NU.MUŠ.DA: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 17:00, 29 December 2025

^{mul / d}NU.MUŠ.DA (𒀯𒉡𒈲𒁕) is an ancient Mesopotamian constellation within The Centaur (Centaurus). Akkadian parallel to ^(mul)Nammaššû, "Herds of (wild) animals"(?) [CAD^[1] N/1, 233-234]. The Akkadian name makes note of the fact that the area of this asterism is in the Milky Way and so covers a multitude of stars (see the list below).

Concordance, Etymology, History^[2]

= nammaššû, lit. "Herds of (wild) animals"; (?) [CAD^[1] N/1, 233ff.; AHw^[3], 728a; Gössmann^[4] 305].

Hoffmann and Krebernik (2023):^[5]

The god ^dNu-muš-da, city god of Kazallu, is a son of the moon god Nanna/Sîn. Spellings of the star name often omit the determinative for deities. According to Hh, the reading of the star name is nammaššû “herds of animals” (see SpTU III^[6] nr. 114 iv 127). Therefore, the sumerogram could be based on folk etymology. 5R 46: 44 gives the reading/explanation ^dŠa-gi-mu “The Roaring (god)”. MUL ^dNU.MUŠ.DA (EA 8r).

Sources and Identification(s)


Sources	Identifications
Lexical texts. (1) Urra XXII series: ^mulnu.muš.da = nam-maš-šu-u₂ [MSL XI^[7], 31, Section 11:4; SpTU III^[6], 114A v 63; Bloch-Horowitz 2015^[8], 111:323ʹ]. (2) Series Ḫg. B VI: ^[mul]nu.muš.da = na-maš-šu-u₂ = ^dIM [MSL XI, 41:48], ^mulnu.muš.da = (skip) = nam-maš-šu-u₂ [SpTU III^[6], 116 iii 17].
EAE. See. [Rochberg-Halton 1988^[9] 62, 203-204, EAE 20, VII Rec. B, r. 7, 9].
"Three Stars Each (Astroabes)." Astrolabe P. Month of Shabbat, stars of Ea, 160 [Pinches 1900^[10], 575]. Astrolabe B. (1) List (3´12): [^itiziz₂ ^mu]^lnu.muš.da šu-ut ^dE₂-a "[Shabbat]: Numushda (on the way) of Ea (rising)" (C i 11). (2) List (sunrise-sunset=6m): a) ^itiziz₂ ^mulnu.muš.da ^mulsim.maḫ ^mulDa-mu e₃ "[Shabbat: Numushda, Swallow, Damu ascend" (C 33), b) ^[mul]nu.muš.da ^mulsim.maḫ ^mulDa-mu š[u₂] "(Abu): Numushda, Swallow, Damu dec[lines]" [KAV^[11] 218, C 22; Horowitz 2014^[12], 40].
BM 82923. Month of Shabbat, stars Ea: ^mulNU.MUŠ.DA // 2,40 // DINGIR.DINGIR ki-lal ^dIM ^dAMAR.UTU "Numushda // 160 // Both deities are Adad (and) Marduk" [Walker-Hunger 1977^[13], 30:31].
BM 34713. ^itiziz₂ // 2.40 ^múlnu.muš.da // 1.10 ^múlalla // 35 ^múlti₈^[mušen] "Shabbat: 160 Numushda, 70 Crab, 35 Eagle" [LBAT^[14], 1499:11].
"Round astrolabes." K.14943+: ^itiziz₂.a.an // ^mulnu.muš.d[a] // ˹2,40˺ "(Stars of Ea), Shabbat, Numushda, 160" [CT^[15] 33, 12].
The stars of Ea, Anu, and Enlil. List of the 12 stars of Ea (no. 3): ^mulnu.muš.da [CT^[15] 33, 9 r. 16; Horowitz 1998^[16], 176].
MUL.APIN. (1) Stars of Ea (no. 8): MUL ša₂ EGIR-šu₂-nu GUB-zu GIM ^dE₂-a KUR-ḫa / GIM ^dE₂-a ŠU₂^meš ^mulNu-muš-da ^dIM "The star that stands behind them (i.e., behind Shullat and Hanish) rises like Ea and sets like Ea: Numushda, Adad" (I ii 26-27) [MA^[17], 37].	NU.MUŠ.DA as a deity in the area of modern Centaurus which is in the southern Milky Way (Susanne M Hoffmann in Stellarium).
"Great Star List and Miscellenia." (1) ^mulnu.muš.da = [...], ^mulmin = ^d[...], ^mulmin = ^damar.utu; (2) 12 stars of Elam: ^muln[u.muš.da] [Mesop.Astrol.^[18], App. B:130-132, 206].
List of stars VR 46, 1:44. ^mulnu.muš.da = dingir ša₂-gi-mu "Numushda = roaring god" [HBA^[19], 52:44; Wee 2016^[20], 162-3].
GU text. (L) ˹^mulnu.muš.˺da "Numushda" (κ Cen) [Pingree-Walker 1988^[9], BM 78161:20; Hunger-Pingree 1999^[21], 92], see also (Kurtik d11) DINGIR.KU.A^meš.
Temple ritual in Babylon. ^múlnu.muš.da muš-tab-ru-u zunni(šeg₃) "Numushda, the one who prolongs rain" [RAcc.^[22] 138:312; Linssen 2004^[23], 220, 229].
Anaphora. А 3427: ina ^itiziz₂ ina še-rim ud 28 ^múlnu.muš.da ki.min(=meš-ḫa im-šuḫ ZI) "In (the month of) Shabbat, on the morning of the 28th day, Numushda emits mišḫu and rises" [Schaumberger 1955^[24], 238:6], parallel in Sp II 202+: ina ziz₂ ina še-rim 28 ^múlnu.muš.da meš-ḫu im-šuḫ ZI [ibid.^[24] 246:25]. See also: [^mulNU].MUŠ.DA ^d˹E₂˺-[a...] [CT^[15] 26, 48, K.11806: 10-11].

