group Star Names

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:27, 29 December 2025
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	== IAU Working Group Star Names ==		== IAU Working Group Star Names ==
	The name Rangifer was proposed for a star in the area of the traditional constellation in 2023. After reviewing the literature and deliberation, WGSN adopted for the name for 49 Cas for the Catalog of Star Names on 25 December 2025.<gallery>		The name Rangifer was proposed for a star in the area of the traditional constellation in 2023. After reviewing the literature and deliberation, WGSN adopted for the name for 49 Cas for the Catalog of Star Names on 25 December 2025.<gallery>
			File:Rangifer profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Rangifer profile card (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).
			File:Rangifer stickfigure SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Rangifer stick figure (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).
	File:Tarandus profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Tarandus profile card (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).		File:Tarandus profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Tarandus profile card (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).
	File:Tarandus stickfigure SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Tarandus stick figure (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).		File:Tarandus stickfigure SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Tarandus stick figure (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).
	~~File:Rangifer profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Rangifer profile card (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).~~
	~~File:Rangifer stickfigure SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Rangifer stick figure (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).~~
	File:Sarvvis profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Sarvvis profile card (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).		File:Sarvvis profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Sarvvis profile card (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).
	File:Sarvvis stickfigure SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Sarvvis stick figure (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).		File:Sarvvis stickfigure SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Sarvvis stick figure (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).

Sushoff at 21:27, 29 December 2025

2025-12-29T21:27:28Z

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	== IAU Working Group Star Names ==		== IAU Working Group Star Names ==
	The name Rangifer was proposed for a star in the area of the traditional constellation in 2023. After reviewing the literature and deliberation, WGSN adopted for the name for 49 Cas for the Catalog of Star Names on 25 December 2025.<gallery>		The name Rangifer was proposed for a star in the area of the traditional constellation in 2023. After reviewing the literature and deliberation, WGSN adopted for the name for 49 Cas for the Catalog of Star Names on 25 December 2025.<gallery>
			File:Tarandus profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Tarandus profile card (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).
			File:Tarandus stickfigure SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Tarandus stick figure (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).
	File:Rangifer profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Rangifer profile card (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).		File:Rangifer profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Rangifer profile card (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).
	File:Rangifer stickfigure SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Rangifer stick figure (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).		File:Rangifer stickfigure SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Rangifer stick figure (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).
			File:Sarvvis profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Sarvvis profile card (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).
			File:Sarvvis stickfigure SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Sarvvis stick figure (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).
			File:Aldu profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Aldu profile card (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).
			File:Aldu stickfigure SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Aldu stick figure (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).
	</gallery>		</gallery>

Sushoff at 21:21, 29 December 2025

2025-12-29T21:21:13Z

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	====Stars within the Constellation Area====		====Stars within the Constellation Area====
			[[File:Rangifer stickfigure SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|thumb\|Rangifer stick figure (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN)..]]
	The stick figure for this list was created with with map in Bode (1801) Uranographia. The original map by Le Monnier (1743) drew the Reindeer in a different way, as it did not have a constellation of Custos Messium. Le Monnier's original map includes the bright star 2 UMi which is brighter than the brighest star in this list:		The stick figure for this list was created with with map in Bode (1801) Uranographia. The original map by Le Monnier (1743) drew the Reindeer in a different way, as it did not have a constellation of Custos Messium. Le Monnier's original map includes the bright star 2 UMi which is brighter than the brighest star in this list:
	{\| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"		{\| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"

