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{{DISPLAYTITLE:<sup>mul</sup>ŠAR<sub>2</sub>.UR<sub>4</sub>}}
{{DISPLAYTITLE:<sup>mul</sup>ŠAR<sub>2</sub>.UR<sub>4</sub>}}
Authors: Gennady E. Kurtik, {{PAGEAUTHORS}}, Euin Choung Kim
----
<sup>mul</sup>ŠAR<sub>2</sub>.UR<sub>4</sub> (𒀯𒄭𒌴) <sup>mu[[LŠAR2.GAZ|l]]</sup>[[LŠAR2.GAZ|ŠAR<sub>2</sub>.GAZ]] (𒀯𒄭𒄤) and its pair <sup>mul</sup>ŠAR<sub>2</sub>.GAZ  are listed among  7 sects of twinned stars (''māšu'') in The Great Star list.  Both are to be found on 'the Sting of Scorpio ''ziqit'' [[GIR2.TAB|GIR<sub>2</sub>.TAB]].  Their names survive in the current Shaula (λ Scorpii) and Sargas (θ Scorpii).


<sup>mul</sup>ŠAR<sub>2</sub>.UR<sub>4</sub> is an ancient Mesopotamian asterism.
==Dictionary==


=== Krebernik (2023) ===
'''Šarur & Šargaz.''' Pair of warrior gods, originally deified weapons of Ninurta. <sup>d</sup>Šár-ur<sub>4</sub> ''u'' <sup>d</sup>Šár-gaz (EA 12–13r).


===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim===
==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==
Var.: <sup>mul</sup>ŠAR<sub>2</sub>.UR; = <sup>mul</sup>''Šar''<sub>2</sub>-''ur''/''ur''<sub>4</sub>; one of the two stars "on the sting of the Scorpius" (ziqit GIR<sub>2</sub>.TAB); = λ Scorpii, mentioned always in pair with <sup>mul</sup>Šar<sub>2</sub>-gaz [G. 375; BPO 2, 15; ASM 275].
Var.:


==== I. Sources ====
* <sup>mul</sup>ŠAR<sub>2</sub>.UR;
See the previous article.
* = <sup>mul</sup>''Šar''<sub>2</sub>-''ur''/''ur''<sub>4</sub>; one of the two stars "on the sting of the Scorpius" (ziqit GIR<sub>2</sub>.TAB);
* = λ Scorpii, mentioned always in pair with <sup>mul</sup>Šar<sub>2</sub>-gaz [Gössman 1950<ref>''Gössmann P.F''. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).</ref>, 375; BPO 2<ref name=":0">''Reiner E., Pingree D''. Enuma Anu Enlil, Tablets 50-51. Malibu, Undena Publications, 1981 (Babylonian Planetary Omens: Part Two).</ref>, 15; Hunger-Pingree 1999<ref name=":1">''Hunger H., Pingree D.'' Astral Sciences in Mesopotamia. Leiden-Boston-Köln, 1999.</ref> 275].


Hoffmann and Krebernik (2023)<ref>Hoffmann, S. M. and Krebernik, M. (2023). What do deities tell us about the celestial positioning system, in: R. Rollinger, I. Madreiter, M. Lang, C. Pappi (eds.). The Intellectual Heritage of the Ancient Near East, Papers held at the 64th Rencontre Assyriologique International and 12th Melammu Symposium July 16-20 2018, Innsbruck. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 539-579</ref><blockquote>'''Šarur & Šargaz.''' Pair of warrior gods, originally deified weapons of Ninurta. <sup>d</sup>Šár-ur<sub>4</sub> ''u'' <sup>d</sup>Šár-gaz (EA 12–13r).</blockquote>
==== Sources & Identification(s) ====
See the previous article, (Kurtik sh05) [[ŠAR2.GAZ|ŠAR<sub>2</sub>.GAZ]]. 
====Stars within the Constellation Area====
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
|+
|-
!id
!Label
!IAU design.
!description
!Vmag
|-
|1
|[[Shaula]]
|HIP 85927
| within constellation lines
|1.63
|-
|2
|[[Lesath]]
|HIP 85696
|within constellation lines
|2.65
|}
===Additional===
===Additional===


==== II. Identification. ====
==== Previous Identification. ====
        = λ or υ Scorpii [Weidner 1957-59, 80b; BPO 2, 15; MA, 138; Mesop.Astrol., 208, App. C].
        = λ or υ Scorpii [Weidner 1957-59<ref>''Weidner E.'' mul gir2.tab = ''zuqaqîpi'' // AfO. 1957-1958. Bd. 18. S. 393-394].</ref>, 80b; BPO 2<ref name=":0" />, 15; MA<ref>Hunger, H. and J. M. Steele (2019). The Babylonian Astronomical Compendium MUL.APIN, Routledge, NY</ref>, 138; Mesop.Astrol.<ref>''Koch-Westenholz U''. Mesopotamian Astrology. Copenhagen, Museum Tusculanum Press. 1995.</ref>, 208, App. C].


        = λ Scorpii [ASM, 275].
        = λ Scorpii [Hunger-Pingree 1999<ref name=":1" />, 275].


==== III. Astrology. ====
==== Astrology. ====
        See the preceding article
        See the preceding article.


