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Authors: Gennady E. Kurtik, {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
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<sup>(mul)</sup>DILI (𒀯𒀸) is a general term referring to single-star asterisms, typically one-star features of constellations or constellation parts.  Examples include  MUL DILI ''ša<sub>2</sub>'' KUN-''šu'', the single star of its (the Lion's)  tail (β [[Leo]]<nowiki/>nis) and the single star in the knee of the ‘the Goat’ (μ [[Hercules|Her]]).  Kurtik (2007) has two entries, (d07) [[DILI]] and (d08) DILI ''ša<sub>2</sub>'' KUN-''šu<sub>2</sub>'' (the single star in Leo) that we merge here.
<sup>(mul)</sup>DILI (𒀯𒀸) is a general term referring to single-star asterisms, typically one-star features of constellations or constellation parts.  Examples include  MUL DILI ''ša<sub>2</sub>'' KUN-''šu'', the single star of its (the Lion's)  tail (β [[Leo]]<nowiki/>nis) and the single star in the knee of ‘the Goat’ (μ [[Hercules|Her]]).  Kurtik (2007) has two entries, (d07) [[DILI]] and (d08) DILI ''ša<sub>2</sub>'' KUN-''šu<sub>2</sub>'' (the single star in Leo) that we merge here.


== Concordance, Etymology, History ==
== Concordance, Etymology, History ==
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Variant readings:
Variant readings:


* <sup>mul</sup>DIL, <sup>mul</sup>AŠ; = ''ēdu'' "single, unique, separate (star)";
* <sup>mul</sup>DIL, <sup>mul</sup>AŠ = ''ēdu'' "single, unique, separate (star)";
Var. designations:  
Var. designations:  


* 1) = ziqpu VI, a group of stars in Hercules [Gössmann<ref>''Gössmann P.F''. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).</ref> 108; AHw<ref>''Soden von W''. Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. Wiesbaden, 1985.</ref>, 1495a],
* 1) = ''ziqpu'' VI, a group of stars in Hercules [Gössmann<ref>''Gössmann P.F''. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).</ref> 108; AHw<ref>''Soden von W''. Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. Wiesbaden, 1985.</ref>, 1495a],
* 2) in the title of ziqpu XXIV, see (Kurtik d08) DILI ''ša''<sub>2</sub> KUN-''šu''<sub>2</sub>.
* 2) in the title of ''ziqpu'' XXIV, see (Kurtik d08) DILI ''ša''<sub>2</sub> KUN-''šu''<sub>2</sub>.
Special Case (Kurtik, d08):
Special Case (Kurtik, d08):
*"the single star on its (Leo's) tail" = ziqpu XXIV (β Leonis) [Gössmann<ref>''Gössmann P.F''. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).</ref> 162, IV 3].
*"the single star on its (Leo's) tail" = ''ziqpu'' XXIV (β Leonis) [Gössmann<ref>''Gössmann P.F''. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).</ref> 162, IV 3].


