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Authors: Gennady E. Kurtik, {{PAGEAUTHORS}}, Euin Choung Kim
Authors: Gennady E. Kurtik, {{PAGEAUTHORS}}, Euin Choung Kim
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<sup>mul</sup>ZI.BA.AN.NA (𒀯𒍣𒁀𒀭𒈾) is an ancient Mesopotamian constellation in [[Libra]], with the Sumerian name equated with Akkadian ''[[zibānītu]]'' also used for planets.  The dalbanna-text makes mention of three stars the belong to the Libra, the front, middle, and back - presumably αβσ??? Librae with two of these being the two identified as celestial twins in the Great Star List.   
<sup>mul</sup>ZI.BA.AN.NA (𒀯𒍣𒁀𒀭𒈾) is an ancient Mesopotamian constellation in [[Libra]], with the Sumerian name equated with Akkadian ''[[Zibānītum|zibānītu]]'' also used for planets.  The dalbanna-text makes mention of three stars the belong to the Libra, the front, middle, and back - presumably αβσ??? Librae with two of these being the two identified as celestial twins in the Great Star List.   


maybe merge ZI.BA.AN.NA and zibanitum??  
maybe merge ZI.BA.AN.NA and zibanitum??  


Concordance, Etymology, History
== Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref> ==
= <sup>mul</sup>''Zibānītu''(''m''), “scales”


=== Krebernik (2023) ===
= <sup>mul</sup>ZI.BA.AN.NA
= ''zibānītu'' “scales”. <sup>mul</sup>ZI.BA.AN.NA (AN 16–17r).


===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim===
"Libra"; the constellation and sign of the zodiac Libra, The Scales [Gössmann<ref>''Gössmann P.F''. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).</ref> 176].
= <sup>mul</sup>''Zibānītu''(''m'') "Libra"; the constellation and sign of the zodiac Libra (Libra) [Gössmann<ref>''Gössmann P.F''. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).</ref> 176].
 
Hoffmann and Krebernik (2023)<ref>Hoffmann, S. M. and Krebernik, M. (2023). What do deities tell us about the celestial positioning system, in: R. Rollinger, I. Madreiter, M. Lang, C. Pappi (eds.). The Intellectual Heritage of the Ancient Near East, Papers held at the 64th Rencontre Assyriologique International and 12th Melammu Symposium July 16-20 2018, Innsbruck. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 539-579</ref> add the countinn in MUL.APIN's first list: AN 16–17right; so remarkably, the Scales are counted as two asterisms, the two weghing pans representing two deities or the two "horns of Scorpius".


==== Sources and Identification(s) ====
==== Sources and Identification(s) ====

Revision as of 13:24, 25 March 2026

Authors: Gennady E. Kurtik, Susanne M Hoffmann, Gennady E. Kurtik, Euin Choung Kim, David Hilder, Wayne Horowitz, Youla Azkarrula, Jan Safford, Euin Choung Kim

mulZI.BA.AN.NA (𒀯𒍣𒁀𒀭𒈾) is an ancient Mesopotamian constellation in Libra, with the Sumerian name equated with Akkadian zibānītu also used for planets. The dalbanna-text makes mention of three stars the belong to the Libra, the front, middle, and back - presumably αβσ??? Librae with two of these being the two identified as celestial twins in the Great Star List.

maybe merge ZI.BA.AN.NA and zibanitum??

Concordance, Etymology, History[1]

= mulZibānītu(m), “scales”

= mulZI.BA.AN.NA

"Libra"; the constellation and sign of the zodiac Libra, The Scales [Gössmann[2] 176].

Hoffmann and Krebernik (2023)[3] add the countinn in MUL.APIN's first list: AN 16–17right; so remarkably, the Scales are counted as two asterisms, the two weghing pans representing two deities or the two "horns of Scorpius".

