Tenggala - Revision history

YoulaAzkarrula at 06:39, 29 May 2026

2026-05-29T06:39:06Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:39, 29 May 2026
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	* [[References]] (general)		* [[References]] (general)

			[[Category:Asian]] [[Category:Southeast Asian]]
	[[Category:Indonesia]] [[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]]		[[Category:Indonesia]] [[Category:Asterism]] [[Category:Constellation]]
	[[Category:Balinese]] [[Category:Ori]]		[[Category:Balinese]] [[Category:Ori]]

YoulaAzkarrula: /* Identification */

2026-03-19T10:54:40Z

Identification

@@ Line 28: / Line 28: @@
 [[File:Screenshot 2026-02-04 133821.png|center|thumb|800x800px|Huluku in the identification table by Maaß (1929). He mentioned "der Orion" which means "the Orion".]]
 He also give further explanation with a specific detail (p. 148-149)<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>"So ist bei dem Pflug Orions Gürtel.....das Pflugeisen mit dem Pflug-holz der rote Betelgeuze ist eine Fusswunde des Bauers, Bellatrix ist sein Auge. Der weisse Rigel und der andere Punkt des Aussenvierecks sind die beiden Zugtiere."</blockquote><blockquote>'''English:''' "Thus, in the case of the plough Orion's belt, ...... the plough iron with the plug; the red Betelgeuse is a foot wound of the farmer, Bellatrix is his eye. The white Rigel and the other point of the outer square are the both draught animals."</blockquote>
 === Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation ===

YoulaAzkarrula: /* References */

2026-03-04T11:11:06Z

References

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:11, 4 March 2026
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	==Cultural Beliefs==		==Cultural Beliefs==
	===Numerology (Neptu/Urip)===		===Numerology (Neptu/Urip)===
	Rědite (Sunday, in saptawara) has a value of 5 and Wage (in pancawara) has a value of 4. Thus, the total urip on this lintang is 9.<ref name=":0">Tim Kajian Palelintangan, “Gabungan Kajian Palelintangan,” Museum Bali (2021), 1-149.</ref>		Rědite (Sunday, in saptawara) has a value of 5 and Wage (in pancawara) has a value of 4. Thus, the total urip on this lintang is 9.<ref name=":0">Palelintangan Museum Study Team (Tim Kajian Palelintangan Museum), “Gabungan Kajian Palelintangan,” Museum Bali (2021), 1-149.</ref>
	===Astrological Characteristics===		===Astrological Characteristics===
	When they were little they were miserable and happy in their old age, all their efforts and work found goodness, they could become rich, they were clever in hiding their feelings, generous but often trapped in the desire to be selfish and hard-hearted. They were the birth of Sang Wasi Bhaya (little ones embraced by danger).<ref name=":0" />		When they were little they were miserable and happy in their old age, all their efforts and work found goodness, they could become rich, they were clever in hiding their feelings, generous but often trapped in the desire to be selfish and hard-hearted. They were the birth of Sang Wasi Bhaya (little ones embraced by danger).<ref name=":0" />

YoulaAzkarrula: /* Mythology / Religion */

2026-02-05T10:15:46Z

Mythology / Religion

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:15, 5 February 2026
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	== Mythology / Religion ==		== Mythology / Religion ==
			In the Marerepuh Ceremony or a village cleansing ceremony, Tenggala is used as one of the tools in a procession around the village and coastline. The goal is to cleanse nature physically and spiritually, creating harmony between humans, nature, and God (Tri Hita Karana). Tenggala is accompanied by a tulud (a wooden stick), gawu (a wooden broom), and other tools, then sprinkled with tirta (holy water) to cleanse the entire area.

			In a special case, someone performing self-purification in the form of bayuh oton (a ritual performed on a tenggala). This depends on the person's birth date.