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
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!Sources!!Identifications
!Sources!!Identifications
|-
|-
|'''Lists of ziqpu stars.'''
|'''Lists of ''ziqpu'' stars.'''
* (1) AO 6478:
* (1) AO 6478:
** a) 1⅔ MA.NA MIN(=''šuqultu'') | 10 UŠ ''i-na'' KI.MIN(= ''ina qaqqari'') | 18 ''lim'' DANNA ''ina'' KI.MIN(=''ina šamê'') / TA MUL ''ša<sub>2</sub>'' ''taš''<sup>!</sup>''-ka-a-ti'' | EN <sup>mul</sup>DILI "1⅔ mina weight, 10° on earth, 18,000 miles in the sky / From the triplets star to the single star",
** a) 1⅔ MA.NA MIN(=''šuqultu'') | 10 UŠ ''i-na'' KI.MIN(= ''ina qaqqari'') | 18 ''lim'' DANNA ''ina'' KI.MIN(=''ina šamê'') / TA MUL ''ša<sub>2</sub>'' ''taš''<sup>!</sup>''-ka-a-ti'' | EN <sup>mul</sup>DILI "1⅔ mina weight, 10° on earth, 18,000 miles in the sky / From the triplets star to the single star",
** b) 1⅔ MA.NA MIN | 10 UŠ ''i-na'' KI. MIN | 18 ''lim'' DANNA ''ina'' KI.MIN / TA <sup>mul</sup>DILI | EN <sup>mul</sup>GAŠAN.TIN "1⅔ mina weight, 10° on earth, 18,000 miles in the sky / From the single  star to the Lady of Life" [Thureau-Dangin 1913, 216:13-16; TU<ref>''Thureau-Dangin F''. Tablettes d’Uruk. Paris, 1922 (= TCL 6).</ref>, 21:13-16; HBA<ref>''Weidner E.'' Handbuch der babylonischen Astronomie. Bd. I. Leipzig, 1915.</ref>, 132; Schaumberger 1952<ref>''Schaumberger J.  ''Die Ziqpu-Gestirne nach neuen Keilschrift-texten // ZA. 1952. Bd. 50 (N.F. 16). S. 214-229.</ref>, 228-229]; for a parallel see. [CT<ref>''Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets in the British Museum.''</ref> 26, 50, K. 9794:4-5]
** b) 1⅔ MA.NA MIN | 10 UŠ ''i-na'' KI. MIN | 18 ''lim'' DANNA ''ina'' KI.MIN / TA <sup>mul</sup>DILI | EN <sup>mul</sup>GAŠAN.TIN "1⅔ mina weight, 10° on earth, 18,000 miles in the sky / From the single  star to the Lady of Life" [Thureau-Dangin 1913, 216:13-16; TU<ref>''Thureau-Dangin F''. Tablettes d’Uruk. Paris, 1922 (= TCL 6).</ref>, 21:13-16; HBA<ref>''Weidner E.'' Handbuch der babylonischen Astronomie. Bd. I. Leipzig, 1915.</ref>, 132; Schaumberger 1952<ref>''Schaumberger J.  ''Die Ziqpu-Gestirne nach neuen Keilschrift-texten // ZA. 1952. Bd. 50 (N.F. 16). S. 214-229.</ref>, 228-229]; for a parallel see [CT<ref>''Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets in the British Museum.''</ref> 26, 50, K. 9794:4-5]
** c) 1⅔ MA.NA MIN(=''šuqultu'') | 10 UŠ ''i-na'' KI.MIN(=''ina qaqqari'') | 18 ''lim'' DANNA ''ina'' KI.MIN(=''ina šamê'') / TA MUL 2 ''ša''<sub>2</sub> GIŠ. KUN-''šu''<sub>2</sub> | EN MUL DILI ''ša''<sub>2</sub> KUN-''šu''<sub>2</sub> "1⅔ mina weight, 10° on earth, 18000 miles in the sky / From the 2 stars of its hips to the single star of its  tail",
** c) 1⅔ MA.NA MIN(=''šuqultu'') | 10 UŠ ''i-na'' KI.MIN(=''ina qaqqari'') | 18 ''lim'' DANNA ''ina'' KI.MIN(=''ina šamê'') / TA MUL 2 ''ša''<sub>2</sub> GIŠ.KUN-''šu''<sub>2</sub> | EN MUL DILI ''ša''<sub>2</sub> KUN-''šu''<sub>2</sub> "1⅔ mina weight, 10° on earth, 18,000 miles in the sky / From the 2 stars of its hips to the single star of its  tail",
** d) 1⅔ MA. NA MIN | 10 UŠ ''i-na'' KI.MIN | 18 ''lim'' DANNA ''ina'' KI.MIN / TA MUL DILI ''ša''<sub>2</sub> KUN-''šu''<sub>2</sub> | EN <sup>mul</sup>A.EDIN "1⅔ mina weight, 10°  on earth, 18000 miles in the sky / From the single  star on its tail to the Branch" [Thureau-Dangin 1913, 217:17-20; TU<ref>''Thureau-Dangin F''. Tablettes d’Uruk. Paris, 1922 (= TCL 6).</ref>, 21 r. 17-20; HBA<ref>''Weidner E.'' Handbuch der babylonischen Astronomie. Bd. I. Leipzig, 1915.</ref>, 133; Schaumberger 1952<ref>''Schaumberger J.  ''Die Ziqpu-Gestirne nach neuen Keilschrift-texten // ZA. 1952. Bd. 50 (N.F. 16). S. 214-229.</ref>, 228-229].
** d) 1⅔ MA.NA MIN | 10 UŠ ''i-na'' KI.MIN | 18 ''lim'' DANNA ''ina'' KI.MIN / TA MUL DILI ''ša''<sub>2</sub> KUN-''šu''<sub>2</sub> | EN <sup>mul</sup>A.EDIN "1⅔ mina weight, 10°  on earth, 18,000 miles in the sky / From the single  star on its tail to the Branch" [Thureau-Dangin 1913, 217:17-20; TU<ref>''Thureau-Dangin F''. Tablettes d’Uruk. Paris, 1922 (= TCL 6).</ref>, 21 r. 17-20; HBA<ref>''Weidner E.'' Handbuch der babylonischen Astronomie. Bd. I. Leipzig, 1915.</ref>, 133; Schaumberger 1952<ref>''Schaumberger J.  ''Die Ziqpu-Gestirne nach neuen Keilschrift-texten // ZA. 1952. Bd. 50 (N.F. 16). S. 214-229.</ref>, 228-229].
* (2) VAT 16436:  
* (2) VAT 16436:  
** (a) MUL<sub>2</sub> ''e-du'' // 1 ''ša''<sub>2</sub>-''niš'' 2 // 10 ''lim'' 6 ''me'' KUŠ<sub>3</sub> "Individual star // 1 or 2 (stars) // 10600 cubits." [Schaumberger 1952<ref>''Schaumberger J.  ''Die Ziqpu-Gestirne nach neuen Keilschrift-texten // ZA. 1952. Bd. 50 (N.F. 16). S. 214-229.</ref>, 226-227:23].
** (a) MUL<sub>2</sub> ''e-du'' // 1 ''ša''<sub>2</sub>-''niš'' 2 // 10 ''lim'' 6 ''me'' KUŠ<sub>3</sub> "Individual star // 1 or 2 (stars) // 10600 cubits." [Schaumberger 1952<ref>''Schaumberger J.  ''Die Ziqpu-Gestirne nach neuen Keilschrift-texten // ZA. 1952. Bd. 50 (N.F. 16). S. 214-229.</ref>, 226-227:23].
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* (5) Sippar Planisphere:  
