GI6: Difference between revisions

From All Skies Encyclopaedia
GI6
← Older edit
Sushoff (talk | contribs)
Administrators, Bureaucrats, User, Bureaucrats, Interface administrators, Administrators
14,730 edits
VisualWikitext
JanSafford (talk | contribs)
265 edits
Sushoff (talk | contribs)
Administrators, Bureaucrats, User, Bureaucrats, Interface administrators, Administrators
14,730 edits
 
(11 intermediate revisions by 4 users not shown)
Line 2: Line 2:
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
----
<sup>mul</sup>GI<sub>6</sub> (𒀯𒈪), 'the Dark or Black-star' is used for both the planets Mercury and Saturn. Mercury and Saturn are the two hardest planets to find and identify with the naked eye.
<sup>mul</sup>GI<sub>6</sub> (𒀯𒈪), 'the Dark or Black-star' is used as a name for both the planets Mercury and Saturn.   Both planets are brighter than most of the stars which makes the term unjustified by observation, but reflects cultural associations.    


==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==
== Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref> ==
Var. readings:  
'''Var. readings:'''


* <sup>mul</sup>GIG<sub>2</sub>,  
* <sup>mul</sup>GIG<sub>2</sub>,  
Line 20: Line 20:
Series Ḫg. B VI:   
Series Ḫg. B VI:   


* (1) <sup>mul</sup>gi<sub>6</sub> = AN<sup>ṣa-al-me</sup>DUL<sub>3</sub> = MIN(=<sup>d</sup>SAG.UŠ <sup>d</sup>UTU) "Dark star = Shade = Saturn, (star) of the Sun". [MSL XI, 40:40; LAS 2, 343].
* (1)  
* (2) <sup>mul</sup>gi<sub>6</sub> = MUL ''ṣal''-[''me''...] [SpTU III, 116 Rs. iii 9].  
** <sup>mul</sup>gi<sub>6</sub> = AN<sup>ṣa-al-me</sup>DUL<sub>3</sub> = MIN(=<sup>d</sup>SAG.UŠ <sup>d</sup>UTU)  
* (3) <sup>mul</sup>gi<sub>6</sub> = ''zi-ba-ni-tu''<sub>4</sub> = <sup>mul</sup>udu.idim.gu<sub>4</sub>.ud "Dark star = Saturn = Mercury" [II R, 57, 59 a, b; Gössmann 1950,<ref name=":0" /> 86].
** "Dark Asterism = Shade = ditto (Saturn, (star) of the Sun)". [MSL XI, 40:40; for discussion of this entry see LAS 2, 343].
* (2)  
** <sup>mul</sup>gi<sub>6</sub> = MUL ''ṣal''-[''me''...] [SpTU III, 116 Rs. iii 9].
* (3)  
** <sup>mul</sup>gi<sub>6</sub> = ''zi-ba-ni-tu''<sub>4</sub> = <sup>mul</sup>udu.idim.gu<sub>4</sub>.ud  
** "Dark Asterism = 'The Scales' = Mercury" [II R, 57, 59 a, b; Gössmann 1950,<ref name=":0" /> 86].
* (4) <sup>[mul]</sup>gi<sub>6</sub> = <sup>d</sup>''zi''-[''ba-ni-tu''<sub>4</sub>] [CT 26, 41, K.11283:4; HBA, 22].  
* (4) <sup>[mul]</sup>gi<sub>6</sub> = <sup>d</sup>''zi''-[''ba-ni-tu''<sub>4</sub>] [CT 26, 41, K.11283:4; HBA, 22].  
* (5) <sup>mul</sup>gi<sub>6</sub> [CT 26, 50, K.12619 ii 6].
* (5) <sup>mul</sup>gi<sub>6</sub> [CT 26, 50, K.12619 ii 6].
|  
|
* (1) The equation of Saturn and Sun is given in the previous (not cited) line. In Mesopotamian belief, Saturn is  equated with the Sun due to similarly slow/ steady motion. As the Sun casts shadows during the day, Saturn is here equated to also cause any sort of shade - better understandable in a metaphorical way (e.g. Sun as god of justice, analog to Saturn).
* (2) a dark asterism is ...
* (3) In ancient Mesopotamian logic, this means that the constellation of The Scales are a constellation in a dark area of the sky (which makes sense visually, as this is a rather empty area next to the brightest clouds of the Milky Way in Sco/Sgr, providing high contrast). This asterism is equated with Mercury, which points to any believe system: e.g. astrology (unusual "secret place", which would be in Virgo for Mercury) or cultural tradition of colour association.
* (4). The Dark Asterism [is] The Scales (Libra) for the same reasons as given in (3).
* (5) only a term, no identification possible
|-
|-
|'''EAE.'''  
|'''EAE.'''  
Line 31: Line 41:
|
|
|-
|-
|'''"The Great Star List and Miscellenia".'''
|'''"The Great Star List and Miscellanea".'''
* <sup>ul</sup>gi<sub>6</sub> = <sup>d</sup>pap.sukkal [Mesop.Astrol., App. B:169].
* <sup>ul</sup>gi<sub>6</sub> = <sup>d</sup>pap.sukkal [Mesop.Astrol., App. B:169].
|
|
|}See also:  
|}See also:  