	=== Image Variants ===		=== Image Variants ===

YoulaAzkarrula: /* IAU Working Group on Star Names */

2026-02-04T15:08:13Z

IAU Working Group on Star Names

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:08, 4 February 2026
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	== IAU Working Group on Star Names ==		== IAU Working Group on Star Names ==
	In ~~****~~, it has been proposed to use the name "Tenggala" for a star in the area to preserve the Balinese heritage. The star sig Ori or HIP 26549 is in the plough inside the constellation which was selected because this is the identity of Tenggala. In Bali, Tenggala or the plough is vital to turn the soil over. Constellation Tenggala is mentioned in Palelintangan Prasi, dating roughly 700 CE, and is still used in Bali.		In November 2025, it has been proposed to use the name "Tenggala" for a star in the area to preserve the Balinese heritage. The star sig Ori or HIP 26549 is in the plough inside the constellation which was selected because this is the identity of Tenggala. In Bali, Tenggala or the plough is vital to turn the soil over. Constellation Tenggala is mentioned in Palelintangan Prasi, dating roughly 700 CE, and is still used in Bali.
	== References ==		== References ==

YoulaAzkarrula: /* References */

2026-02-04T13:48:36Z

References

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:48, 4 February 2026
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	Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}		Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
	----		----
			[[File:LintangTENG.jpg\|thumb\|Lintang Tenggala in the cloth (CC-BY UPTD Museum Bali Inventary no. 09.752)]]
	[[File:Huluku.png\|thumb\|Lintang Huluku in lontar Prasi Palelintangan (CC-BY Alfred Maaß, (1929), Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen)]]		[[File:Huluku.png\|thumb\|Lintang Huluku in lontar Prasi Palelintangan (CC-BY Alfred Maaß, (1929), Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen)]]
	[[File:Stellarium-20250917-125533769.png\|thumb\|Balinese constellation: Tenggala (a plough), re-drawn by Jessica Gullberg for the planetarium software Stellarium (CC-BY Youla Azkarrula & Jessica Gullberg)]]		Těnggala is an Oceanic name from Bali (Indonesia). The lintang of těnggala is found in intersection of Rědite (Sunday, in saptawara) and Wage (in pancawara) in a series of palelintangan. Lintang těnggala means a plough constellation.<ref name=":1">Maass, Alfred, “Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen,” in Koninklijk Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen, Feestbundel bij gelegenheid van zijn 150 jarig bestaan 1778-1928, 2 vols. (Weltevreden, 1929), Vol. 2, 126-157.</ref>
	Těnggala is an Oceanic name from Bali (Indonesia). The lintang of těnggala is found in intersection of Rědite (Sunday, in saptawara) and Wage (in pancawara) in a series of palelintangan. Lintang těnggala means a plough constellation.<ref>Maass, Alfred, “Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen,” in Koninklijk Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen, Feestbundel bij gelegenheid van zijn 150 jarig bestaan 1778-1928, 2 vols. (Weltevreden, 1929), Vol. 2, 126-157.</ref>

