UR.NIG: Difference between revisions

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Authors: Gennady E. Kurtik, {{PAGEAUTHORS}}, Euin Choung Kim
Authors: {{PAGEAUTHORS}}
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There is something wrong here - - we need to check what we wrote in Hoffmann and Horowitz 2025.???   
<sup>mul</sup>UR.NIG (𒀯𒌨𒊩𒌨) = ''nēltu'' "lioness" occurs only one time in cuneiform, in a list of stars from the the Middle Babylonian period in Syria, at Emar. It has been discussed whether this is a name variant of constellation [[UR.GU.LA]] in [[Leo]], which is depicted as male in a first millennium drawing. Alternatively, it was suggested that the feminine form of the Akkadian at Emar in Syria in the Second Millennium BCE could also refer to an additional (rarely mentioned) constellation in earlier periods, particularly in the West-Semitic realm, or for an identification with another 'cat' shaped figure in the sky or just perhaps an ancient version of [[Leo Minor]]. This hypothesis is rejected, see Hoffmann and Horowitz 2025<ref>Hoffmann and Horowitz (2025). Lion, Lioness and Wings: Studies of The Lion-Asterism(s?) of Ancient Mesopotamia, [https://orientalistik.univie.ac.at/publikationen/afo/ Archiv für Orientforschung (AfO)] 56, 33-43</ref>, pp. 35, 39.  
 
<sup>mul</sup>UR.NIG (𒀯𒌨𒊩𒌨) = ''nēltu'' "lioness" occurs only one time in cuneiform, in a list of stars from the the Middle Babylonian period in Syria, at Emar. This cannot be a name for the Babylonian-Assyrian equivalent of classical [[Leo]] which is depicted as male in a first millennium drawing. However, the feminine form of the Akkadian at Emar in Syria in the Second Millennium BCE could allow for a different view of this constellation in earlier periods, particularly in the West-Semitic realm, or for an identification with another 'cat' shaped figure in the sky or just perhaps an ancient version of [[Leo Minor]]. See [Hoffmann and Horowitz 2025<ref>Hoffmann and Horowitz (2025). Lion, Lioness and Wings: Studies of The Lion-Asterism(s?) of Ancient Mesopotamia, [https://orientalistik.univie.ac.at/publikationen/afo/ Archiv für Orientforschung (AfO)] 56, 33-43</ref>, pp. 35, 39.
==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==
==Concordance, Etymology, History<ref>[[Mesopotamian (All Terms)|Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0]], All Skies Encyclopaedia.</ref>==
Only in Urra XXII series from Emar
Only in Urra XXII series from Emar

Latest revision as of 18:56, 26 March 2026

Authors: Gennady E. Kurtik, Euin Choung Kim, David Hilder, Wayne Horowitz, Susanne M Hoffmann


mulUR.NIG (𒀯𒌨𒊩𒌨) = nēltu "lioness" occurs only one time in cuneiform, in a list of stars from the the Middle Babylonian period in Syria, at Emar. It has been discussed whether this is a name variant of constellation UR.GU.LA in Leo, which is depicted as male in a first millennium drawing. Alternatively, it was suggested that the feminine form of the Akkadian at Emar in Syria in the Second Millennium BCE could also refer to an additional (rarely mentioned) constellation in earlier periods, particularly in the West-Semitic realm, or for an identification with another 'cat' shaped figure in the sky or just perhaps an ancient version of Leo Minor. This hypothesis is rejected, see Hoffmann and Horowitz 2025[1], pp. 35, 39.

Concordance, Etymology, History[2]

Only in Urra XXII series from Emar

  • [mulur.n]ig = ne2-el2-tu [Weidner 1959-60[3], 112, VAT 9430:28; MSL XI[4], 31, Gap j:c], see also [AHw[5], 783a; CAD[6] N/2, 192b].
  • The new edition of Horowitz and Bloch reads this entry as Ur.gi7 = kalbu - and where is the Emar example????

See discussion Hoffmann and Horowitz (2025)[7].

Historical Dictionaries

Kurtik (2022, n17)

(mul)Nēltu

аккадская параллель к mulUR.NIG «Львица», только в серии Urra XXII из Эмара, см.u23UR.NIG.
Kurtik (2022, u23) Gössmann (1950)
= nēltu «Львица»; только в Urra XXII: [mulur.n]ig = ne2-el-tu [Weidner 1959–60, 112, VAT 9430:28; MSL XI, 31, Gap j:c], см. также [AHw, 783a; CAD  N/2, 192b]. Example

References

  1. Hoffmann and Horowitz (2025). Lion, Lioness and Wings: Studies of The Lion-Asterism(s?) of Ancient Mesopotamia, Archiv für Orientforschung (AfO) 56, 33-43
  2. Planetarium Babylonicum 2.0, All Skies Encyclopaedia.
  3. Weidner  E.  Ein  astrologischer  Sammeltext  aus  der Sargonidenzeit // AfO. 1959-1960. Bd. 19. S. 105-113.
  4. Materials for the Sumerian Lexicon. Vol. XI. The Series HAR-ra = hubullu. Tablets XX-XXIV. Ed. by E.Reiner with the coll. of M.Civil. Roma, 1974.
  5. Soden von W. Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. Wiesbaden, 1985.
  6. The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. Chicago - Glückstadt, 1956 -...
  7. Hoffmann and Horowitz (2025). Lion, Lioness and Wings: Studies of The Lion-Asterism(s?) of Ancient Mesopotamia, Archiv für Orientforschung (AfO) 56, 33-43