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| {{DISPLAYTITLE:<sup>mul</sup>GIBIL<sub>6</sub>, ''Girra''}} | | {{DISPLAYTITLE:<sup>mul</sup>GIBIL<sub>6</sub>, ''Girra''}} |
| Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
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| ----
| | #REDIRECT [[Girra]] |
| <sup>mul</sup>GIBIL<sub>6</sub> (𒀯𒉈𒄀) is the astral manifestation of the Sumero-Akkadian fire-god Girra. In Old Babylonian Prayers to the Gods of the Night, Girra is an independent constellation which may also be the case in the contemporary myth 'Girra and Elamatum' when complete. Later, Girra becomes identified with Mars because of the planet's fiery red-orange color (see Horowitz 2020: 142-143).
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| ???Probably to be added NE.GI.IZI,GAR = N13???
| | [[Category:Mesopotamian]] [[Category:Sumerian]] [[Category:West Asian]] [[Category:Asian]] [[Category:Eurasia]] [[Category:Cuneiform]] [[Category:Solar System]] [[Category:Planet]] [[Category:Mars]] |
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| ==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==
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| Var. readings:
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| * 1) <sup>d</sup>BIL.GI, <sup>d</sup>NE.GI (GIBIL<sub>6</sub>); = <sup>d</sup>GIŠ.BAR; = <sup>d</sup>''Girru'', Sumero-Akkadian fire god, Girra.
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| * 2) epithet of Mars, see also (Kurtik g13) [[GIŠ.BAR]].
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| {| class="wikitable"
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| !Sources
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| !Identifications
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| |-
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| |'''"Prayers to the Gods of the Night."'''
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| Old Babylonian prayer:
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| * (a) Erm. 15642: ''na-wa-ru-um'' <sup>d</sup>BIL.GI "Brilliant Girra." [Horowitz 2000<ref>''Horowitz W.'' Astral Tablets in the Hermitage, Saint Petersburg // ZA. 2000. Bd. 90. S. 194-206</ref>, 196-197:15], and also [Shileiko 1924, 147; Dossin 1935<ref>''Dossin G''. Prières aux “Dieux de la nuit” (AO 6769) // RA 32, № 4, 179-190.</ref>, 180; von Soden 1936, 306],
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| * (b) AO 6769: ''nam-ru'' <sup>d</sup>BIL.GI "Brilliant Girra." [Dossin 1935, 181-182:16; Horowitz-Wasserman 1996<ref name=":0">''Horowitz W., Wasserman N.'' Another Old Babylonian Prayer to the Gods of the Night // JCS. 1996. Vol. 48. P. 57- 60.</ref>, 60],
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| * (c) CBS 574: ''šam-ru'' <sup>d</sup>GIB[IL<sub>6</sub>] "Fierce Gir[ra]" [Horowitz-Wasserman 1996<ref name=":0" />, 58:13].
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| |constellation
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| |'''Seleucid temple ritual.'''
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| * <sup>múl</sup>AN <sup>d</sup>BIL.GI ''ez-zu''... "Mars, the wrathful Girra ..." [RAcc 138, 153:308; Linssen 2004<ref>''Linssen, Marc J.H.'' The Cults of Uruk and Babylon : The Temple Ritual Texts as Evidence for Hellenistic Cult Practises. Cuneiform Monographs 25. Leiden, Boston : Brill, Styx. 2004.</ref>, 220:308].
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| * W. 22281a.
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| ** <sup>d</sup>BIL.GI ZALAG<sub>2</sub> ''ša''<sub>2</sub> IGI <sup>d</sup>''En-me-šar''<sub>2</sub>''-ra'' "The brilliant (fiery) Girra before Enmesharra" [SpTU I, 95:10ʹ]; for full text see (Kurtik h12) [[ḪUN.GA2|<sup>lú</sup>ḪUN.GA<sub>2</sub>]].