	==Etymology and History==		==Etymology and History==
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	==== General information ====		==== General information ====
			[[File:Stellarium-20250917-125533769.png\|thumb\|Balinese constellation: Tenggala (a plough), re-drawn by Jessica Gullberg for the planetarium software Stellarium (CC-BY Youla Azkarrula & Jessica Gullberg)]][[File:AlfredMaas1929 Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen ocr IdentTab cut.jpg\|thumb\|Identification of Balinese constellations (Maaß 1929, appendix). ]]
	[[File:AlfredMaas1929 Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen ocr IdentTab cut.jpg\|thumb\|Identification of Balinese constellations (Maaß 1929, appendix). ]]
	The astronomical identification of the constellation is taken from Maaß (1929)<ref name=":1" /> who explains in general that these constellations and the according ritual practice <blockquote>"sind seit alten Zeiten in einem Werk ,,wariga" niedergelegt, in dem wir zwei Kulturschichten, nämlich indische unq malaio-polynesische Bestandteile wiederfinden." </blockquote><blockquote>'''English:''' "are written down in a work called "wariga" since old times; there we recognise two cultural layers, i.e. the Indian and the Malayo-Polynesian."</blockquote>He also quotes other scholars<ref>Friedrich, R. (1849). Voorloopig verslag van het eiland Bali, Batavia, Verb. Bat Gen. Deel 23, Nr. 13</ref><ref>HINLOOPEN LABBERT0N, D. VAN (1910). Geillustreerd handboek van Insulinde. Amsterdam: "Vivat"</ref><ref>PIGEAUD, TH. (1925). Een stuk over sterrenkunde uit het Anggastyaparwwa ...... Weltevreden: Albrecht. Tijdsch. v. lnd, T.-, L.- en Vk. deel LXV</ref><ref>Nieuwenkamp, W. O. J. (1905), Schetsen van Bali en Lombok. (Eigen Haard)</ref> and his earlier work<ref>MAASS, ALFRED (1920). Sterne und Sternbilder im malaiischen Archipel. Berlin. Zeitschrift für Ethnologie Jg. 1920/21, H. 1</ref><ref>MAASS, ALFRED (1924). Sternkunde und Sterndeuterei im malaiischen Archipel. Batavia, den Haag. Tijdsch. v. T.-, L.-en Vk. deel LX IV</ref> reporting that this work dates back to the 9th century CE when Bali was part of a Hindu empire on the neighbouring island of Java.<ref name=":1" /> Neubronner van der Tuuk even uses the Old Javanese spelling.		The astronomical identification of the constellation is taken from Maaß (1929)<ref name=":1" /> who explains in general that these constellations and the according ritual practice <blockquote>"sind seit alten Zeiten in einem Werk ,,wariga" niedergelegt, in dem wir zwei Kulturschichten, nämlich indische unq malaio-polynesische Bestandteile wiederfinden." </blockquote><blockquote>'''English:''' "are written down in a work called "wariga" since old times; there we recognise two cultural layers, i.e. the Indian and the Malayo-Polynesian."</blockquote>He also quotes other scholars<ref>Friedrich, R. (1849). Voorloopig verslag van het eiland Bali, Batavia, Verb. Bat Gen. Deel 23, Nr. 13</ref><ref>HINLOOPEN LABBERT0N, D. VAN (1910). Geillustreerd handboek van Insulinde. Amsterdam: "Vivat"</ref><ref>PIGEAUD, TH. (1925). Een stuk over sterrenkunde uit het Anggastyaparwwa ...... Weltevreden: Albrecht. Tijdsch. v. lnd, T.-, L.- en Vk. deel LXV</ref><ref>Nieuwenkamp, W. O. J. (1905), Schetsen van Bali en Lombok. (Eigen Haard)</ref> and his earlier work<ref>MAASS, ALFRED (1920). Sterne und Sternbilder im malaiischen Archipel. Berlin. Zeitschrift für Ethnologie Jg. 1920/21, H. 1</ref><ref>MAASS, ALFRED (1924). Sternkunde und Sterndeuterei im malaiischen Archipel. Batavia, den Haag. Tijdsch. v. T.-, L.-en Vk. deel LX IV</ref> reporting that this work dates back to the 9th century CE when Bali was part of a Hindu empire on the neighbouring island of Java.<ref name=":1" /> Neubronner van der Tuuk even uses the Old Javanese spelling.

	==== Identification ====		==== Identification ====
	The identifications, Maaß (1929) gives according to the aforementioned and his own studies during visits of the country and in European and Batavian libraries (p.150).<ref name=":1" />		The identifications, Maaß (1929) gives according to the aforementioned and his own studies during visits of the country and in European and Batavian libraries (p.150).<ref name=":1" />
			[[File:Screenshot 2026-02-04 133821.png\|center\|thumb\|800x800px\|Huluku in the identification table by Maaß (1929). He mentioned "der Orion" which means "the Orion".]]
			He also give further explanation with a specific detail (p. 148-149)<ref name=":1" /><blockquote>"So ist bei dem Pflug Orions Gürtel.....das Pflugeisen mit dem Pflug-holz der rote Betelgeuze ist eine Fusswunde des Bauers, Bellatrix ist sein Auge. Der weisse Rigel und der andere Punkt des Aussenvierecks sind die beiden Zugtiere."</blockquote><blockquote>'''English:''' "Thus, in the case of the plough Orion's belt, ...... the plough iron with the plug; the red Betelgeuse is a foot wound of the farmer, Bellatrix is his eye. The white Rigel and the other point of the outer square are the both draught animals."</blockquote>

	=== Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation ===		=== Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation ===
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	\|}		\|}

