Marduk: Difference between revisions
DavidHilder (talk | contribs) Created page with "{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Ereš-ki-gal''}} <sup>d</sup>''Ereš-ki-gal'' is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism. ==Dictionary== ===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim=== The goddess of the underworld, identified with Mars and the constellation Snake (mulMUŠ) [G. 128; Wiggermann 1997, 34-35]. {| class="wikitable" |- !Sources!!Identifications |- |'''"The Great Star List and Miscellenia".''' [<sup>d</sup>Ereš]-ki-gal = min(=<sup>d</sup>ṣal-bat-a-nu) "Ereshkigal = Mars" [Me..." |
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{{DISPLAYTITLE:'' | {{DISPLAYTITLE:''Marduk''}} | ||
<sup>d</sup>'' | Authors: Gennady E. Kurtik, {{PAGEAUTHORS}}, Euin Choung Kim | ||
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[[File:Marduk and pet.svg|thumb|The Statue of Marduk depicted on a cylinder seal of the 9th century BC Babylonian king Marduk-zakir-shumi I. Detailed info, from Schaudig (2008), p. 559:]] | |||
<sup>d</sup>''Marduk'' (𒀭𒈠𒊒𒁺𒊌) is the supreme deity of the city of Babylon, identified for the most part with Jupiter or Mercury; for a syllabic entry in lexical texts, but sometimes other planets and asterisms. His name is most often written with Sumerograms [[AMAR.UD|<sup>d</sup>AMAR.UTU]]. For the astronomical information concerning '''''<sup>d</sup>Marduk =''''' '''[[AMAR.UD|<sup>d</sup>AMAR.UTU]] ''=''''' '''[[Nēberu|Neberu]]''' (as Marduk's Star), with the list of the names of Marduk's asterism for each month of the year also given in this entry. | |||
==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>== | |||
The supreme deity is surprisingly few mentioned in MUL.APIN's "catalog of asterisms" (first list), suggesting that this list was written before the former city god was promoted to the supreme god. Hoffmann and Krebernik (2023): <blockquote>City god of Babylon, identified with Enki’s son Assalluḫi, became head of the Babylonian pantheon towards the end of the 2nd mill. BCE. <sup>d</sup>AMAR.UTU (EN 33r).<ref>Hoffmann, S. M. and Krebernik, M. (2023). What do deities tell us about the celestial positioning system, in: R. Rollinger, I. Madreiter, M. Lang, C. Pappi (eds.). The Intellectual Heritage of the Ancient Near East, Papers held at the 64th Rencontre Assyriologique International and 12th Melammu Symposium July 16-20 2018, Innsbruck. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 539-579</ref></blockquote>Yet, there are "Stars of Marduk" for each month mentioned in other texts, see also Kurtik (2007<ref>Kurtik, G. (2007): Звездное небо Древней Месопотамии. Шумеро-аккадские названия созвездий и других светил [The Star Heaven of Ancient Mesopotamia: Sumero-Akkadian Names of Constellations and Other Heavenly Bodies], Aletejja, St. Petersburg, Russia.</ref>, n01: NA<sub>2</sub>). | |||
== | === Marduk-Names === | ||
Measurements: 72 × 120.5 × 21 mm | |||
obv. 1 [M]U AD.ḪAL <sup>d</sup>[AMAR.UTU] | |||
2 [DIŠ ina ITU].BÁR <sup>d</sup>ŠUL.PA.È dAMAR.[UTU] | |||
3 [DIŠ ina I]TU.GUD <sup>d</sup>UD.AL.TAR dAMAR.U[TU] | |||
4 [DIŠ ina IT]U.SIG4 <sup>d</sup>AŠ.GÁN KÁ.DINGIR.MEŠ <sup>d</sup>AMAR.UT[U] | |||
5 DIŠ ina ITU.ŠU <sup>d</sup>da-pi-nu <sup>d</sup>AMAR. UT[U] | |||
6 DIŠ ina ITU.NE <sup>d</sup>ma-ak-ru-ú <sup>d</sup>AMAR.UTU | |||
7 DIŠ ina ITU.KIN <sup>d</sup>SAG.ME.GAR <sup>d</sup>AMAR.UTU | |||
8 <sup>┌</sup>DIŠ<sup>┐</sup> ina ITU.DUL <sup>d</sup>ni-bi-ru <sup>d</sup>AMAR. UT[U]]214 | |||
9 [DIŠ i]na ITU.APIN <sup>d</sup>rap-pu <sup>d</sup>AMAR. UT[U]] | |||
10 [DIŠ ina I]TU.GÁN UL.GÀM <sup>d</sup>AMAR. UT[U] | |||
11 [DIŠ ina I]TU.AB UL.LUGAL <sup>d</sup>AMAR. UT[U] | |||
12 [DIŠ ina IT]U.ZÍZ UL.GAL <sup>d</sup>AMAR. UT[U] | |||
13 [DIŠ ina IT]U.ŠE UL.KU6 dé-a <sup>d</sup>AMAR.<sup>┌</sup>UTU <sup>┐</sup> | |||
<s>XVIX. K. 3384 (Reiner-Pigree, BPO 3, 1998, 262-63 Group G) + K. 5990 (IIIR 43, 2 = ACh Ištar VIII</s> | |||
<s>11<reverse only>)</s> | |||
<s>Venus -Names; see also BM 45697 (81-7-6, 102) (LBAT 1564), BM 37391, and maybe BM 32314.</s> | |||