Stars within the Constellation Area


id	Label	IAU design.	description	Vmag
1	Rigil Kentaurus	HIP 71683	Constellation lines (Vertex)	0.01
2	Hadar	HIP 68702	Constellation lines	0.58
3	Acrux	HIP 60718	Constellation lines (Vertex)	0.76
4	Mimosa	HIP 62434	Inside the Hull	1.25
5	* alf01 Cru	HR 4730	Inside the Hull	1.28
6	Gacrux	HIP 61084	Constellation lines (Vertex)	1.64
7	Menkent	HIP 68933	Constellation lines	2.05
8	γ Centauri	HIP 61932	Constellation lines	2.17
9	ϵ Centauri	HIP 66657	Constellation lines	2.3
10	η Centauri	HIP 71352	Constellation lines (Vertex)	2.31
11	Leepwal	HIP 68002	Constellation lines	2.55
12	Kulou (库楼)	HIP 65109	Constellation lines	2.73
13	* gam Cen A	HIP 61932	Constellation lines	2.82
14	* gam Cen B	HIP 61932	Constellation lines (Vertex)	2.88
15	Heng (衡)	HIP 67464	Inside the Hull	3.386
16	μ Centauri	HIP 67472	Inside the Hull	3.43
17	ι Lupi	HIP 69996	Inside the Hull	3.529
18	ϕ Centauri	HIP 68245	Inside the Hull	3.802
19	υ 1 Centauri	HIP 68282	Inside the Hull	3.87
20	d Cen	HIP 65936	Inside the Hull	3.88
21	ω Cen	HD 116790	Inside the Hull	3.9
22	* bet Cen B	* bet Cen B	Inside the Hull	3.95
23	μ 1 Crucis	HIP 63003	Inside the Hull	4.04
24	2 Cen	HIP 67457	within constellation lines	4.19
25	1 Cen	HIP 67153	Constellation lines (Vertex)	4.23
26	n Cen	HIP 62896	Constellation lines (Vertex)	4.27
27	ξ 2 Centauri	HIP 64004	Inside the Hull	4.27
28	e Cen	HIP 62867	Inside the Hull	4.33
29	υ 2 Centauri	HIP 68523	Inside the Hull	4.33
30	χ Centauri	HIP 68862	Inside the Hull	4.343
31	v Cen	HIP 70069	Inside the Hull	4.35
32	τ 2 Lupi	HIP 70576	Inside the Hull	4.35
33	σ Lupi	HIP 71121	Inside the Hull	4.423
34	J Cen	HIP 65271	Inside the Hull	4.509
35	* 3 Cen A	HIP 67669	Constellation lines (Vertex)	4.52
36	τ 1 Lupi	HIP 70574	Inside the Hull	4.553
37	V831 Cen	HIP 64425	Inside the Hull	4.593
38	λ Crucis	HIP 63007	Inside the hull	4.602
39	-	HIP 62327	Inside the hull	4.62
40	M Cen	HIP 67234	Inside the Hull	4.632
41	w Cen	HIP 62012	Inside the Hull	4.66
42	ι Crucis	HIP 62268	Inside the Hull	4.686
43	f Cen	HIP 63945	Inside the Hull	4.691
44	321 G. Cen	HIP 69191	Inside the Hull	4.736
45	-	HIP 70104	Inside the Hull	4.77
46	ξ 1 Centauri	HIP 63724	Inside the Hull	4.826
47	185 G. Cen	HIP 64408	Inside the Hull	4.85
48	191 G. Cen	HIP 64583	Inside the Hull	4.93
49	CH Cru	HIP 61966	Inside the Hull	4.94
50	340 G. Cen	HIP 70264	Inside the Hull	4.94
51	K Cen	HIP 65810	Inside the Hull	5.03
52	V795 Cen	HIP 69618	Inside the Hull	5.07
53	217 G. Cen	HIP 65535	Inside the Hull	5.09
54	z Cen	HIP 67244	Constellation lines	5.147
55	H Cen	HIP 63210	Inside the hull	5.159
56	μ 2 Crucis	HIP 63005	Inside the hull	5.2
57	* Q Cen A	HIP 66821	Inside the Hull	5.217
58	182 G. Cen	HIP 64348	Inside the Hull	5.231
59	N Cen	HIP 67703	Inside the Hull	5.257
60	-	HIP 63117	Inside the Hull	5.32
61	251 G. Cen	HIP 66849	Inside the Hull	5.372
62	-	HIP 70931	Inside the Hull	5.376
63	V964 Cen	HIP 65112	Inside the Hull	5.443
64	152 G. Cen	HIP 63066	Inside the Hull	5.445
65	269 G. Cen	HIP 67304	Inside the Hull	5.446
66	-	HIP 70915	Inside the Hull	5.5
67	NGC 5662	NGC 5662	Inside the Hull	5.5
68	BG Cru	HIP 61136	Inside the Hull	5.53
69	-	HIP 71419	Inside the Hull	5.55
70	324 G. Cen	HIP 69462	Inside the Hull	5.575
71	172 G. Cen	HIP 63972	Inside the Hull	5.588
72	NGC 5460	NGC 5460	Inside the Hull	5.6
73	248 G. Cen	HIP 66656	Inside the Hull	5.603
74	330 G. Cen	HIP 69598	Inside the Hull	5.613
75	221 G. Cen	HIP 65593	Inside the Hull	5.656
76	-	HIP 70054	Inside the Hull	5.66
77	177 G. Cen	HIP 64053	Inside the Hull	5.698
78	142 G. Cen	HIP 62703	Inside the Hull	5.7
79	288 G. Cen	HIP 67973	Inside the Hull	5.71
80	DS Cru	HIP 62732	Inside the Hull	5.72
81	205 G. Cen	HIP 65144	Inside the Hull	5.742
82	278 G. Cen	HIP 67663	Inside the Hull	5.752
83	-	HIP 62894	Inside the Hull	5.77
84	181 G. Cen	HIP 64332	Inside the Hull	5.772
85	196 G. Cen	HIP 64822	Inside the Hull	5.803
86	-	HIP 70663	Inside the Hull	5.811
87	293 G. Cen	HIP 68079	Inside the Hull	5.815
88	193 G. Cen	HIP 64623	Inside the Hull	5.831
89	-	HIP 71182	Inside the Hull	5.87
90	-	HIP 71184	Inside the Hull	5.87
91	283 G. Cen	HIP 67836	Inside the Hull	5.873
92	239 G. Cen	HIP 66454	Inside the Hull	5.889
93	151 G. Cen	HIP 63033	Inside the Hull	5.89
94	189 G. Cen	HIP 64515	Inside the Hull	5.9
95	190 G. Cen	HIP 64580	Inside the Hull	5.9
96	148 G. Cen	HIP 62861	Inside the Hull	5.908
97	209 G. Cen	HIP 65247	Inside the Hull	5.91
98	268 G. Cen	HIP 67292	Inside the Hull	5.91
99	-	HIP 66438A	Inside the Hull	5.92
100	305 G. Cen	HIP 68670	Inside the Hull	5.923
101	298 G. Cen	HIP 68333	Inside the Hull	5.927
102	κ Crucis	HIP 62931	Inside the Hull	5.94
103	256 G. Cen	HIP 66924	Inside the Hull	5.956
104	236 G. Cen	HIP 66427	Inside the Hull	5.957
105	V869 Cen	HIP 69174	Inside the Hull	5.961
106	258 G. Cen	HIP 66984	Inside the Hull	5.97
107	* 3 Cen B	HIP 67669	Constellation lines (Vertex)	5.98
108	174 G. Cen	HIP 64033	Inside the Hull	5.98
109	-	HIP 62058	Inside the Hull	5.982
110	-	HIP 70363	Inside the Hull	5.993
111	242 G. Cen	HIP 66575	Inside the Hull	6
112	V744 Cen	HIP 66666	Inside the Hull	6
113	253 G. Cen	HIP 66925	Inside the Hull	6
114	291 G. Cen	HIP 68101	Inside the Hull	6.01
115	V824 Cen	HIP 64320	Inside the Hull	6.026
116	-	HIP 66825	Inside the Hull	6.05
117	-	HIP 62026	Inside the Hull	6.057
118	V828 Cen	HIP 68673	Inside the Hull	6.088
119	203 G. Cen	HIP 65129	Inside the Hull	6.09
120	V716 Cen	HIP 69491	Inside the Hull	6.09
121	-	HIP 70325	Inside the Hull	6.09
122	V767 Cen	HIP 67861	Inside the Hull	6.1
123	302 G. Cen	HIP 68493	Inside the Hull	6.108
124	192 G. Cen	HIP 64557	Inside the Hull	6.147
125	229 G. Cen	HIP 66019	Inside the Hull	6.148
126	-	HR 5034	Inside the Hull	6.153
127	319 G. Cen	HIP 69113	Inside the Hull	6.17
128	198 G. Cen	HIP 64933	Inside the Hull	6.173
129	312 G. Cen	HIP 68872	Inside the Hull	6.176
130	187 G. Cen	HIP 64472	Inside the Hull	6.184
131	-	HIP 67851	Inside the Hull	6.19
132	200 G. Cen	HIP 65108	Inside the Hull	6.193
133	186 G. Cen	HIP 64478	Inside the Hull	6.197
134	V992 Cen	HIP 68842	Inside the Hull	6.204
135	* y Cen A	HIP 67819	Inside the Hull	6.218
136	-	HIP 60861	Inside the Hull	6.22
137	-	HIP 61443	Inside the Hull	6.22
138	V789 Cen	HIP 63820	Inside the Hull	6.249
139	141 G. Cen	HIP 62655	Inside the Hull	6.257
140	222 G. Cen	HIP 65630	Inside the Hull	6.257
141	147 G. Cen	HIP 62821	Inside the Hull	6.262
142	144 G. Cen	HIP 62799	Inside the Hull	6.304
143	332 G. Cen	HIP 69671	Inside the Hull	6.305
144	220 G. Cen	HIP 65606	Inside the Hull	6.31
145	232 G. Cen	HIP 66236	Inside the Hull	6.319
147	347 G. Cen	HIP 70580	Inside the Hull	6.333
148	V883 Cen	HIP 69122	Inside the Hull	6.339
149	279 G. Cen	HIP 67648	Inside the Hull	6.347
150	210 G. Cen	HIP 65303	Inside the Hull	6.36
151	V765 Cen	HIP 66645	Inside the Hull	6.36
152	-	HD 126111	Inside the Hull	6.36
153	354 G. Cen	HIP 71333	Inside the Hull	6.384
154	-	HIP 70320	Inside the Hull	6.39
155	-	HIP 70809	Inside the Hull	6.39
156	329 G. Cen	HIP 69655	Inside the Hull	6.395
157	223 G. Cen	HIP 65621	Inside the Hull	6.405
158	254 G. Cen	HIP 66923	Inside the Hull	6.41
159	V1154 Cen	HIP 63883	Inside the Hull	6.418
160	317 G. Cen	HIP 69011	Inside the Hull	6.418
161	-	HIP 62084	Inside the Hull	6.42
162	263 G. Cen	HIP 67199	Inside the Hull	6.42
163	168 G. Cen	HIP 63849	Inside the Hull	6.426
164	-	HIP 70451	Inside the Hull	6.43
165	-	HIP 67537	Inside the Hull	6.431
166	V827 Cen	HIP 67036	Inside the Hull	6.44
167	-	HR 4764	Inside the Hull	6.45
168	238 G. Cen	HIP 66521	Inside the Hull	6.45
169	-	HIP 65372	Inside the Hull	6.464
170	299 G. Cen	HIP 68413	Inside the Hull	6.469
171	349 G. Cen	HIP 70798	Inside the Hull	6.469
172	237 G. Cen	HIP 66405	Inside the Hull	6.476
173	155 G. Cen	HIP 63204	Inside the Hull	6.485
174	-	HIP 65970	Inside the Hull	6.49
175	-	HIP 67008	Inside the Hull	6.49
176	-	HIP 71494	Inside the Hull	6.49
177	310 G. Cen	HIP 68902	Inside the Hull	6.5
178	-	HIP 65373	Constellation lines	6.77

Additional

Deity.

Numushda — an ancient Sumerian deity associated with the city of Kazallu in northern Babylonia; the name is mentioned already in the lists of gods from Fara (XXVI century B.C.) [Krebernik 1986^[25], 201]. He was considered the son of Nanna and was identified with the god of thunderstorm Adad, as well as with Marduk [Black-Green 1992^[26], 145; Tallqvist 1938^[27], 431].

Previous Identification(s).

= Grus + Indus (the group of stars from α β Sagittarii to α Phoenicis) [Gössmann 1950, 305, I]; Schaumberger's remark, "Numushda is one of the southern constellations; its stars, having hardly appeared, quickly disappear again" [3. Erg.^[28], 286].

= Crane (Grus)(?) [Weidner 1957-59^[29], 75a].

= η Centauri(?) [MA^[17], 138].

= η or κ Centauri [Hunger-Pingree 1999^[21], 274].

= part of Centauri (Centauri) [Beaulieu et al. 2018^[30], 75].

Astrology.

Identifications:

(1) = Venus; DIŠ ^mulNU.MUŠ.DA kal u₄-mi GUB-iz ina GI₆ NU IGI a-bu-bu KUŠ₇-tim GAR-an […] "If Numushda stands all day (and) is not seen at night: a devastating flood will occur [...]" [ACh Suppl.^[31] 2, 78:15, 79:3], see also [3. Erg.^[28], 285; Gössmann^[4] 305, III 1].

(2) = Mercury; DIŠ ^mulNU.MUŠ.DA za-mar i-lam-ma za-mar it-bal BE-ma MUL.MEŠ-šu₂ GIM ka-ra-re-e GAL₂.MEŠ / ^dUDU.IDIM.GU₄.UD IGI-ma TUM₃-ma NU IGI ki-ma ina u₄-mi IGI TUM₃-ma NU IGI / MUL-šu₂ GIM ka-ra-re-e DUG₄.GA ša₂ NU IGI "If Numushda revolves quickly, (then) disappears quickly, if its stars are like the midday Sun, (it means): Mercury appears, disappears and (again) does not appear, when in the daytime it appears, disappears and (again) does not appear, its star is like the noonday Sun; so they say when he does not appear." [ACh Ištar^[31], 28:12-14]; here the identity is assumed: Numushda = Mercury.

(3) Numushda = Marduk = Adad; [DIŠ ^mul]NU.MUŠ.DA ^dAMAR.UTU ^mulNU.MUŠ.DA ^dIM ša₂ ina ^itiBAR₂ ^dIM GU₃-šu₂ ne₂-eḫ "[If] Numushda = Marduk, Numushda = Adad, who is in the month of nisan: Adad has quieted his cry" [ACh Adad^[31], 17:7].

Predictions:

(4) Numushda and the dark star; DIŠ ^mulNU.MUŠ.DA id IM.MER.RA MUL GI₆ ra-kib AN.MI ^dUTU […] "If Numushda (= Venus?) rides to the northern dark star (Mercury or Saturn?): (there will be) a solar eclipse [...]" [ACh Suppl.^[31] 2, 68:16, 69:3].