==Historical Dictionaries==  
==Historical Dictionaries==  
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! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" |Gössmann (1950)
! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" |Gössmann (1950)
|-
|-
|вар.: <sup>mul</sup>ŠAR<sub>2</sub>.UR; = <sup>mul</sup>Šar<sub>2</sub>-ur/ur<sub>4</sub>; одна из двух звезд «на жале Скорпиона» (ziqit GIR<sub>2</sub>.TAB); = λ Scorpii, упоминается всегда в паре с <sup>mul</sup>Šar2-gaz [G. 375; BPO 2, 15; ASM 275].
|вар.: <sup>mul</sup>ŠAR<sub>2</sub>.UR; = <sup>mul</sup>Šar<sub>2</sub>-ur/ur<sub>4</sub>; одна из двух звезд «на жале Скорпиона» (ziqit GIR<sub>2</sub>.TAB); = λ Scorpii, упоминается всегда в паре с <sup>mul</sup>Šar2-gaz [Gössman 1950, 375; BPO 2, 15; Hunger-Pingree 1999 275].
I. Источники.
I. Источники.


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= λ или υ Scorpii [Weidner 1957–59, 80b; BPO 2, 15; MA, 138; Mesop.Astrol., 208, App. C].
= λ или υ Scorpii [Weidner 1957–59, 80b; BPO 2, 15; MA, 138; Mesop.Astrol., 208, App. C].


= λ Scorpii [ASM, 275].
= λ Scorpii [Hunger-Pingree 1999, 275].


III. Астрология.
III. Астрология.

Latest revision as of 15:36, 23 February 2026

Authors: Gennady E. Kurtik, David Hilder, Susanne M Hoffmann, Wayne Horowitz, Jan Safford, Euin Choung Kim

mulŠAR2.UR4 (𒀯𒄭𒌴) mulŠAR2.GAZ (𒀯𒄭𒄤) and its pair mulŠAR2.GAZ are listed among 7 sects of twinned stars (māšu) in The Great Star list. Both are to be found on 'the Sting of Scorpio ziqit GIR2.TAB, zuqaqīpu. Their names survive in the current Shaula (λ Scorpii) and Sargas (θ Scorpii).


Concordance, Etymology, History[1]

Var.:

  • mulŠAR2.UR;
  • = mulŠar2-ur/ur4; one of the two stars "on the sting of the Scorpius" (ziqit GIR2.TAB);
  • = λ Scorpii, mentioned always in pair with mulŠar2-gaz [Gössman 1950[2], 375; BPO 2[3], 15; Hunger-Pingree 1999[4] 275].

Hoffmann and Krebernik (2023)[5]

Šarur & Šargaz. Pair of warrior gods, originally deified weapons of Ninurta. dŠár-ur4 u dŠár-gaz (EA 12–13r).

Sources & Identification(s)

See the previous article, (Kurtik sh05) mulŠAR2.GAZ.

Stars within the Constellation Area

id Label IAU design. description Vmag
1 Shaula HIP 85927 within constellation lines 1.63
2 Lesath HIP 85696 within constellation lines 2.65

Additional

Previous Identification.

        = λ or υ Scorpii [Weidner 1957-59[6], 80b; BPO 2[3], 15; MA[7], 138; Mesop.Astrol.[8], 208, App. C].

        = λ Scorpii [Hunger-Pingree 1999[4], 275].

Astrology.

        See the preceding article.

Historical Dictionaries

Kurtik (2022, sh6) Gössmann (1950)
вар.: mulŠAR2.UR; = mulŠar2-ur/ur4; одна из двух звезд «на жале Скорпиона» (ziqit GIR2.TAB); = λ Scorpii, упоминается всегда в паре с mulŠar2-gaz [Gössman 1950, 375; BPO 2, 15; Hunger-Pingree 1999 275].

I. Источники.

См. предыдущую статью.

II. Отождествление.

= λ или υ Scorpii [Weidner 1957–59, 80b; BPO 2, 15; MA, 138; Mesop.Astrol., 208, App. C].

= λ Scorpii [Hunger-Pingree 1999, 275].

III. Астрология.

См. предыдущую статью.

Example

References

  1. ↑ Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0, All Skies Encyclopaedia.
  2. ↑ Gössmann P.F. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Reiner E., Pingree D. Enuma Anu Enlil, Tablets 50-51. Malibu, Undena Publications, 1981 (Babylonian Planetary Omens: Part Two).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Hunger H., Pingree D. Astral Sciences in Mesopotamia. Leiden-Boston-Köln, 1999.
  5. ↑ Hoffmann, S. M. and Krebernik, M. (2023). What do deities tell us about the celestial positioning system, in: R. Rollinger, I. Madreiter, M. Lang, C. Pappi (eds.). The Intellectual Heritage of the Ancient Near East, Papers held at the 64th Rencontre Assyriologique International and 12th Melammu Symposium July 16-20 2018, Innsbruck. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 539-579
  6. ↑ Weidner E. mul gir2.tab = zuqaqîpi // AfO. 1957-1958. Bd. 18. S. 393-394].
  7. ↑ Hunger, H. and J. M. Steele (2019). The Babylonian Astronomical Compendium MUL.APIN, Routledge, NY
  8. ↑ Koch-Westenholz U. Mesopotamian Astrology. Copenhagen, Museum Tusculanum Press. 1995.
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