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| * List K 7069:
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| ** <sup>d</sup>EN.ME.ŠAR.R[A ...] / <sup>d</sup>EN.ME.ŠAR.RA[...] / MUL.MUL ''za-ap-pu'' [...] / <sup>mul</sup>BIL.GI IZI. GAR [...] / <sup>[m]ul</sup>ŠUDUN M[UL...] / <sup>[m]ul</sup>''ka-li-tum'' [...]
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| ** "Enmesharr[a...] / Enmesharra [...] / Stars, Stubble / Girra, light [...] / Yoke, S[tar...] / Kidney [...]" [CT 26, 49:4-9; Cooley 2013, 126]
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| * Mars
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| * double star cluster h+χ Per
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| *double star cluster h+χ Per
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| |} Cooley 2013: 126-129 discusses the astronomical myth 'Girra and Elamatum,' and what must be the related commentary of some sort K. 7609.
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| ==Historical Dictionaries==
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| {| class="wikitable"
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| ! scope="col" style="width: 60%;" |Kurtik (2022, g13)
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| ! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" |Gössmann (1950)
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| |вар. чтения: <sup>d</sup>BIL.GI, <sup>d</sup>NE.GI; = <sup>d</sup>GIŠ.BAR; = <sup>d</sup>Girru, бог огня Гирру/Гирра; 1) звезда или созвездие, 2) эпитет Марса, см. также g13GIŠ.BAR.
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| I. Источники.
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| «Молитвы ночным богам». Старовавилонская молитва: а) Erm. 15642: na-wa-ru-um <sup>d</sup>BIL:GI «Блестящий Гирра» [Horowitz 2000, 196–197:15], а также [Шилейко 1924, 147; Dossin 1935, 180; von Soden 1936, 306], b). AO 6769: nam-ru <sup>d</sup>BIL:GI «Блестящий Гирра» [Dossin 1935, 181–182:16; Horowitz 1996, 60], c) CBS 574: šam-ru <sup>d</sup>GIB[IL<sub>6</sub>] «Свирепый Гир[ра]» [Horowitz–Wasserman 1996, 58:13]. Селевкидский храмовый ритуал. <sup>múl</sup>AN <sup>d</sup>BIL:GI ez-zu… «Марс, гневный Гирра …» [RAcc 138, 153:308; Linssen 2004, 220:308]. W. 22281a. <sup>d</sup>BIL:GI ZALAG<sub>2</sub> ša<sub>2</sub> IGI <sup>d</sup>En-me-šar<sub>2</sub>-ra «Блестящий (огненный) Гирра перед Энмешаррой» [SpTU I, 95:10ʹ]; полный текст см. h12<sup>lú</sup>ḪUN.GA<sub>2</sub>. Список K 7069: <sup>d</sup>EN.ME.ŠAR.R[A …] / <sup>d</sup>EN.ME.ŠAR.RA[…] / MUL.MUL za-ap-pu […] / <sup>mul</sup>BIL.GI IZI.GAR […] / <sup>[m]ul</sup>ŠUDUN M[UL…] / <sup>[m]ul</sup>ka-li-tum […] «Энмешарр[а …] / Энмешарра […] / Звезды, Щетина / Гирра, свет […] / Ярмо, З[везда…] / Почка […]» [CT 26, 49:4–9; Cooley 2013, 126]
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| Отождествление Гирры с созвездием Небесный Бык см. [Cooley 2013, 126–129].
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| |Example
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| |}
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| ==References==
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| *[[References (Babylonian)|Kurtik's references]]
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| [[Category:Mesopotamian]] | |
| [[Category:Sumerian]] | |
| [[Category:West Asian]] [[Category:Asian]] | |
| [[Category:Eurasia]] | |
| [[Category:Cuneiform]] | |
| [[Category:Solar System]] | |
| [[Category:Planet]] | |
| [[Category:Mars]][[ | |
| [[Category:Constellation]] | | [[Category:Constellation]] |
| [[Category:Deity]] | | [[Category:Deity]] |
