Sangkal Tikel - Revision history

YoulaAzkarrula: /* References */

2026-03-04T11:10:04Z

References

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	=== Numerology (Neptu/Urip) ===		=== Numerology (Neptu/Urip) ===
	Wraspati (Thursday, in saptawara) has a value of 8 and Umanis (in pancawara) has a value of 5. Thus, the total urip on this lintang is 13.<ref name=":0">Tim Kajian Palelintangan, “Gabungan Kajian Palelintangan,” Museum Bali (2021), 1-149.</ref>		Wraspati (Thursday, in saptawara) has a value of 8 and Umanis (in pancawara) has a value of 5. Thus, the total urip on this lintang is 13.<ref name=":0">Palelintangan Museum Study Team (Tim Kajian Palelintangan Museum), “Gabungan Kajian Palelintangan,” Museum Bali (2021), 1-149.</ref>

	=== Astrological Characteristics ===		=== Astrological Characteristics ===

YoulaAzkarrula: /* Identification */

2026-02-05T12:42:22Z

Identification

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:42, 5 February 2026
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	==== Identification ====		==== Identification ====
	The identifications, Maaß (1929) gives according to the aforementioned and his own studies during visits of the country and in European and Batavian libraries (p.150).<ref name=":1" />		The identifications, Maaß (1929) gives according to the aforementioned and his own studies during visits of the country and in European and Batavian libraries (p.150).<ref name=":1" />
			[[File:Screenshot 2026-02-05 130538.png\|center\|thumb\|800x800px\|Sangkal Tikel in the identification table by Maaß (1929). He mentioned this lintang is related to Mula constellation from Naksatra. There are also the star list of scorpionis.]]


	Maaß (1929) p. 140: <blockquote>"sangkal tikel, gebrochener Hobel; - sangal tikel; - ein Mann, dem beim Fällen eines Baumes der Stiel seines Beiles bricht."</blockquote>'''English''': sangkal tikel, broken plane; - sangal tikel; - a man whose axe handle breaks while felling a tree.		Maaß (1929) p. 140: <blockquote>"sangkal tikel, gebrochener Hobel; - sangal tikel; - ein Mann, dem beim Fällen eines Baumes der Stiel seines Beiles bricht."</blockquote>'''English''': sangkal tikel, broken plane; - sangal tikel; - a man whose axe handle breaks while felling a tree.

YoulaAzkarrula: /* References */

2026-02-05T12:39:12Z

References

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:39, 5 February 2026
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	[[File:Sangkal Tikel.png\|thumb\|Lintang Sangkal Tikel in lontar Prasi Palelintangan (CC-BY Alfred Maaß, (1929), Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen)]]		[[File:Sangkal Tikel.png\|thumb\|Lintang Sangkal Tikel in lontar Prasi Palelintangan (CC-BY Alfred Maaß, (1929), Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen)]]
	[[File:Stellarium-20251010-212708335.png\|thumb\|Balinese constellation: Sangkal Tikěl (a broken hoe), re-drawn by Jessica Gullberg for the planetarium software Stellarium (CC-BY Youla Azkarrula & Jessica Gullberg)]]		[[File:Stellarium-20251010-212708335.png\|thumb\|Balinese constellation: Sangkal Tikěl (a broken hoe), re-drawn by Jessica Gullberg for the planetarium software Stellarium (CC-BY Youla Azkarrula & Jessica Gullberg)]]
	Sangkal Tikěl is an Oceanic name from Bali (Indonesia). The lintang of sangkal tikěl is found in intersection of Wraspati (Thursday, in saptawara) and Umanis (in pancawara) in a series of palelintangan. Lintang sangkal tikěl means a broken hoe constellation.<ref>Maass, Alfred, “Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen,” in Koninklijk Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen, Feestbundel bij gelegenheid van zijn 150 jarig bestaan 1778-1928, 2 vols. (Weltevreden, 1929), Vol. 2, 126-157.</ref>		Sangkal Tikěl is an Oceanic name from Bali (Indonesia). The lintang of sangkal tikěl is found in intersection of Wraspati (Thursday, in saptawara) and Umanis (in pancawara) in a series of palelintangan. Lintang sangkal tikěl means a broken hoe constellation.<ref name=":1">Maass, Alfred, “Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen,” in Koninklijk Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen, Feestbundel bij gelegenheid van zijn 150 jarig bestaan 1778-1928, 2 vols. (Weltevreden, 1929), Vol. 2, 126-157.</ref>