* (5) Sippar Planisphere:  
** (a) 10 UŠ ''ana'' MUL ''e-du'' "10° to the Single Star" (rev. 6) [Horowitz and al-Rawi 2001<ref>''Horowitz W., al-Rawi F.N.H''. Tablets from the Sippar Library IX. A Ziqpu-Star Planisphere // Iraq. 2001. V. LXIII. P. 171-181.</ref>, 171-173:6]; for a parallel, see BM 61677 [ibid.<ref>''Horowitz W., al-Rawi F.N.H''. Tablets from the Sippar Library IX. A Ziqpu-Star Planisphere // Iraq. 2001. V. LXIII. P. 171-181.</ref> 180:3'].
** (a) 10 UŠ ''ana'' MUL ''e-du'' "10° to the Single Star" (rev. 6) [Horowitz and al-Rawi 2001<ref>''Horowitz W., al-Rawi F.N.H''. Tablets from the Sippar Library IX. A Ziqpu-Star Planisphere // Iraq. 2001. V. LXIII. P. 171-181.</ref>, 171-173:6]; for a parallel, see BM 61677 [ibid.<ref>''Horowitz W., al-Rawi F.N.H''. Tablets from the Sippar Library IX. A Ziqpu-Star Planisphere // Iraq. 2001. V. LXIII. P. 171-181.</ref> 180:3'].
** (b) [10 U]Š DANNA ''ana e''-˹''du''˺ ''ša''<sub>2</sub> MUL KUN-''šu''<sub>2</sub> "[10°] to the single star on its tail" (rev. 23),
** (b) [10 U]Š DANNA ''ana e''-˹''du''˺ ''ša''<sub>2</sub> MUL KUN-''šu''<sub>2</sub> "[10°] to the single star on its tail" (rev. 23),
** (c) ''e''<sup>!</sup>-˹''du''˺ ''ša''<sub>2</sub> KUN-''šu''<sub>2</sub> "single  (star) on its tail," the diagram shows 1 point (obv., Segment 4) [Horowitz and al-Rawi 2001<ref>''Horowitz W., al-Rawi F.N.H''. Tablets from the Sippar Library IX. A Ziqpu-Star Planisphere // Iraq. 2001. V. LXIII. P. 171-181.</ref>, 172-173:23, 176-178].
** (c) ''e''<sup>!</sup>-˹''du''˺ ''ša''<sub>2</sub> KUN-''šu''<sub>2</sub> "single  (star) on its tail," the diagram shows 1 point (obv., Segment 4) [Horowitz and al-Rawi 2001<ref>''Horowitz W., al-Rawi F.N.H''. Tablets from the Sippar Library IX. A Ziqpu-Star Planisphere // Iraq. 2001. V. LXIII. P. 171-181.</ref>, 172-173:23, 176-178].
|Example
|Example
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| '''GU text.'''
| '''GU text.'''
* (J) ''ēdu''(AŠ) ''ša''<sub>2</sub> kun <sup>mul</sup>ur.a [Pingree and Walker 1988, BM 78161:16], see (Kurtik u17) [[UR.A]].
* (J) ''ēdu''(AŠ) ''ša''<sub>2</sub> kun <sup>mul</sup>ur.a [Pingree and Walker 1988, BM 78161:16], see (Kurtik u17) [[UR.A]].
* (S) [mul] ''e''-˹''du''˺ [''ša''<sub>2</sub>] ''kin-ṣi'' <sup>mul</sup>uz<sub>3</sub> "single  star on the knee of the Goat" (= ziqpu VI: μ Her) [Pingree and Walker 1988<ref>''Pingree D., Walker C.'' A Babylonian Star-Catalogue: BM 78161 / Fs. Sachs, 1988. P. 313-322.</ref>, BM 78161:30], see also (Kurtik u31) [[UZ3|UZ<sub>3</sub>]].
* (S) [mul] ''e''-˹''du''˺ [''ša''<sub>2</sub>] ''kin-ṣi'' <sup>mul</sup>uz<sub>3</sub> "single  star on the knee of the Goat" (= ''ziqpu'' VI: μ Her) [Pingree and Walker 1988<ref>''Pingree D., Walker C.'' A Babylonian Star-Catalogue: BM 78161 / Fs. Sachs, 1988. P. 313-322.</ref>, BM 78161:30], see also (Kurtik u31) [[UZ3|UZ<sub>3</sub>]].
|Example
|Example
|-
|-
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|
|
|-
|-
|'''Culminations of ziqpu stars.'''
|'''Culminations of ''ziqpu'' stars.'''
* (1) LBAT 1502. [...] ''u'' DAR<sup>?</sup>.LUGAL MUL<sub>2</sub> AN.TA.GUB | 1 ''ša''<sub>2</sub> <<GIŠ>>.KUN-''šu''<sub>2</sub> ''ana ziq-pi'' ˹10˺ [...] "[...] and the Rooster — the Antagub star. One (star) on its tail culminates. 10 [...]" [Donbaz and Koch 1995<ref>''Donbaz V., Koch J.'' Ein Astrolab der dritten Generation: Nv. 10 // JCS. 1995. Vol. 47. P. 63-83.</ref>, 76 i 4', ii 3'].  
* (1) LBAT 1502. [...] ''u'' DAR<sup>?</sup>.LUGAL MUL<sub>2</sub> AN.TA.GUB | 1 ''ša''<sub>2</sub> <<GIŠ>>.KUN-''šu''<sub>2</sub> ''ana ziq-pi'' ˹10˺ [...] "[...] and the Rooster — the Antagub star. One (star) on its tail culminates. 10 [...]" [Donbaz and Koch 1995<ref>''Donbaz V., Koch J.'' Ein Astrolab der dritten Generation: Nv. 10 // JCS. 1995. Vol. 47. P. 63-83.</ref>, 76 i 4', ii 3'].  
|
|
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==== II. Identification '''('''DILI). ====
==== II. Identification '''('''DILI). ====
         Ziqpu VI = μ Herculis, ziqpu XXIV = β Leonis [Schaumberger 1952<ref>''Schaumberger J.  ''Die Ziqpu-Gestirne nach neuen Keilschrift-texten // ZA. 1952. Bd. 50 (N.F. 16). S. 214-229.</ref>, 229; Pingree and Walker 1988<ref>''Pingree D., Walker C.'' A Babylonian Star-Catalogue: BM 78161 / Fs. Sachs, 1988. P. 313-322.</ref>, 320-321; Koch 1992<ref>''Koch J.'' Der Sternenkatalog BM 78161 // WO. 1992. Bd. 23. S. 39-67.</ref>, 60; ASM<ref>''Hunger H., Pingree D.'' Astral Sciences in Mesopotamia. Leiden-Boston-Köln, 1999.</ref>, 86].
         ''Ziqpu'' VI = μ Herculis, ''ziqpu'' XXIV = β Leonis [Schaumberger 1952<ref>''Schaumberger J.  ''Die Ziqpu-Gestirne nach neuen Keilschrift-texten // ZA. 1952. Bd. 50 (N.F. 16). S. 214-229.</ref>, 229; Pingree and Walker 1988<ref>''Pingree D., Walker C.'' A Babylonian Star-Catalogue: BM 78161 / Fs. Sachs, 1988. P. 313-322.</ref>, 320-321; Koch 1992<ref>''Koch J.'' Der Sternenkatalog BM 78161 // WO. 1992. Bd. 23. S. 39-67.</ref>, 60; Hunger and Pingree 1999<ref>''Hunger H., Pingree D.'' Astral Sciences in Mesopotamia. Leiden-Boston-Köln, 1999.</ref>, 86].