(5) Numushda approaches the Plow; [DIŠ ^mulNU.MUŠ].DA ana ^mulAPIN TE ^dDil-bat ana ^dGU₄.UD TE-ma […] "[If Numush]da approaches the Plow, (it means): Venus approaches Mercury [...]" [ACh Ištar^[31], 30:17]; for an alternative reading, see (Kurtik a43) ^gišAPIN, VI 2.

See also the corrupted text: ^dAMAR.UTU ša-qu₂-u₂ GUB₃ ^dNu-muš-da […] «Мардук высоко слева от Нумушда (стоит) […], ^mulNu-muš-da ḪUL-ta … […] 'The evil of Numushd ...[...]'" [Rochberg-Halton 1988^[9], 204, VII Rec. B: rev 7, 9].

Historical Dictionaries

Kurtik (2022, n05)
^(mul)Nammaššû
аккадская параллель к ^mulNU.MUŠ.DA, «Стада (диких) животных»(?) [CAD N/1, 233–234], см. n49NU.MUŠ.DA.
Kurtik (2022, n49)	Gössmann (1950)

= nammaššû, букв. «Стада (диких) животных»; созвездие или звезда в пределах Центавра (Centaurus) (?) [CAD N/1, 233ff.; AHw, 728a; Gössmann 1950, 305]. I. Источники. Лексич. тексты. (1) Серия Urra XXII: ^mulnu.muš.da = nam-maš-šu-u₂ [MSL XI, 31, Section 11:4; SpTU III, 114A v 63; Bloch–Horowitz 2015, 111:323ʹ]. (2) Серия Ḫg. B VI: ^[mul]nu.muš.da = na-maš-šu-u₂ = ^dIM [MSL XI, 41:48], ^mulnu.muš.da = (пропуск) = nam-maš-šu-u₂ [SpTU III, 116 iii 17]. EAE. См. [Rochberg-Halton 1988 62, 203–204, EAE 20, VII Rec. B, r. 7, 9]. «Астролябии». Astrolabe P. Месяц шабату, звезды Эа, 160 [Pinches 1900, 575]. Astrolabe B. (1) Cписок (3´12): [^itiziz₂ ^mu]^lnu.muš.da šu-ut ^dE₂-a «[Шабату]: Нумушда (на пути) Эа (восходит)» (C i 11). (2) Список (восход–заход=6m): a) ^itiziz₂ ^mulnu.muš.da ^mulsim.maḫ ^mulDa-mu e₃ «Шабату: Нумушда, Ласточка, Даму восходят» (С 33), b) ^[mul]nu.muš.da ^mulsim.maḫ ^mulDa-mu š[u₂] «(Абу): Нумушда, Ласточка, Даму захо[дят]» [KAV 218, C 22; Horowitz 2014, 40]. BM 82923. Месяц шабату, звезды Эа: ^mulNU.MUŠ.DA // 2,40 // DINGIR.DINGIR ki-lal ^dIM ^dAMAR.UTU «Нумушда // 160 // Оба божества — Адад (и) Мардук» [Walker–Hunger 1977, 30:31]. BM 34713. ^itiziz₂ // 2,40 ^múlnu.muš.da // 1,10 ^múlalla // 35 ^múlti₈^[mušen] «Шабату: 160 Нумушда, 70 Краб, 35 Орел» [LBAT, 1499:11]. «Круглые астролябии». K.14943+: ^itiziz₂.a.an // ^mulnu.muš.d[a] // ˹2,40˺ «(Звезды Эа), шабату, Нумушда, 160» [CT 33, 12]. Звезды Эа, Ану и Энлиля. Список 12 звезд Ea (№ 3): ^mulnu.muš.da [CT 33, 9 r. 16; Horowitz 1998, 176]. MUL.APIN. (1) Звезды Эа (№ 8): MUL ša₂ EGIR-šu₂-nu GUB-zu GIM ^dE₂-a KUR-ḫa / GIM ^dE₂-a ŠU₂^meš ^mulNu-muš-da ^dIM «Звезда, которая стоит позади них (т. е. позади Шуллат и Ханиш), восходит как Эа и заходит как Эа: Нумушда, Адад» (I ii 26–27) [MA, 37]. «Большой список звезд». (1) ^mulnu.muš.da = […], ^mulmin = ^d[…], ^mulmin = ^damar.utu; (2) 12 звезд Элама: ^muln[u.muš.da] [Mesop.Astrol., App. B:130–132, 206]. Список звезд VR 46, 1:44. ^mulnu.muš.da = dingir ša₂-gi-mu «Нумушда = рычащий бог» [HBA, 52:44; Wee 2016, 162–3]. GU-текст. (L) ˹^mulnu.muš.˺da «Нумушда» (κ Cen) [Pingree–Walker 1988, BM 78161:20; Hunger-Pingree 1999, 92], см. также d11DINGIR.KU.A^meš. Храмовый ритуал в Вавилоне. ^múlnu.muš.da muš-tab-ru-u zunni(šeg₃) «Нумушда, дождь продлевающий» [RAcc. 138:312; Linssen 2004, 220, 229]. Анафора. А 3427: ina ^itiziz₂ ina še-rim ud 28 ^múlnu.muš.da ki.min(=meš-ḫa im-šuḫ ZI) «В (месяце) шабату утром 28-го дня Нумушда испускает mišḫu и восходит» [Schaumberger 1955, 238:6], параллель в Sp II 202+: ina ziz₂ ina še-rim 28 ^múlnu.muš.da meš-ḫu im-šuḫ ZI [ibid. 246:25]. См. также: [^mulNU].MUŠ.DA ^d˹E₂˺-[a…] [CT 26, 48, K.11806: 10–11]. II. Божество. Нумушда — древнее шумерское божество, связанное с городом Казаллу на севере Вавилонии; имя упоминается уже в списках богов из Фары (XXVI в. до н.э.) [Krebernik 1986, 201]. Считался сыном Нанны и отождествлялся с богом грозы Ададом, а также с Мардуком [Black–Green 1992, 145; Tallqvist 1938, 431]. III. Отождествление. = Grus + Indus (группа звезд от α β Sagittarii до α Phoenicis) [Gössmann 1950, 305, I]; замечание Шаумбергера: «Нумушда — одно из южных созвездий; его звезды, едва появившись, быстро опять исчезают» [3. Erg., 286]. = Журавль (Grus)(?) [Weidner 1957–59, 75a]. = η Centauri(?) [MA, 138]. = η или κ Centauri [Hunger-Pingree 1999, 274]. = часть Центавра (Centauri) [Beaulieu et al. 2018, 75]. IV. Астрология. Отождествления: (1) = Венера; DIŠ ^mulNU.MUŠ.DA kal u₄-mi GUB-iz ina GI₆ NU IGI a-bu-bu KUŠ₇-tim GAR-an […] «Если Нумушда весь день стоит (и) ночью не виден: потоп опустошительный произойдет […]» [ACh Suppl. 2, 78:15, 79:3], см. также [3. Erg., 285; Gössmann 1950, 305, III 1]. (2) = Меркурий; DIŠ ^mulNU.MUŠ.DA za-mar i-lam-ma za-mar it-bal BE-ma MUL.MEŠ-šu₂ GIM ka-ra-re-e GAL₂.MEŠ / ^dUDU.IDIM.GU₄.UD IGI-ma TUM₃-ma NU IGI ki-ma ina u₄-mi IGI TUM₃-ma NU IGI / MUL-šu₂ GIM ka-ra-re-e DUG₄.GA ša₂ NU IGI «Если Нумушда быстро вращается, (затем) быстро исчезает, если звезды его подобны полуденному Солнцу, (это означает): Меркурий появляется, исчезает и (вновь) не появляется, когда днем появляется, исчезает и (вновь) не появляется, звезда его подобна полуденному Солнцу; так говорят, когда он не появляется» [ACh Ištar, 28:12–14]; здесь предполагается тождество: Нумушда = Меркурий. (3) Нумушда = Мардук = Адад; [DIŠ ^mul]NU.MUŠ.DA ^dAMAR.UTU ^mulNU.MUŠ.DA ^dIM ša₂ ina ^itiBAR₂ ^dIM GU₃-šu₂ ne₂-eḫ «[Если] Нумушда = Мардук, Нумушда = Адад, который в месяце нисану: Адад крик свой усмирил» [ACh Adad, 17:7]. Предсказания: (4) Нумушда и темная звезда; DIŠ ^mulNU.MUŠ.DA id IM.MER.RA MUL GI₆ ra-kib AN.MI ^dUTU […] «Если Нумушда (= Венера?) к северу темную звезду (Меркурий или Сатурн?) оседлал: (будет) солнечное затмение […]» [ACh Suppl. 2, 68:16, 69:3]. (5) Нумушда к Плугу приближается; [DIŠ ^mulNU.MUŠ].DA ana ^mulAPIN TE ^dDil-bat ana ^dGU₄.UD TE-ma […] «[Если Нумуш]да к Плугу приближается, (это означает): Венера к Меркурию приближается […]» [ACh Ištar, 30:17]; альтернативное прочтение см. a43^gišAPIN, VI 2. См. также поврежденный текст: ^dAMAR.UTU ša-qu₂-u₂ GUB₃ ^dNu-muš-da […] «Мардук высоко слева от Нумушда (стоит) […], ^mulNu-muš-da ḪUL-ta … […] «Зло Нумушда …[…]» [Rochberg-Halton 1988, 204, VII Rec. B: rev 7, 9].	Example

