Ga-ga: Difference between revisions

From All Skies Encyclopaedia
Ga-ga
← Older edit
YoulaAzkarrula (talk | contribs)
2,104 edits
VisualWikitext
Sushoff (talk | contribs)
Administrators, Bureaucrats, User, Bureaucrats, Interface administrators, Administrators
13,910 edits
No edit summary
No edit summary
 
(13 intermediate revisions by 5 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Ga-ga''}}
{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Ga-ga''}}
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
----
<sup>mul</sup>''Ga-ga'' (𒀯𒂵𒂵) is a writing for an ancient Mesopotamian deity and planet name.  A reading <sup>mul</sup>ka<sub>3</sub>.ka<sub>3</sub>, a name for the vizier of the King of the Heavens, Anu, allows for an identification with the planet Mercury by way of the Roman messenger of the gods Mercurius. 


<sup>mul</sup>''Ga-ga'' is an ancient Mesopotamian deity and planet name.
{{Mercury}}
==Dictionary==
 
===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim===
==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==
Varient readings: <sup>mul</sup>DUG.DUG, <sup>mul</sup>ka<sub>3</sub>-ka<sub>3</sub>; = Kakka, a deity worshiped in Assyria, probably of Amorite origin, associated with Mercury (?) [G. 103].
===Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim, Safford===
Varient readings: <sup>mul</sup>DUG.DUG, <sup>mul</sup>''ka''<sub>3</sub>-''ka''<sub>3</sub>; = ''Kakka'', a deity worshiped in Assyria, probably of Amorite origin, associated with Mercury (?) [Gössmann 1950<ref>Gössmann P.F. ''Planetarium Babylonicum,'' Rome, 1950</ref>, 103].
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
Line 10: Line 14:
|-
|-
|'''"Prayers to the Gods of the Night."'''  
|'''"Prayers to the Gods of the Night."'''  
* (1) Hittite prayer: <sup>mul</sup>ga-ga [KUB IV, 47 r. 43; BPO 2, 2:2; Van der Toorn 1985, 129:43].  
* (1) Hittite prayer: <sup>mul</sup>''ga-ga'' [KUB IV, 47 r. 43; BPO 2, 2:2; Van der Toorn 1985<ref>K. van der Toorn. ''Sin and Sanction in Israel and Mesopotamia. A Comparative Study''. Maastricht, Van Gorcum, 1985.</ref>, 129:43].  
* (2) Neo-Assyrian prayer: <sup>mul</sup>ga-ga [Oppenheim 1959, 282:10].  
* (2) Neo-Assyrian prayer: <sup>mul</sup>''ga-ga'' [Oppenheim 1959,<ref>Oppenheim A.L. A New Prayer to the “Gods of the Night” // ''Analecta biblica''. 1959. Vol. 12. P. 282-301.</ref> 282:10].  


According to Lambert, it is <sup>d</sup>ka<sub>3</sub>-ka<sub>3</sub>, the vizier or messenger of Anu and/or Ishtar, identified with Mercury [Lambert 1987, 94-96]; see also [Litke 1998, 182:146; Steinkeller 1982; Tallqvist 1938, 340].
Lambert reads the name in accordance with the divine name <sup>d</sup>''ka''<sub>3</sub>-''ka''<sub>3</sub>, for the vizier or messenger of Anu and/or Ishtar, identified with Mercury [Lambert 1987<ref>Lambert W.G. Babylonian Astrological Omens and Their Stars / JAOS. 1987. V. 107. Р. 93-96.</ref>, 94-96]; see also [Litke 1998<ref>Litke R.L. A Reconstruction of the Assyro-Babylonian God-Lists, AN:dA-nu-um and AN:Anu ša2 amēli. New Haven, 1998 (Texts from the Babylonian Collection, Vol. 3).</ref>, 182:146; Steinkeller 1982<ref>Steinkeller P. The Mesopotamian God Kakka // JNES. 1982. Vol. 41, № 4. P. 289-294.</ref>; Tallqvist 1938<ref>Tallqvist K. Akkadische Götterepitheta. Helsingforsiae, 1938.</ref>, 340]. In the Akkadian myth ''Nergal and Ereškigal'', Anu sends his messenger Kaka to the Underworld and back, a fitting mission for the planet Mercury.   
|Example
|Example
|}
|}


===Additional===
===Historical Dictionaries===
 
==Historical Dictionaries==  
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
Line 25: Line 27:
! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" |Gössmann (1950)
! scope="col" style="width: 40%;" |Gössmann (1950)
|-
|-
|вар. чтения: <sup>mul</sup>DUG.DUG, <sup>mul</sup>ka<sub>3</sub>-ka<sub>3</sub>; = Какка, божество, почитавшееся в Ассирии, вероятно, аморитского происхождения, связанное с Меркурием (?) [G. 103].
|вар. чтения: <sup>mul</sup>DUG.DUG, <sup>mul</sup>ka<sub>3</sub>-ka<sub>3</sub>; = Какка, божество, почитавшееся в Ассирии, вероятно, аморитского происхождения, связанное с Меркурием (?) [Gössmann 1950, 103].
I. Источники.
I. Источники.