         See. also (Kurtik u31) [[UZ3|UZ<sub>3</sub>]], V 2
         See. also (Kurtik u31) [[UZ3|UZ<sub>3</sub>]], V 2


==== III. Identification (DILI ''ša''<sub>2</sub> KUN-''šu''<sub>2</sub>). ====
==== III. Identification (DILI ''ša''<sub>2</sub> KUN-''šu''<sub>2</sub>). ====
         Ziqpu XXIV = β Leonis [Schaumberger 1952<ref>''Schaumberger J.  ''Die Ziqpu-Gestirne nach neuen Keilschrift-texten // ZA. 1952. Bd. 50 (N.F. 16). S. 214-229.</ref>, 229; Pingree and Walker 1988<ref>''Pingree D., Walker C.'' A Babylonian Star-Catalogue: BM 78161 / Fs. Sachs, 1988. P. 313-322.</ref>, 320-321; Koch 1992<ref>''Koch J.'' Der Sternenkatalog BM 78161 // WO. 1992. Bd. 23. S. 39-67.</ref>, 58; ASM<ref>''Hunger H., Pingree D.'' Astral Sciences in Mesopotamia. Leiden-Boston-Köln, 1999.</ref> 86].
         ''Ziqpu'' XXIV = β Leonis [Schaumberger 1952<ref>''Schaumberger J.  ''Die Ziqpu-Gestirne nach neuen Keilschrift-texten // ZA. 1952. Bd. 50 (N.F. 16). S. 214-229.</ref>, 229; Pingree and Walker 1988<ref>''Pingree D., Walker C.'' A Babylonian Star-Catalogue: BM 78161 / Fs. Sachs, 1988. P. 313-322.</ref>, 320-321; Koch 1992<ref>''Koch J.'' Der Sternenkatalog BM 78161 // WO. 1992. Bd. 23. S. 39-67.</ref>, 58; Hunger and Pingree 1999<ref>''Hunger H., Pingree D.'' Astral Sciences in Mesopotamia. Leiden-Boston-Köln, 1999.</ref> 86].
==Historical Dictionaries==
==Historical Dictionaries==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
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|
|
|-
|-
|вар. чтения: <sup>mul</sup>DIL, <sup>mul</sup>AŠ; = ēdu «единственная, отдельная (звезда)»; 1) = ziqpu VI, группа звезд в Геркулесе (Hercules) [G. 108; AHw, 1495a], 2) в названии  ziqpu XXIV, см. d08DILI ša<sub>2</sub> KUN-šu<sub>2</sub>.
|вар. чтения: <sup>mul</sup>DIL, <sup>mul</sup>AŠ; = ēdu «единственная, отдельная (звезда)»; 1) = ziqpu VI, группа звезд в Геркулесе (Hercules) [Gössmann 1950,  108; AHw, 1495a], 2) в названии  ziqpu XXIV, см. d08DILI ša<sub>2</sub> KUN-šu<sub>2</sub>.
I. Источники.
I. Источники.


