View source for Tak-ša2-a-tu2

{{DISPLAYTITLE:''tak-ša''<sub>2</sub>''-a-tu<sub>2</sub>''}}

(MUL ša<sub>2</sub>) ''takšātu/ti'' (𒀯𒋳𒃻𒀀𒋾), the Akkadian term for triplets with reference in astronomy consisting of three asterisms:  three stars or perhaps three closely linked figures. All references refer to a feature of [[Hercules]].   

== Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref> ==
'''Variants''' 

* ''taškātu'', a late phonetic variant of ''takšātu,''
Both plural of ''takšu'', with the form ''takšātu'' apparently built on the use of the feminine plural form of adjectives for dual number, even though ''takšātu'' refers to three items''.'' Cf. in AO 6478 māšu --> māšāti.

"Asterism of the Trinity", The Triplet;      

= ''ziqpu'' V, a star or group of two stars in [[Hercules]] (Hercules) [G. 166, 394; AHw, 1309,  CAD T 88-89].     

=== Sources and Identifications ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Sources!!Identifications 
|-
|'''Observations during the time of Sargon II'''
On the culmination of MUL ''taš-ka-''[''a-ti''], see (Kurtik g05) [[GAM-ti|GAM-''ti'']].
|Example
|-
|'''Lists of ziqpu-stars.'''
* (1) AO 6478: 
** (a) 5/6 MA.NA MIN (= ''šuqultu'') | 5 UŠ ''i-na'' KI.MIN(= ''ina qaqqari'') | 9 IGI DANNA ''ina'' KI.MIN(=''ina šamê'') / TA MUL ''ša''<sub>2</sub> ''maš-a-ti'' | EN MUL ''ša''<sub>2</sub> ''taš''<sup>!</sup> ''ka-a-ti'' "5/6 min in weight, 50 on earth, 9000 miles in the sky / From stars of the Pairs to stars of the Triplets", 
** (b) 1⅔ MA.NA KI.MIN | 10 UŠ ''i-na'' KI.MIN | 18 IGI DANNA ''ina'' KI.MIN / TA MUL ''ša''<sub>2</sub> ''taš''<sup>!</sup>-.''ka-a-ti'' | EN <sup>mul</sup>DILI "1⅔ min in weight, 100 on earth, 18,000 miles in the sky / From the star of the Triplets to the Separate Star" [Thureau-Dangin 1913, 216: 11-14; TU, 21:11-14; HBA, 132; Schaumberger 1952, 228-229]; for a parallel (EN MUL ''tak-ša''<sub>2</sub>-˹''a''˺-[...]) see. [CT 26, 50, K. 9794:2-3]. 
* (2) VAT 16436: MUL<sub>2</sub> ''tak-ša''<sub>2</sub>-''a-tu''<sub>2</sub> // 2 // 13 IGI 4 ME 60 KUŠ<sub>3</sub> (field correction: 1 IGI) "Stars (of) Triplets // 2 (stars) // 13460 cubits (correction: 1000 cubits)" [Schaumberger 1952, 226-227:22]. 
* (3) Sippar Planisphere: 5 ˹UŠ˺ ''ana'' MUL ''ta''[''k-š'']''a''<sub>2</sub>-''a-tum'' "50 to the star (of) the Tri[pl]ets" [Horowitz-al-Rawi 2001, 171-173:5]; for a parallel see BM 61677 [ibid., 180:2'].
|
|-
|'''GU text.'''
* (R) mul ''tak-ša''<sub>2</sub>-''a-tu''<sub>2</sub> "star (from) the Triplet" (ziqpu V: δ Her) [Pingree-Walker 1988, BM 78161:28], see (Kurtik p03) [[PA.BIL.SAG]].
|
|-
|'''LBAT 1502.'''
* [<sup>múl</sup>''zi-ba-ni-t'']''u''<sub>4</sub> <sup>d</sup>''šar''<sub>2</sub>-''ur''<sub>4</sub> ''u'' <sup>d</sup>''šar''<sub>2</sub>-''gaz'' KI.MIN(= MUL<sub>2</sub> AN.TA.ŠUR.RA) | ''tak''<sup>!</sup>-''ša''<sub>2</sub>-''a-tu''<sub>2</sub> ''ana ziq-pi'' 13 [...] "[Lib]ra, Sharur and Shargaz are the stars of Antashurra. (The star from) the Triplet culminates. 13 [...]" [Donbaz-Koch 1995, 76: i 12, ii 11' + Anm. 49].
|
|-
|'''Late Astrology.''' 
U.197: 

* <sup>múl</sup>''tak-ša''<sub>2</sub>-''a-tum'' [...] [Sachs 1952, 75:6'].
|
|}
===Additional===

===== Previous Identification. =====
         = α Herculis (Rasalgeti) [Schaumberger 1952, 219-220, 229:V]

         = δ Herculis [Pingree-Walker 1988, 321, R 1; ASM, 93].

