Simmakh - Revision history

Sushoff: /* Concordance, Etymology, History */

2026-09-17T12:22:12Z

Concordance, Etymology, History

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:22, 17 September 2026
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	The transformation of the constellation of The Swallow (see [[SIM.MAḪ]]) in ancient Mesopotamia is characterised by the original image of a Giant Swallow which must be located in Cetus, as its tails are imagined in the ribbon of Pisces, to a later version of a much smaller bird (swallow) whose body is roughly in the southern fish-ellipse of Pisces. The second image is reconstructed from coordinates given in Late Babylonian texts, e.g. the normal star list in which reads "DUR sim.ma", "Swallow Ribbon" [Roughton-Steele-Walker 2004<ref name=":14">''Roughton N.A., Steele J.M., Walker C.B.F.'' A Late Babylonian Normal and ''Ziqpu'' Star Text // AHES 58 (2004) 537-572.</ref>, 551:21′, 553], suggesting a bird connected to a fish in the northern fish-ellipse. Such an image of a bird and a fish connected by a V-shaped ribbon is preserved on seals in Uruk.		The transformation of the constellation of The Swallow (see [[SIM.MAḪ]]) in ancient Mesopotamia is characterised by the original image of a Giant Swallow which must be located in Cetus, as its tails are imagined in the ribbon of Pisces, to a later version of a much smaller bird (swallow) whose body is roughly in the southern fish-ellipse of Pisces. The second image is reconstructed from coordinates given in Late Babylonian texts, e.g. the normal star list in which reads "DUR sim.ma", "Swallow Ribbon" [Roughton-Steele-Walker 2004<ref name=":14">''Roughton N.A., Steele J.M., Walker C.B.F.'' A Late Babylonian Normal and ''Ziqpu'' Star Text // AHES 58 (2004) 537-572.</ref>, 551:21′, 553], suggesting a bird connected to a fish in the northern fish-ellipse. Such an image of a bird and a fish connected by a V-shaped ribbon is preserved on seals in Uruk.

	Yet earlier texts like MUL.APIN only list a Swallow and no fish in this area. The stars of Anu (no. 2)~~: <blockquote>~~MUL ~~''ša''<sub>2</sub> ''ina'' IGI-''it'' <sup>mul</sup>AŠ~~.~~IKU GUB-''zu'' <sup>mul</sup>''Ši-nu-nu-tu''<sub>4</sub>~~		Yet earlier texts like MUL.APIN only list a Swallow and no fish in this area. The stars of Anu (no. 2), MUL.APIN I i 41 = (Anu 2right)<ref>Hoffmann, S. M. and Krebernik, M. (2023). What do deities tell us about the celestial positioning system, in: R. Rollinger, I. Madreiter, M. Lang, C. Pappi (eds.). The Intellectual Heritage of the Ancient Near East, Papers held at the 64th Rencontre Assyriologique International and 12th Melammu Symposium July 16-20 2018, Innsbruck. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 539-579</ref>: <blockquote>
			* MUL ''ša''<sub>2</sub> ''ina'' IGI-''it'' <sup>mul</sup>AŠ.IKU GUB-''zu'' <sup>mul</sup>''Ši-nu-nu-tu''<sub>4</sub>
	~~"The star that stands before the Field, the Swallow" (~~I i 41 = (~~AN 2r~~)<ref>Hoffmann, S. M. and Krebernik, M. (2023). What do deities tell us about the celestial positioning system, in: R. Rollinger, I. Madreiter, M. Lang, C. Pappi (eds.). The Intellectual Heritage of the Ancient Near East, Papers held at the 64th Rencontre Assyriologique International and 12th Melammu Symposium July 16-20 2018, Innsbruck. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 539-579</ref>)</blockquote>		* "The star that stands before the Field, the Swallow" </blockquote>

	==Mythology==		==Mythology==

Sushoff: /* Concordance, Etymology, History */

2026-09-17T12:21:27Z

Concordance, Etymology, History

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:21, 17 September 2026
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	----		----
	[[File:Example.jpg\|thumb\|InfoCard1]]		[[File:Example.jpg\|thumb\|InfoCard1]]
	~~[[File:Example.jpg\|thumb\|InfoCard2]]~~
	Simmakh is a modern star name adopted by the International Astronomical Union in the IAU-Catalog of Star Names (IAU-CSN). Its origin is Sumerian, from [[SIM.MAḪ]]. It is the name of the star d Psc (HIP 1645) in constellation [[Pisces]].		Simmakh is a modern star name adopted by the International Astronomical Union in the IAU-Catalog of Star Names (IAU-CSN). Its origin is Sumerian, from [[SIM.MAḪ]]. It is the name of the star d Psc (HIP 1645) in constellation [[Pisces]].


	==Concordance, Etymology, History==		==Concordance, Etymology, History==
			[[File:A_reflection_flight_of_barn_swallow.jpg\|thumb\|a reflection flight of barn swallow captured in bagmati river in kathmandy valley in nepal (CC BY SA Prasan Shrestha)]]
			Babylonian constellation that has undergone massive transformations: the original Giant Swallow was turned into a Swallow-Fish and into two fish connected with a ribbon. It is located in the area of modern [[Pisces]]. Alternative Mesopotamian terms are <sup>mul</sup>ŠIM.MAḪ (𒀯𒋆𒈤) and <sup>(mul)</sup>''Šinūnūtu''.

			The characteristic folked tail of a swallow actually matches the pattern of stars in the sky very well; so it is very likely the original image seen in the asterism that is now considered a V-shaped ribbon.