References

Kurtik's references

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. Chicago - Glückstadt, 1956 -...
↑ Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0, All Skies Encyclopaedia.
↑ Soden von W. Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. Wiesbaden, 1985.
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 Gössmann P.F. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).
↑ Hoffmann, S. M. and Krebernik, M. (2023). What do deities tell us about the celestial positioning system, in: R. Rollinger, I. Madreiter, M. Lang, C. Pappi (eds.). The Intellectual Heritage of the Ancient Near East, Papers held at the 64th Rencontre Assyriologique International and 12th Melammu Symposium July 16-20 2018, Innsbruck. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 539-579
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 Špätbabylonische Texte aus Uruk. Teil III / Bearb. von Weiher E. von. Berlin, 1988.
↑ Materials for the Sumerian Lexicon. Vol. XI. The Series HAR-ra = hubullu. Tablets XX-XXIV. Ed. by E.Reiner with the coll. of M.Civil. Roma, 1974.
↑ Bloch Y. and W. Horowitz (2015): “Urra = hubullu XXII: The Standard Recension,” with Y. Bloch, Journal of Cuneiform Studies 67: 71-125.
↑ ^9.0 ^9.1 ^9.2 Rochberg-Halton F. Aspect of Babylonian Celestial Divination: The Lunar Eclipse Tablets of Enuma Anu Enlil. Horn, 1988 (AfO, Beiheft 22).
↑ Pinches T.G. Review of R.Brown. Researches into the Origin of the Primitive Constellations of the Greeks, Phoenicians, and Babylonians. Vol. 2. London, 1900 // JRAS. 1900. P. 571-577.
↑ Schroeder O. Keilschrifttexte aus Assur verschiedenen Inhalts. Leipzig, 1920.
↑ Horowitz, W. (2014), The three stars each: the Astrolabes and related texts, Archiv für Orientforschung AfO Beiheft, 33.
↑ Walker C.B.F., Hunger H. Zwölfmaldrei // MDOG. 1977. Bd. 109. S. 27-34.
↑ A. Sachs, T. Pinches, J. Strassmaier, Late Babylonian Astronomical and Related Texts, London, 1955.
↑ ^15.0 ^15.1 ^15.2 Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets in the British Museum.
↑ Horowitz W. Mesopotamian Cosmic Geography. Winona Lake, 1998 (Mesopotamian Civilisation, 8).
↑ ^17.0 ^17.1 Hunger, H. and Steele, J. M. (2019). The Babylonian Astronomical Compendium MUL.APIN, Routledge, NY
↑ Koch-Westenholz U. Mesopotamian Astrology. Copenhagen, Museum Tusculanum Press. 1995.
↑ Weidner E. Handbuch der babylonischen Astronomie. Bd. I. Leipzig, 1915.
↑ Wee, J. (2016). Virtual Moons over Babylonia: The Calendar Text System, Its Micro-Zodiac of 13, and the Making of Medical Zodiology. The Circulation of Astronomical Knowledge in the Ancient World, Ed. J. M. Steele, 139–229.
↑ ^21.0 ^21.1 Hunger H., Pingree D. Astral Sciences in Mesopotamia. Leiden-Boston-Köln, 1999.
↑ Thureau-Dansin F. Rittuels accadiens. Paris, 1921.
↑ Linssen, Marc J.H. The Cults of Uruk and Babylon : The Temple Ritual Texts as Evidence for Hellenistic Cult Practises. Vol. 25. Cuneiform Monographs. Leiden, Boston : Brill, Styx. 2004.
↑ ^24.0 ^24.1 Schaumberger J. Anaphora und Aufgangskalender in neuen Ziqpu-Texten // ZA. 1955. Bd. 55 (N.F. 17). S. 237-251.
↑ Krebernik M. Die Götterlisten aus Fāra // ZA. 1986. Bd. 76, Halbband II. S. 161-204.
↑ Black J., Green A. Gods, Demons and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia. An Illustrated Dictionary. London, British Museum Press, 1992.
↑ Tallqvist K. Akkadische Götterepitheta. Helsingforsiae, 1938.
↑ ^28.0 ^28.1 Kugler F.X. Sternkunde und Sterndienst in Babel. 3.Ergänzungsheft zum ersten und zweiten Buch von J.Schaumberger. Münster, 1935.
↑ Weidner E. mul gir₂.tab = zuqaqîpi // AfO. 1957-1958. Bd. 18. S. 393-394].
↑ Beaulieu, P.-A., Frahm, E., Horowitz, W. & Steele, J. (2018), The Cuneiform Uranology Texts: Drawing the Constellations, American Philosophical Society Press, Philadelphia, USA.
↑ ^31.0 ^31.1 ^31.2 ^31.3 ^31.4 Ch. Virolleaud, L'astrologie chaldéenne S(in); Shamasz; Isht(ar); Adad; S/Supp. = Supplément; SS / 2.Supp. = Second Supplément (Paris 1905 - 1912)

[:0-1] 1.0 ^1.1 The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. Chicago - Glückstadt, 1956 -...

[2] Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0, All Skies Encyclopaedia.

[3] Soden von W. Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. Wiesbaden, 1985.

[:2-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Gössmann P.F. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).

[5] Hoffmann, S. M. and Krebernik, M. (2023). What do deities tell us about the celestial positioning system, in: R. Rollinger, I. Madreiter, M. Lang, C. Pappi (eds.). The Intellectual Heritage of the Ancient Near East, Papers held at the 64th Rencontre Assyriologique International and 12th Melammu Symposium July 16-20 2018, Innsbruck. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 539-579

[:1-6] 6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 Špätbabylonische Texte aus Uruk. Teil III / Bearb. von Weiher E. von. Berlin, 1988.

[7] Materials for the Sumerian Lexicon. Vol. XI. The Series HAR-ra = hubullu. Tablets XX-XXIV. Ed. by E.Reiner with the coll. of M.Civil. Roma, 1974.

[8] Bloch Y. and W. Horowitz (2015): “Urra = hubullu XXII: The Standard Recension,” with Y. Bloch, Journal of Cuneiform Studies 67: 71-125.

[:3-9] 9.0 ^9.1 ^9.2 Rochberg-Halton F. Aspect of Babylonian Celestial Divination: The Lunar Eclipse Tablets of Enuma Anu Enlil. Horn, 1988 (AfO, Beiheft 22).

[10] Pinches T.G. Review of R.Brown. Researches into the Origin of the Primitive Constellations of the Greeks, Phoenicians, and Babylonians. Vol. 2. London, 1900 // JRAS. 1900. P. 571-577.

[11] Schroeder O. Keilschrifttexte aus Assur verschiedenen Inhalts. Leipzig, 1920.

[12] Horowitz, W. (2014), The three stars each: the Astrolabes and related texts, Archiv für Orientforschung AfO Beiheft, 33.

[13] Walker C.B.F., Hunger H. Zwölfmaldrei // MDOG. 1977. Bd. 109. S. 27-34.

[14] A. Sachs, T. Pinches, J. Strassmaier, Late Babylonian Astronomical and Related Texts, London, 1955.

[:4-15] 15.0 ^15.1 ^15.2 Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets in the British Museum.

[16] Horowitz W. Mesopotamian Cosmic Geography. Winona Lake, 1998 (Mesopotamian Civilisation, 8).

[:5-17] 17.0 ^17.1 Hunger, H. and Steele, J. M. (2019). The Babylonian Astronomical Compendium MUL.APIN, Routledge, NY

[18] Koch-Westenholz U. Mesopotamian Astrology. Copenhagen, Museum Tusculanum Press. 1995.

[19] Weidner E. Handbuch der babylonischen Astronomie. Bd. I. Leipzig, 1915.

[20] Wee, J. (2016). Virtual Moons over Babylonia: The Calendar Text System, Its Micro-Zodiac of 13, and the Making of Medical Zodiology. The Circulation of Astronomical Knowledge in the Ancient World, Ed. J. M. Steele, 139–229.

[:6-21] 21.0 ^21.1 Hunger H., Pingree D. Astral Sciences in Mesopotamia. Leiden-Boston-Köln, 1999.

[22] Thureau-Dansin F. Rittuels accadiens. Paris, 1921.

[23] Linssen, Marc J.H. The Cults of Uruk and Babylon : The Temple Ritual Texts as Evidence for Hellenistic Cult Practises. Vol. 25. Cuneiform Monographs. Leiden, Boston : Brill, Styx. 2004.

[:7-24] 24.0 ^24.1 Schaumberger J. Anaphora und Aufgangskalender in neuen Ziqpu-Texten // ZA. 1955. Bd. 55 (N.F. 17). S. 237-251.

[25] Krebernik M. Die Götterlisten aus Fāra // ZA. 1986. Bd. 76, Halbband II. S. 161-204.

[26] Black J., Green A. Gods, Demons and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia. An Illustrated Dictionary. London, British Museum Press, 1992.

[27] Tallqvist K. Akkadische Götterepitheta. Helsingforsiae, 1938.

[:8-28] 28.0 ^28.1 Kugler F.X. Sternkunde und Sterndienst in Babel. 3.Ergänzungsheft zum ersten und zweiten Buch von J.Schaumberger. Münster, 1935.

[29] Weidner E. mul gir₂.tab = zuqaqîpi // AfO. 1957-1958. Bd. 18. S. 393-394].

[30] Beaulieu, P.-A., Frahm, E., Horowitz, W. & Steele, J. (2018), The Cuneiform Uranology Texts: Drawing the Constellations, American Philosophical Society Press, Philadelphia, USA.

[:9-31] 31.0 ^31.1 ^31.2 ^31.3 ^31.4 Ch. Virolleaud, L'astrologie chaldéenne S(in); Shamasz; Isht(ar); Adad; S/Supp. = Supplément; SS / 2.Supp. = Second Supplément (Paris 1905 - 1912)

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Contents

Concordance, Etymology, History^[2]

Sources and Identification(s)

Stars within the Constellation Area

Additional

Deity.

Previous Identification(s).