Sources and Identification(s)

Sources Identifications
Lexical texts.
  • (1) Urra XXII series: mulzi.ba.an.na = zi-ba-ni-tum [Cavigneaux 1981[4], 105:11; Bloch-Horowitz 2015[5], 107:286ʹ].
  • (2) Series Ḫg. B VI: mulzi.ba.an.na = zi-ba-ni-tum = min (= dsag.uš dutu) "Libra = Libra = Saturn, Shamash" [MSL XI[6], 40:41].
MUL.APIN.
  • List of the stars of Anu (no. 16): mulZI.BA.AN.NA SI mulGIR2.TAB "Libra, horn of Scorpius" (I ii 11) [MA[7], 33]; see also (Kurtik z10) Zibānītum.
"Letters."

See. [SAA 10[8], 381].

"Great Star List and Miscellenia".
  • 7 Celestial Twins: mulzi.ba.an.na [Mesop.Astrol.[9], App. B:235].
Dalbanna-text.
  • §a. [mulzi.ba.an.n]a igi-u2 mulab.sin2 mulkun ug[amušen 3 mul.meš x x x x 2 dal.b]a.an.na dal.ba.an.na mulzi.b[a.an.na igi-u2 x x] "Front stars of the [Lib]ra(α Lib), the Furrow (α Vir), tail of the Cr[ow (Pi 140): 3 stars ...2 inter]vals, interval. [Front] (star) of the Li[bra ...]" [Walker 1995, 35; Koch 1995[10], 48, 61; Hunger-Pingree 1999[11], 108].
  • §§ a, b, d, m, u, v. mulzi.ba.an.na "Libra," mulzi.ba.an.na igi-u2 "Front star of Libra," murub4 mulzi-ba-nit "Middle (part of) Libra"  [Walker 1995; Koch 1995[10]; Hunger-Pingree 1999[11], 108-110].
  • §b. [mulzi.ba.an.na egi]r-u2 mulsag gir2.tab mulsuḫuš um.me.da g[ir2.tab 3 mul].me[š x x x x] 2 dal.ba.an.na [min?] ˹mal2˺-ma-[liš]  "[Rea]r star [of Libra] (β Lib? ), head of Scorpius (δ Sco), vertical base (flexing muscle?) +Sco[rpio (μ1, μ2 Sco): 3 stars]. [...] 2 intervals, [ditto?] Evenlt div[ided]." [Walker 1995, 35-36; Koch 1995[10], 48, 61; Hunger-Pingree 1999[11], 108].
  • §d. [mul x x x x mulz]i.ba.an.na igi-u2 m[ul]si zag gir2.tab [3 mul.meš x x a-na ṣ]u-ub-bi-˹i˺ [sa]g?.ki.ta gid2.da "[Star x x x x] (γ Lib), Frontal star of the [L]ibra (α Lib), right horn of Scorpius (σ Sco?): [3 stars x x x for] observations. The lower [wi]dth is long(?)" [Walker 1995, 36; Koch 1995[10], 48, 61; Hunger-Pingree 1999[11], 108]; according to [Koch 1995], [mul x x x x x x] = [murub4 mulzi-ba-nit] "[Middle of Libra]" (γ Lib).
  • §m. ˹mul˺[zi.ba.an.na egir-u2] "[Hind of Libra]" (β Lib), see (Kurtik u31) UZ3 (𒍚, Akkadian Enzu).
  • §u, v. mulzi.ba.an.na igi-u2 "[The front (star) of Libra" (α Lib), see (Kurtik g32) mulGU4.ALIM.
Convex Hull for the stars inside ZI.BA.AN.NA (CC BY Youla Azkarrula).