			== IAU Working Group on Star Names ==
			In ****, it has been proposed to use the name "Tenggala" for a star in the area to preserve the Balinese heritage. The star sig Ori or HIP 26549 is in the plough inside the constellation which was selected because this is the identity of Tenggala. In Bali, Tenggala or the plough is vital to turn the soil over. Constellation Tenggala is mentioned in Palelintangan Prasi, dating roughly 700 CE, and is still used in Bali.
	== References ==		== References ==

YoulaAzkarrula: /* Image Variants */

2026-01-29T23:06:09Z

Image Variants

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:06, 29 January 2026
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	Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}		Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
	----		----
			[[File:Huluku.png\|thumb\|Lintang Huluku in lontar Prasi Palelintangan (CC-BY Alfred Maaß, (1929), Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen)]]
	[[File:Stellarium-20250917-125533769.png\|thumb\|Balinese constellation: Tenggala (a plough), re-drawn by Jessica Gullberg for the planetarium software Stellarium (CC-BY Youla Azkarrula & Jessica Gullberg)]]		[[File:Stellarium-20250917-125533769.png\|thumb\|Balinese constellation: Tenggala (a plough), re-drawn by Jessica Gullberg for the planetarium software Stellarium (CC-BY Youla Azkarrula & Jessica Gullberg)]]
	Těnggala is an Oceanic name from Bali (Indonesia). The lintang of těnggala is found in intersection of Rědite (Sunday, in saptawara) and Wage (in pancawara) in a series of palelintangan. Lintang těnggala means a plough constellation.<ref>Maass, Alfred, “Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen,” in Koninklijk Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen, Feestbundel bij gelegenheid van zijn 150 jarig bestaan 1778-1928, 2 vols. (Weltevreden, 1929), Vol. 2, 126-157.</ref>		Těnggala is an Oceanic name from Bali (Indonesia). The lintang of těnggala is found in intersection of Rědite (Sunday, in saptawara) and Wage (in pancawara) in a series of palelintangan. Lintang těnggala means a plough constellation.<ref>Maass, Alfred, “Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen,” in Koninklijk Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen, Feestbundel bij gelegenheid van zijn 150 jarig bestaan 1778-1928, 2 vols. (Weltevreden, 1929), Vol. 2, 126-157.</ref>
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	<gallery>		<gallery>
	File:Huluku.png\|Lintang Huluku (CC-BY Alfred Maaß, (1929), Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen)		File:Huluku.png\|Lintang Huluku (CC-BY Alfred Maaß, (1929), Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen)
	File:Lintang Tenggala.jpg\|Lintang Tenggala in the cloth (CC-BY UPTD Museum Bali)		File:LinTENGGALA.jpg\|Lintang Tenggala in the cloth (CC-BY UPTD Museum Bali Inventary no. 09.746)
			File:LintangTENG.jpg\|Lintang Tenggala in the cloth (CC-BY UPTD Museum Bali Inventary no. 09.752)
	File:Lintang Wuluku.jpg\|Lintang Wuluku (CC-BY Youla Azkarrula taken in the ceiling of Taman Gili Klungkung Palace Bali)		File:Lintang Wuluku.jpg\|Lintang Wuluku (CC-BY Youla Azkarrula taken in the ceiling of Taman Gili Klungkung Palace Bali)
	</gallery>		</gallery>

Sushoff at 13:16, 29 January 2026

2026-01-29T13:16:22Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:16, 29 January 2026
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	Tenggala is also called luku. Meanwhile, lampit is called garu. The function of the tenggala is to turn the soil over so that it becomes loose. This tool consists of a singkal (a sharp piece of iron for cutting, turning and breaking up the soil and burying plant remains), tetekan (the body of the tenggala), penguruk (handle of the tenggala), and uga (or an assembly which is made of wood which is attached to the cow's neck and tied to the end of the body of the tenggala). Meanwhile, Lampit's function is to level the ground after it has been loosened using a tenggala.		Tenggala is also called luku. Meanwhile, lampit is called garu. The function of the tenggala is to turn the soil over so that it becomes loose. This tool consists of a singkal (a sharp piece of iron for cutting, turning and breaking up the soil and burying plant remains), tetekan (the body of the tenggala), penguruk (handle of the tenggala), and uga (or an assembly which is made of wood which is attached to the cow's neck and tied to the end of the body of the tenggala). Meanwhile, Lampit's function is to level the ground after it has been loosened using a tenggala.

