Indian Names (All Terms): Difference between revisions

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Line 254: Line 254:
|<nowiki>Lyra | alf Lyrae</nowiki>
|<nowiki>Lyra | alf Lyrae</nowiki>
|Nakshatra
|Nakshatra
|-
|
|
|
|(Malayendu)
|
|tet Cet
|from Arabic
|-
|
|
|
|Adhah Paschimaga
|the one below and west
|bet UMa
|possibly Indian
|-
|
|
|
|Agasthya
|
|
|almost all texts
|-
|
|
|
|Anyomuni
|another sage
|bet UMa
|possibly Indian
|-
|-
|
|
Line 266: Line 298:
|
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|Aśvanābha
|Aśvanābha
|
|Ashvanabha
|Belly of the horse
|Belly of the horse (from Arabic)
|α And
|α And
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|-
|
|
|
|Bhujanga
|
|gam Vel
|possibly Indian
|-
|
|
|
|Brahmahridaya
|
|a Aur all  texts or b Aur ??
|possibly Indian
|-
|
|
|
|Dhanukoti
|part of Dhanu
|alf Ori
|from Arabic
|-
|-
|
|
Line 275: Line 331:
|
|
|Hayaamsha
|Hayaamsha
|Body part of horse
|Body part of horse (from Arabic)
|Sun?
|
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|-
|-
Line 290: Line 346:
|इल्वल
|इल्वल
|
|
|'''Illvala'''
|Ilvala
|
|'''ζ, ε, δ Ori'''(Belt of Orion)
|possibly Indian
|-
|
|
|
|'''ζ, ε, δ Ori'''
|
|
|Jantupuchcha
|
|bet Cet
|from Arabic
|-
|
|
|
|Kakaskandha
|shoulder of crow
|eps Crv
|from Arabic
|-
|
|
|
|kakayukta, kakudapuchha, kalaja
|related to crow
|alf Cyg
|from Arabic
|-
|
|
|
|Kapala
|human skull
|alf Phe
|possibly Indian
|-
|-
|
|
Line 305: Line 393:
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|
|
|Mānus ̟ aśīrs ̟ a
|
|Manusasirsa
|Lubdhaka
|Head of a person
|
(perhaps adopted from the Greek Medusa)
|alf CMa
|possibly Indian
|-
|
|
|
|Malayendu
|
|Ardralubdhaka
|possibly Indian
|-
|
|
|
|Malayendu / mahendrasuri
|
|ShaNmukha, Sadaasya
|possibly Indian
|-
|
|
|Mānus ̟ aśīrs ̟ a
|Manusasirsa, Manusha  shirsha
|Head of a person (from Arabic)
|β Per
|β Per
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|-
|
|
|
|Manushyaparshava
|
|alf Per
|possibly Indian
|-
|
|
|
|Marici
|name of a sage
|eta UMa
|possibly Indian
|-
|
|
|
|Matsyamukha
|
|alf PsA
|from Arabic
|-
|
|
|
|Matsyapuchha
|the tail of a fish
|alf Gru
|possibly Indian
|-
|-
|
|
Line 316: Line 459:
|
|
|Matsyodara
|Matsyodara
|Belly of the fish
|Belly of the fish (from Arabic)
(perhaps adopted from the Syriac/ Arabic tradition)
|β And
|β And
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|-
|
|
|
|Mithunadakshina, Mithunapadadakshina
|left side of Gemini
|bet Ori
|from Arabic
|-
|
|
|
|Mithunapada
|foot of Gemini
|zet Tau
|from Arabic
|-
|
|
|
|Mithunavamaskanda
|right side of Gemini
|kap, nu Ori
|from Arabic
|-
|
|
|
|Muneendra
|great sage
|alf UMa
|possibly Indian
|-
|
|
|
|Muni
|sage
|eta UMa
|possibly Indian
|-
|-
|
|
Line 325: Line 507:
|
|
|Nadyantaka
|Nadyantaka
|End of the river
|End of the river (from Arabic)
(certainly adopted from the Greek tradition)
|γ Phe
|γ Phe or ν Eri
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|-
|-
|
|
|
|
|Nr ̟ pārśva
|
|Nrparsva
|Nakrapuchha
|Side of a person
|tail of the crocodile
(adopted from the Greco-Babylonian tradition)
|sig Aqr
|possibly Indian
|-
|
|
|
|Nrihasta/Manushahsta
|man's hand
|tet Aur
|from Arabic
|-
|
|
|
|Nripada
|foot of a man
|bet Cen
|from Arabic
|-
|
|
|Nr ̟ pārśva
|Nrparsva, Nruparshva
|Side of a person/  part of the face of a man (from Arabic)
|α Per
|α Per
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|Shylaja+ (2016)