Line 86: Line 86:
II. Отождествление.
II. Отождествление.


Ziqpu VI = μ Herculis, ziqpu XXIV =  β Leonis [Schaumberger 1952, 229; Pingree–Walker 1988, 320–321; Koch 1992, 60; ASM, 86].
Ziqpu VI = μ Herculis, ziqpu XXIV =  β Leonis [Schaumberger 1952, 229; Pingree–Walker 1988, 320–321; Koch 1992, 60; Hunger-Pingree 1999, 86].


См. также u31UZ<sub>3</sub>, V 2.
См. также u31UZ<sub>3</sub>, V 2.
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|
|
|-
|-
|«Отдельная звезда на его (Льва) хвосте»; = ziqpu XXIV (β Leonis) [G. 162, IV 3].
|«Отдельная звезда на его (Льва) хвосте»; = ziqpu XXIV (β Leonis) [Gössmann 1950,  162, IV 3].
I. Источники.
I. Источники.


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II. Отождествление.
II. Отождествление.


Ziqpu XXIV = β Leonis [Schaumberger 1952, 229; Pingree–Walker 1988, 320–321; Koch 1992, 58; ASM 86].
Ziqpu XXIV = β Leonis [Schaumberger 1952, 229; Pingree–Walker 1988, 320–321; Koch 1992, 58; Hunger-Pingree 1999 86].
|
|
|}
|}

Latest revision as of 13:41, 14 April 2026

Authors: Gennady E. Kurtik, Euin Choung Kim, David Hilder, Susanne M Hoffmann, Wayne Horowitz, Hermann Hunger, Jan Safford

(mul)DILI (𒀯𒀸) is a general term referring to single-star asterisms, typically one-star features of constellations or constellation parts.  Examples include  MUL DILI ša2 KUN-šu, the single star of its (the Lion's) tail (β Leonis) and the single star in the knee of ‘the Goat’ (μ Her).  Kurtik (2007) has two entries, (d07) DILI and (d08) DILI ša2 KUN-šu2 (the single star in Leo) that we merge here.

Concordance, Etymology, History

Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim

Variant readings:

  • mulDIL, mulAŠ = ēdu "single, unique, separate (star)";

Var. designations:

  • 1) = ziqpu VI, a group of stars in Hercules [Gössmann[1] 108; AHw[2], 1495a],
  • 2) in the title of ziqpu XXIV, see (Kurtik d08) DILI ša2 KUN-šu2.

Special Case (Kurtik, d08):

