Yingshi and Ligong - Revision history

Boshunyang: /* Maps (Gallery) */

2026-08-08T13:34:04Z

Maps (Gallery)

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	\|[[File:Yingshi and Ligong in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.jpg\|thumb\|Yingshi and Ligong in ''Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido'']]		\|[[File:Yingshi and Ligong in Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido.jpg\|thumb\|Yingshi and Ligong in ''Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido'']]
	\|[[File:Yingshi and Ligong reconstructed by Boshun Yang.jpg\|thumb\|~~'''~~Yingshi and Ligong reconstructed by Boshun Yang~~'''~~]]		\|[[File:Yingshi and Ligong reconstructed by Boshun Yang.jpg\|thumb\|Yingshi and Ligong reconstructed by Boshun Yang]]
	\|[[File:Yingshi and Ligong in Stellarium'.jpg\|thumb\|Yingshi and Ligong in Stellarium]]		\|[[File:Yingshi and Ligong in Stellarium'.jpg\|thumb\|Yingshi and Ligong in Stellarium]]
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Boshunyang at 13:33, 8 August 2026

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← Older revision		Revision as of 13:33, 8 August 2026
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	Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}		Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
	----		----
			[[File:Yingshi and Ligong in Stellarium'.jpg\|thumb\|Yingshi(also Shixiu) and Ligong in Stellarium]]
	Yíng Shì (Encampment, 營室) is the thirteenth of the Twenty-eight Lodges and the sixth lodge of the Black Tortoise of the North. Its principal asterism contains two stars: the southern and determinative star is α Pegasi, and the northern star is β Pegasi. Ligong is a six-star auxiliary asterism beside Shi that is, as three pairs flanking the northern star of Shi. All eight stars lie within the modern constellation Pegasus.		Yíng Shì (Encampment, 營室) is the thirteenth of the Twenty-eight Lodges and the sixth lodge of the Black Tortoise of the North. Its principal asterism contains two stars: the southern and determinative star is α Pegasi, and the northern star is β Pegasi. Ligong is a six-star auxiliary asterism beside Shi that is, as three pairs flanking the northern star of Shi. All eight stars lie within the modern constellation Pegasus.
	== Concordance, Etymology, History ==		== Concordance, Etymology, History ==

Boshunyang: /* Identification of stars */

2026-08-08T13:32:15Z

Identification of stars

Show changes

Sushoff at 09:09, 3 August 2026

2026-08-03T09:09:08Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:09, 3 August 2026
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	{{DISPLAYTITLE: Yingshi & Ligong (營室、離宮)}}		{{DISPLAYTITLE: Yingshi & Ligong (營室、離宮)}}

	{{distinguish\|}}		{{distinguish\|}}

	Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}		Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
			----

	Yíng Shì (Encampment, 營室) is the thirteenth of the Twenty-eight Lodges and the sixth lodge of the Black Tortoise of the North. Its principal asterism contains two stars: the southern and determinative star is α Pegasi, and the northern star is β Pegasi. Ligong is a six-star auxiliary asterism beside Shi that is, as three pairs flanking the northern star of Shi. All eight stars lie within the modern constellation Pegasus.		Yíng Shì (Encampment, 營室) is the thirteenth of the Twenty-eight Lodges and the sixth lodge of the Black Tortoise of the North. Its principal asterism contains two stars: the southern and determinative star is α Pegasi, and the northern star is β Pegasi. Ligong is a six-star auxiliary asterism beside Shi that is, as three pairs flanking the northern star of Shi. All eight stars lie within the modern constellation Pegasus.