	==Etymology and History==		==Etymology and History==
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	==== Identification ====		==== Identification ====
	The identifications, Maaß (1929) gives according to the aforementioned and his own studies during visits of the country and in European and Batavian libraries (p.150).<ref name=":1" />		The identifications, Maaß (1929) gives according to the aforementioned and his own studies during visits of the country and in European and Batavian libraries (p.150).<ref name=":1" />



	Maaß (1929) p. 140: <blockquote>"sangkal tikel, gebrochener Hobel; - sangal tikel; - ein Mann, dem beim Fällen eines Baumes der Stiel seines Beiles bricht."</blockquote>'''English''': sangkal tikel, broken plane; - sangal tikel; - a man whose axe handle breaks while felling a tree.		Maaß (1929) p. 140: <blockquote>"sangkal tikel, gebrochener Hobel; - sangal tikel; - ein Mann, dem beim Fällen eines Baumes der Stiel seines Beiles bricht."</blockquote>'''English''': sangkal tikel, broken plane; - sangal tikel; - a man whose axe handle breaks while felling a tree.
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	\|}		\|}

			== IAU Working Group on Star Names ==
			In November 2025, it has been proposed to use the name "Sangkatikel" for a star in the area to preserve the Balinese heritage. The star kap Sco or HIP 86670 is in the axe tip. Constellation Bade is mentioned in Palelintangan Prasi, dating roughly 700 CE, and is still used in Bali.
	== References ==		== References ==

YoulaAzkarrula at 15:46, 4 February 2026

2026-02-04T15:46:33Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:46, 4 February 2026
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	Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}		Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
	----		----
			[[File:LintangSATI.jpg\|thumb\|Lintang Sangkal Tikel in the cloth (CC-BY UPTD Museum Bali Inventary no. 09.746)]]
	[[File:Sangkal Tikel.png\|thumb\|Lintang Sangkal Tikel in lontar Prasi Palelintangan (CC-BY Alfred Maaß, (1929), Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen)]]		[[File:Sangkal Tikel.png\|thumb\|Lintang Sangkal Tikel in lontar Prasi Palelintangan (CC-BY Alfred Maaß, (1929), Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen)]]
	[[File:Stellarium-20251010-212708335.png\|thumb\|Balinese constellation: Sangkal Tikěl (a broken hoe), re-drawn by Jessica Gullberg for the planetarium software Stellarium (CC-BY Youla Azkarrula & Jessica Gullberg)]]		[[File:Stellarium-20251010-212708335.png\|thumb\|Balinese constellation: Sangkal Tikěl (a broken hoe), re-drawn by Jessica Gullberg for the planetarium software Stellarium (CC-BY Youla Azkarrula & Jessica Gullberg)]]