* MUL.MI: ''Zi-ba-ni-tu''<sub>2</sub> "Dark star = Libra" [NSAM 2, 105, IVb: r. 3], MUL<sub>x</sub>.MI: ''Zi-ba-ni-tu''<sub>4</sub> [ibid. 107, IVc:19], <sup>[m]ul</sup>MI: <sup>d</sup>UD[U.IDIM.SAG.U]Š: MI: ṣa-la-mu: <sup>mul<sub>4</sub></sup>KASKAL.UTU  
* MUL.MI: ''Zi-ba-ni-tu''<sub>2</sub> "Dark star = Libra" [NSAM 2, 105, IVb: r. 3], MUL<sub>x</sub>.MI: ''Zi-ba-ni-tu''<sub>4</sub> [ibid. 107, IVc:19];
* "Dark (star) = Saturn, MI = 'dark' = (star) Way of Sun" [SpTU I, 84:16]. See. [SpTU II, 42 r.10; SpTU V, 264 r. 2].
* <sup>[m]ul</sup>MI: <sup>d</sup>UD[U.IDIM.SAG.U]Š: MI: ''ṣa-la-mu'': <sup>mul<sub>4</sub></sup>KASKAL.UTU "Dark (star) = Saturn, MI = 'dark' = (star) Path of the Sun" [SpTU I, 84:16]. See [SpTU II, 42 r.10; SpTU V, 264 r. 2].  


==  Additional ==
==  Additional ==


==== II. Identification. ====
==== Identification. ====
         (1) = Saturn; see above, also III 2.
         (1) = Saturn; see above, also III 2.


         (2) = Mercury; <sup>mul</sup>ge<sub>6</sub> = ''zi-ba-ni-tu''<sub>4</sub> = min(=<sup>d</sup>udu.idim.gu<sub>4</sub>.ud) "Dark star = Libra = Mercury" [CT 25, 13, K.4339 rev. col. iv 6], see also [NSAM 2, Text IVb r. 3, IVc:19]. In MUL.APIN II i 59 it says about Mercury: MUL BI BE-''ma'' SA<sub>5</sub> ''u ba-il''<sub>3</sub> BE-''ma'' SIG<sub>7</sub> ''u'' GI<sub>6</sub> "This star is either red and shining or yellow-green and dark" [MA, 84]; <sup>d</sup>pap.sukkal which is usually identified with Orion (MUL.APIN I ii 2) seems to be Mercury in the "Great Star List and Miscellenia" [G.86]. The identification with "Libra" may also imply a connection with Saturn, see (Kurtik s10) [[SAG.UŠ]].
         (2) = Mercury; <sup>mul</sup>ge<sub>6</sub> = ''zi-ba-ni-tu''<sub>4</sub> = min(=<sup>d</sup>udu.idim.gu<sub>4</sub>.ud) "Dark star = Libra = Mercury" [CT 25, 13, K.4339 rev. col. iv 6], see also [NSAM 2, Text IVb r. 3, IVc:19]. In MUL.APIN II i 59 it says about Mercury: MUL BI BE-''ma'' SA<sub>5</sub> ''u ba-il''<sub>3</sub> BE-''ma'' SIG<sub>7</sub> ''u'' GI<sub>6</sub> "This star is either red and bright or yellow-green and dark" [Hunger & Steele 2019, 81]; <sup>d</sup>pap.sukkal which is usually identified with Orion (MUL.APIN I ii 2) seems to be Mercury in the "Great Star List and Miscellanea" [Gössmann 86]. The identification with "Libra" may also imply a connection with Saturn, see (Kurtik s10) [[SAG.UŠ]].


         (3) = Libra; see above.
         (3) = Libra; see above.


==== III. Astrology. ====
==== Astrology. ====
         (1) The Moon and the Dark Star; DIŠ 30 ''ina'' IGI.LA<sub>2</sub>-''šu''<sub>2</sub> MUL.MI [...] "If the Moon, at its appearance, (meets) the Dark Star [...]" [NSAM 2, 132, Ve r. 6′]; [...M]UL MI ''ina'' SI ZAG-''šu''<sub>2</sub> GUB ''u'' MU[L...] "The dark [star] stands on its (the Moon's) right horn [...]" [NSAM 2, 159, Vt:4′].
         (1) The Moon and the Dark Starː DIŠ 30 ''ina'' IGI.LA<sub>2</sub>-''šu''<sub>2</sub> MUL.MI [...] "If the Moon, at its appearance, (meets) the Dark Star [...]" [NSAM 2, 132, Ve r. 6′]; [...M]UL MI ''ina'' SI ZAG-''šu''<sub>2</sub> GUB ''u'' MU[L...] "The dark [star] stands on its (the Moon's) right horn [...]" [NSAM 2, 159, Vt:4′].