Boshunyang at 23:07, 2 August 2026

2026-08-02T23:07:36Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:07, 2 August 2026
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	Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}		Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
	~~----~~

	~~[[File~~:~~Example~~.~~jpg\|thumb\|Image~~ that ~~shows~~ the ~~earliest map~~ or ~~drawing]]~~		Yíng Shì (Encampment, 營室) is the thirteenth of the Twenty-eight Lodges and the sixth lodge of the Black Tortoise of the North. Its principal asterism contains two stars: the southern and determinative star is α Pegasi, and the northern star is β Pegasi. Ligong is a six-star auxiliary asterism beside Shi that is, as three pairs flanking the northern star of Shi. All eight stars lie within the modern constellation Pegasus.
	~~[[File~~:~~Example~~.~~jpg\|thumb\|Image~~ that ~~shows~~ the cultural ~~object~~ (e.g. in ~~archaeological museum)]]~~		== Concordance, Etymology, History ==
	Chinese ~~constellation~~.		The word ''shi'' 室 originally denoted an enclosed inner chamber used as a living space, while ''ying'' 營 carried the related meanings of encircling, construction, and a military encampment. The ancient name ''Yingshi'' 營室 could therefore evoke either a military camp or a walled palace compound, while also suggesting the construction of palaces and dwellings. The two stars of Shi and the two stars of Bi 壁 to its east together form what is now known as the Great Square of Pegasus. Early observers understood this spacious quadrilateral as marking the bounds of a palace compound or fortified encampment. The material imagery of the name and the visual form of the stellar configuration thus reinforced one another. By the early Warring States period, these four stars were treated collectively as Yingshi: the eastern pair was called Dongying 東營, the “Eastern Encampment,” and the western pair Xiying 西營, the “Western Encampment.”

			The ''Erya'' 尔雅 states that “Yingshi is called Ding 定.” Guo Pu 郭璞 comments: “Ding means ‘correct.’ In constructing palaces and dwellings, people invariably took the culmination of Yingshi as their standard.” The line “When Ding was at culmination, construction began on the palace at Chu” (''Ding zhi fang zhong, zuo yu Chu gong'' 定之方中，作于楚宫) in the “Yongfeng” section of the ''Book of Odes'' preserves the same body of seasonal knowledge. When Ding culminated in the evening sky, agricultural work had begun to slacken and the season was suitable for constructing palaces and dwellings. The name Yingshi may therefore have been connected with the asterism’s dual function in seasonal timekeeping and orientation during architectural construction.

			Sima Qian’s 司马迁 ''Tianguan shu'' 天官书 (“Treatise on the Celestial Officials”) preserves astronomical knowledge from the early Han dynasty. Its statement that “Yingshi is the Pure Ancestral Temple; it is called Ligong and Gedao” (营室为清庙，曰离宫、阁道) indicates that, by the early Han period at the latest, the celestial region of Yingshi had already acquired multiple cultural interpretations. In other traditions, Yingshi also bore names or associations such as Xuanming 玄冥 (“Dark and Obscure”), ''Daren zhi gong'' 大人之宫 (“Palace of the Great Man”), military provisions, and Tianku 天库 (“Celestial Granary”).

			The terrestrial term ''ligong'' 离宫 denoted a secondary or temporary palace situated apart from the principal palace and used for the ruler’s temporary residence, repose, and private life. It was perhaps on the basis of this familiar meaning that the Shi-school star tradition established Ligong as an auxiliary asterism of Yingshi. Ligong thereby became an independently identifiable asterism subject to astrological prognostication in its own right.

			This process of differentiation also demonstrates that the Chinese asterism system was not created all at once as a complete and fixed scheme. Over the course of its long transmission, an established vocabulary of political institutions and material culture was repeatedly divided, reorganized, and projected onto the sky. In the present case, several cultural meanings formerly clustered around the celestial region of Yingshi were gradually differentiated into a principal asterism and its auxiliary asterism.

	~~== Concordance, Etymology, History ==~~
	~~...~~

	=== Identification of stars ===		=== Identification of stars ===
			From the Western Han dynasty onward, the stellar identifications of Yingshi—more commonly known in later periods as Shi Xiu (Lodge Encampment室宿)—and Ligong remained relatively stable, with no securely attested substantial changes.
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|+		\|+

Boshunyang: Created page with "{{DISPLAYTITLE: Yingshi & Ligong (營室、離宮)}} {{distinguish|}} Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}} ---- Image that shows the earliest map or drawing Image that shows the cultural object (e.g. in archaeological museum) Chinese constellation. == Concordance, Etymology, History == ... === Identification of stars === {| class="wikitable" |+ !Star Names or Orders(Traditional/Qing) !style="color: gray;" |Ho PENG YOKE
2026-08-02T23:05:58Z

Created page with "{{DISPLAYTITLE: Yingshi & Ligong (營室、離宮)}} {{distinguish|}} Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}} ---- thumb|Image that shows the earliest map or drawing thumb|Image that shows the cultural object (e.g. in archaeological museum) Chinese constellation. == Concordance, Etymology, History == ... === Identification of stars === {| class="wikitable" |+ !Star Names or Orders(Traditional/Qing) !style="color: gray;" |Ho PENG YOKE<re..."

