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Kiṣru
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Created page with "<sup>d</sup>''Ereš-ki-gal'' is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism. ==Dictionary== ===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim=== The goddess of the underworld, identified with Mars and the constellation Snake (mulMUŠ) [G. 128; Wiggermann 1997, 34-35]. {| class="wikitable" |- !Sources!!Identifications |- |'''"The Great Star List and Miscellenia".''' [<sup>d</sup>Ereš]-ki-gal = min(=<sup>d</sup>ṣal-bat-a-nu) "Ereshkigal = Mars" [Mesop. Astrol., App. B:110]. List of s..."
 
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<sup>d</sup>''Ereš-ki-gal'' is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism.
{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Kiṣru''}}
==Dictionary==
''Kiṣru'' (𒆠𒄑𒀸) is an ancient Mesopotamian term, lit. meaning "lamp, knot, cluster," is used as a poetic term for a falling star, meteorite, in The Gilgamesh  Epic, and astrological contexts (George 2003<ref>''George, A. R.''. The Babylonian Gilgamesh epic : introduction, critical edition and cuneiform texts. Oxford University Press. 2003. </ref>: 802 n. 248 with further references, Chadwick 1993<ref>''Chadwick R.'' Identifying Comets and Meteors in Celestial Observation Literature / Die Rolle der Astronomie in der Kulturen Mesopotamiens. Graz, 1993.</ref>, 163-164).
 
 
'''''Need Chadwick to check?? - and see if George gives both Chadwick and Bjorkman'''''
 
__TOC__
==Concordance, Etymology, History==
===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim===
===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim===
The goddess of the underworld, identified with Mars and the constellation Snake (mulMUŠ) [G. 128; Wiggermann 1997, 34-35].
 
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
!Sources!!Identifications
!Sources!!Identifications
|-
|-
|'''"The Great Star List and Miscellenia".'''
|'''"The Epic of Gilgamesh."'''
[<sup>d</sup>Ereš]-ki-gal = min(=<sup>d</sup>ṣal-bat-a-nu) "Ereshkigal = Mars" [Mesop. Astrol., App. B:110]. List of stars V R 46, 1:29. <sup>mul</sup>muš = <sup>d</sup>Ereš-ki-gal "Snake = Ereshkigal" [HBA, 52:29; Wee 2016, 162-3].
* [''ki-iṣ'']-''rum ša Anim imqut ana ṣērija'' "a meteorite from heaven fell on me" (Gilg. P. i 7, George 2003<ref>''George, A. R.''. The Babylonian Gilgamesh epic : introduction, critical edition and cuneiform texts. Oxford University Press. 2003. </ref>: 172 OB II i 7)
 
* ''kima ki-iṣ-ri ša Anim imtanaqqqut eli ṣērija'' "like a meteorite from heaven, it fell on me from above" (Gilg. I v 28), quoted in [CAD<ref>''The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.'' Chicago - Glückstadt, 1956 -...</ref> K, 441b]; for other examples, see [ibid]. ''ki-ma ki-iṣ-ri ša''<sub>2</sub> ''da-nim'' "like a piece of stone from heaven," according to [George 2003<ref>''George, A. R.''. The Babylonian Gilgamesh epic : introduction, critical edition and cuneiform texts. Oxford University Press. 2003. </ref>, lines 125, 152, discussion pp. 793, 802]. 
See m43<sup>d</sup>MUŠ, n29<sup>d</sup>NIN.GIŠ.ZI.DA.
|Example
|Example
|-
|'''"Reports."'''
* [DIŠ] MUL SUR-''ma ki-ma ki-iṣ-ri'' / [T]A <sup>d</sup>UTU.ŠU<sub>2</sub> ''ana'' <sup>d</sup>UTU.E<sub>3</sub> ŠU<sub>2</sub> ... "[If] a star flares like a meteor, (moving) from west to east (and) setting ... [RMA, 28]; in [ARAK<ref>''Hunger H.'' Astrological Reports to Assyrian Kings. Helsinki, 1992 (State Archives of Assyria, VIII).</ref>, 303 r. 2] ''ki-iṣ-ri'' is read as ''di-pa-ri'' "(like) a torch".
|
|}
|}
===Additional===
===Historical Dictionaries===
==Historical Dictionaries==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
! scope="col" style="width: 60%;" |Kurtik (2022, e16)
! scope="col" style="width: 60%;" |Kurtik (2022, k20)
! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" |Gössmann (1950)
! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" |Gössmann (1950)
|-
|-
|богиня подземного мира, отождествляемая с Марсом и созвездием Змея (<sup>mul</sup>MUŠ) [G. 128; Wiggermann 1997, 34–35].
|букв. «лампа, узел, скопление», редко используемый термин для обозначения метеоритов и метеоров (?) в мифологических и астрологических текстах [CAD K, 441b; Chadwick 1993, 163–164].
I. Источники.
I. Источники.