<s>Text has MA sign form of TIM and NA.</s> | |||
===Historical Dictionaries=== | |||
= | |||
==Historical Dictionaries== | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! scope="col" style="width: 60%;" |Kurtik (2022, | ! scope="col" style="width: 60%;" |Kurtik (2022, m11) | ||
! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" |Gössmann (1950) | ! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" |Gössmann (1950) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |= <sup>mul d</sup>AMAR.UTU; Мардук — верховное божество города Вавилон, отождествляемое с Юпитером или Меркурием; силлабическая запись в лексических текстах см. a28<sup>d</sup>AMAR.UTU. | ||
| | |||
| | |||
|} | |} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
*[[References (Babylonian)|Kurtik's references]] | *[[References (Babylonian)|Kurtik's references]] | ||
[[Category:4workWayne]] | |||
[[Category:Mesopotamian]] | [[Category:Mesopotamian]] | ||
[[Category:Akkadian]] | [[Category:Akkadian]] | ||
| Line 37: | Line 63: | ||
[[Category:Eurasia]] | [[Category:Eurasia]] | ||
[[Category:Cuneiform]] | [[Category:Cuneiform]] | ||
[[Category:Deity]] | |||
<references /> | |||
Latest revision as of 08:13, 17 January 2026
Authors: Gennady E. Kurtik, David Hilder, Wayne Horowitz, Susanne M Hoffmann, Euin Choung Kim
dMarduk (𒀭𒈠𒊒𒁺𒊌) is the supreme deity of the city of Babylon, identified for the most part with Jupiter or Mercury; for a syllabic entry in lexical texts, but sometimes other planets and asterisms. His name is most often written with Sumerograms dAMAR.UTU. For the astronomical information concerning dMarduk = dAMAR.UTU = Neberu (as Marduk's Star), with the list of the names of Marduk's asterism for each month of the year also given in this entry.
Concordance, Etymology, History[1]
The supreme deity is surprisingly few mentioned in MUL.APIN's "catalog of asterisms" (first list), suggesting that this list was written before the former city god was promoted to the supreme god. Hoffmann and Krebernik (2023):
City god of Babylon, identified with Enki’s son Assalluḫi, became head of the Babylonian pantheon towards the end of the 2nd mill. BCE. dAMAR.UTU (EN 33r).[2]
Yet, there are "Stars of Marduk" for each month mentioned in other texts, see also Kurtik (2007[3], n01: NA2).
Marduk-Names
Measurements: 72 × 120.5 × 21 mm
obv. 1 [M]U AD.ḪAL d[AMAR.UTU]
2 [DIŠ ina ITU].BÁR dŠUL.PA.È dAMAR.[UTU]
3 [DIŠ ina I]TU.GUD dUD.AL.TAR dAMAR.U[TU]
4 [DIŠ ina IT]U.SIG4 dAŠ.GÁN KÁ.DINGIR.MEŠ dAMAR.UT[U]
5 DIŠ ina ITU.ŠU dda-pi-nu dAMAR. UT[U]
6 DIŠ ina ITU.NE dma-ak-ru-ú dAMAR.UTU
7 DIŠ ina ITU.KIN dSAG.ME.GAR dAMAR.UTU
8 ┌DIŠ┐ ina ITU.DUL dni-bi-ru dAMAR. UT[U]]214
9 [DIŠ i]na ITU.APIN drap-pu dAMAR. UT[U]]
10 [DIŠ ina I]TU.GÁN UL.GÀM dAMAR. UT[U]
11 [DIŠ ina I]TU.AB UL.LUGAL dAMAR. UT[U]
12 [DIŠ ina IT]U.ZÍZ UL.GAL dAMAR. UT[U]
13 [DIŠ ina IT]U.ŠE UL.KU6 dé-a dAMAR.┌UTU ┐
XVIX. K. 3384 (Reiner-Pigree, BPO 3, 1998, 262-63 Group G) + K. 5990 (IIIR 43, 2 = ACh Ištar VIII
11<reverse only>)
Venus -Names; see also BM 45697 (81-7-6, 102) (LBAT 1564), BM 37391, and maybe BM 32314.
Text has MA sign form of TIM and NA.
Historical Dictionaries
| Kurtik (2022, m11) | Gössmann (1950) |
|---|---|
| = mul dAMAR.UTU; Мардук — верховное божество города Вавилон, отождествляемое с Юпитером или Меркурием; силлабическая запись в лексических текстах см. a28dAMAR.UTU. |
References
- ↑ Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0, All Skies Encyclopaedia.
- ↑ Hoffmann, S. M. and Krebernik, M. (2023). What do deities tell us about the celestial positioning system, in: R. Rollinger, I. Madreiter, M. Lang, C. Pappi (eds.). The Intellectual Heritage of the Ancient Near East, Papers held at the 64th Rencontre Assyriologique International and 12th Melammu Symposium July 16-20 2018, Innsbruck. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 539-579
- ↑ Kurtik, G. (2007): Звездное небо Древней Месопотамии. Шумеро-аккадские названия созвездий и других светил [The Star Heaven of Ancient Mesopotamia: Sumero-Akkadian Names of Constellations and Other Heavenly Bodies], Aletejja, St. Petersburg, Russia.