         = α Herculis [Koch 1992, 60: 28-29].

         = α + δ Herculis [ASM, 89].

==Historical Dictionaries==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col" style="width: 60%;" |Kurtik (2022, t01)
! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" |Gössmann (1950)
|-
|«Звезда из Тройни»; = ziqpu V, звезда или группа из двух звезд в Геркулесе (Hercules) [G. 166, 394; AHw, 1309, takšu].
I. Источники.

Наблюдение времен Саргона II кульминации MUL taš-ka-[a-ti], см. g05GAM-ti. Списки ziqpu-звезд. (1) AO 6478: a) 5/6 MA.NA MIN (= šuqultu) | 5 UŠ i-na KI.MIN(= ina qaqqari) | 9 IGI DANNA ina KI.MIN(=ina šamê) / TA MUL ša<sub>2</sub> maš-a-ti | EN MUL ša<sub>2</sub> taš<sup>!</sup>-ka-a-ti «5/6 мины веса,  50 на земле, 9000 миль на небе / От звезды из Пары до звезды из Тройни», b) 1⅔ MA.NA KI.MIN | 10 UŠ i-na KI.MIN | 18 IGI DANNA ina KI.MIN / TA MUL ša<sub>2</sub> taš<sup>!</sup>-ka-a-ti | EN <sup>mul</sup>DILI «1⅔ мины веса, 100 на земле, 18000 миль на небе / От звезды из Тройни до Отдельной звезды» [Thureau-Dangin 1913, 216: 11–14; TU, 21:11–14; HBA, 132; Schaumberger 1952, 228–229]; параллель (EN MUL tak-ša<sub>2</sub>-˹a˺-[..])  см. [CT 26, 50, K. 9794:2–3]. (2) VAT 16436: MUL<sub>2</sub> tak-ša<sub>2</sub>-a-tu<sub>2</sub> // 2 // 13 IGI 4 ME 60 KUŠ<sub>3</sub> (исправление на поле: 1 IGI) «Звезды (из) Тройни // 2 (звезды) // 13460 локтей (исправление: 1000 локтей)» [Schaumberger 1952, 226–227:22]. (3) Sippar Planisphere: 5 ˹UŠ˺ ana MUL ta[k-š]a<sub>2</sub>-a-tum «50 до звезды (из) Тр[ой]ни» [Horowitz–al-Rawi 2001, 171–173:5]; параллель см. в BM 61677 [ibid., 180:2']. GU-текст. (R) mul tak-ša<sub>2</sub>-a-tu<sub>2</sub> «звезда (из) Тройни» (ziqpu V: δ Her) [Pingree–Walker 1988, BM 78161:28], см. p03PA.BIL.SAG. LBAT 1502. [<sup>múl</sup>zi-ba-ni-t]u<sub>4</sub> <sup>d</sup>šar<sub>2</sub>-ur<sub>4</sub> u <sup>d</sup>šar<sub>2</sub>-gaz KI.MIN(= MUL<sub>2</sub> AN.TA.ŠUR.RA) | tak<sup>!</sup>-ša<sub>2</sub>-a-tu<sub>2</sub> ana ziq-pi 13 […] «[Вес]ы, Шарур и Шаргаз — звезды Анташурра. (Звезда из) Тройни кульминирует. 13 […]» [Donbaz–Koch 1995, 76: i 12, ii 11' + Anm. 49]. Поздняя астрология. U.197: <sup>múl</sup>tak-ša<sub>2</sub>-a-tum […] [Sachs 1952, 75:6'].

II. Отождествление.

= α Herculis (Расальгети) [Schaumberger 1952, 219–220, 229:V]

= δ Herculis [Pingree–Walker 1988, 321, R 1; ASM, 93].

= α Herculis [Koch 1992, 60: 28–29].

= α + δ Herculis [ASM, 89].
|Example
|}
==References ==
*[[References (Babylonian)|Kurtik's references]]
[[Category:Mesopotamian]] 
[[Category:Akkadian]] 
[[Category:West Asian]] 
[[Category:Eurasia]]
[[Category:Cuneiform]]