         (2) The Chariot (= Venus) and the Dark Star (= Saturn); see (Kurtik m08) [[MAR.GID2.DA|MAR.GID<sub>2</sub>.DA]], VI 7.
         (2) The Chariot (= Venus) and the Dark Star (= Saturn); see (Kurtik m08) [[MAR.GID2.DA|MAR.GID<sub>2</sub>.DA]], VI 7.
Line 88: Line 98:
[[Category:Mesopotamian]]  
[[Category:Mesopotamian]]  
[[Category:Sumerian]]  
[[Category:Sumerian]]  
[[Category:West Asian]]  
[[Category:West Asian]] [[Category:Asian]]
[[Category:Eurasia]]
[[Category:Eurasia]]
[[Category:Cuneiform]]
[[Category:Cuneiform]]

Latest revision as of 16:45, 10 June 2026

Authors: Gennady E. Kurtik, Euin Choung Kim, David Hilder, Susanne M Hoffmann, Jan Safford, Wayne Horowitz, Hermann Hunger, Youla Azkarrula

mulGI6 (𒀯𒈪), 'the Dark or Black-star' is used as a name for both the planets Mercury and Saturn. Both planets are brighter than most of the stars which makes the term unjustified by observation, but reflects cultural associations.

Concordance, Etymology, History[1]

Var. readings:

  • mulGIG2,
  • mulMI;
  • = ṣalmu "dark star";
  • the name of Saturn and Mercury [Gössmann 1950[2], 86].
Sources Identifications
Lexical texts.

Series Ḫg. B VI:

  • (1)
    • mulgi6 = ANṣa-al-meDUL3 = MIN(=dSAG.UŠ dUTU)
    • "Dark Asterism = Shade = ditto (Saturn, (star) of the Sun)". [MSL XI, 40:40; for discussion of this entry see LAS 2, 343].
  • (2)
    • mulgi6 = MUL ṣal-[me...] [SpTU III, 116 Rs. iii 9].
  • (3)
    • mulgi6 = zi-ba-ni-tu4 = muludu.idim.gu4.ud
    • "Dark Asterism = 'The Scales' = Mercury" [II R, 57, 59 a, b; Gössmann 1950,[2] 86].
  • (4) [mul]gi6 = dzi-[ba-ni-tu4] [CT 26, 41, K.11283:4; HBA, 22].
  • (5) mulgi6 [CT 26, 50, K.12619 ii 6].
  • (1) The equation of Saturn and Sun is given in the previous (not cited) line. In Mesopotamian belief, Saturn is equated with the Sun due to similarly slow/ steady motion. As the Sun casts shadows during the day, Saturn is here equated to also cause any sort of shade - better understandable in a metaphorical way (e.g. Sun as god of justice, analog to Saturn).
  • (2) a dark asterism is ...
  • (3) In ancient Mesopotamian logic, this means that the constellation of The Scales are a constellation in a dark area of the sky (which makes sense visually, as this is a rather empty area next to the brightest clouds of the Milky Way in Sco/Sgr, providing high contrast). This asterism is equated with Mercury, which points to any believe system: e.g. astrology (unusual "secret place", which would be in Virgo for Mercury) or cultural tradition of colour association.
  • (4). The Dark Asterism [is] The Scales (Libra) for the same reasons as given in (3).
  • (5) only a term, no identification possible
EAE.

See. [Borger 1973, LB 1321 r. 21′; NSAM 2, 248].

"The Great Star List and Miscellanea".
  • ulgi6 = dpap.sukkal [Mesop.Astrol., App. B:169].

See also:

  • MUL.MI: Zi-ba-ni-tu2 "Dark star = Libra" [NSAM 2, 105, IVb: r. 3], MULx.MI: Zi-ba-ni-tu4 [ibid. 107, IVc:19];
  • [m]ulMI: dUD[U.IDIM.SAG.U]Š: MI: ṣa-la-mu: mul4KASKAL.UTU "Dark (star) = Saturn, MI = 'dark' = (star) Path of the Sun" [SpTU I, 84:16]. See [SpTU II, 42 r.10; SpTU V, 264 r. 2].

 Additional

Identification.

         (1) = Saturn; see above, also III 2.