Line 341: Line 545:
|
|
|
|
|Pīt ̟ hamūla
|
|Pithhamula
|Nuramsa
|Base of the seat or chair
|man's shoulder
(adopted from the Greek tradition)
|bet Aur
|from Arabic
|-
|
|
|Pīt ̟ hamūla
|Pithhamula,  Peethamulam
|Base of the seat or chair
|γ Cas
|γ Cas
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|Shylaja+ (2016)
Line 350: Line 561:
|
|
|
|
|Supīt ̟ ha
|
|Supithha
|Prajapathi
|Auspicious seat / chair
|
|d Aur
|possibly Indian
|-
|
|
|
|Purato Muneendra
|next sage
|gam UMa
|possibly Indian
|-
|
|
|
|Samudra pakshi
|
|i Cet
|from Arabic
|-
|
|
|
|sarpa shirsha / Bhujaga shirsha
|head of serpent
|alf Ser
|from Arabic
|-
|
|
|
|Sarpayukta
|one with serpent
|alf Ara
|possibly Indian
|-
|
|
|
|Sauroktarudra
|Rudra cited in Soura – may be suryasiddhanta
|alf Ori
|possibly Indian
|-
|
|
|
|Shakthibha
|
|eta Boo
|possibly Indian
|-
|
|
|
|Shishumaara
|dolphin or fish
|tet Oph
|possibly Indian
|-
|
|
|
|Simha PrishTha
|backside of lion
|del Leo
|from Arabic
|-
|
|
|
|Simhaguhyam
|male organ of lion
|iot Leo
|from Arabic
|-
|
|
|
|Simhasaka
|part of lion
|gam Leo
|from Arabic
|-
|
|
|
|Skanda
|(6 headed karitikeya)
|alf Aur -
|possibly Indian
|-
|
|
|Supīt ̟ ha
|Supithha, Supeetha  (chair)
|Auspicious seat / chair
|δ Cas
|δ Cas
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|Shylaja+ (2016)
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|
|
|
|
|'''Trivikrama'''
|Tatpurato Muneendra
|'''Three Steps'''
|the sage after that
|'''ξν, μλ, ικ UMa'''
|eps UMa
|possibly Indian
|-
|
|
|
|
|Torana
|decorative motif on the main door
|alf Ser
|possibly Indian
|-
|
|
|
|Trivikrama
|three steps  /
one who put three steps
|'''ξν, μλ, ικ UMa'''nu, ksi UMa
|possibly Indian
|-
|-
|
|
Line 368: Line 692:
|
|
|Tulaikasikha
|Tulaikasikha
|First star of Tula (Libra)
|First star of Tula (Libra)
|α Lib (same as Visakha?)
|? Lib (same as Visakha?)
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|-
|-
Line 377: Line 701:
|Tulanyasikha
|Tulanyasikha
|Another star of Tula
|Another star of Tula
|β Lib
|?Lib
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|-
|-
Line 383: Line 707:
|
|
|
|
|Turangamsa
|Turanga
|Body part of horse
|
|nu Cet
|from Arabic
|-
|
|
|
|Turangaasa
|Body part of horse (from Arabic)
|
|
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|-
|
|
|
|Urdhva Paschimaga
|the one above and to the west
|alf UMa
|possibly Indian
|-
|
|
|
|Vajibahu
|
|tet Cet
|from Arabic
|-
|
|
|
|VasishTha
|
|zet UMa
|possibly Indian
|-
|
|
|
|Vatsa
|calf of a cow
|bet Tau
|possibly Indian
|-
|
|
|
|Vayasa
|
|bet Cyg
|from Arabic
|-
|-
|
|
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|
|
|Yama
|Yama
|May be same as Nadyantaka, South
|May be same as Nadyantaka, South
|α Eri
|α Eri
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|Shylaja+ (2016)
|-
|
|
|
|Yamyavasu, Lubdhaka Bandhu
|southern vasu
|alf CMi
|possibly Indian
|-
|
|
|
|Yugala
|
|tet Oph
|possibly Indian
|-
|
|
|
|Yugasamkaravya
|
|gam Ori
|possibly Indian
|-
|
|
|
|Yugma
|
|lam, mu UMa
|possibly Indian
|-
|
|
|
|Yugma
|
|gam+bet Dra
|possibly Indian
|-
|
|
|
|Yugmaka
|
|iot UMa, kap UMa
|possibly Indian
|}
|}


Revision as of 15:38, 9 August 2025

Map of India, part of South Asia (UN region)

The Indian subcontinent hosts a rich and old traditional astronomy in many different flavours. It grew and was inspired by exchange with neighbouring cultures such as Chinese and Mesopotamian.

