HaochengLyu at 14:57, 29 September 2026

2026-09-29T14:57:33Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:57, 29 September 2026
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	== IAU Working Group on Star Names ==		== IAU Working Group on Star Names ==
	In ~~2026~~, the name of the historical constellation "~~Tianqun~~" was suggested to be used for one of the stars in this constellation. ...		In 202x, the name of the historical constellation "xxx" was suggested to be used for one of the stars in this constellation. ...

	Decision: ...		Decision: ...

HaochengLyu at 09:30, 29 September 2026

2026-09-29T09:30:29Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:30, 29 September 2026
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	\| valign="center" \|ξ Ari		\| valign="center" \|ξ Ari
	\| valign="center" \|μ Cet		\| valign="center" \|μ Cet
	\| valign="center" \|μ Cet<ref group="comment">In Ho Peng Yoke's identification chart for ~~Tiuanqun~~, an additional star, HIP 11603, is inserted between the fourth star μ Ceti and the fifth star ξ1 Ceti.</ref>		\| valign="center" \|μ Cet<ref group="comment">In Ho Peng Yoke's identification chart for Tianqun, an additional star, HIP 11603, is inserted between the fourth star μ Ceti and the fifth star ξ1 Ceti.</ref>
	\|-		\|-
	\|5th		\|5th

HaochengLyu at 01:38, 29 September 2026

2026-09-29T01:38:23Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:38, 29 September 2026
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	\| valign="center" \|66 Cet		\| valign="center" \|66 Cet
	\|}		\|}

			<references group="comment"/>

	=== Maps (Gallery) ===		=== Maps (Gallery) ===

HaochengLyu: Added new page Tianqun

2026-09-29T01:37:49Z

Added new page Tianqun

New page

{{DISPLAYTITLE: Tianqun (天囷)}}

{{distinguish|}}

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----

{{Infobox constellation|name=Tianqun (天囷)|native=天囷|translation=Circular Celestial Granary|pronounce=Tiān Qūn|IPA=/tʰjɛn˥.t͡ɕʰyn˥/|culture=Chinese|RA=33.252375
to 45.57333333
|dec=-2.978333333 to 10.61111111|areatotal=0|numbermainstars=13|numberbfstars=12|numberstarsplanets=|numberbrightstars=1|numbernearbystars=|brighteststarname=α Cet|starmagnitude=2.53|neareststarname=|stardistance=|numbermessierobjects=|meteorshowers=|bordering=Cet|notes=|cat=constellation}}

Tiān Qūn (天囷, Circular Celestial Granary) is a Chinese asterism belonging to the [[Wei (Stomach)|Wèi]] (胃, Stomach) lunar mansion. Among the Three Schools, it is classified as an external constellation of the Shi School (石氏). The asterism consists of thirteen stars located to the south of [[Wei (Stomach)|Wèi]], spanning the modern constellations [[Cetus]] and [[Aries]].

== Concordance, Etymology, History ==

''Qūn'' (囷) specifically denotes a circular granary in classical Chinese. The ''Shuowen Jiezi''(説文解字) explains: "The round one of the granaries is called ''qūn''; the square one is called ''jīng'' (京)." (廩之圜者，圜謂之囷，方謂之京) The distinction between round (''qūn'') and square (''cāng'') granaries is thus fundamental to the asterism's identity: Tianqun is the circular granary of heaven, paired with [[Tiancang]] (Square Celestial Granary).

Like [[Tiancang]], Tianqun derives from the granary symbolism of the [[Wei (Stomach)|Wei]] mansion. The ''Treatise on the Celestial Offices'' (''Shiji·Tianguan Shu'', 史記·天官書) identifies the stars south of [[Wei (Stomach)|Wei]] as Kuài Jī (廥積, stores of hay and grain). The ''Shi's Commentary'' (''Shi Shi Zan'', 石氏讚) explicitly states:
<blockquote>[[Wei (Stomach)|Wei]] governs the granaries and storehouses, the foundation of the five grains; therefore Tianqun was established to contain them. (胃主倉稟五穀基，故置天囷以盛之)</blockquote>
Tianqun was therefore created specifically to serve as the celestial receptacle for the grain governed by Wei.