Astrology.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-<sup>mul / d</sup>NU.MUŠ.DA (𒀯𒉡𒈲𒁕) is an ancient Mesopotamian constellation within [[Centaurus|The Centaur]] (Centaurus). Akkadian parallel to <sup>(mul)</sup>''Nammaššû'', "Herds of (wild) animals"(?) [CAD<ref name=":0">''The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.'' Chicago - Glückstadt, 1956 -...</ref> N/1, 233-234].
+[[File:Numushda Cen.jpg|thumb|NU.MUŠ.DA as a deity in the area of modern Centaurus which is in the southern Milky Way (Susanne M Hoffmann in Stellarium).]]
-==Concordance, Etymology, History==
+<sup>mul / d</sup>NU.MUŠ.DA (𒀯𒉡𒈲𒁕) is an ancient Mesopotamian constellation within The Centaur ([[Centaurus]]). Akkadian parallel to <sup>(mul)</sup>''Nammaššû'', "Herds of (wild) animals"(?) [CAD<ref name=":0">''The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.'' Chicago - Glückstadt, 1956 -...</ref> N/1, 233-234].  The Akkadian name makes note of the fact that the area of this asterism is in the Milky Way and so covers a multitude of stars (see the list [[NU.MUŠ.DA#Stars within the Constellation Area|below]]).
+==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==
-=== Krebernik (2023) ===
+= ''nammaššû'', lit. "Herds of (wild) animals";  (?) [CAD<ref name=":0" /> N/1, 233ff.; AHw<ref>''Soden von W''. Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. Wiesbaden, 1985.</ref>, 728a; Gössmann<ref name=":2">''Gössmann P.F''. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).</ref> 305].
-The god <sup>d</sup>''Nu-muš-da'', city god of ''Kazallu'', is a son of the moon god ''Nanna''/''Sîn''. Spellings of the star name often omit the determinative for deities. According to Hh, the reading of the star name is ''nammaššû'' “herds of animals” (see SpTU III<ref name=":1">''Špätbabylonische Texte aus Uruk.'' Teil III / Bearb. von Weiher E. von. Berlin, 1988.</ref> nr. 114 iv 127). Therefore, the sumerogram could be based on folk etymology. 5R 46: 44 gives the reading/explanation <sup>d</sup>''Ša-gi-mu'' “The Roaring (god)”. MUL <sup>d</sup>NU.MUŠ.DA (EA 8r).
-=== Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim ===
+Hoffmann and Krebernik (2023):<ref>Hoffmann, S. M. and Krebernik, M. (2023). What do deities tell us about the celestial positioning system, in: R. Rollinger, I. Madreiter, M. Lang, C. Pappi (eds.). The Intellectual Heritage of the Ancient Near East, Papers held at the 64th Rencontre Assyriologique International and 12th Melammu Symposium July 16-20 2018, Innsbruck. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 539-579</ref> <blockquote>The god <sup>d</sup>''Nu-muš-da'', city god of ''Kazallu'', is a son of the moon god ''Nanna''/''Sîn''. Spellings of the star name often omit the determinative for deities. According to Hh, the reading of the star name is ''nammaššû'' “herds of animals” (see SpTU III<ref name=":1" /> nr. 114 iv 127). Therefore, the sumerogram could be based on folk etymology. 5R 46: 44 gives the reading/explanation <sup>d</sup>''Ša-gi-mu'' “The Roaring (god)”. MUL <sup>d</sup>NU.MUŠ.DA (EA 8r).</blockquote>
-= ''nammaššû'', lit. "Herds of (wild) animals";  (?) [CAD<ref name=":0" /> N/1, 233ff.; AHw<ref>''Soden von W''. Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. Wiesbaden, 1985.</ref>, 728a; Gössmann<ref name=":2">''Gössmann P.F''. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).</ref> 305].
 ==== Sources and Identification(s) ====
@@ Line 15: / Line 13: @@
 |-
 |'''Lexical texts.'''
-* (1) Urra XXII series: <sup>mul</sup>nu.muš.da = ''nam-maš-šu-u''<sub>2</sub> [MSL XI<ref>''Materials for the Sumerian Lexicon''. Vol. XI. The Series HAR-ra = ''hubullu.'' Tablets XX-XXIV. Ed. by E.Reiner with the coll. of M.Civil. Roma, 1974.</ref>, 31, Section 11:4; SpTU III<ref name=":1" />, 114A v 63; Bloch-Horowitz 2015<ref>Bloch Y. and W. Horowitz (2015):  “Urra = hubullu XXII: The Standard Recension,” with Y. Bloch, Journal of Cuneiform Studies 67: 71-125.</ref>, 111:323ʹ].
+* (1) Urra XXII series: <sup>mul</sup>nu.muš.da = ''nam-maš-šu-u''<sub>2</sub> [MSL XI<ref>''Materials for the Sumerian Lexicon''. Vol. XI. The Series HAR-ra = ''hubullu.'' Tablets XX-XXIV. Ed. by E.Reiner with the coll. of M.Civil. Roma, 1974.</ref>, 31, Section 11:4; SpTU III<ref name=":1">''Špätbabylonische Texte aus Uruk.'' Teil III / Bearb. von Weiher E. von. Berlin, 1988.</ref>, 114A v 63; Bloch-Horowitz 2015<ref>Bloch Y. and W. Horowitz (2015):  “Urra = hubullu XXII: The Standard Recension,” with Y. Bloch, Journal of Cuneiform Studies 67: 71-125.</ref>, 111:323ʹ].
 * (2) Series Ḫg. B VI: <sup>[mul]</sup>nu.muš.da = ''na-maš-šu-u''<sub>2</sub> = <sup>d</sup>IM [MSL XI, 41:48], <sup>mul</sup>nu.muš.da = (skip) = ''nam-maš-šu-u''<sub>2</sub> [SpTU III<ref name=":1" />, 116 iii 17].
 |
 |-
 |'''EAE.'''
-See. [ABCD<ref name=":3">''Rochberg-Halton F''. Aspect of Babylonian Celestial Divination: The Lunar Eclipse Tablets of Enuma Anu Enlil. Horn, 1988 (AfO, Beiheft 22).</ref> 62, 203-204, EAE 20, VII Rec. B, r. 7, 9].
+See. [Rochberg-Halton 1988<ref name=":3">''Rochberg-Halton F''. Aspect of Babylonian Celestial Divination: The Lunar Eclipse Tablets of Enuma Anu Enlil. Horn, 1988 (AfO, Beiheft 22).</ref> 62, 203-204, EAE 20, VII Rec. B, r. 7, 9].
 |
 |-
@@ Line 47: / Line 45: @@
 |-
 |'''"Round astrolabes."'''
-* K.14943+: <sup>iti</sup>ziz<sub>2</sub>.a.an // <sup>mul</sup>nu.muš.d[a] // ˹2,40˺ "(Stars of Ea), Shabbat, Numushda, 160" [CT<ref name=":4">''Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets in the British Museum.''</ref> 33, 12].
+* K.14943+:
+** <sup>iti</sup>ziz<sub>2</sub>.a.an // <sup>mul</sup>nu.muš.d[a] // ˹2,40˺
+** "(Stars of Ea), Shabbat, Numushda, 160" [CT<ref name=":4">''Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets in the British Museum.''</ref> 33, 12].
 |
 |-
 |'''The stars of Ea, Anu, and Enlil.'''
-List of the 12 stars of Ea (no. 3): <sup>mul</sup>nu.muš.da [CT<ref name=":4" /> 33, 9 r. 16; MCG<ref>''Horowitz W''. Mesopotamian Cosmic Geography. Winona Lake, 1998 (Mesopotamian Civilisation, 8).</ref>, 176].
+List of the 12 stars of Ea (no. 3): <sup>mul</sup>nu.muš.da [CT<ref name=":4" /> 33, 9 r. 16; Horowitz 1998<ref>''Horowitz W''. Mesopotamian Cosmic Geography. Winona Lake, 1998 (Mesopotamian Civilisation, 8).</ref>, 176].
 |
 |-
 |'''MUL.APIN.'''
 * (1) Stars of Ea (no. 8):  MUL ''ša''<sub>2</sub> EGIR-''šu''<sub>2</sub>-''nu'' GUB-''zu'' GIM <sup>d</sup>E<sub>2</sub>-''a'' KUR-''ḫa'' / GIM <sup>d</sup>E<sub>2</sub>-''a'' ŠU<sub>2</sub><sup>meš</sup> <sup>mul</sup>''Nu-muš-da'' <sup>d</sup>IM "The star that stands behind them (i.e., behind Shullat and Hanish) rises like Ea and sets like Ea: Numushda, Adad" (I ii 26-27) [MA<ref name=":5">Hunger, H. and Steele, J. M. (2019). The Babylonian Astronomical Compendium MUL.APIN, Routledge, NY</ref>, 37].
-|
+|[[File:Numushda Cen.jpg|thumb|NU.MUŠ.DA as a deity in the area of modern Centaurus which is in the southern Milky Way (Susanne M Hoffmann in Stellarium).]]
 |-
 |'''"Great Star List and Miscellenia."'''
@@ Line 69: / Line 69: @@
 |'''GU text.'''
-* (L) ˹<sup>mul</sup>nu.muš.˺da "Numushda" (κ Cen) [Pingree-Walker 1988<ref name=":3" />, BM 78161:20; ASM<ref name=":6">''Hunger H., Pingree D.'' Astral Sciences in Mesopotamia. Leiden-Boston-Köln, 1999.</ref>, 92], see also (Kurtik d11) [[DINGIR.KU.A|DINGIR.KU.A<sup>meš</sup>]].