Sanscrit Transliteration English Description/ Translation Source
with diacritics without ... Reference
1 अश्विनी Aśvini, dasra Aśvini (अश्विनी) Twin physician of the Gods β, γ Arietis

(perhaps also α Ari in some variants)

Nakshatra
2 भरणी Yamya, yamabha Bharani (भरणी) the bearer, a container 35, 39 and 41 Arietis |

(three stars)

Nakshatra
3 कृत्तिका Kṛttika,Agni, Hutabhuk, agnidaiva Kṛttika (कृत्तिका) Pleiades personified as the nurses of Kārttikeya, a son of Shiva Pleiades Nakshatra
4 रोहिणी Brahmya, Brahmabha Rohiṇī (रोहिणी) "the red one", a name of Aldebaran. Also known as brāhmī Aldebaran

and the Hyades

Nakshatra
5 मृगशिर Mṛgaśira, Somya Mṛgaśira (मृगशिर) "the deer's head". Also known as āgrahāyaṇī λ, φ1,2 Orionis Nakshatra
6 आर्द्रा Roudra, Shivabha Ardra (आर्द्रा) wetness, Betelgeuse Nakshatra
7 पुनर्वसु (dual) Yamakau, aditerbha Punarvasu (पुनर्वसु) "the twinrestorers of goods", also known as yamakau "the two chariots"? 4 stars:

α, β Geminorum (ε, ζ Gem?)

Nakshatra
8 पुष्य Puṣya Puṣya (पुष्य) "the nourisher", also known as sidhya or tiṣya γ, δ and θ Cancri

(represented by α CMi)

Nakshatra
9 आश्लेषः Āshleshā, Ahya, Phanibha, Sarpa Ashlesha (आश्लेषः) "the embrace" δ, ε , η, ρ, and σ Hydrae Nakshatra
10 मघा Maghā? Paitra Maghā (मघा) "the bountiful"? 5 stars: Regulus (α Leo), γ, η, 31,ο and ρ Leonis Nakshatra
11 पूर्व फाल्गुनी Pūrva Phalgunī, Bhagya, Bhagybha Pūrva Phalgunī (पूर्व फाल्गुनी) "first reddish one"? δ and θ Leonis Nakshatra
12 उत्तर फाल्गुनी Uttara Phalgunī, Arya, Aryamrksha Uttara Phalgunī (उत्तर फाल्गुनी) "second reddish one"? Denebola plus 3 more Nakshatra
13 हस्त Hasta Hasta (हस्त), kara, Ravibha "the hand" β, α, ε, γ, and δ Corvi Nakshatra
14 चित्रा Citrā, Tvarshtra Citrā (चित्रा) "the bright one" Spica Nakshatra
15 स्वाति Anila Malayendu's Svati (स्वाति) "Su-Ati - Goodness Arcturus

(+ η and ζ Bootis)

Nakshatra
16 विशाखा Viśākhā, Dvidaivata Viśākhā (विशाखा) "forked, having many branches" α, β, γ and ι Librae Nakshatra
17 अनुराधा Maitra Anuradha (अनुराधा) "following rādhā" β, δ, ρ and π Scorpii Nakshatra
18 ज्येष्ठा Jyeṣṭha, Śakra, Aindra Jyeṣṭha (ज्येष्ठा) "the eldest, most excellent" α, σ, and τ Scorpii Nakshatra
19 मूल Mūlā, Nirtibha Mūlā (मूल) "the root" ε, μ, ζ, η, θ, ι, κ, and λ Scorpii Nakshatra
20 पूर्व आषाढा Purvaṣādha, Jaladaivata, Apya, Toya, Jalarksha Purvaṣādha (पूर्व आषाढा) "first of the āṣāḍhā", āṣāḍhā "the invincible one" δ and ε Sagittarii Nakshatra
21 उत्तर आषाढा Uttara Āṣāḍhā, Vaiśvadeva Uttara Āṣāḍhā (उत्तर आषाढा) "Latter invincible" ζ and σ Sagittarii Nakshatra
22 श्रवण Śravana, Śṛti, Vaisnava, Haribha Śravana (श्रवण) Listening α, β and γ Aquilae | Altair Nakshatra
23 श्रविष्ठा/