The ''Song of the Sky Pacers'' (''Bu Tian Ge'', 步天歌) describes the asterism's distinctive shape:
<blockquote>Tianqun, thirteen stars, like the character "乙". (天囷十三如乙形)</blockquote>
The ''Jin Shu·Tianwen Zhi'' (晉書·天文志 / ''Treatise on Astronomy in the History of Jin'') records:
<blockquote>Tianqun, thirteen stars, to the south of [[Wei (Stomach)|Wei]]; ''qūn'' belongs to the category of granaries and storehouses, governing the provision of imperial grain. (天囷十三星，在胃南。囷，倉廪之屬也，主給御糧也。)</blockquote>
The ''Huangdi Zhan'' (黃帝占) explains that ''qūn'' refers to a granary in the countryside, while ''cāng'' refers to one in a city; it also notes that "round is called ''qūn'', square is called ''cāng''." When the stars of Tianqun are bright and numerous, the hundred storehouses are full; when dim and few, the storehouses are empty and the realm is troubled.

=== Identification of stars ===

The determinative star of Tianqun has consistently been the brightest star of the asterism, [[Menkar|α Ceti]]. However, the identification of the remaining twelve stars is not entirely certain. The asterism's shape, described as resembling the character "乙", is a curved, hook-like configuration, which makes precise star-by-star identification difficult. The Northern Song Jingyou star catalogue (景祐星表, epoch 1034 CE) records an observation of the northern star of Tianqun, identified as μ Ceti.

