Hulanjar

From All Skies Encyclopaedia

Authors: Youla Azkarrula, Susanne M Hoffmann

Lintang Hulandjar in lontar Prasi Palelintangan (CC-BY Alfred Maaß, (1929), Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen)
Balinese constellation: Hulanjar (a widow), re-drawn by Jessica Gullberg for the planetarium software Stellarium (CC-BY Youla Azkarrula & Jessica Gullberg)

Hulanjar is an Oceanic name from Bali (Indonesia). The lintang of hulanjar is found in intersection of Coma (Monday, in saptawara) and Pon (in pancawara) in a series of palelintangan. Lintang hulanjar means a widow constellation.[1]

Etymology and History

Hulanjar (IPA:[uˈlan.dʒar])

Spelling Variants

  • hulandjar (old spelling)
  • ulandjar (old spelling)
  • ulanjar (enhanced spelling)
  • wulandjar (old spelling)
  • wulanjar (enhanced spelling)
  • kiriman
  • akirim

Origin of Constellation

Hulanjar can be interpreted as a widow whose husband has left her. It also refers to an unmarried virgin. During the Majapahit Kingdom, all the rules regarding marriage were regulated in the Nagarakertagama Kakawin book, in the chapters on tukon (dowry) and marriage. These rules were based on Hindu principles and customs, as well as local traditions and practices. If a young man proposed marriage to a young woman publicly, but had not yet married, he had no right to the proposal. Such a young woman was called a hulanjar, or an unmarried widow without children. Therefore, her father had the right to marry her off to someone else.[2]

General information

Identification of Balinese constellations (Maaß 1929, appendix).

The astronomical identification of the constellation is taken from Maaß (1929)[3] who explains in general that these constellations and the according ritual practice

"sind seit alten Zeiten in einem Werk ,,wariga" niedergelegt, in dem wir zwei Kulturschichten, nämlich indische und malaio-polynesische Bestandteile wiederfinden."

English: "are written down in a work called "wariga" since old times; there we recognise two cultural layers, i.e. the Indian and the Malayo-Polynesian."

He also quotes other scholars[4][5][6][7] and his earlier work[8][9] reporting that this work dates back to the 9th century CE when Bali was part of a Hindu empire on the neighbouring island of Java.[3] Neubronner van der Tuuk even uses the Old Javanese spelling.

Identification

The identifications, Maaß (1929) gives according to the aforementioned and his own studies during visits of the country and in European and Batavian libraries (p.150).[3]

Maaß (1929), p. 142:

hulandjar; - ulandjar; - eine Frauensperson von nicht allzu bestem Ruf.

English: hulandjar; - ulandjar; - a woman of not the best reputation.

Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation

Mythology / Religion

Once upon a time, a beautiful hulanjar passed by the hut on her way to deliver food to the rice fields. Captivated by her beauty, the young men who were building the hut were distracted. This young woman was eventually immortalized as a constellation, Alpha Centauri and Beta Centauri.

Image Variants

  • Lintang Hulandjar (CC-BY Alfred Maaß, (1929), Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen)
    Lintang Hulandjar (CC-BY Alfred Maaß, (1929), Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen)
  • Lintang Hulanjar in the cloth (CC-BY UPTD Museum Bali Inventary no. 09.746)
    Lintang Hulanjar in the cloth (CC-BY UPTD Museum Bali Inventary no. 09.746)
  • Lintang Akirim in the cloth (CC-BY UPTD Museum Bali Inventary no. 09.752)
    Lintang Akirim in the cloth (CC-BY UPTD Museum Bali Inventary no. 09.752)
  • Lintang Akikirim (CC-BY Youla Azkarrula taken in the ceiling of Taman Gili Klungkung Palace Bali)
    Lintang Akikirim (CC-BY Youla Azkarrula taken in the ceiling of Taman Gili Klungkung Palace Bali)

Cultural Beliefs

Numerology (Neptu/Urip)

Coma (Monday, in saptawara) has a value of 4 and Pon (in pancawara) has a value of 7. Thus, the total urip on this lintang is 11 [10]

Astrological Characteristics

His promise can make people miserable, many supernatural beings haunt his life. They look like they are hard-hearted, but are patient and understanding. Often seen showing off, but their desire is to help. They speak impolitely and rudely, but they are loving and want to advise.[10]

Matching Gemstones

Biduri Bulan (Moon Stone).[10]

All HIP Stars within this constellation

Stars within the Constellation Area

id Label IAU design. description Vmag
1 Rigil Kentaurus HIP 71683 within constellation lines 0.01
2 Hadar HIP 68702 within constellation lines 0.58

References

  1. ↑ Maass, Alfred, “Astrologische Kalender der Balinesen,” in Koninklijk Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen, Feestbundel bij gelegenheid van zijn 150 jarig bestaan 1778-1928, 2 vols. (Weltevreden, 1929), Vol. 2, 126-157.
  2. ↑ Midaada, Avirista, "Mengenal Istilah Wulanjar Gadis Rasa Janda di Masa Kerajaan Majapahit" (2022) https://news.okezone.com/read/2022/05/06/337/2589762/mengenal-istilah-wulanjar-gadis-rasa-janda-di-masa-kerajaan-majapahit
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :1
  4. ↑ Friedrich, R. (1849). Voorloopig verslag van het eiland Bali, Batavia, Verb. Bat Gen. Deel 23, Nr. 13
  5. ↑ HINLOOPEN LABBERT0N, D. VAN (1910). Geillustreerd handboek van Insulinde. Amsterdam: "Vivat"
  6. ↑ PIGEAUD, TH. (1925). Een stuk over sterrenkunde uit het Anggastyaparwwa ...... Weltevreden: Albrecht. Tijdsch. v. lnd, T.-, L.- en Vk. deel LXV
  7. ↑ Nieuwenkamp, W. O. J. (1905), Schetsen van Bali en Lombok. (Eigen Haard)
  8. ↑ MAASS, ALFRED (1920). Sterne und Sternbilder im malaiischen Archipel. Berlin. Zeitschrift für Ethnologie Jg. 1920/21, H. 1
  9. ↑ MAASS, ALFRED (1924). Sternkunde und Sterndeuterei im malaiischen Archipel. Batavia, den Haag. Tijdsch. v. T.-, L.-en Vk. deel LX IV
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 Tim Kajian Palelintangan, “Gabungan Kajian Palelintangan,” Museum Bali (2021), 1-149.
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