Sushoff: /* Stars inside the Constellation Area */

2025-12-29T21:14:35Z

Stars inside the Constellation Area

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:14, 29 December 2025
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	[[File:Reindeer LeMonnier1743 hi.png\|thumb\|Reindeer in Le Monnier (1743), see also: [https://www.e-rara.ch/zut/content/zoom/694976 rara Zurich]]]		[[File:Reindeer LeMonnier1743 hi.png\|thumb\|Reindeer in Le Monnier (1743), see also: [https://www.e-rara.ch/zut/content/zoom/694976 rara Zurich]]]
			[[File:Rangifer profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|thumb\|Rangifer profile card (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).]]
	''Rangifer'', the Reindeer, is an extinct constellation first introduced by Pierre-Charles Le Monnier in 1743 in the book ''La Théorie des Comètes''.		''Rangifer'', the Reindeer, is an extinct constellation first introduced by Pierre-Charles Le Monnier in 1743 in the book ''La Théorie des Comètes''.
			Rangifer is also a modern IAU-star name, adopted in December 2025.
	==Concordance, Etymology, History==		==Concordance, Etymology, History==
	[[File:Elk Sami stellarium.jpg\|thumb\|Sarva, The Elk, in Sami uranography (Stellarium).]]		[[File:Elk Sami stellarium.jpg\|thumb\|Sarva, The Elk, in Sami uranography (Stellarium).]]
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	Rangifer was comprised of very faint stars, indeed Bode's (1801) catalog, ''Allgemeine Beschreibung und Nachweisung der Gestirne'' listed 47 stars in the constellation, most of which were magnitudes 6 and 7, and only one of 5th magnitude.		Rangifer was comprised of very faint stars, indeed Bode's (1801) catalog, ''Allgemeine Beschreibung und Nachweisung der Gestirne'' listed 47 stars in the constellation, most of which were magnitudes 6 and 7, and only one of 5th magnitude.

	==== Stars ~~inside the Constellation Area~~ ====		==== Some Bright Stars ====
	Barentine (2016, Fig. 8.20) overlays the Urania's Mirror version of the constellation over a modern star map. It appears that the brightest stars in Rangifer were the following:		Barentine (2016, Fig. 8.20) overlays the Urania's Mirror version of the constellation over a modern star map. It appears that the brightest stars in Rangifer were the following:
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
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	==Mythology==		==Mythology==

			== IAU Working Group Star Names ==
			The name Rangifer was proposed for a star in the area of the traditional constellation in 2023. After reviewing the literature and deliberation, WGSN adopted for the name for 49 Cas for the Catalog of Star Names on 25 December 2025.<gallery>
			File:Rangifer profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Rangifer profile card (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).
			File:Rangifer stickfigure SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Rangifer stick figure (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).
			</gallery>

	==Weblinks==		==Weblinks==

Sushoff at 09:28, 29 December 2025

2025-12-29T09:28:34Z

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	[[Category:European]]		[[Category:European]]
	[[Category:Modern]]		[[Category:Modern]]
			[[Category:IAU-Star Name]]
	[[Category:Cep]][[Category:Cas]]		[[Category:Cep]][[Category:Cas]]

	<references />		<references />

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:27, 29 December 2025
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	== IAU Working Group Star Names ==		== IAU Working Group Star Names ==
	The name Rangifer was proposed for a star in the area of the traditional constellation in 2023. After reviewing the literature and deliberation, WGSN adopted for the name for 49 Cas for the Catalog of Star Names on 25 December 2025.<gallery>		The name Rangifer was proposed for a star in the area of the traditional constellation in 2023. After reviewing the literature and deliberation, WGSN adopted for the name for 49 Cas for the Catalog of Star Names on 25 December 2025.<gallery>
			File:Rangifer profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Rangifer profile card (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).
			File:Rangifer stickfigure SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Rangifer stick figure (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).
	File:Tarandus profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Tarandus profile card (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).		File:Tarandus profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Tarandus profile card (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).
	File:Tarandus stickfigure SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Tarandus stick figure (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).		File:Tarandus stickfigure SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Tarandus stick figure (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).
	~~File:Rangifer profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Rangifer profile card (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).~~
	~~File:Rangifer stickfigure SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Rangifer stick figure (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).~~
	File:Sarvvis profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Sarvvis profile card (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).		File:Sarvvis profileCard SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Sarvvis profile card (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).
	File:Sarvvis stickfigure SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Sarvvis stick figure (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).		File:Sarvvis stickfigure SadeghFaghanpour-IAU-WGSN.jpg\|Sarvvis stick figure (CC BY Sadegh Faghanpour for IAU-WGSN).