+* (L) ˹<sup>mul</sup>nu.muš.˺da "Numushda" (κ Cen) [Pingree-Walker 1988<ref name=":3" />, BM 78161:20; Hunger-Pingree 1999<ref name=":6">''Hunger H., Pingree D.'' Astral Sciences in Mesopotamia. Leiden-Boston-Köln, 1999.</ref>, 92], see also (Kurtik d11) [[DINGIR.KU.A|DINGIR.KU.A<sup>meš</sup>]].
 |
 |-
@@ Line 80: / Line 80: @@
 |
 |}
+[[File:Numushda CH Screenshot 2025-11-30 191954.png|thumb|Convex Hull for the stars inside Numushda (CC BY Youla Azkarrula).]]
 ====Stars within the Constellation Area====
@@ Line 94: / Line 95: @@
 |[[Rigil Kentaurus]]
 |HIP 71683
-|within constellation lines
+|Constellation lines (Vertex)
 | 0.01
 |-
@@ Line 100: / Line 101: @@
 |[[Hadar]]
 |HIP 68702
-| within constellation lines
+| Constellation lines
 | 0.58
 |-
@@ Line 106: / Line 107: @@
 |[[Acrux]]
 |HIP 60718
-|within constellation lines
+|Constellation lines (Vertex)
 | 0.76
 |-
@@ Line 124: / Line 125: @@
 | [[Gacrux]]
 |HIP 61084
-|within constellation lines
+|Constellation lines (Vertex)
 | 1.64
 |-
@@ Line 130: / Line 131: @@
 |[[Menkent]]
 |HIP 68933
-|within constellation lines
+|Constellation lines
 |2.05
 |-
@@ Line 136: / Line 137: @@
 | γ Centauri
 |HIP 61932
-|Inside the Hull
+|Constellation lines
 |2.17
 |-
@@ Line 142: / Line 143: @@
 |ϵ Centauri
 |HIP 66657
-|within constellation lines
+|Constellation lines
 |2.3
 |-
@@ Line 148: / Line 149: @@
 |η Centauri
 |HIP 71352
-|within constellation lines
+|Constellation lines (Vertex)
 | 2.31
 |-
@@ Line 154: / Line 155: @@
 |[[Leepwal]]
 |HIP 68002
-|within constellation lines
+|Constellation lines
 |2.55
 |-
@@ Line 160: / Line 161: @@
 |[[Kulou]]
 |HIP 65109
-|within constellation lines
+|Constellation lines
 |2.73
 |-
@@ Line 166: / Line 167: @@
 |* gam Cen A
 |HIP 61932
-|Inside the Hull
+|Constellation lines
 |2.82
 |-
@@ Line 172: / Line 173: @@
 |* gam Cen B
 |HIP 61932
-|within constellation lines
+|Constellation lines (Vertex)
 |2.88
 |-
@@ Line 238: / Line 239: @@
 |1 Cen
 |HIP 67153
-|within constellation lines
+|Constellation lines (Vertex)
 |4.23
 |-
@@ Line 244: / Line 245: @@
 |n Cen
 |HIP 62896
-|within constellation lines
+|Constellation lines (Vertex)
 |4.27
 |-
@@ Line 253: / Line 254: @@
 | 4.27
 |-
-| 28
+|28
+|e Cen
+|HIP 62867
+|Inside the Hull
+|4.33
+|-
+| 29
 |υ 2 Centauri
 |HIP 68523
@@ Line 259: / Line 266: @@
 |4.33
 |-
-|29
+|30
 |χ Centauri
 |HIP 68862
@@ Line 265: / Line 272: @@
 | 4.343
 |-
-|30
+|31
 |v Cen
 |HIP 70069
@@ Line 271: / Line 278: @@
 |4.35
 |-
-| 31
+| 32
 |τ 2 Lupi
 |HIP 70576
@@ Line 277: / Line 284: @@
 |4.35
 |-
-|32
+|33
 |σ Lupi
 |HIP 71121
@@ Line 283: / Line 290: @@
 |4.423
 |-
-|33
+|34
 |J Cen
 |HIP 65271
@@ Line 289: / Line 296: @@
 |4.509
 |-
-|34
+|35
+|* 3 Cen A
+|HIP 67669
+|Constellation lines (Vertex)
+|4.52
+|-
+|36
 |τ 1 Lupi
 | HIP 70574
@@ Line 295: / Line 308: @@
 | 4.553
 |-
-|35
+|37
 |V831 Cen
 |HIP 64425
@@ Line 301: / Line 314: @@
 | 4.593
 |-
-|36
+|38
+|λ Crucis
+|HIP 63007
+|Inside the hull
+|4.602
+|-
+|39
+| -
+|HIP 62327
+|Inside the hull
+|4.62
+|-
+|40
 |M Cen
 |HIP 67234
@@ Line 307: / Line 332: @@
 |4.632
 |-
-|37
+|41
+|w Cen
+|HIP 62012
+|Inside the Hull
+|4.66
+|-
+|42
+|ι Crucis
+|HIP 62268
+|Inside the Hull
+|4.686
+|-
+|43
 |f Cen
 | HIP 63945
@@ Line 313: / Line 350: @@
 |4.691
 |-
-|38
+|44
 |321 G. Cen
 |HIP 69191
@@ Line 319: / Line 356: @@
 |4.736
 |-
-|39
+|45
 | -
 | HIP 70104
@@ Line 325: / Line 362: @@
 |4.77
 |-
-|40
+|46
 |ξ 1 Centauri
 |HIP 63724
@@ Line 331: / Line 368: @@
 |4.826
 |-
-|41
+|47
 |185 G. Cen
 |HIP 64408
@@ Line 337: / Line 374: @@
 |4.85
 |-
-|42
+|48
 |191 G. Cen
 |HIP 64583
@@ Line 343: / Line 380: @@
 |4.93
 |-
-|43
+|49
+|CH Cru
+|HIP 61966
+|Inside the Hull
+|4.94
+|-
+|50
 |340 G. Cen
 |HIP 70264
@@ Line 349: / Line 392: @@
 |4.94
 |-
-|44
+|51
 |K Cen
 |HIP 65810
@@ Line 355: / Line 398: @@
 |5.03
 |-
-|45
+|52
 |V795 Cen
 |HIP 69618
@@ Line 361: / Line 404: @@
 |5.07
 |-
-|46
+|53
 |217 G. Cen
 |HIP 65535
@@ Line 367: / Line 410: @@
 |5.09
 |-
-|47
+|54
 |z Cen
 |HIP 67244
-|within constellation lines
+|Constellation lines
 |5.147
-|-
-|48
-| -
-|HIP 65373
-|within constellation lines
-| -
-|-
-|49
-| -
-|HIP 67669
-|within constellation lines
-| -
-|-
-|50
-|e Cen
-|HIP 62867
-| Inside the Hull
-|4.33
-|-
-|51
-|λ Crucis
-| HIP 63007
-|Inside the Hull
-|4.602
-|-
-|52
-| -
-| HIP 62327
-|Inside the Hull
-| 4.62
-|-
-|53
-|w Cen
-|HIP 62012
-|Inside the Hull
-|4.66
-|-
-|54
-| ι Crucis
-|HIP 62268
-|Inside the Hull
-|4.686
 |-
 |55
-|CH Cru
-|HIP 61966
-|Inside the Hull
-|4.94
-|-
-| 56
 |H Cen
 |HIP 63210
-|Inside the Hull
+|Inside the hull
 |5.159
 |-
-|57
+|56
 |μ 2 Crucis
 |HIP 63005
-|Inside the Hull
+|Inside the hull
 |5.2
 |-
-|58
+|57
 | * Q Cen A
 |HIP 66821
@@ Line 439: / Line 434: @@
 |5.217
 |-
-|59
+|58
 |182 G. Cen
 |HIP 64348
@@ Line 445: / Line 440: @@
 |5.231
 |-
-|60
+|59
 |N Cen
 |HIP 67703
@@ Line 451: / Line 446: @@
 |5.257
 |-
-|61
+|60
 | -
 |HIP 63117
@@ Line 457: / Line 452: @@
 |5.32
 |-
-|62
+|61
 |251 G. Cen
 |HIP 66849
@@ Line 463: / Line 458: @@
 |5.372
 |-
-|63
+|62
 | -
 |HIP 70931
@@ Line 469: / Line 464: @@
 |5.376
 |-
-|64
+|63
 |V964 Cen
 |HIP 65112
@@ Line 475: / Line 470: @@
 |5.443
 |-
-|65
+|64
 |152 G. Cen
 |HIP 63066
@@ Line 481: / Line 476: @@
 |5.445
 |-
-|66
+|65
 |269 G. Cen
 |HIP 67304
@@ Line 487: / Line 482: @@
 |5.446
 |-
-|67
+|66
 | -
 |HIP 70915
@@ Line 493: / Line 488: @@
 | 5.5
 |-
-|68
+|67
 |NGC 5662
 |NGC 5662
@@ Line 499: / Line 494: @@
 |5.5
 |-
-|69
+|68
 |BG Cru
 |HIP 61136
@@ Line 505: / Line 500: @@
 | 5.53
 |-
-|70
+|69
 | -
 |HIP 71419
@@ Line 511: / Line 506: @@
 | 5.55
 |-
-|71
+|70
 |324 G. Cen
 |HIP 69462
@@ Line 517: / Line 512: @@
 |5.575
 |-
-| 72
+| 71
 |172 G. Cen
 |HIP 63972
@@ Line 523: / Line 518: @@
 |5.588
 |-
-|73
+|72
 |NGC 5460
 | NGC 5460
@@ Line 529: / Line 524: @@
 |5.6
 |-
-|74
+|73
 |248 G. Cen
 |HIP 66656
@@ Line 535: / Line 530: @@
 |5.603
 |-
-|75
+|74
 |330 G. Cen
 |HIP 69598
@@ Line 541: / Line 536: @@
 |5.613
 |-
-|76
+|75
 |221 G. Cen
 |HIP 65593
@@ Line 547: / Line 542: @@
 |5.656
 |-
-|77
+|76
 | -
 | HIP 70054
@@ Line 553: / Line 548: @@
 |5.66
 |-
-|78
+|77
 |177 G. Cen
 |HIP 64053
@@ Line 559: / Line 554: @@
 |5.698
 |-
-|79
+|78
 |142 G. Cen
 |HIP 62703
@@ Line 565: / Line 560: @@
 |5.7
 |-
-|80
+|79
 |288 G. Cen
 |HIP 67973
@@ Line 571: / Line 566: @@
 |5.71
 |-
-|81
+|80
 |DS Cru
 |HIP 62732
@@ Line 577: / Line 572: @@
 | 5.72
 |-
-|82
+|81
 |205 G. Cen
 |HIP 65144
@@ Line 583: / Line 578: @@
 |5.742
 |-
-|83
+|82
 |278 G. Cen
 | HIP 67663
@@ Line 589: / Line 584: @@
 |5.752
 |-
-| 84
+| 83
 | -
 |HIP 62894
@@ Line 595: / Line 590: @@
 |5.77
 |-
-|85
+|84
 |181 G. Cen
 |HIP 64332
@@ Line 601: / Line 596: @@
 |5.772
 |-
-|86
+|85
 |196 G. Cen
 |HIP 64822
@@ Line 607: / Line 602: @@
 | 5.803
 |-
-|87
+|86
 | -
 |HIP 70663
@@ Line 613: / Line 608: @@
 |5.811
 |-
-|88
+|87
 |293 G. Cen
 |HIP 68079
@@ Line 619: / Line 614: @@
 |5.815
 |-
-| 89
+| 88
 |193 G. Cen
 |HIP 64623
@@ Line 625: / Line 620: @@
 |5.831
 |-
-|90
+|89
 | -
 | HIP 71182
@@ Line 631: / Line 626: @@
 |5.87
 |-
-|91
+|90
 | -
 |HIP 71184
@@ Line 637: / Line 632: @@
 |5.87
 |-
-| 92
+| 91
 |283 G. Cen
 |HIP 67836
@@ Line 643: / Line 638: @@
 |5.873
 |-
-|93
+|92
 |239 G. Cen
 |HIP 66454
@@ Line 649: / Line 644: @@
 |5.889
 |-