  • "the single star on its (Leo's) tail" = ziqpu XXIV (β Leonis) [Gössmann[3] 162, IV 3].
Sources Identifications
Lists of ziqpu stars.
  • (1) AO 6478:
    • a) 1⅔ MA.NA MIN(=šuqultu) | 10 UŠ i-na KI.MIN(= ina qaqqari) | 18 lim DANNA ina KI.MIN(=ina šamê) / TA MUL ša2 taš!-ka-a-ti | EN mulDILI "1⅔ mina weight, 10° on earth, 18,000 miles in the sky / From the triplets star to the single star",
    • b) 1⅔ MA.NA MIN | 10 UŠ i-na KI. MIN | 18 lim DANNA ina KI.MIN / TA mulDILI | EN mulGAŠAN.TIN "1⅔ mina weight, 10° on earth, 18,000 miles in the sky / From the single star to the Lady of Life" [Thureau-Dangin 1913, 216:13-16; TU[4], 21:13-16; HBA[5], 132; Schaumberger 1952[6], 228-229]; for a parallel see [CT[7] 26, 50, K. 9794:4-5]
    • c) 1⅔ MA.NA MIN(=šuqultu) | 10 UŠ i-na KI.MIN(=ina qaqqari) | 18 lim DANNA ina KI.MIN(=ina šamê) / TA MUL 2 ša2 GIŠ.KUN-šu2 | EN MUL DILI ša2 KUN-šu2 "1⅔ mina weight, 10° on earth, 18,000 miles in the sky / From the 2 stars of its hips to the single star of its tail",
    • d) 1⅔ MA.NA MIN | 10 UŠ i-na KI.MIN | 18 lim DANNA ina KI.MIN / TA MUL DILI ša2 KUN-šu2 | EN mulA.EDIN "1⅔ mina weight, 10° on earth, 18,000 miles in the sky / From the single star on its tail to the Branch" [Thureau-Dangin 1913, 217:17-20; TU[8], 21 r. 17-20; HBA[9], 133; Schaumberger 1952[10], 228-229].
  • (2) VAT 16436:
    • (a) MUL2 e-du // 1 ša2-niš 2 // 10 lim 6 me KUŠ3 "Individual star // 1 or 2 (stars) // 10600 cubits." [Schaumberger 1952[11], 226-227:23].
    • (b) MUL2 DILI ša2 KUN-šu2 // 1 // 7 lim 2 me KUŠ3 "A single star on its tail // 1 (star) // 7200 cubits" [Schaumberger 1952[12], 226-227:15].
  • (3) VAT 16437: 10 UŠ a-na e-DIL ša2 K[UN] "10° to the single (star) on the tail." [Schaumberger 1952[13], 225:18].
  • (4) BM 38369+:
    • a) TA 2 M[UL.ME]Š ša ra-pal-t[i-šu2] / ˹EN˺ [is-ḫu-]n-na-at KUN-šu ½ D[ANNA] "From the 2 st[ars] on its hi[ps], to the talon of its tail ½ m[ile] (=150)",
    • b) [TA i]s-ḫu-un-na-at KUN-[šu] / ˹EN˺ mul˹ŠU˺.PA 1 DAN[NA] "[From the ta]lon of [its] tail to ŠU.PA 1 mi[le] (300)." [Horowitz 1994a[14], 91-92:16-19].
  • (5) Sippar Planisphere:
    • (a) 10 UŠ ana MUL e-du "10° to the Single Star" (rev. 6) [Horowitz and al-Rawi 2001[15], 171-173:6]; for a parallel, see BM 61677 [ibid.[16] 180:3'].
    • (b) [10 U]Š DANNA ana e-˹du˺ ša2 MUL KUN-šu2 "[10°] to the single star on its tail" (rev. 23),
    • (c) e!-˹du˺ ša2 KUN-šu2 "single (star) on its tail," the diagram shows 1 point (obv., Segment 4) [Horowitz and al-Rawi 2001[17], 172-173:23, 176-178].
 Example
GU text.
  • (J) ēdu(AŠ) ša2 kun mulur.a [Pingree and Walker 1988, BM 78161:16], see (Kurtik u17) UR.A.
  • (S) [mul] e-˹du˺ [ša2] kin-ṣi muluz3 "single star on the knee of the Goat" (= ziqpu VI: μ Her) [Pingree and Walker 1988[18], BM 78161:30], see also (Kurtik u31) UZ3 (𒍚, Akkadian Enzu).
 Example
LBAT 1502.
  • [...] MUL2 AN.TA.ŠUR.RA | e-du ana ziq-pi 30 [...] "[...] — the stars of Antašurra. The single (star) culminates. 30 [...]" [Donbaz and Koch 1995[19], 76 i 13, ii 12'].
Culminations of ziqpu stars.
  • (1) LBAT 1502. [...] u DAR?.LUGAL MUL2 AN.TA.GUB | 1 ša2 <<GIŠ>>.KUN-šu2 ana ziq-pi ˹10˺ [...] "[...] and the Rooster — the Antagub star. One (star) on its tail culminates. 10 [...]" [Donbaz and Koch 1995[20], 76 i 4', ii 3'].
Anaphora.
  • A 3427: múlDILI ša2 KUN-šu2 (in determining the rising times of the twelfth sections of the zodiacal sign of Scorpius and Sagittarius) [Schaumberger 1955[21], 238-239: 1, 12-13, 15, 19].
Late astrology.
  • AO 6483: [...] múle-du E3-a uku2-in "(If a child is born, when) [...] a single star appears: he will be poor" [TU[22], 14 r. 31; Sachs 1952[23], 67, 70].
  • W 23313/3: [DIŠ K]I MUL e-du ša2 KUN-šu2 U3.TU DUMU.MUNUSmeš [...] "[If] he is born when the single star on its tail (culminates): daughters [...]" [SpTU V[24], 265:7'].

Additional

II. Identification (DILI).

         Ziqpu VI = μ Herculis, ziqpu XXIV = β Leonis [Schaumberger 1952[25], 229; Pingree and Walker 1988[26], 320-321; Koch 1992[27], 60; Hunger and Pingree 1999[28], 86].

         See. also (Kurtik u31) UZ3 (𒍚, Akkadian Enzu), V 2

III. Identification (DILI ša2 KUN-šu2).

         Ziqpu XXIV = β Leonis [Schaumberger 1952[29], 229; Pingree and Walker 1988[30], 320-321; Koch 1992[31], 58; Hunger and Pingree 1999[32] 86].

Historical Dictionaries

Kurtik (2022, d07 & d08) Gössmann (1950)

Kurtik (2022, d7) DILI
вар. чтения: mulDIL, mulAŠ; = ēdu «единственная, отдельная (звезда)»; 1) = ziqpu VI, группа звезд в Геркулесе (Hercules) [Gössmann 1950, 108; AHw, 1495a], 2) в названии  ziqpu XXIV, см. d08DILI ša2 KUN-šu2.