YoulaAzkarrula: /* Image Variants */

2026-01-29T23:24:29Z

Image Variants

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:24, 29 January 2026
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	Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}		Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
	----		----
			[[File:Sangkal Tikel.png\|thumb\|Lintang Sangkal Tikel in lontar Prasi Palelintangan (CC-BY Alfred Maaß, (1929), Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen)]]
	[[File:Stellarium-20251010-212708335.png\|thumb\|Balinese constellation: Sangkal Tikěl (a broken hoe), re-drawn by Jessica Gullberg for the planetarium software Stellarium (CC-BY Youla Azkarrula & Jessica Gullberg)]]		[[File:Stellarium-20251010-212708335.png\|thumb\|Balinese constellation: Sangkal Tikěl (a broken hoe), re-drawn by Jessica Gullberg for the planetarium software Stellarium (CC-BY Youla Azkarrula & Jessica Gullberg)]]
	Sangkal Tikěl is an Oceanic name from Bali (Indonesia). The lintang of sangkal tikěl is found in intersection of Wraspati (Thursday, in saptawara) and Umanis (in pancawara) in a series of palelintangan. Lintang sangkal tikěl means a broken hoe constellation.<ref>Maass, Alfred, “Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen,” in Koninklijk Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen, Feestbundel bij gelegenheid van zijn 150 jarig bestaan 1778-1928, 2 vols. (Weltevreden, 1929), Vol. 2, 126-157.</ref>		Sangkal Tikěl is an Oceanic name from Bali (Indonesia). The lintang of sangkal tikěl is found in intersection of Wraspati (Thursday, in saptawara) and Umanis (in pancawara) in a series of palelintangan. Lintang sangkal tikěl means a broken hoe constellation.<ref>Maass, Alfred, “Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen,” in Koninklijk Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen, Feestbundel bij gelegenheid van zijn 150 jarig bestaan 1778-1928, 2 vols. (Weltevreden, 1929), Vol. 2, 126-157.</ref>
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	<gallery>		<gallery>
	File:Sangkal Tikel.png\|Lintang Sangkal Tikel (CC-BY Alfred Maaß, (1929), Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen)		File:Sangkal Tikel.png\|Lintang Sangkal Tikel (CC-BY Alfred Maaß, (1929), Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen)
	File:Lintang Sangkal Tikel.~~png~~\|Lintang Sangkal Tikel in the cloth (CC-BY UPTD Museum Bali)		File:LinSANGKALTIKEL.jpg\|Lintang Sangkal Tikel in the cloth (CC-BY UPTD Museum Bali Inventary no. 09.746)
			File:LintangSATI.jpg\|Lintang Sangkal Tikel in the cloth (CC-BY UPTD Museum Bali Inventary no. 09.752)
	File:Lintang Sangkalatikel.jpg\|Lintang Sangkalatikel (CC-BY Youla Azkarrula taken in the ceiling of Taman Gili Klungkung Palace Bali)		File:Lintang Sangkalatikel.jpg\|Lintang Sangkalatikel (CC-BY Youla Azkarrula taken in the ceiling of Taman Gili Klungkung Palace Bali)
	</gallery>		</gallery>

Sushoff: /* Identification */

2026-01-29T15:37:33Z

Identification

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:37, 29 January 2026
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	The identifications, Maaß (1929) gives according to the aforementioned and his own studies during visits of the country and in European and Batavian libraries (p.150).<ref name=":1" />		The identifications, Maaß (1929) gives according to the aforementioned and his own studies during visits of the country and in European and Batavian libraries (p.150).<ref name=":1" />

	Maaß (1929) p. 40: <blockquote>"sangkal tikel, gebrochener Hobel; - sangal tikel; - ein Mann, dem beim Fällen eines Baumes der Stiel seines Beiles bricht."</blockquote>'''English''': sangkal tikel, broken plane; - sangal tikel; - a man whose axe handle breaks while felling a tree.		Maaß (1929) p. 140: <blockquote>"sangkal tikel, gebrochener Hobel; - sangal tikel; - ein Mann, dem beim Fällen eines Baumes der Stiel seines Beiles bricht."</blockquote>'''English''': sangkal tikel, broken plane; - sangal tikel; - a man whose axe handle breaks while felling a tree.

	=== Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation ===		=== Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation ===