New page
{{DISPLAYTITLE: Yingshi & Ligong (營室、離宮)}}

{{distinguish|}}

Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
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[[File:Example.jpg|thumb|Image that shows the earliest map or drawing]]
[[File:Example.jpg|thumb|Image that shows the cultural object (e.g. in archaeological museum)]]
Chinese constellation.

== Concordance, Etymology, History ==
...

=== Identification of stars ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Star Names or Orders(Traditional/Qing)
!style="color: gray;" |Ho PENG YOKE<ref>P.-Y. Ho, “Ancient And Mediaeval Observations of Comets and Novae in Chinese Sources,” ''Vistas in Astronomy'', 5(1962), 127-225.</ref>
!style="color: gray;" |Yi Shitong<ref>Yi Shitong伊世同. ''Zhongxi Duizhao Hengxing Tubiao''中西对照恒星图表1950. Beijing: Science Press.1981.</ref>
Based on catalogue in 18th century
!style="color: gray;" |Pan Nai<ref name=":0">Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 1989. Fig 55.</ref>
based on Xinyixiangfayao Star Map
!style="color: gray;" |Pan Nai<ref>Pan Nai潘鼐. ''Zhongguo Hengxing Guance shi''中国恒星观测史[M]. Shanghai: Xuelin Pree. 2009. p435-443.</ref>
based on catalogues in Yuan dynasty
!style="color: gray;" |SUN X. & J. Kistemaker<ref>Sun Xiaochun. & Kistemaker J. ''The Chinese sky during the Han''. Leiden: Brill. 1997, Pp241-6.</ref>
Han Dynasty
!Boshun Yang<ref name=":1">B.-S. Yang杨伯顺, ''Zhongguo Chuantong Hengxing Guance Jingdu ji Xingguan Yanbian Yanjiu'' 中国传统恒星观测精度及星官演变研究 (A Research on the Accuracy of Chinese Traditional Star Observation and the Evolution of Constellations), PhD thesis, (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2023). 235-296.</ref>
before Tang dynasty
!Boshun Yang<ref name=":1" />
Song Jingyou(1034)
|-
| 1st/4th
| style="color: gray;" | x
|style="color: gray;" | x
|style="color: gray;" | x
|style="color: gray;" | x
|style="color: gray;" | x
| x
| x
|-
| 2nd/3rd
|style="color: gray;" | x
|style="color: gray;" | x
|style="color: gray;" | x
|style="color: gray;" | x
|style="color: gray;" | x
| x
| x
|-
| 3rd/2nd
|style="color: gray;" | x
|style="color: gray;" | x
|style="color: gray;" | x
|style="color: gray;" | x
|style="color: gray;" | x
| x
| x
|-
|4th/1st
|style="color: gray;" | x
|style="color: gray;" | x
|style="color: gray;" | x
|style="color: gray;" | x
|style="color: gray;" | x
| x
| x
|}

=== Maps (Gallery) ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!historical map
!modern identification
(Yang 2023)
!same in Stellarium 24.4
|-
|[[File:Kulou on the Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido Star Chart.jpg|alt=historical image of Kulou (Korea)|thumb|Kulou on the Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido Star Chart]]
|
|
|}

== IAU Working Group on Star Names ==
In 202x, the name of the historical constellation "xxx" was suggested to be used for one of the stars in this constellation. ...

Decision: ...

==References ==
[[References (Chinese)]]

[[Category:Asterism ]][[Category:Constellation ]][[Category:Single star-asterism]]
[[Category:Eurasia]][[Category:Asian]][[Category:East Asian]]
[[Category:Chinese ]]
[[Category: Peg]]