I. Источники.

Списки ziqpu-звезд. (1) AO 6478: a) 1⅔ MA.NA MIN(=šuqultu) | 10 UŠ i-na KI.MIN(= ina qaqqari) | 18 IGI DANNA ina KI.MIN(=ina šamê) / TA MUL ša2 taš!-ka-a-ti | EN mulDILI «1⅔ мины веса, 100 на земле, 18000 миль на небе / От звезды из Тройни до Отдельной звезды», b) 1⅔ MA.NA MIN | 10 UŠ i-na KI.MIN | 18 IGI DANNA ina KI.MIN / TA mulDILI | EN mulGAŠAN.TIN «1⅔ мины веса, 100 на земле, 18000 миль на небе / От Отдельной звезды до Госпожи жизни» [Thureau-Dangin 1913, 216:13–16; TU, 21:13–16; HBA, 132; Schaumberger 1952, 228–229]; параллель см. [CT 26, 50, K. 9794:4–5]. (2) VAT 16436: MUL2 e-du // 1 ša2-niš 2 // 10 IGI 6 ME KUŠ3 «Отдельная звезда // 1 или 2 (звезды) // 10600 локтей» [Schaumberger 1952, 226–227:23]. (3) Sippar Planisphere: 10 UŠ ana MUL e-du «100 до Отдельной звезды» (rev. 6) [Horowitz–al-Rawi 2001, 171–173:6]; параллель см. в BM 61677 [ibid. 180:3']. GU-текст. (S) [mul] e-˹du˺ [ša2] kin-ṣi muluz3 «Отдельная звезда на колене Козы» (= ziqpu VI: μ Her) [Pingree–Walker 1988, BM 78161:30], см. также u31UZ3. LBAT 1502. […] MUL2 AN.TA.ŠUR.RA | e-du ana ziq-pi 30 […] «[…] — звезды Анташурра. Отдельная  (звезда) кульминирует. 30 […]» [Donbaz–Koch 1995, 76 i 13, ii 12']. Поздняя астрология. AO 6483: […] múle-du e3-a uku2-in  «(Если ребенок родился, когда) […] Отдельная звезда появляется: он будет беден» [TU, 14 r. 31; Sachs 1952, 67, 70].

II. Отождествление.

Ziqpu VI = μ Herculis, ziqpu XXIV =  β Leonis [Schaumberger 1952, 229; Pingree–Walker 1988, 320–321; Koch 1992, 60; Hunger-Pingree 1999, 86].

См. также u31UZ3, V 2.

Example

Kurtik (2022, d8) DILI ša2 KUN-šu2
«Отдельная звезда на его (Льва) хвосте»; = ziqpu XXIV (β Leonis) [Gössmann 1950, 162, IV 3].

I. Источники.

Списки ziqpu-звезд. (1) АО 6478: a) 1⅔ MA.NA MIN(=šuqultu) | 10 UŠ i-na KI.MIN(=ina qaqqari) | 18 IGI DANNA ina KI.MIN(=ina šamê) / TA MUL 2 ša2 GIŠ.KUN-šu2 | EN MUL DILI ša2 KUN-šu2 «1⅔ мины веса, 100 на земле, 18000 миль на небе / От 2 звезд на его хвосте до Отдельной звезды на его бедре», b) 1⅔ MA.NA MIN | 10 UŠ i-na KI.MIN | 18 IGI DANNA ina KI.MIN / TA MUL DILI ša2 KUN-šu2 | EN mulA.EDIN «1⅔ мины веса, 100 на земле, 18000 миль на небе / От Отдельной звезды на его хвосте до Ветви» [Thureau-Dangin 1913, 217:17–20; TU, 21 r. 17–20; HBA, 133; Schaumberger 1952, 228–229]. (2) VAT 16437: 10 UŠ a-na e-DIL ša2 K[UN] «100 до отдельной (звезды) на хвосте» [Schaumberger 1952, 225:18]. (3) VAT 16436: MUL2 DILI ša2 KUN-šu2 // 1 // 7 IGI 2 ME KUŠ3 «Отдельная звезда на его хвосте // 1 (звезда) // 7200 локтей» [Schaumberger 1952, 226–227:15]. (4) BM 38369+: a) TA 2 M[UL.ME]Š ša ra-pal-t[i-šu2] / ˹EN˺ [is-ḫu-u]n-na-at KUN-šu ½ D[ANNA] «От 2 зв[езд] на его бед[ре], до кисти его хвоста ½ м[или] (=150)», b) [TA i]s-ḫu-un-na-at KUN-[šu] / ˹EN˺ mul˹ŠU˺.PA 1 DAN[NA] «[От к]исти [его] хвоста до ŠU.PA 1 ми[ля] (300)» [Horowitz 1994a, 91–92:16–19]. (5) Sippar Planisphere: a) [10 U]Š DANNA ana e-˹du˺ ša2 MUL KUN-šu2 «[100] до Отдельной звезды на его хвосте» (rev. 23), b) e!-˹du˺ ša2 KUN-šu2 «Отдельная (звезда) на его хвосте», на диаграмме изображена 1 точка (obv., Segment 4)  [Horowitz–al-Rawi 2001, 172–173:23, 176–178]. GU-текст. (J) ēdu(AŠ) ša2 kun mulur.a [Pingree–Walker 1988, BM 78161:16], см. u17UR.A. Кульминации ziqpu-звезд. (1) LBAT 1502. […] u DAR?.LUGAL MUL2 AN.TA.GUB | 1 ša2 <<GIŠ>>.KUN-šu2 ana ziq-pi ˹10˺ […] «[…] и Петух — звезда Антагуб. Одна (звезда) на его хвосте кульминирует. 10 […]» [Donbaz–Koch 1995, 76 i 4', ii 3']. Aнафора. A 3427: múlDILI ša2 KUN-šu2 (при определении времен восхода двенадцатых частей знака зодиака Скорпион и Стрелец) [Schaumberger 1955, 238–239: 1, 12–13, 15, 19]. Поздняя астрология. W 23313/3: [DIŠ K]I MUL e-du ša2 KUN-šu2 U3.TU DUMU´MUNUSmeš […] «[Если] он, когда Отдельная звезда на его хвосте (кульминирует), родился: дочери […]» [SpTU V, 265:7'].