Sushoff: /* Identification */

2026-01-29T15:37:23Z

Identification

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:37, 29 January 2026
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	[[File:AlfredMaas1929 Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen ocr IdentTab cut.jpg\|thumb\|Identification of Balinese constellations (Maaß 1929, appendix). ]]		[[File:AlfredMaas1929 Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen ocr IdentTab cut.jpg\|thumb\|Identification of Balinese constellations (Maaß 1929, appendix). ]]
	The astronomical identification of the constellation is taken from Maaß (1929)<ref name=":1" /> who explains in general that these constellations and the according ritual practice <blockquote>"sind seit alten Zeiten in einem Werk ,,wariga" niedergelegt, in dem wir zwei Kulturschichten, nämlich indische ~~unq~~ malaio-polynesische Bestandteile wiederfinden." </blockquote><blockquote>'''English:''' "are written down in a work called "wariga" since old times; there we recognise two cultural layers, i.e. the Indian and the Malayo-Polynesian."</blockquote>He also quotes other scholars<ref>Friedrich, R. (1849). Voorloopig verslag van het eiland Bali, Batavia, Verb. Bat Gen. Deel 23, Nr. 13</ref><ref>HINLOOPEN LABBERT0N, D. VAN (1910). Geillustreerd handboek van Insulinde. Amsterdam: "Vivat"</ref><ref>PIGEAUD, TH. (1925). Een stuk over sterrenkunde uit het Anggastyaparwwa ...... Weltevreden: Albrecht. Tijdsch. v. lnd, T.-, L.- en Vk. deel LXV</ref><ref>Nieuwenkamp, W. O. J. (1905), Schetsen van Bali en Lombok. (Eigen Haard)</ref> and his earlier work<ref>MAASS, ALFRED (1920). Sterne und Sternbilder im malaiischen Archipel. Berlin. Zeitschrift für Ethnologie Jg. 1920/21, H. 1</ref><ref>MAASS, ALFRED (1924). Sternkunde und Sterndeuterei im malaiischen Archipel. Batavia, den Haag. Tijdsch. v. T.-, L.-en Vk. deel LX IV</ref> reporting that this work dates back to the 9th century CE when Bali was part of a Hindu empire on the neighbouring island of Java.<ref name=":1" /> Neubronner van der Tuuk even uses the Old Javanese spelling.		The astronomical identification of the constellation is taken from Maaß (1929)<ref name=":1" /> who explains in general that these constellations and the according ritual practice <blockquote>"sind seit alten Zeiten in einem Werk ,,wariga" niedergelegt, in dem wir zwei Kulturschichten, nämlich indische und malaio-polynesische Bestandteile wiederfinden." </blockquote><blockquote>'''English:''' "are written down in a work called "wariga" since old times; there we recognise two cultural layers, i.e. the Indian and the Malayo-Polynesian."</blockquote>He also quotes other scholars<ref>Friedrich, R. (1849). Voorloopig verslag van het eiland Bali, Batavia, Verb. Bat Gen. Deel 23, Nr. 13</ref><ref>HINLOOPEN LABBERT0N, D. VAN (1910). Geillustreerd handboek van Insulinde. Amsterdam: "Vivat"</ref><ref>PIGEAUD, TH. (1925). Een stuk over sterrenkunde uit het Anggastyaparwwa ...... Weltevreden: Albrecht. Tijdsch. v. lnd, T.-, L.- en Vk. deel LXV</ref><ref>Nieuwenkamp, W. O. J. (1905), Schetsen van Bali en Lombok. (Eigen Haard)</ref> and his earlier work<ref>MAASS, ALFRED (1920). Sterne und Sternbilder im malaiischen Archipel. Berlin. Zeitschrift für Ethnologie Jg. 1920/21, H. 1</ref><ref>MAASS, ALFRED (1924). Sternkunde und Sterndeuterei im malaiischen Archipel. Batavia, den Haag. Tijdsch. v. T.-, L.-en Vk. deel LX IV</ref> reporting that this work dates back to the 9th century CE when Bali was part of a Hindu empire on the neighbouring island of Java.<ref name=":1" /> Neubronner van der Tuuk even uses the Old Javanese spelling.

	==== Identification ====		==== Identification ====

Sushoff: /* Identification */

2026-01-29T14:09:11Z

Identification

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:09, 29 January 2026
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	==== Identification ====		==== Identification ====
	The identifications, Maaß (1929) gives according to the aforementioned and his own studies during visits of the country and in European and Batavian libraries (p.150).<ref name=":1" />		The identifications, Maaß (1929) gives according to the aforementioned and his own studies during visits of the country and in European and Batavian libraries (p.150).<ref name=":1" />

			Maaß (1929) p. 40: <blockquote>"sangkal tikel, gebrochener Hobel; - sangal tikel; - ein Mann, dem beim Fällen eines Baumes der Stiel seines Beiles bricht."</blockquote>'''English''': sangkal tikel, broken plane; - sangal tikel; - a man whose axe handle breaks while felling a tree.

	=== Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation ===		=== Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation ===

Sushoff at 13:21, 29 January 2026

2026-01-29T13:21:26Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:21, 29 January 2026
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	But Sangkal for this constellation is a hoe, a tool for Balinese farmers to cultivate the land, dig, level the land, and clear weeds in rice fields and gardens, especially in narrow areas that do not allow the use of heavy machinery.		But Sangkal for this constellation is a hoe, a tool for Balinese farmers to cultivate the land, dig, level the land, and clear weeds in rice fields and gardens, especially in narrow areas that do not allow the use of heavy machinery.