Line 37: Line 39:
[[Category:Mesopotamian]]  
[[Category:Mesopotamian]]  
[[Category:Akkadian]]  
[[Category:Akkadian]]  
[[Category:West Asian]]  
[[Category:West Asian]] [[Category:Asian]]
[[Category:Eurasia]]
[[Category:Eurasia]]
[[Category:Cuneiform]]
[[Category:Cuneiform]] [[Category:Asterism]]
[[Category:Solar System]]
[[Category:Solar System]]
[[Category:Planet]]
[[Category:Planet]]
[[Category:Mercury]]
[[Category:Mercury]]

Latest revision as of 06:28, 20 May 2026

Authors: Gennady E. Kurtik, Euin Choung Kim, David Hilder, Jan Safford, Wayne Horowitz, Susanne M Hoffmann, Youla Azkarrula

mulGa-ga (𒀯𒂵𒂵) is a writing for an ancient Mesopotamian deity and planet name. A reading mulka3.ka3, a name for the vizier of the King of the Heavens, Anu, allows for an identification with the planet Mercury by way of the Roman messenger of the gods Mercurius.

Images of Mercury

  • Mercury seen at Dawn in Namibia (SMH 2001).
    Mercury seen at Dawn in Namibia (SMH 2001).
  • Mercury at Dawn in Central Europe (SMH 2924).
    Mercury at Dawn in Central Europe (SMH 2924).
  • Mercury at Dawn in Central Europe with Label (SMH 2024).
    Mercury at Dawn in Central Europe with Label (SMH 2024).
  • Mercury at Dawn in Central Europe (SMH 2024).
    Mercury at Dawn in Central Europe (SMH 2024).
  • Mercury and Venus in comparison to the young lunar crescent (Providence 2025).
    Mercury and Venus in comparison to the young lunar crescent (Providence 2025).
  • Mercury and Venus at dusk (Providence 2025).
    Mercury and Venus at dusk (Providence 2025).

Concordance, Etymology, History[1]

Kurtik with Hilder, Hoffmann, Horowitz, Kim, Safford

Varient readings: mulDUG.DUG, mulka3-ka3; = Kakka, a deity worshiped in Assyria, probably of Amorite origin, associated with Mercury (?) [Gössmann 1950[2], 103].

Sources Identifications
"Prayers to the Gods of the Night."
  • (1) Hittite prayer: mulga-ga [KUB IV, 47 r. 43; BPO 2, 2:2; Van der Toorn 1985[3], 129:43].
  • (2) Neo-Assyrian prayer: mulga-ga [Oppenheim 1959,[4] 282:10].

Lambert reads the name in accordance with the divine name dka3-ka3, for the vizier or messenger of Anu and/or Ishtar, identified with Mercury [Lambert 1987[5], 94-96]; see also [Litke 1998[6], 182:146; Steinkeller 1982[7]; Tallqvist 1938[8], 340]. In the Akkadian myth Nergal and Ereškigal, Anu sends his messenger Kaka to the Underworld and back, a fitting mission for the planet Mercury.

Example

Historical Dictionaries

Kurtik (2022, g01) Gössmann (1950)
вар. чтения: mulDUG.DUG, mulka3-ka3; = Какка, божество, почитавшееся в Ассирии, вероятно, аморитского происхождения, связанное с Меркурием (?) [Gössmann 1950, 103].

I. Источники.

«Молитвы ночным богам». (1) Хеттская молитва: mulga-ga [KUB IV, 47 r. 43; BPO 2, 2:2; Van der Toorn 1985, 129:43]. (2) Новоассирийская молитва: mulga-ga [Oppenheim 1959, 282:10]. Cогласно Лэмберту, это dka3-ka3 — визирь или посланник Ану и/или Иштар, отождествляемый с Меркурием [Lambert 1987, 94–96]; см. также [Litke 1998, 182:146; Steinkeller 1982; Tallqvist 1938, 340].

Example

References

  1. ↑ Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0, All Skies Encyclopaedia.
  2. ↑ Gössmann P.F. Planetarium Babylonicum, Rome, 1950
  3. ↑ K. van der Toorn. Sin and Sanction in Israel and Mesopotamia. A Comparative Study. Maastricht, Van Gorcum, 1985.
  4. ↑ Oppenheim A.L. A New Prayer to the “Gods of the Night” // Analecta biblica. 1959. Vol. 12. P. 282-301.
  5. ↑ Lambert W.G. Babylonian Astrological Omens and Their Stars / JAOS. 1987. V. 107. Р. 93-96.
  6. ↑ Litke R.L. A Reconstruction of the Assyro-Babylonian God-Lists, AN:dA-nu-um and AN:Anu ša2 amēli. New Haven, 1998 (Texts from the Babylonian Collection, Vol. 3).
  7. ↑ Steinkeller P. The Mesopotamian God Kakka // JNES. 1982. Vol. 41, № 4. P. 289-294.
  8. ↑ Tallqvist K. Akkadische Götterepitheta. Helsingforsiae, 1938.
Retrieved from "https://ase.exopla.net/index.php?title=Ga-ga&oldid=42898"