{| class="wikitable"
!Star Names or Orders(Qing)
!Han Dynasty (SUN X. & J. Kistemaker<ref>Sun Xiaochun. & Kistemaker J. ''The Chinese sky during the Han''. Leiden: Brill. 1997, Pp241-6.</ref>)
!3rd to 6th Century (Boshun Yang<ref name=":12">B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023), Pp297-304.</ref>)
!Song Dynaty (Boshun Yang<ref name=":12" />, 1034 CE)
!Song Dynasty (Pan Nai<ref name=":02">Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989, Pp220-226.</ref>, 1052 CE)
!Song Dynasty (Boshun Yang<ref name=":12" />, 1052 CE)
!Yuan Dynasty (Pan Nai<ref>Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p435-443.</ref>, 14th century)
!Qing Dynaty (Yi Shitong<ref>Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981.</ref>, 18th Century)
!Ho PENG YOKE<ref>P.-Y. Ho, “Ancient And Mediaeval Observations of Comets and Novae in Chinese Sources,” ''Vistas in Astronomy'', 5(1962), 127-225.</ref>
|-
|1st / determinative
| valign="center" |α Cet
| valign="center" |α Cet
| valign="center" |α Cet
| valign="center" |α Cet
| valign="center" |α Cet
| valign="center" |α Cet
| valign="center" |α Cet
| valign="center" |α Cet
|-
|2nd
| valign="center" |λ Cet
| valign="center" |λ Cet
| valign="center" |λ Cet
| valign="center" |λ Cet
| valign="center" |λ Cet
| valign="center" |λ Cet
| valign="center" |κ2 Cet
| valign="center" |κ1 Cet
|-
|3rd
| valign="center" |μ Cet
| valign="center" |μ Cet
| valign="center" |μ Cet
| valign="center" |μ Cet
| valign="center" |μ Cet
| valign="center" |μ Cet
| valign="center" |λ Cet
| valign="center" |λ Cet
|-
|4th
| valign="center" |ξ Ari
| valign="center" |ξ Ari
| valign="center" |ξ Ari
| valign="center" |ξ Ari
| valign="center" |ξ Ari
| valign="center" |ξ Ari
| valign="center" |μ Cet
| valign="center" |μ Cet<ref group="comment">In Ho Peng Yoke's identification chart for Tiuanqun, an additional star, HIP 11603, is inserted between the fourth star μ Ceti and the fifth star ξ1 Ceti.</ref>
|-
|5th
| valign="center" |ξ1 Cet
| valign="center" |ξ1 Cet
| valign="center" |ξ1 Cet
| valign="center" |ξ1 Cet
| valign="center" |ξ1 Cet
| valign="center" |ξ1 Cet
| valign="center" |ξ1 Cet
| valign="center" |ξ1 Cet
|-
|6th
| valign="center" |ξ2 Cet
| valign="center" |ξ2 Cet
| valign="center" |ξ2 Cet
| valign="center" |ξ2 Cet
| valign="center" |ξ2 Cet
| valign="center" |ξ2 Cet
| valign="center" |ξ2 Cet
| valign="center" |ξ2 Cet
|-
|7th
| valign="center" |ν Cet
| valign="center" |ν Cet
| valign="center" |ν Cet
| valign="center" |ν Cet
| valign="center" |ν Cet
| valign="center" |ν Cet
| valign="center" |ν Cet
| valign="center" |ν Cet
|-
|8th
| valign="center" |γ Cet
| valign="center" |γ Cet
| valign="center" |γ Cet
| valign="center" |γ Cet
| valign="center" |γ Cet
| valign="center" |γ Cet
| valign="center" |γ Cet
| valign="center" |γ Cet
|-
|9th
| valign="center" |δ Cet
| valign="center" |δ Cet
| valign="center" |δ Cet
| valign="center" |δ Cet
| valign="center" |δ Cet
| valign="center" |δ Cet
| valign="center" |δ Cet
| valign="center" |δ Cet
|-
|10th
| valign="center" |75 Cet
| valign="center" |75 Cet
| valign="center" |75 Cet
| valign="center" |84 Cet
| valign="center" |75 Cet
| valign="center" |84 Cet ?
| valign="center" |75 Cet
| valign="center" |75 Cet
|-
|11th
| valign="center" |69 Cet
| valign="center" |70 Cet
| valign="center" |70 Cet
| valign="center" |75 Cet
| valign="center" |70 Cet
| valign="center" |75 Cet ?
| valign="center" |70 Cet
| valign="center" |70 Cet
|-
|12th
| valign="center" |70 Cet
| valign="center" |69 Cet
| valign="center" |69 Cet
| valign="center" |70 Cet
| valign="center" |69 Cet
| valign="center" |70 Cet ?
| valign="center" |63 Cet
| valign="center" |63 Cet
|-
|13th
| valign="center" |ο Cet
| valign="center" |HIP 10723
| valign="center" |HIP 10723
| valign="center" |ο Cet
| valign="center" |HIP 10723
| valign="center" |ο Cet ?
| valign="center" |66 Cet
| valign="center" |66 Cet
|}

=== Maps (Gallery) ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!historical map
!modern identification
!same in Stellarium
|-
|[[File:Kulou on the Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido Star Chart.jpg|alt=historical image of Kulou (Korea)|thumb|Kulou on the Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido Star Chart]]
|
|
|}

== IAU Working Group on Star Names ==
In 2026, the name of the historical constellation "Tianqun" was suggested to be used for one of the stars in this constellation. ...

Decision: ...

==References ==
[[References (Chinese)]]

[[Category:Asterism ]][[Category:Constellation ]]
[[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:Asian]][[Category:East Asian]]
[[Category:Chinese ]]
[[Category:Cet]]
[[Category: ]]

Tianqun - Revision history

HaochengLyu at 14:57, 29 September 2026

HaochengLyu at 09:30, 29 September 2026

HaochengLyu at 01:38, 29 September 2026

HaochengLyu: Added new page Tianqun