Stars within the Constellation Area

id Label IAU design. description Vmag
1 Zubeneschamali HIP 74785 Constellation lines (Vertex) 2.62
2 Zubenelgenubi HIP 72622 Constellation lines (Vertex) 2.75
3 109 Vir HIP 72220 Constellation lines (Vertex) 3.73
4 μ Virginis HIP 71957 Constellation lines 3.88
5 Syrma HIP 69701 Constellation lines (Vertex) 4.08
6 Kang HIP 69427 Constellation lines (Vertex) 4.21
7 110 Vir HIP 73620 Constellation lines (Vertex) 4.4
8 16 Lib HIP 73165 Inside the Hull 4.49
9 δ Librae HIP 73473 Inside the Hull 4.93
10 11 Lib HIP 72631 Inside the Hull 4.94
11 α 1 Librae HIP 72603 Inside the Hull 5.16
12 μ Librae HIP 72489 Inside the Hull 5.31
13 106 Vir HIP 70794 Inside the Hull 5.418
14 ξ 2 Librae HIP 73133 Inside the Hull 5.45
15 1 Ser HIP 73193 Inside the Hull 5.512
16 - HIP 73497 Inside the Hull 5.52
17 * mu. Lib A HIP 72489 Inside the Hull 5.6
18 108 Vir HIP 72154 Inside the Hull 5.665
19 2 Ser HIP 73536 Inside the Hull 5.71
20 ξ 1 Librae HIP 72934 Inside the Hull 5.788
21 18 Lib HIP 73310 Inside the Hull 5.857
22 * 2 Ser A HIP 73536 Inside the Hull 5.93
23 257 G. Vir HIP 72122 Inside the Hull 6.07
24 - HIP 73309 Inside the Hull 6.08
25 - HIP 72449 Inside the Hull 6.136
26 104 Vir HIP 70680 Inside the Hull 6.161
27 261 G. Vir HIP 72629 Inside the Hull 6.175
28 - HIP 71469 Inside the Hull 6.2
29 2 Lib HIP 70336 Inside the Hull 6.214
30 - HIP 72373 Inside the Hull 6.32
31 - HIP 73571 Inside the Hull 6.373
32 229 G. Vir HIP 69727 Inside the Hull 6.434
33 240 G. Vir HIP 70038 Inside the Hull 6.44
34 233 G. Vir HIP 69773 Inside the Hull 6.47
35 235 G. Vir HIP 69881 Inside the Hull 6.5

Additional

II. Astrology.

      (1) Mars in Libra (observation); see (Kurtik ts02) Ṣalbatānu, III 41.

Historical Dictionaries

Kurtik (2022, z07) Gössmann (1950)
= mulZibānītu(m) «Весы»; созвездие и знак зодиака Весы (Libra) [G. 176].