-|94
+|93
 |151 G. Cen
 |HIP 63033
@@ Line 655: / Line 650: @@
 |5.89
 |-
-|95
+|94
 |189 G. Cen
 |HIP 64515
@@ Line 661: / Line 656: @@
 |5.9
 |-
-|96
+|95
 |190 G. Cen
 |HIP 64580
@@ Line 667: / Line 662: @@
 | 5.9
 |-
-|97
+|96
 |148 G. Cen
 |HIP 62861
@@ Line 673: / Line 668: @@
 |5.908
 |-
-| 98
+| 97
 |209 G. Cen
 |HIP 65247
@@ Line 679: / Line 674: @@
 | 5.91
 |-
-|99
+|98
 |268 G. Cen
 |HIP 67292
@@ Line 685: / Line 680: @@
 |5.91
 |-
-|100
+|99
 | -
 |HIP 66438A
@@ Line 691: / Line 686: @@
 |5.92
 |-
-|101
+|100
 |305 G. Cen
 |HIP 68670
@@ Line 697: / Line 692: @@
 |5.923
 |-
-|102
+|101
 | 298 G. Cen
 |HIP 68333
@@ Line 703: / Line 698: @@
 |5.927
 |-
-| 103
+| 102
 | κ Crucis
 |HIP 62931
@@ Line 709: / Line 704: @@
 |5.94
 |-
-|104
+|103
 |256 G. Cen
 |HIP 66924
@@ Line 715: / Line 710: @@
 |5.956
 |-
-|105
+|104
 |236 G. Cen
 |HIP 66427
@@ Line 721: / Line 716: @@
 |5.957
 |-
-|106
+|105
 |V869 Cen
 |HIP 69174
@@ Line 727: / Line 722: @@
 |5.961
 |-
-|107
+|106
 |258 G. Cen
 | HIP 66984
 |Inside the Hull
 |5.97
+|-
+|107
+|* 3 Cen B
+|HIP 67669
+|Constellation lines (Vertex)
+|5.98
 |-
 |108
@@ Line 960: / Line 961: @@
 |Inside the Hull
 |6.319
-|-
-|146
-|* y Cen B
-|HIP 61932
-|Inside the Hull
-|6.33
 |-
 |147
@@ Line 1,152: / Line 1,147: @@
 |Inside the Hull
 |6.5
+|-
+|178
+| -
+|HIP 65373
+|Constellation lines
+|6.77
 |}
 === Additional ===
-==== II. Deity. ====
+==== Deity. ====
            Numushda — an ancient Sumerian deity associated with the city of Kazallu in northern Babylonia; the name is mentioned already in the lists of gods from Fara (XXVI century B.C.) [Krebernik 1986<ref>''Krebernik M.'' Die Götterlisten aus Fāra // ZA. 1986. Bd. 76, Halbband II. S. 161-204.</ref>, 201]. He was considered the son of Nanna and was identified with the god of thunderstorm Adad, as well as with Marduk [Black-Green 1992<ref>''Black J., Green A.'' Gods, Demons and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia. An Illustrated Dictionary. London, British Museum Press, 1992.</ref>, 145; Tallqvist 1938<ref>''Tallqvist K''. Akkadische Götterepitheta. Helsingforsiae, 1938.</ref>, 431].
-==== III. Identification. ====
+==== Previous Identification(s). ====
-           = Grus + Indus (the group of stars from α β Sagittarii to α Phoenicis) [G. 305, I]; Schaumberger's remark, "Numushda is one of the southern constellations; its stars, having hardly appeared, quickly disappear again" [3. Erg.<ref name=":8">''Kugler    F.X.  '' Sternkunde   und   Sterndienst   in    Babel. 3.Ergänzungsheft   zum   ersten  und   zweiten   Buch   von J.Schaumberger. Münster, 1935.</ref>, 286].
+           = Grus + Indus (the group of stars from α β Sagittarii to α Phoenicis) [Gössmann 1950, 305, I]; Schaumberger's remark, "Numushda is one of the southern constellations; its stars, having hardly appeared, quickly disappear again" [3. Erg.<ref name=":8">''Kugler    F.X.  '' Sternkunde   und   Sterndienst   in    Babel. 3.Ergänzungsheft   zum   ersten  und   zweiten   Buch   von J.Schaumberger. Münster, 1935.</ref>, 286].
            = Crane (Grus)(?) [Weidner 1957-59<ref>''Weidner E.'' mul gir<sub>2</sub>.tab = ''zuqaqîpi'' // AfO. 1957-1958. Bd. 18. S. 393-394].</ref>, 75a].
@@ Line 1,165: / Line 1,166: @@
            = η Centauri(?) [MA<ref name=":5" />, 138].
-           = η or κ Centauri [ASM<ref name=":6" />, 274].
+           = η or κ Centauri [Hunger-Pingree 1999<ref name=":6" />, 274].
            = part of Centauri (Centauri) [Beaulieu et al. 2018<ref>Beaulieu, P.-A., Frahm, E., Horowitz, W. & Steele, J. (2018), The Cuneiform Uranology Texts: Drawing the Constellations, American Philosophical Society Press, Philadelphia, USA.</ref>, 75].
-==== IV. Astrology. ====
+==== Astrology. ====
 ===== Identifications: =====
@@ Line 1,183: / Line 1,184: @@
          (5) Numushda approaches the Plow; [DIŠ <sup>mul</sup>NU.MUŠ].DA ''ana'' <sup>mul</sup>APIN TE <sup>d</sup>''Dil-bat ana'' <sup>d</sup>GU<sub>4</sub>.UD TE-''ma'' […]  "[If Numush]da approaches the Plow, (it means): Venus approaches Mercury [...]" [ACh Ištar<ref name=":9" />, 30:17]; for an alternative reading, see (Kurtik a43) [[APIN|<sup>giš</sup>APIN]], VI 2.
-         See also the corrupted text: <sup>d</sup>AMAR.UTU ''ša-qu''<sub>2</sub>-''u''<sub>2</sub> GUB<sub>3</sub> <sup>d</sup>''Nu-muš-da'' […] «Мардук высоко слева от Нумушда (стоит) […], <sup>mul</sup>''Nu-muš-da'' ḪUL-''ta'' … […]  'The evil of Numushd ...[...]'" [ABCD<ref name=":3" />, 204, VII Rec. B: rev 7, 9].
+         See also the corrupted text: <sup>d</sup>AMAR.UTU ''ša-qu''<sub>2</sub>-''u''<sub>2</sub> GUB<sub>3</sub> <sup>d</sup>''Nu-muš-da'' […] «Мардук высоко слева от Нумушда (стоит) […], <sup>mul</sup>''Nu-muš-da'' ḪUL-''ta'' … […]  'The evil of Numushd ...[...]'" [Rochberg-Halton 1988<ref name=":3" />, 204, VII Rec. B: rev 7, 9].
 == Historical Dictionaries ==
@@ Line 1,203: / Line 1,204: @@
 |
 |-
-| = nammaššû, букв. «Стада (диких) животных»; созвездие или звезда в пределах Центавра (Centaurus) (?) [CAD N/1, 233ff.; AHw, 728a; G. 305].
+| = nammaššû, букв. «Стада (диких) животных»; созвездие или звезда в пределах Центавра (Centaurus) (?) [CAD N/1, 233ff.; AHw, 728a; Gössmann 1950, 305].
 I. Источники.
-Лексич. тексты. (1) Серия Urra XXII: <sup>mul</sup>nu.muš.da = nam-maš-šu-u<sub>2</sub> [MSL XI, 31, Section 11:4; SpTU III, 114A v 63; Bloch–Horowitz 2015, 111:323ʹ]. (2) Серия Ḫg. B VI: <sup>[mul]</sup>nu.muš.da = na-maš-šu-u<sub>2</sub> = <sup>d</sup>IM [MSL XI, 41:48], <sup>mul</sup>nu.muš.da = (пропуск) = nam-maš-šu-u<sub>2</sub> [SpTU III, 116 iii 17]. EAE. См. [ABCD 62, 203–204, EAE 20, VII Rec. B, r. 7, 9]. «Астролябии». Astrolabe P. Месяц шабату, звезды Эа, 160 [Pinches 1900, 575]. Astrolabe B.  (1) Cписок (3´12): [<sup>iti</sup>ziz<sub>2</sub> <sup>mu</sup>]<sup>l</sup>nu.muš.da šu-ut <sup>d</sup>E<sub>2</sub>-a «[Шабату]: Нумушда (на пути) Эа (восходит)» (C i 11). (2) Список (восход–заход=6m): a) <sup>iti</sup>ziz<sub>2</sub> <sup>mul</sup>nu.muš.da <sup>mul</sup>sim.maḫ <sup>mul</sup>Da-mu e<sub>3</sub> «Шабату: Нумушда, Ласточка, Даму восходят» (С 33), b) <sup>[mul]</sup>nu.muš.da <sup>mul</sup>sim.maḫ <sup>mul</sup>Da-mu š[u<sub>2</sub>] «(Абу): Нумушда, Ласточка, Даму захо[дят]» [KAV 218, C 22; Horowitz 2014, 40]. BM 82923. Месяц шабату, звезды Эа: <sup>mul</sup>NU.MUŠ.DA // 2,40 // DINGIR.DINGIR ki-lal <sup>d</sup>IM <sup>d</sup>AMAR.UTU «Нумушда // 160 // Оба божества — Адад (и) Мардук» [Walker–Hunger 1977, 30:31]. BM 34713. <sup>iti</sup>ziz<sub>2</sub> // 2,40 <sup>múl</sup>nu.muš.da //  1,10 <sup>múl</sup>alla // 35 <sup>múl</sup>ti<sub>8</sub><sup>[mušen]</sup> «Шабату: 160 Нумушда, 70 Краб, 35 Орел» [LBAT, 1499:11]. «Круглые астролябии». K.14943+: <sup>iti</sup>ziz<sub>2</sub>.a.an // <sup>mul</sup>nu.muš.d[a] // ˹2,40˺ «(Звезды Эа), шабату, Нумушда, 160» [CT 33, 12]. Звезды Эа, Ану и Энлиля. Список 12 звезд Ea (№ 3): <sup>mul</sup>nu.muš.da [CT 33, 9 r. 16; MCG, 176]. MUL.APIN. (1) Звезды Эа (№ 8): MUL ša<sub>2</sub> EGIR-šu<sub>2</sub>-nu GUB-zu GIM <sup>d</sup>E<sub>2</sub>-a KUR-ḫa / GIM <sup>d</sup>E<sub>2</sub>-a ŠU<sub>2</sub><sup>meš</sup> <sup>mul</sup>Nu-muš-da <sup>d</sup>IM «Звезда, которая стоит позади них (т. е. позади Шуллат и Ханиш), восходит как Эа и заходит как Эа: Нумушда, Адад» (I ii 26–27) [MA, 37]. «Большой список звезд». (1) <sup>mul</sup>nu.muš.da =  […], <sup>mul</sup>min = <sup>d</sup>[…], <sup>mul</sup>min = <sup>d</sup>amar.utu; (2) 12 звезд Элама: <sup>mul</sup>n[u.muš.da] [Mesop.Astrol., App. B:130–132, 206]. Список звезд VR 46, 1:44. <sup>mul</sup>nu.muš.da  = dingir ša<sub>2</sub>-gi-mu «Нумушда = рычащий бог» [HBA, 52:44; Wee 2016, 162–3]. GU-текст.  (L) ˹<sup>mul</sup>nu.muš.˺da «Нумушда» (κ Cen) [Pingree–Walker 1988, BM 78161:20; ASM, 92], см. также d11DINGIR.KU.A<sup>meš</sup>. Храмовый ритуал в Вавилоне. <sup>múl</sup>nu.muš.da muš-tab-ru-u zunni(šeg<sub>3</sub>) «Нумушда, дождь продлевающий» [RAcc. 138:312; Linssen 2004, 220, 229]. Анафора. А 3427: ina <sup>iti</sup>ziz<sub>2</sub> ina še-rim ud 28 <sup>múl</sup>nu.muš.da ki.min(=meš-ḫa im-šuḫ ZI)  «В (месяце) шабату утром 28-го дня Нумушда испускает mišḫu и восходит» [Schaumberger 1955, 238:6], параллель в Sp II 202+: ina ziz<sub>2</sub> ina še-rim 28 <sup>múl</sup>nu.muš.da meš-ḫu im-šuḫ ZI [ibid. 246:25]. См. также: [<sup>mul</sup>NU].MUŠ.DA <sup>d</sup>˹E<sub>2</sub>˺-[a…] [CT 26, 48, K.11806: 10–11].
