Maenalus

Authors: Susanne M Hoffmann

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Mons Maenalus is an early modern European constellation or asterism in Boötes introduced by Hevelius. It is now obsolete. The term is Latin.

Concordance, Etymology, History

Origin of the Constellation

Mons Maenalus was a subdivision of Boötes introduced by Hevelius.

Ian Ridpath writes:

Representing a real mountain of Arcadia in the central Peloponnese, Mons Maenalus was a subdivision of Boötes introduced by Johannes Hevelius in his Firmamentum Sobiescianum star atlas published in 1690, where it was depicted with Boötes standing on its slopes. However, in his accompanying catalogue Hevelius listed its stars under Boötes, not as a separate constellation. The mountain appeared on many later maps made by other astronomers including Bode, below, but always as part of Boötes, and it never had an independent existence.

Mythology

Ian Ridpath's Star Tales:

Mons Maenalus took its name from a character in Greek mythology. Maenalus was said by some mythologists to have been the eldest son of Lycaon, king of Arcadia; this would have made Maenalus brother of Callisto and hence uncle of her son Arcas, whom the constellation Boötes represents. Others, though, say he was actually the son of Arcas and hence the grandson of Callisto. Either way, Maenalus gave his name to the mountain in Arcadia and to the city of Maenalon which he founded. Its modern name is Mainalo.

Mons Maenalus was sacred to the god Pan who frequented it. Ovid in his Metamorphoses said that Mons Maenalus bristled with the lairs of wild beasts and was a favourite hunting ground of Diana and her entourage, including Callisto. In saying this, Ovid clearly rejected the story that Maenalus was Callisto’s grandson, as the mountain would not yet have got its name.

IAU Working Group on Star Names

The name was discussed and approved by the IAU WGSN in 2023. The stars in the area are rather faint; in 2026, the WGSN decided to apply the name to the star ...

in the IAU-CSN.

Reference

• References (general)
• References (early modern)