«Большой список звезд». [<sup>d</sup>Ereš]-ki-gal = min(=<sup>d</sup>ṣal-bat-a-nu) «Эрешкигаль = Марс» [Mesop. Astrol., App. B:110]. Список звезд V R 46, 1:29. <sup>mul</sup>muš = <sup>d</sup>Ereš-ki-gal «Змея = Эрешкигаль» [HBA, 52:29; Wee 2016, 162–3].
«Эпос о Гильгамеше». [ki-iṣ]-rum ša Anim imqut ana ṣērija «метеорит небесный упал на меня» (Gilg. P. i 7); kima ki-iṣ-ri ša Anim imtanaqqut eli ṣērija «подобно метеориту небесному, упал на меня сверху» (Gilg. I v 28), цит. по [CAD K, 441b]; другие примеры см. [ibid]. ki-ma ki-iṣ-ri ša<sub>2</sub> da-nim «как кусок камня с неба», согласно [George 2003, lines 125, 152, p. 793].  «Рапорты». [DIŠ] MUL SUR-ma ki-ma ki-iṣ-ri / [T]A <sup>d</sup>UTU.ŠU<sub>2</sub> ana <sup>d</sup>UTU.E<sub>3</sub> ŠU<sub>2</sub> … «[Если] звезда вспыхивает, подобно метеору, (движется) с запада на восток (и) заходит … [RMA, 28]; в [ARAK, 303 r. 2] ki-iṣ-ri прочитано как di-pa-ri «(подобно) факелу».
 
См. m43<sup>d</sup>MUŠ, n29<sup>d</sup>NIN.GIŠ.ZI.DA.
|Example
|Example
|}
|}
==References==
==References==
*[[References (Babylonian)|Kurtik's references]]
*[[References (Babylonian)|Kurtik's references]]
[[Category:Mesopotamian]]
[[Category:Akkadian]]
[[Category:West Asian]]
[[Category:Eurasia]]
[[Category:Cuneiform]]
[[Category:4workWayne]]

Latest revision as of 09:39, 10 September 2025

Kiṣru (𒆠𒄑𒀸) is an ancient Mesopotamian term, lit. meaning "lamp, knot, cluster," is used as a poetic term for a falling star, meteorite, in The Gilgamesh Epic, and astrological contexts (George 2003[1]: 802 n. 248 with further references, Chadwick 1993[2], 163-164).


Need Chadwick to check?? - and see if George gives both Chadwick and Bjorkman

Concordance, Etymology, History

Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim

Sources Identifications
"The Epic of Gilgamesh."
  • [ki-iṣ]-rum ša Anim imqut ana ṣērija "a meteorite from heaven fell on me" (Gilg. P. i 7, George 2003[3]: 172 OB II i 7)
  • kima ki-iṣ-ri ša Anim imtanaqqqut eli ṣērija "like a meteorite from heaven, it fell on me from above" (Gilg. I v 28), quoted in [CAD[4] K, 441b]; for other examples, see [ibid]. ki-ma ki-iṣ-ri ša2 da-nim "like a piece of stone from heaven," according to [George 2003[5], lines 125, 152, discussion pp. 793, 802]. 
 Example
"Reports."
  • [DIŠ] MUL SUR-ma ki-ma ki-iṣ-ri / [T]A dUTU.ŠU2 ana dUTU.E3 ŠU2 ... "[If] a star flares like a meteor, (moving) from west to east (and) setting ... [RMA, 28]; in [ARAK[6], 303 r. 2] ki-iṣ-ri is read as di-pa-ri "(like) a torch".

Historical Dictionaries

Kurtik (2022, k20) Gössmann (1950)
букв. «лампа, узел, скопление», редко используемый термин для обозначения метеоритов и метеоров (?) в мифологических и астрологических текстах [CAD K, 441b; Chadwick 1993, 163–164].

I. Источники.

«Эпос о Гильгамеше». [ki-iṣ]-rum ša Anim imqut ana ṣērija «метеорит небесный упал на меня» (Gilg. P. i 7); kima ki-iṣ-ri ša Anim imtanaqqut eli ṣērija «подобно метеориту небесному, упал на меня сверху» (Gilg. I v 28), цит. по [CAD K, 441b]; другие примеры см. [ibid]. ki-ma ki-iṣ-ri ša2 da-nim «как кусок камня с неба», согласно [George 2003, lines 125, 152, p. 793].  «Рапорты». [DIŠ] MUL SUR-ma ki-ma ki-iṣ-ri / [T]A dUTU.ŠU2 ana dUTU.E3 ŠU2 … «[Если] звезда вспыхивает, подобно метеору, (движется) с запада на восток (и) заходит … [RMA, 28]; в [ARAK, 303 r. 2] ki-iṣ-ri прочитано как di-pa-ri «(подобно) факелу».

Example

References

  1. ↑ George, A. R.. The Babylonian Gilgamesh epic : introduction, critical edition and cuneiform texts. Oxford University Press. 2003.
  2. ↑ Chadwick R. Identifying Comets and Meteors in Celestial Observation Literature / Die Rolle der Astronomie in der Kulturen Mesopotamiens. Graz, 1993.
  3. ↑ George, A. R.. The Babylonian Gilgamesh epic : introduction, critical edition and cuneiform texts. Oxford University Press. 2003.
  4. ↑ The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. Chicago - Glückstadt, 1956 -...
  5. ↑ George, A. R.. The Babylonian Gilgamesh epic : introduction, critical edition and cuneiform texts. Oxford University Press. 2003.
  6. ↑ Hunger H. Astrological Reports to Assyrian Kings. Helsinki, 1992 (State Archives of Assyria, VIII).
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