+Лексич. тексты. (1) Серия Urra XXII: <sup>mul</sup>nu.muš.da = nam-maš-šu-u<sub>2</sub> [MSL XI, 31, Section 11:4; SpTU III, 114A v 63; Bloch–Horowitz 2015, 111:323ʹ]. (2) Серия Ḫg. B VI: <sup>[mul]</sup>nu.muš.da = na-maš-šu-u<sub>2</sub> = <sup>d</sup>IM [MSL XI, 41:48], <sup>mul</sup>nu.muš.da = (пропуск) = nam-maš-šu-u<sub>2</sub> [SpTU III, 116 iii 17]. EAE. См. [Rochberg-Halton 1988 62, 203–204, EAE 20, VII Rec. B, r. 7, 9]. «Астролябии». Astrolabe P. Месяц шабату, звезды Эа, 160 [Pinches 1900, 575]. Astrolabe B.  (1) Cписок (3´12): [<sup>iti</sup>ziz<sub>2</sub> <sup>mu</sup>]<sup>l</sup>nu.muš.da šu-ut <sup>d</sup>E<sub>2</sub>-a «[Шабату]: Нумушда (на пути) Эа (восходит)» (C i 11). (2) Список (восход–заход=6m): a) <sup>iti</sup>ziz<sub>2</sub> <sup>mul</sup>nu.muš.da <sup>mul</sup>sim.maḫ <sup>mul</sup>Da-mu e<sub>3</sub> «Шабату: Нумушда, Ласточка, Даму восходят» (С 33), b) <sup>[mul]</sup>nu.muš.da <sup>mul</sup>sim.maḫ <sup>mul</sup>Da-mu š[u<sub>2</sub>] «(Абу): Нумушда, Ласточка, Даму захо[дят]» [KAV 218, C 22; Horowitz 2014, 40]. BM 82923. Месяц шабату, звезды Эа: <sup>mul</sup>NU.MUŠ.DA // 2,40 // DINGIR.DINGIR ki-lal <sup>d</sup>IM <sup>d</sup>AMAR.UTU «Нумушда // 160 // Оба божества — Адад (и) Мардук» [Walker–Hunger 1977, 30:31]. BM 34713. <sup>iti</sup>ziz<sub>2</sub> // 2,40 <sup>múl</sup>nu.muš.da //  1,10 <sup>múl</sup>alla // 35 <sup>múl</sup>ti<sub>8</sub><sup>[mušen]</sup> «Шабату: 160 Нумушда, 70 Краб, 35 Орел» [LBAT, 1499:11]. «Круглые астролябии». K.14943+: <sup>iti</sup>ziz<sub>2</sub>.a.an // <sup>mul</sup>nu.muš.d[a] // ˹2,40˺ «(Звезды Эа), шабату, Нумушда, 160» [CT 33, 12]. Звезды Эа, Ану и Энлиля. Список 12 звезд Ea (№ 3): <sup>mul</sup>nu.muš.da [CT 33, 9 r. 16; Horowitz 1998, 176]. MUL.APIN. (1) Звезды Эа (№ 8): MUL ša<sub>2</sub> EGIR-šu<sub>2</sub>-nu GUB-zu GIM <sup>d</sup>E<sub>2</sub>-a KUR-ḫa / GIM <sup>d</sup>E<sub>2</sub>-a ŠU<sub>2</sub><sup>meš</sup> <sup>mul</sup>Nu-muš-da <sup>d</sup>IM «Звезда, которая стоит позади них (т. е. позади Шуллат и Ханиш), восходит как Эа и заходит как Эа: Нумушда, Адад» (I ii 26–27) [MA, 37]. «Большой список звезд». (1) <sup>mul</sup>nu.muš.da =  […], <sup>mul</sup>min = <sup>d</sup>[…], <sup>mul</sup>min = <sup>d</sup>amar.utu; (2) 12 звезд Элама: <sup>mul</sup>n[u.muš.da] [Mesop.Astrol., App. B:130–132, 206]. Список звезд VR 46, 1:44. <sup>mul</sup>nu.muš.da  = dingir ša<sub>2</sub>-gi-mu «Нумушда = рычащий бог» [HBA, 52:44; Wee 2016, 162–3]. GU-текст.  (L) ˹<sup>mul</sup>nu.muš.˺da «Нумушда» (κ Cen) [Pingree–Walker 1988, BM 78161:20; Hunger-Pingree 1999, 92], см. также d11DINGIR.KU.A<sup>meš</sup>. Храмовый ритуал в Вавилоне. <sup>múl</sup>nu.muš.da muš-tab-ru-u zunni(šeg<sub>3</sub>) «Нумушда, дождь продлевающий» [RAcc. 138:312; Linssen 2004, 220, 229]. Анафора. А 3427: ina <sup>iti</sup>ziz<sub>2</sub> ina še-rim ud 28 <sup>múl</sup>nu.muš.da ki.min(=meš-ḫa im-šuḫ ZI)  «В (месяце) шабату утром 28-го дня Нумушда испускает mišḫu и восходит» [Schaumberger 1955, 238:6], параллель в Sp II 202+: ina ziz<sub>2</sub> ina še-rim 28 <sup>múl</sup>nu.muš.da meš-ḫu im-šuḫ ZI [ibid. 246:25]. См. также: [<sup>mul</sup>NU].MUŠ.DA <sup>d</sup>˹E<sub>2</sub>˺-[a…] [CT 26, 48, K.11806: 10–11].
 II. Божество.
@@ Line 1,214: / Line 1,215: @@
 III. Отождествление.
-= Grus + Indus (группа звезд от α β Sagittarii до α Phoenicis) [G. 305, I]; замечание Шаумбергера: «Нумушда — одно из южных созвездий; его звезды, едва появившись, быстро опять исчезают» [3. Erg., 286].
+= Grus + Indus (группа звезд от α β Sagittarii до α Phoenicis) [Gössmann 1950, 305, I]; замечание Шаумбергера: «Нумушда — одно из южных созвездий; его звезды, едва появившись, быстро опять исчезают» [3. Erg., 286].
 = Журавль (Grus)(?) [Weidner 1957–59, 75a].
@@ Line 1,220: / Line 1,221: @@
 = η Centauri(?) [MA, 138].
-= η или κ Centauri [ASM, 274].
+= η или κ Centauri [Hunger-Pingree 1999, 274].
 = часть Центавра (Centauri) [Beaulieu et al. 2018, 75].
@@ Line 1,228: / Line 1,229: @@
 Отождествления:
-(1) = Венера; DIŠ <sup>mul</sup>NU.MUŠ.DA kal u<sub>4</sub>-mi GUB-iz ina GI<sub>6</sub> NU IGI a-bu-bu KUŠ<sub>7</sub>-tim GAR-an […] «Если Нумушда весь день стоит (и) ночью не виден: потоп опустошительный произойдет […]» [ACh Suppl. 2, 78:15, 79:3], см. также [3. Erg., 285; G. 305, III 1].
+(1) = Венера; DIŠ <sup>mul</sup>NU.MUŠ.DA kal u<sub>4</sub>-mi GUB-iz ina GI<sub>6</sub> NU IGI a-bu-bu KUŠ<sub>7</sub>-tim GAR-an […] «Если Нумушда весь день стоит (и) ночью не виден: потоп опустошительный произойдет […]» [ACh Suppl. 2, 78:15, 79:3], см. также [3. Erg., 285; Gössmann 1950, 305, III 1].
 (2) = Меркурий; DIŠ <sup>mul</sup>NU.MUŠ.DA za-mar i-lam-ma za-mar it-bal BE-ma  MUL.MEŠ-šu<sub>2</sub> GIM ka-ra-re-e GAL<sub>2</sub>.MEŠ / <sup>d</sup>UDU.IDIM.GU<sub>4</sub>.UD IGI-ma TUM<sub>3</sub>-ma NU IGI ki-ma ina u<sub>4</sub>-mi IGI TUM<sub>3</sub>-ma NU IGI / MUL-šu<sub>2</sub> GIM ka-ra-re-e DUG<sub>4</sub>.GA ša<sub>2</sub> NU IGI  «Если Нумушда быстро вращается, (затем) быстро исчезает, если звезды его подобны полуденному Солнцу, (это означает): Меркурий появляется, исчезает и (вновь) не появляется, когда днем появляется, исчезает и (вновь) не появляется, звезда его подобна полуденному Солнцу; так говорят, когда он не появляется» [ACh Ištar, 28:12–14]; здесь предполагается тождество: Нумушда = Меркурий.
@@ Line 1,240: / Line 1,241: @@
 (5) Нумушда к Плугу приближается; [DIŠ <sup>mul</sup>NU.MUŠ].DA ana <sup>mul</sup>APIN TE <sup>d</sup>Dil-bat ana <sup>d</sup>GU<sub>4</sub>.UD TE-ma […] «[Если Нумуш]да к Плугу приближается, (это означает): Венера к Меркурию приближается […]» [ACh Ištar, 30:17]; альтернативное прочтение см. a43<sup>giš</sup>APIN, VI 2.
-См. также поврежденный текст: <sup>d</sup>AMAR.UTU ša-qu<sub>2</sub>-u<sub>2</sub> GUB<sub>3</sub> <sup>d</sup>Nu-muš-da […] «Мардук высоко слева от Нумушда (стоит) […], <sup>mul</sup>Nu-muš-da ḪUL-ta … […] «Зло Нумушда …[…]» [ABCD, 204, VII Rec. B: rev 7, 9].
+См. также поврежденный текст: <sup>d</sup>AMAR.UTU ša-qu<sub>2</sub>-u<sub>2</sub> GUB<sub>3</sub> <sup>d</sup>Nu-muš-da […] «Мардук высоко слева от Нумушда (стоит) […], <sup>mul</sup>Nu-muš-da ḪUL-ta … […] «Зло Нумушда …[…]» [Rochberg-Halton 1988, 204, VII Rec. B: rev 7, 9].
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