tak-ša2-a-tu2

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Tak-ša2-a-tu2

Authors: Gennady Kurtik, Gennady E. Kurtik, Euin Choung Kim, David Hilder, Wayne Horowitz, Susanne M Hoffmann, Euin Choung Kim


(MUL ša2) takšātu/ti (𒀯𒋳𒃻𒀀𒋾), the Akkadian term for triplets with reference in astronomy consisting of three asterisms: three stars or perhaps three closely linked figures. All references refer to a feature of Hercules.

Concordance, Etymology, History[1]

Variants

  • taškātu, a late phonetic variant of takšātu,
  • takšāti, given in Kurtik (2007)[2] is a genitive

Both plural of takšu, with the form takšātu apparently built on the use of the feminine plural form of adjectives for dual number, even though takšātu refers to three items. Cf. MAŠ.TAB.BA for māšu (sing.) māšātu (dual). See MUL ša2 mašātī "The Doublets'," "Pair (of stars). [[fix the title here to takshatu and mashatu]]??


"Asterism of the Trinity", The Triplet;

= ziqpu V, a star or group of two stars in Hercules (Hercules) [G. 166, 394; AHw, 1309, CAD T 88-89].

Sources and Identifications

Sources Identifications
Observations during the time of Sargon II

On the culmination of MUL taš-ka-[a-ti], see (Kurtik g05) GAM, kippatu.

Example
Lists of ziqpu-stars.
  • (1) AO 6478:
    • (a) 5/6 MA.NA MIN (= šuqultu) | 5 UŠ i-na KI.MIN(= ina qaqqari) | 9 IGI DANNA ina KI.MIN(=ina šamê) / TA MUL ša2 maš-a-ti | EN MUL ša2 taš! ka-a-ti "5/6 min in weight, 50 on earth, 9000 miles in the sky / From stars of the Pairs to stars of the Triplets",
    • (b) 1⅔ MA.NA KI.MIN | 10 UŠ i-na KI.MIN | 18 IGI DANNA ina KI.MIN / TA MUL ša2 taš!-.ka-a-ti | EN mulDILI "1⅔ min in weight, 100 on earth, 18,000 miles in the sky / From the star of the Triplets to the Separate Star" [Thureau-Dangin 1913, 216: 11-14; TU, 21:11-14; HBA, 132; Schaumberger 1952, 228-229]; for a parallel (EN MUL tak-ša2a˺-[...]) see. [CT 26, 50, K. 9794:2-3].
  • (2) VAT 16436: MUL2 tak-ša2-a-tu2 // 2 // 13 IGI 4 ME 60 KUŠ3 (field correction: 1 IGI) "Stars (of) Triplets // 2 (stars) // 13460 cubits (correction: 1000 cubits)" [Schaumberger 1952, 226-227:22].
  • (3) Sippar Planisphere: 5 ˹UŠ˺ ana MUL ta[k-š]a2-a-tum "50 to the star (of) the Tri[pl]ets" [Horowitz-al-Rawi 2001, 171-173:5]; for a parallel see BM 61677 [ibid., 180:2'].
GU text.
  • (R) mul tak-ša2-a-tu2 "star (from) the Triplet" (ziqpu V: δ Her) [Pingree-Walker 1988, BM 78161:28], see (Kurtik p03) PA.BIL.SAG.
LBAT 1502.
  • [múlzi-ba-ni-t]u4 dšar2-ur4 u dšar2-gaz KI.MIN(= MUL2 AN.TA.ŠUR.RA) | tak!-ša2-a-tu2 ana ziq-pi 13 [...] "[Lib]ra, Sharur and Shargaz are the stars of Antashurra. (The star from) the Triplet culminates. 13 [...]" [Donbaz-Koch 1995, 76: i 12, ii 11' + Anm. 49].
Late Astrology.

U.197:

  • múltak-ša2-a-tum [...] [Sachs 1952, 75:6'].

Additional

Previous Identification.

         = α Herculis (Rasalgeti) [Schaumberger 1952, 219-220, 229:V]

         = δ Herculis [Pingree-Walker 1988, 321, R 1; ASM, 93].

         = α Herculis [Koch 1992, 60: 28-29].

         = α + δ Herculis [ASM, 89].

Historical Dictionaries

Kurtik (2022, t01) Gössmann (1950)
«Звезда из Тройни»; = ziqpu V, звезда или группа из двух звезд в Геркулесе (Hercules) [G. 166, 394; AHw, 1309, takšu].

I. Источники.

Наблюдение времен Саргона II кульминации MUL taš-ka-[a-ti], см. g05GAM-ti. Списки ziqpu-звезд. (1) AO 6478: a) 5/6 MA.NA MIN (= šuqultu) | 5 UŠ i-na KI.MIN(= ina qaqqari) | 9 IGI DANNA ina KI.MIN(=ina šamê) / TA MUL ša2 maš-a-ti | EN MUL ša2 taš!-ka-a-ti «5/6 мины веса,  50 на земле, 9000 миль на небе / От звезды из Пары до звезды из Тройни», b) 1⅔ MA.NA KI.MIN | 10 UŠ i-na KI.MIN | 18 IGI DANNA ina KI.MIN / TA MUL ša2 taš!-ka-a-ti | EN mulDILI «1⅔ мины веса, 100 на земле, 18000 миль на небе / От звезды из Тройни до Отдельной звезды» [Thureau-Dangin 1913, 216: 11–14; TU, 21:11–14; HBA, 132; Schaumberger 1952, 228–229]; параллель (EN MUL tak-ša2-˹a˺-[..])  см. [CT 26, 50, K. 9794:2–3]. (2) VAT 16436: MUL2 tak-ša2-a-tu2 // 2 // 13 IGI 4 ME 60 KUŠ3 (исправление на поле: 1 IGI) «Звезды (из) Тройни // 2 (звезды) // 13460 локтей (исправление: 1000 локтей)» [Schaumberger 1952, 226–227:22]. (3) Sippar Planisphere: 5 ˹UŠ˺ ana MUL ta[k-š]a2-a-tum «50 до звезды (из) Тр[ой]ни» [Horowitz–al-Rawi 2001, 171–173:5]; параллель см. в BM 61677 [ibid., 180:2']. GU-текст. (R) mul tak-ša2-a-tu2 «звезда (из) Тройни» (ziqpu V: δ Her) [Pingree–Walker 1988, BM 78161:28], см. p03PA.BIL.SAG. LBAT 1502. [múlzi-ba-ni-t]u4 dšar2-ur4 u dšar2-gaz KI.MIN(= MUL2 AN.TA.ŠUR.RA) | tak!-ša2-a-tu2 ana ziq-pi 13 […] «[Вес]ы, Шарур и Шаргаз — звезды Анташурра. (Звезда из) Тройни кульминирует. 13 […]» [Donbaz–Koch 1995, 76: i 12, ii 11' + Anm. 49]. Поздняя астрология. U.197: múltak-ša2-a-tum […] [Sachs 1952, 75:6'].

II. Отождествление.

= α Herculis (Расальгети) [Schaumberger 1952, 219–220, 229:V]

= δ Herculis [Pingree–Walker 1988, 321, R 1; ASM, 93].

= α Herculis [Koch 1992, 60: 28–29].

= α + δ Herculis [ASM, 89].

Example

References

  1. Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0, All Skies Encyclopaedia.
  2. Kurtik, G. (2007): Звездное небо Древней Месопотамии. Шумеро-аккадские названия созвездий и других светил [The Star Heaven of Ancient Mesopotamia: Sumero-Akkadian Names of Constellations and Other Heavenly Bodies], Aletejja, St. Petersburg, Russia.