I. Источники.

Лексич. тексты. (1) Серия Urra XXII: mulzi.ba.an.na = zi-ba-ni-tum [Cavigneaux 1981 105:11; Bloch–Horowitz 2015, 107:286ʹ]. (2) Серия Ḫg. B VI: mulzi.ba.an.na = zi-ba-ni-tum = min (= dsag.uš dutu) «Весы = Весы = Сатурн, Шамаш» [MSL XI, 40:41]. MUL.APIN. Список звезд Ану (№ 16): mulZI.BA.AN.NA SI mulGIR2.TAB «Весы, рог Скорпиона» (I ii 11) [MA, 33]; см. также z10Zibānītum. «Письма». См. [SAA 10,  381]. «Большой список звезд». 7 Небесных Близнецов: mulzi.ba.an.na [Mesop.Astrol., App. B:235]. Dalbanna-текст. §a. [mulzi.ba.an.n]a igi-u2 mulab.sin2 mulkun ug[amušen 3 mul.meš x x x x 2 dal.b]a.an.na dal.ba.an.na mulzi.b[a.an.na igi-u2 x x] «Передняя звезда [Весо]в (α Lib), Борозда (α Vir), хвост Воро[на (Pi 140): 3 звезды …2 интер]вала, интервал. [Передняя] (звезда) Ве[сов …]» [Walker 1995, 35; Koch 1995, 48, 61; Hunger-Pingree 1999, 108]. §§ a, b, d, m, u, v. mulzi.ba.an.na «Весы», mulzi.ba.an.na igi-u2 «Передняя звезда Весов», murub4 mulzi-ba-nit «Средняя (часть) Весов»  [Walker 1995; Koch 1995; Hunger-Pingree 1999, 108–110]. §b. [mulzi.ba.an.na egi]r-u2 mulsag gir2.tab mulsuḫuš um.me.da g[ir2.tab 3 mul].me[š x x x x] 2 dal.ba.an.na [min?] ˹mal2˺-ma-[liš] «[Задн]яя звезда [Весов] (β Lib?), голова Скорпиона (δ Sco), основание вертикали (выпрямляющей мышцы?) +Ско[рпиона (μ1, μ2 Sco): 3 звез]ды. […] 2 интервала, [ditto?]. Поров[ну].» [Walker 1995, 35–36; Koch 1995, 48, 61; Hunger-Pingree 1999, 108]. §d. [mul x x x x mulz]i.ba.an.na igi-u2 m[ul]si zag gir2.tab [3 mul.meš  x x a-na ṣ]u-ub-bi-˹i˺ [sa]g?.ki.ta gid2.da «[Звезда x x x x] (γ Lib), Передняя звезда [В]есов (α Lib), правый рог Скорпиона (σ Sco?): [3 звезды x x для] наблюдения. Нижняя [ши]рина длинная(?)» [Walker 1995, 36; Koch 1995, 48, 61; Hunger-Pingree 1999, 108]; согласно [Koch 1995], [mul x x x x] = [murub4 mulzi-ba-nit] «[Средняя часть Весов]» (γ Lib). §m. ˹mul˺[zi.ba.an.na egir-u2] «[Задняя часть Весов]» (β Lib), см. u31UZ3. §u, v. mulzi.ba.an.na igi-u2 «Передняя (звезда) Весов» (α Lib), см. g32GU4.ALIM.

II. Астрология.

(1) Марс в Весах (наблюдение); см. ts02Ṣalbatānu, III 41.

Example

References

  1. ↑ Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0, All Skies Encyclopaedia.
  2. ↑ Gössmann P.F. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rom, 1950 (A. Deimel. Šumerisches Lexikon 4/2).
  3. ↑ Hoffmann, S. M. and Krebernik, M. (2023). What do deities tell us about the celestial positioning system, in: R. Rollinger, I. Madreiter, M. Lang, C. Pappi (eds.). The Intellectual Heritage of the Ancient Near East, Papers held at the 64th Rencontre Assyriologique International and 12th Melammu Symposium July 16-20 2018, Innsbruck. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, 539-579
  4. ↑ Cavigneaux A. Textes scolares du temple de Nabû ša Harê. Texts from Babylon I. Baghdad, 1981.
  5. ↑ Bloch Y. and W. Horowitz (2015):  “Urra = hubullu XXII: The Standard Recension,” with Y. Bloch, Journal of Cuneiform Studies 67: 71-125.
  6. ↑ Materials for the Sumerian Lexicon. Vol. XI. The Series HAR-ra = hubullu. Tablets XX-XXIV. Ed. by E.Reiner with the coll. of M.Civil. Roma, 1974.
  7. ↑ Hunger, H. and Steele, J. M. (2019). The Babylonian Astronomical Compendium MUL.APIN, Routledge, NY
  8. ↑ Parpola S. Letters from Assyrian and Babylonian Scholars. Helsinki, 1993 (State Archives of Assyria, Vol. X).
  9. ↑ Koch-Westenholz U. Mesopotamian  Astrology. Copenhagen, Museum Tusculanum Press. 1995.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 Koch J. Der Dalbanna-Sternenkatalog // WO. 1995. Bd. 26. S. 43-85.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 Hunger H., Pingree D. Astral Sciences in Mesopotamia. Leiden-Boston-Köln, 1999.
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