			==== General information ====

			[[File:AlfredMaas1929 Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen ocr IdentTab cut.jpg\|thumb\|Identification of Balinese constellations (Maaß 1929, appendix). ]]
			The astronomical identification of the constellation is taken from Maaß (1929)<ref name=":1" /> who explains in general that these constellations and the according ritual practice <blockquote>"sind seit alten Zeiten in einem Werk ,,wariga" niedergelegt, in dem wir zwei Kulturschichten, nämlich indische unq malaio-polynesische Bestandteile wiederfinden." </blockquote><blockquote>'''English:''' "are written down in a work called "wariga" since old times; there we recognise two cultural layers, i.e. the Indian and the Malayo-Polynesian."</blockquote>He also quotes other scholars<ref>Friedrich, R. (1849). Voorloopig verslag van het eiland Bali, Batavia, Verb. Bat Gen. Deel 23, Nr. 13</ref><ref>HINLOOPEN LABBERT0N, D. VAN (1910). Geillustreerd handboek van Insulinde. Amsterdam: "Vivat"</ref><ref>PIGEAUD, TH. (1925). Een stuk over sterrenkunde uit het Anggastyaparwwa ...... Weltevreden: Albrecht. Tijdsch. v. lnd, T.-, L.- en Vk. deel LXV</ref><ref>Nieuwenkamp, W. O. J. (1905), Schetsen van Bali en Lombok. (Eigen Haard)</ref> and his earlier work<ref>MAASS, ALFRED (1920). Sterne und Sternbilder im malaiischen Archipel. Berlin. Zeitschrift für Ethnologie Jg. 1920/21, H. 1</ref><ref>MAASS, ALFRED (1924). Sternkunde und Sterndeuterei im malaiischen Archipel. Batavia, den Haag. Tijdsch. v. T.-, L.-en Vk. deel LX IV</ref> reporting that this work dates back to the 9th century CE when Bali was part of a Hindu empire on the neighbouring island of Java.<ref name=":1" /> Neubronner van der Tuuk even uses the Old Javanese spelling.

			==== Identification ====
			The identifications, Maaß (1929) gives according to the aforementioned and his own studies during visits of the country and in European and Batavian libraries (p.150).<ref name=":1" />

	=== Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation ===		=== Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation ===

Sushoff at 06:35, 17 January 2026

2026-01-17T06:35:26Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:35, 17 January 2026
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			Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
			----
	[[File:Stellarium-20250917-125533769.png\|thumb\|Balinese constellation: Tenggala (a plough), re-drawn by Jessica Gullberg for the planetarium software Stellarium (CC-BY Youla Azkarrula & Jessica Gullberg)]]		[[File:Stellarium-20250917-125533769.png\|thumb\|Balinese constellation: Tenggala (a plough), re-drawn by Jessica Gullberg for the planetarium software Stellarium (CC-BY Youla Azkarrula & Jessica Gullberg)]]
	Těnggala is an Oceanic name from Bali (Indonesia). The lintang of těnggala is found in intersection of Rědite (Sunday, in saptawara) and Wage (in pancawara) in a series of palelintangan. Lintang těnggala means a plough constellation.<ref>Maass, Alfred, “Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen,” in Koninklijk Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen, Feestbundel bij gelegenheid van zijn 150 jarig bestaan 1778-1928, 2 vols. (Weltevreden, 1929), Vol. 2, 126-157.</ref>		Těnggala is an Oceanic name from Bali (Indonesia). The lintang of těnggala is found in intersection of Rědite (Sunday, in saptawara) and Wage (in pancawara) in a series of palelintangan. Lintang těnggala means a plough constellation.<ref>Maass, Alfred, “Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen,” in Koninklijk Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen, Feestbundel bij gelegenheid van zijn 150 jarig bestaan 1778-1928, 2 vols. (Weltevreden, 1929), Vol. 2, 126-157.</ref>

YoulaAzkarrula: lema

2025-11-21T02:12:37Z

lema

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