A-ḫa-ti: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Pleiades and Venus in blue dawn 2020.jpg|alt=photograph|thumb|Pleiades and Venus in the morning sky.]] | [[File:Pleiades and Venus in blue dawn 2020.jpg|alt=photograph|thumb|Pleiades and Venus in the morning sky.]] | ||
''A-ḫa-ti'' (𒀀𒄩𒋾) is a Mesopotamian term for the planet Venus. | ''A-ḫa-ti'' (𒀀𒄩𒋾) is a Mesopotamian term for the planet Venus, most likely meaning 'sister.' as Venus is the planet of the goddess Inanna = Ištar. the sister of the male Sun and Moon-gods in Ancient Mesopotamian tradition. | ||
== Visibility & Appearance == | == Visibility & Appearance == | ||
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=== Additional === | === Additional === | ||
''' ''' "Venus (Ištar) can only be the first: ''a-ha-ti''. This, we suggest, is ''aḫati'' "sister (of)", rather than ''ahatti'' "outside" etc., since Ištar was sister of Šamaš, the sun, the most conspicuous heavenly body. Identification of the other three is uncertain. Antagal G 309 (apud CAD ṣalbatānu) identified Simut, an Elamite god of the netherworld (= Nergal: AfK 2 72 16) as ''Ṣalbatānu'', Mars. So it could be argued that Ningišzida in this list, being a Sumerian god of the netherworld, is Mars. Then since ''Dumuzi''(''d'') would be ''māru kīnu'' in Akkadian translation, ''Kayamānu'' (Saturn), being linguistically a fuller form of kfnu, might mean Dumuzi. | ''' ''' "Venus (Ištar) can only be the first: ''a-ha-ti''. This, we suggest, is ''aḫati'' "sister (of)", rather than ''ahatti'' "outside" etc., since Ištar was sister of Šamaš, the sun, the most conspicuous heavenly body. Identification of the other three is uncertain. Antagal G 309 (apud CAD ṣalbatānu) identified Simut, an Elamite god of the netherworld (= Nergal: AfK 2 72 16) as ''Ṣalbatānu'', Mars. So it could be argued that Ningišzida in this list, being a Sumerian god of the netherworld, is Mars. Then since ''Dumuzi''(''d'') would be ''māru kīnu'' in Akkadian translation, ''Kayamānu'' (Saturn), being linguistically a fuller form of '''<big>kfnu</big>''', '''what is that??''' '''note that there were several typos in this passage!''' might mean Dumuzi. | ||
''' ''' Then since Kakka under his aliases Ninšubur, Ilabrat and Papsukkal became a vizier or messenger of all the gods, he could be Mercury because the Greek god equivalent to Mercury, Hermes, was an errand boy for the other gods." | ''' ''' Then since Kakka under his aliases Ninšubur, Ilabrat and Papsukkal became a vizier or messenger of all the gods, he could be Mercury because the Greek god equivalent to Mercury, Hermes, was an errand boy for the other gods." | ||
== Historical Dictionaries == | == Historical Dictionaries == | ||
Latest revision as of 10:52, 9 April 2026
Authors: Susanne M Hoffmann, Gennady E. Kurtik, Euin Choung Kim, David Hilder, Wayne Horowitz, Hermann Hunger
A-ḫa-ti (𒀀𒄩𒋾) is a Mesopotamian term for the planet Venus, most likely meaning 'sister.' as Venus is the planet of the goddess Inanna = Ištar. the sister of the male Sun and Moon-gods in Ancient Mesopotamian tradition.
Visibility & Appearance
Images of Venus (Naked Eye Appearance)
-
Venus above Sahara (Nov. 2005, Susanne M Hoffmann) -
Venus above campfire (Sahara 2008, SMH) -
Moon and Venus in morning twilight above Austrian mountains (CC BY Susanne M Hoffmann 2016). -
Venus and Pleiades above a mountain at Dawn in Europe (SMH 2020) -
Venus above the rocks at Petra, Jordan (SMH 2023), it's already rather dark (not really dusk any more). -
Venus above the Gate to the Shaolin Temple (China 2024, SMH) -
Venus and Moon at Dusk (Europe, SMH 2025) -
Saturn, Venus and Moon at Dusk (SMH 2025) -
Moon and Venus in tropical dusk in Indonesia (Karimunjawa, SMH 2024). -
Moon and Venus at Dusk (SMH 2025). -
Venus and Moon at Dusk, 2025 (SMH) -
Venus above houses, evening star, (SMH 2025) -
Venus and Pleiades at Dusk in Europe (SMH 2020), for comparison of brightness
Concordance, Etymology, History[1]
= mulAḫātu "Sister"; an epithet of Ištar as the planet Venus, who was considered the sister of the sun god Šamaš [Lambert 1987, 95; Tallqvist 1938, 332-333].
| Sources | Identifications |
|---|---|
A Hittite Prayer to the Gods of the Night.
In this source, there are five terms (a-ha-ti, ga-ga, dumuzi, ninkizida, šulpae) and there are five star-like planets. Lambert 1987 equals them to (Venus, Mercury, Saturn, Mars, Jupiter). |
See also: [Lambert 1987, 95/96]
Additional
"Venus (Ištar) can only be the first: a-ha-ti. This, we suggest, is aḫati "sister (of)", rather than ahatti "outside" etc., since Ištar was sister of Šamaš, the sun, the most conspicuous heavenly body. Identification of the other three is uncertain. Antagal G 309 (apud CAD ṣalbatānu) identified Simut, an Elamite god of the netherworld (= Nergal: AfK 2 72 16) as Ṣalbatānu, Mars. So it could be argued that Ningišzida in this list, being a Sumerian god of the netherworld, is Mars. Then since Dumuzi(d) would be māru kīnu in Akkadian translation, Kayamānu (Saturn), being linguistically a fuller form of kfnu, what is that?? note that there were several typos in this passage! might mean Dumuzi.
Then since Kakka under his aliases Ninšubur, Ilabrat and Papsukkal became a vizier or messenger of all the gods, he could be Mercury because the Greek god equivalent to Mercury, Hermes, was an errand boy for the other gods."
Historical Dictionaries
| Kurtik (2022, a14) | Gössmann (1950) |
|---|---|
| = mulAḫātu «Сестра»(?); эпитет Иштар как планеты Венеры, которая считалась сестрой бога Солнца Шамаша [Lambert 1987, 95; Tallqvist 1938, 332–333].
I. Источники. Хеттская молитва ночным богам. На первом месте: mula-ḫa-ti [KUB IV, 47 r. 43; BPO 2, 2:1; Van der Toorn 1985, 129:43], см. также a15Aḫû. |
Example |
References
- ↑ Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0, All Skies Encyclopaedia.