			==== General information ====

			[[File:AlfredMaas1929 Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen ocr IdentTab cut.jpg\|thumb\|Identification of Balinese constellations (Maaß 1929, appendix). ]]
			The astronomical identification of the constellation is taken from Maaß (1929)<ref name=":1" /> who explains in general that these constellations and the according ritual practice <blockquote>"sind seit alten Zeiten in einem Werk ,,wariga" niedergelegt, in dem wir zwei Kulturschichten, nämlich indische unq malaio-polynesische Bestandteile wiederfinden." </blockquote><blockquote>'''English:''' "are written down in a work called "wariga" since old times; there we recognise two cultural layers, i.e. the Indian and the Malayo-Polynesian."</blockquote>He also quotes other scholars<ref>Friedrich, R. (1849). Voorloopig verslag van het eiland Bali, Batavia, Verb. Bat Gen. Deel 23, Nr. 13</ref><ref>HINLOOPEN LABBERT0N, D. VAN (1910). Geillustreerd handboek van Insulinde. Amsterdam: "Vivat"</ref><ref>PIGEAUD, TH. (1925). Een stuk over sterrenkunde uit het Anggastyaparwwa ...... Weltevreden: Albrecht. Tijdsch. v. lnd, T.-, L.- en Vk. deel LXV</ref><ref>Nieuwenkamp, W. O. J. (1905), Schetsen van Bali en Lombok. (Eigen Haard)</ref> and his earlier work<ref>MAASS, ALFRED (1920). Sterne und Sternbilder im malaiischen Archipel. Berlin. Zeitschrift für Ethnologie Jg. 1920/21, H. 1</ref><ref>MAASS, ALFRED (1924). Sternkunde und Sterndeuterei im malaiischen Archipel. Batavia, den Haag. Tijdsch. v. T.-, L.-en Vk. deel LX IV</ref> reporting that this work dates back to the 9th century CE when Bali was part of a Hindu empire on the neighbouring island of Java.<ref name=":1" /> Neubronner van der Tuuk even uses the Old Javanese spelling.

			==== Identification ====
			The identifications, Maaß (1929) gives according to the aforementioned and his own studies during visits of the country and in European and Batavian libraries (p.150).<ref name=":1" />

	=== Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation ===		=== Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation ===

Sushoff at 06:40, 17 January 2026

2026-01-17T06:40:39Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:40, 17 January 2026
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			Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
			----
	[[File:Stellarium-20251010-212708335.png\|thumb\|Balinese constellation: Sangkal Tikěl (a broken hoe), re-drawn by Jessica Gullberg for the planetarium software Stellarium (CC-BY Youla Azkarrula & Jessica Gullberg)]]		[[File:Stellarium-20251010-212708335.png\|thumb\|Balinese constellation: Sangkal Tikěl (a broken hoe), re-drawn by Jessica Gullberg for the planetarium software Stellarium (CC-BY Youla Azkarrula & Jessica Gullberg)]]
	Sangkal Tikěl is an Oceanic name from Bali (Indonesia). The lintang of sangkal tikěl is found in intersection of Wraspati (Thursday, in saptawara) and Umanis (in pancawara) in a series of palelintangan. Lintang sangkal tikěl means a broken hoe constellation.<ref>Maass, Alfred, “Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen,” in Koninklijk Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen, Feestbundel bij gelegenheid van zijn 150 jarig bestaan 1778-1928, 2 vols. (Weltevreden, 1929), Vol. 2, 126-157.</ref>		Sangkal Tikěl is an Oceanic name from Bali (Indonesia). The lintang of sangkal tikěl is found in intersection of Wraspati (Thursday, in saptawara) and Umanis (in pancawara) in a series of palelintangan. Lintang sangkal tikěl means a broken hoe constellation.<ref>Maass, Alfred, “Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen,” in Koninklijk Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen, Feestbundel bij gelegenheid van zijn 150 jarig bestaan 1778-1928, 2 vols. (Weltevreden, 1929), Vol. 2, 126-157.</ref>