			The transformation of the constellation of The Swallow (see [[SIM.MAḪ]]) in ancient Mesopotamia is characterised by the original image of a Giant Swallow which must be located in Cetus, as its tails are imagined in the ribbon of Pisces, to a later version of a much smaller bird (swallow) whose body is roughly in the southern fish-ellipse of Pisces. The second image is reconstructed from coordinates given in Late Babylonian texts, e.g. the normal star list in which reads "DUR sim.ma", "Swallow Ribbon" [Roughton-Steele-Walker 2004<ref name=":14">''Roughton N.A., Steele J.M., Walker C.B.F.'' A Late Babylonian Normal and ''Ziqpu'' Star Text // AHES 58 (2004) 537-572.</ref>, 551:21′, 553], suggesting a bird connected to a fish in the northern fish-ellipse. Such an image of a bird and a fish connected by a V-shaped ribbon is preserved on seals in Uruk.

			Yet earlier texts like MUL.APIN only list a Swallow and no fish in this area. The stars of Anu (no. 2): <blockquote>MUL ''ša''<sub>2</sub> ''ina'' IGI-''it'' <sup>mul</sup>AŠ.IKU GUB-''zu'' <sup>mul</sup>''Ši-nu-nu-tu''<sub>4</sub>

			"The star that stands before the Field, the Swallow" (I i 41 = (AN 2r)<ref>Hoffmann, S. M. and Krebernik, M. (2023). What do deities tell us about the celestial positioning system, in: R. Rollinger, I. Madreiter, M. Lang, C. Pappi (eds.). The Intellectual Heritage of the Ancient Near East, Papers held at the 64th Rencontre Assyriologique International and 12th Melammu Symposium July 16-20 2018, Innsbruck. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 539-579</ref>)</blockquote>

	==Mythology==		==Mythology==

	==IAU Working Group on Star Names==		==IAU Working Group on Star Names==
	The name was ~~discussed and adopted by~~ the IAU WGSN in ~~202x~~. ~~As this~~ star ~~is already named ...,~~ the ~~WGSN chose ...~~ (~~not to apply/ to apply~~ the ~~name to a neighbouring star/ to ...~~) in the ~~IAU-CSN~~.		The name was suggested to the IAU WGSN in 2023. It was adopted for a star south of the Pegasus square which matches both image reconstructions: the earlier large swallow (at the tip of its tail) and the late small swallow (in the body/head).

	The name was adopted by the IAU WGSN in 2026~~, as it has been in popular use among astrophysicists and listed in SIMBAD already~~.		The name was adopted by the IAU WGSN in September 2026.

	<gallery>		<gallery>

Sushoff at 12:04, 17 September 2026

2026-09-17T12:04:21Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:04, 17 September 2026
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	[[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:Mesopotamian]][[Category:Sumerian]]		[[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:Mesopotamian]][[Category:Sumerian]]
	[[Category:West Asian]] [[Category:Asian]][[Category:Modern]]		[[Category:West Asian]] [[Category:Asian]][[Category:Modern]]
			[[Category:Psc]]

Sushoff at 11:54, 17 September 2026

2026-09-17T11:54:03Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:54, 17 September 2026
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	[[Category:Star Name‏‎]]		[[Category:Star Name‏‎]]
	[[Category:IAU-Star Name‏‎]]		[[Category:IAU-Star Name‏‎]]
	[[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:~~Mesopotamia~~]][[Category:Sumerian]]		[[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:Mesopotamian]][[Category:Sumerian]]
	[[Category:West Asian]] [[Category:Asian]][[Category:Modern]]		[[Category:West Asian]] [[Category:Asian]][[Category:Modern]]

Sushoff: Created page with "{{distinguish|SIM.MAḪ}} Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}} ---- InfoCard1 InfoCard2 Simmakh is a modern star name adopted by the International Astronomical Union in the IAU-Catalog of Star Names (IAU-CSN). Its origin is Sumerian, from SIM.MAḪ. It is the name of the star d Psc (HIP 1645) in constellation Pisces. ==Concordance, Etymology, History== ==Mythology== ==IAU Working Group on Star Names== The name was dis..."

2026-09-17T11:53:47Z

Created page with "{{distinguish|SIM.MAḪ}} Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}} ---- thumb|InfoCard1 thumb|InfoCard2 Simmakh is a modern star name adopted by the International Astronomical Union in the IAU-Catalog of Star Names (IAU-CSN). Its origin is Sumerian, from SIM.MAḪ. It is the name of the star d Psc (HIP 1645) in constellation Pisces. ==Concordance, Etymology, History== ==Mythology== ==IAU Working Group on Star Names== The name was dis..."

New page

{{distinguish|SIM.MAḪ}}
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
[[File:Example.jpg|thumb|InfoCard1]]
[[File:Example.jpg|thumb|InfoCard2]]
Simmakh is a modern star name adopted by the International Astronomical Union in the IAU-Catalog of Star Names (IAU-CSN). Its origin is Sumerian, from [[SIM.MAḪ]]. It is the name of the star d Psc (HIP 1645) in constellation [[Pisces]].

==Concordance, Etymology, History==

==Mythology==

==IAU Working Group on Star Names==
The name was discussed and adopted by the IAU WGSN in 202x. As this star is already named ..., the WGSN chose ... (not to apply/ to apply the name to a neighbouring star/ to ...) in the IAU-CSN.

The name was adopted by the IAU WGSN in 2026, as it has been in popular use among astrophysicists and listed in SIMBAD already.

<gallery>
File:Example.jpg|InfoCard1
File:Example.jpg|InfoCard2
</gallery>

== Weblinks ==

*

== Reference ==
* [[References|References (general)]]

* Ian Ridpath's website ([http://ianridpath.com/startales Star Tales] )

[[Category:Star Name‏‎]]
[[Category:IAU-Star Name‏‎]]
[[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:Mesopotamia]][[Category:Sumerian]]
[[Category:West Asian]] [[Category:Asian]][[Category:Modern]]