Jormungandr

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Authors: Youla Azkarrula


Jormungandr, painting by Jessica Gullberg for Stellarium.

Jormungandr, Midgard Serpent, is a Norse constellation mentioned in the Rímtǫl glosses, which dates back to the 11th century CE and is an Old Norse calendar of 52 weeks (364 days).

Concordance, Etymology, History

Origin of Constellation

Jormungandr (Midgard Serpent) is the serpent that spans the world in Eddic myths. As Thor’s adversary, it appears in the fishing episode (Sturluson 2017[1], p. 66). It can be associated with a constellation similar to Hydra, but in this model, stars visible from Iceland are used. The position along the Milky Way is notable, as the dragon or snake Nidhögg lies beneath a root of Yggdrasil and gnaws at it (Sturluson 2017[1], p. 28). In this model, where the Milky Way represents Yggdrasil, Jormungandr could assume Nidhögg’s role.

Identification

Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation

nothing known

Rökstenen, rune stone near Ödeshög in south Sweden (CC BY Bengt Olof ÅRADSSON)

Religion/ Tales/ Mythology

All HIP Stars within this constellation

Convex Hull for the stars inside Jormungandr (CC BY Jakob Eyermann).

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Sturluson, S. (2017) The Edda of Snorri Sturluson. Translated by K. Simrock. Bibliographically updated edition. Stuttgart: Reclam.
  2. Digitalis Solutions (website) on Norse