II. Отождествление.

Ziqpu XXIV = β Leonis [Schaumberger 1952, 229; Pingree–Walker 1988, 320–321; Koch 1992, 58; Hunger-Pingree 1999 86].

References

  1. ↑ Gössmann P.F. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).
  2. ↑ Soden von W. Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. Wiesbaden, 1985.
  3. ↑ Gössmann P.F. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).
  4. ↑ Thureau-Dangin F. Tablettes d’Uruk. Paris, 1922 (= TCL 6).
  5. ↑ Weidner E. Handbuch der babylonischen Astronomie. Bd. I. Leipzig, 1915.
  6. ↑ Schaumberger J.  Die Ziqpu-Gestirne nach neuen Keilschrift-texten // ZA. 1952. Bd. 50 (N.F. 16). S. 214-229.
  7. ↑ Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets in the British Museum.
  8. ↑ Thureau-Dangin F. Tablettes d’Uruk. Paris, 1922 (= TCL 6).
  9. ↑ Weidner E. Handbuch der babylonischen Astronomie. Bd. I. Leipzig, 1915.
  10. ↑ Schaumberger J.  Die Ziqpu-Gestirne nach neuen Keilschrift-texten // ZA. 1952. Bd. 50 (N.F. 16). S. 214-229.
  11. ↑ Schaumberger J.  Die Ziqpu-Gestirne nach neuen Keilschrift-texten // ZA. 1952. Bd. 50 (N.F. 16). S. 214-229.
  12. ↑ Schaumberger J.  Die Ziqpu-Gestirne nach neuen Keilschrift-texten // ZA. 1952. Bd. 50 (N.F. 16). S. 214-229.
  13. ↑ Schaumberger J.  Die Ziqpu-Gestirne nach neuen Keilschrift-texten // ZA. 1952. Bd. 50 (N.F. 16). S. 214-229.
  14. ↑ Horowitz W. Two New Ziqpu-Star Texts and Stellar Circles // JCS. 1994. Vol. 46. P. 89-98.
  15. ↑ Horowitz W., al-Rawi F.N.H. Tablets from the Sippar Library IX. A Ziqpu-Star Planisphere // Iraq. 2001. V. LXIII. P. 171-181.
  16. ↑ Horowitz W., al-Rawi F.N.H. Tablets from the Sippar Library IX. A Ziqpu-Star Planisphere // Iraq. 2001. V. LXIII. P. 171-181.
  17. ↑ Horowitz W., al-Rawi F.N.H. Tablets from the Sippar Library IX. A Ziqpu-Star Planisphere // Iraq. 2001. V. LXIII. P. 171-181.
  18. ↑ Pingree D., Walker C. A Babylonian Star-Catalogue: BM 78161 / Fs. Sachs, 1988. P. 313-322.
  19. ↑ Donbaz V., Koch J. Ein Astrolab der dritten Generation: Nv. 10 // JCS. 1995. Vol. 47. P. 63-83.
  20. ↑ Donbaz V., Koch J. Ein Astrolab der dritten Generation: Nv. 10 // JCS. 1995. Vol. 47. P. 63-83.
  21. ↑ Schaumberger J. Anaphora und Aufgangskalender in neuen Ziqpu-Texten // ZA. 1955. Bd. 55 (N.F. 17). S. 237-251.
  22. ↑ Thureau-Dangin F. Tablettes d’Uruk. Paris, 1922 (= TCL 6).
  23. ↑ Sachs A. Babylonian Horoscopes // JCS. 1952. V. 6. P. 49-75.
  24. ↑ URUK. Špätbabylonische Texte aus dem Planquadrat U 18. Teil V / Bearb. von Weiher E. von. Mainz am Rhein, 1998.
  25. ↑ Schaumberger J.  Die Ziqpu-Gestirne nach neuen Keilschrift-texten // ZA. 1952. Bd. 50 (N.F. 16). S. 214-229.
  26. ↑ Pingree D., Walker C. A Babylonian Star-Catalogue: BM 78161 / Fs. Sachs, 1988. P. 313-322.
  27. ↑ Koch J. Der Sternenkatalog BM 78161 // WO. 1992. Bd. 23. S. 39-67.
  28. ↑ Hunger H., Pingree D. Astral Sciences in Mesopotamia. Leiden-Boston-Köln, 1999.
  29. ↑ Schaumberger J.  Die Ziqpu-Gestirne nach neuen Keilschrift-texten // ZA. 1952. Bd. 50 (N.F. 16). S. 214-229.
  30. ↑ Pingree D., Walker C. A Babylonian Star-Catalogue: BM 78161 / Fs. Sachs, 1988. P. 313-322.
  31. ↑ Koch J. Der Sternenkatalog BM 78161 // WO. 1992. Bd. 23. S. 39-67.
  32. ↑ Hunger H., Pingree D. Astral Sciences in Mesopotamia. Leiden-Boston-Köln, 1999.
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