         (2) = Mercury; mulge6 = zi-ba-ni-tu4 = min(=dudu.idim.gu4.ud) "Dark star = Libra = Mercury" [CT 25, 13, K.4339 rev. col. iv 6], see also [NSAM 2, Text IVb r. 3, IVc:19]. In MUL.APIN II i 59 it says about Mercury: MUL BI BE-ma SA5 u ba-il3 BE-ma SIG7 u GI6 "This star is either red and bright or yellow-green and dark" [Hunger & Steele 2019, 81]; dpap.sukkal which is usually identified with Orion (MUL.APIN I ii 2) seems to be Mercury in the "Great Star List and Miscellanea" [Gössmann 86]. The identification with "Libra" may also imply a connection with Saturn, see (Kurtik s10) SAG.UŠ.

         (3) = Libra; see above.

Astrology.

         (1) The Moon and the Dark Starː DIŠ 30 ina IGI.LA2-šu2 MUL.MI [...] "If the Moon, at its appearance, (meets) the Dark Star [...]" [NSAM 2, 132, Ve r. 6′]; [...M]UL MI ina SI ZAG-šu2 GUB u MU[L...] "The dark [star] stands on its (the Moon's) right horn [...]" [NSAM 2, 159, Vt:4′].

         (2) The Chariot (= Venus) and the Dark Star (= Saturn); see (Kurtik m08) mul (giš)MAR.GID2.DA, eriqqu, VI 7.

Historical Dictionaries

Kurtik (2022, g12) Gössmann (1950)
вар. чтения: mulGIG2, mulMI; = ṣalmu «Темная звезда»; название Сатурна и Меркурия [G. 86].

I. Источники.

Лексич. тексты. (1) Серия Ḫg. B VI: mulgi6 = ANṣa-al-meDUL3 = MIN(=dSAG.UŠ dUTU) «Темная звезда = Статуя = Сатурн, (звезда) Солнца» [MSL XI, 40:40; LAS 2, 343]. (2) mulgi6 = MUL ṣal-[me…] [SpTU III, 116 Rs. iii 9]. (3) mulgi6 = zi-ba-ni-tu4 = muludu.idim.gu4.ud «Темная звезда = Весы = Меркурий» [II R, 57, 59 a, b; G. 86]. (4) [mul]gi6 = dzi-[ba-ni-tu4] [CT 26, 41, K.11283:4; HBA, 22]. (5) mulgi6 [CT 26, 50, K.12619 ii 6]. EAE. См. [Borger 1973, LB 1321 r. 21′; NSAM 2, 248]. «Большой список звезд». ulgi6 = dpap.sukkal [Mesop.Astrol., App. B:169].

См. также: MUL.MI : Zi-ba-ni-tu2 «Темная звезда = Весы» [NSAM 2, 105, IVb: r. 3], MULx.MI : Zi-ba-ni-tu4 [ibid. 107, IVc:19], [m]ulMI : dUD[U.IDIM.SAG.U]Š : MI : ṣa-la-mu : mul4KASKAL.UTU «Темная (звезда) = Сатурн, MI = «темный» = (звезда) Путь Солнца» [SpTU I, 84:16]. См. [SpTU II, 42 r.10; SpTU V, 264 r. 2].

II. Отождествление.

(1) = Сатурн; см. выше, а также III 2.

(2) = Меркурий; mulge6 = zi-ba-ni-tu4 = min(=dudu.idim.gu4.ud) «Темная звезда = Весы = Меркурий» [CT 25, 13, K.4339 rev. col. iv 6], см также [NSAM 2, Text IVb r. 3, IVc:19]. B MUL.APIN II i 59 о Меркурии сказано: MUL BI BE-ma SA5 u ba-il3 BE-ma SIG7 u GI6 «Эта звезда либо красная и блестящая, либо желто-зеленая и темная» [MA, 84]; dpap.sukkal, который обычно отождествляется с Орионом (MUL.APIN I ii 2), в «Большом списке звезд» обозначает, по-видимому, Меркурий [G. 86]. Отождествление с «Весами» может подразумевать также связь с Сатурном, см. s10SAG.UŠ.

(3) = Весы; см. выше.

III. Астрология.

(1) Луна и Темная звезда; DIŠ 30 ina IGI.LA2-šu2 MUL.MI […] «Если Луна при своем появлении (встретила) Темную звезду […]» [NSAM 2, 132, Ve r. 6′]; […M]UL MI ina SI ZAG-šu2 GUB u MU[L…] «Темная [зв]езда на ее (Луны) правом роге стоит […]» [NSAM 2, 159, Vt:4′].

(2) Колесница (=Венера) и Темная звезда (=Сатурн); см. m08MAR.GID2.DA, VI 7.

(3) Красная планета (= Марс) и Темная звезда (= Сатурн);  см. s04SA5, II 9.

Example

References

  1. ↑ Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0, All Skies Encyclopaedia.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Gössmann P.F. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).
Retrieved from "https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=GI6&oldid=45961"