धनिष्ठा

Dhaniṣṭhā, Vāsava, Vasubha, Śraviṣṭhā Dhaniṣṭhā (श्रविष्ठा) "most famous", also Shravishthā "swiftest" α, β, γ, δ Delphini Nakshatra
24 शतभिष/

शततारका

Śatabhiṣa, Śatabhiṣaj, Varunarksha Shatabhisha/

Śatabhiṣa (शतभिषक्)

a hundred physicians" λ Aquarii Nakshatra
25 पूर्व भाद्रपदा/

पूर्व प्रोष्ठपदा

Purvābhādra, Ajanghri, Ajaikapada, Pragbhadra Purvābhādra (पूर्व भाद्रपदा) "the first of the blessed feet"? α and β Pegasi Nakshatra
26 उत्तर भाद्रपदा/

उत्तर प्रोष्ठपदा

Uttara Bhādrapada, Ahirbudhnya, dvitiyabhādra, upāntya Uttara Bhādrapada (उत्तर भाद्रपदा)

(U. Bhadra)

"the second of the blessed feet"? γ Pegasi and α Andromedae Nakshatra
27 रेवती Pourshna Revati (रेवती) "prosperous"? ζ Piscium

(plus 30 more stars, perhaps including M31)

Nakshatra
28 अभिजित Vidibha Abhijit (अभिजित) Victorius Lyra | alf Lyrae Nakshatra
(Malayendu) tet Cet from Arabic
Adhah Paschimaga the one below and west bet UMa possibly Indian
Agasthya almost all texts
Anyomuni another sage bet UMa possibly Indian
Āptapān Aptapan ?? α Cas Shylaja+ (2016)
Aśvanābha Ashvanabha Belly of the horse (from Arabic) α And Shylaja+ (2016)
Bhujanga gam Vel possibly Indian
Brahmahridaya a Aur all texts or b Aur ?? possibly Indian
Dhanukoti part of Dhanu alf Ori from Arabic
Hayaamsha Body part of horse (from Arabic) Shylaja+ (2016)
Hutabhuk Fire, Agni β Tau Shylaja+ (2016)
इल्वल Ilvala ζ, ε, δ Ori(Belt of Orion) possibly Indian
Jantupuchcha bet Cet from Arabic
Kakaskandha shoulder of crow eps Crv from Arabic
kakayukta, kakudapuchha, kalaja related to crow alf Cyg from Arabic
Kapala human skull alf Phe possibly Indian
Kartitakara ?? β Cas Shylaja+ (2016)
Lubdhaka alf CMa possibly Indian
Malayendu Ardralubdhaka possibly Indian
Malayendu / mahendrasuri ShaNmukha, Sadaasya possibly Indian
Mānus ̟ aśīrs ̟ a Manusasirsa, Manusha shirsha Head of a person (from Arabic) β Per Shylaja+ (2016)
Manushyaparshava alf Per possibly Indian
Marici name of a sage eta UMa possibly Indian
Matsyamukha alf PsA from Arabic
Matsyapuchha the tail of a fish alf Gru possibly Indian
Matsyodara Belly of the fish (from Arabic) β And Shylaja+ (2016)
Mithunadakshina, Mithunapadadakshina left side of Gemini bet Ori from Arabic
Mithunapada foot of Gemini zet Tau from Arabic
Mithunavamaskanda right side of Gemini kap, nu Ori from Arabic
Muneendra great sage alf UMa possibly Indian
Muni sage eta UMa possibly Indian
Nadyantaka End of the river (from Arabic) γ Phe Shylaja+ (2016)
Nakrapuchha tail of the crocodile sig Aqr possibly Indian
Nrihasta/Manushahsta man's hand tet Aur from Arabic
Nripada foot of a man bet Cen from Arabic
Nr ̟ pārśva Nrparsva, Nruparshva Side of a person/ part of the face of a man (from Arabic) α Per Shylaja+ (2016)
Nuramsa man's shoulder bet Aur from Arabic
Pīt ̟ hamūla Pithhamula, Peethamulam Base of the seat or chair γ Cas Shylaja+ (2016)
Prajapathi d Aur possibly Indian
Purato Muneendra next sage gam UMa possibly Indian
Samudra pakshi i Cet from Arabic
sarpa shirsha / Bhujaga shirsha head of serpent alf Ser from Arabic
Sarpayukta one with serpent alf Ara possibly Indian
Sauroktarudra Rudra cited in Soura – may be suryasiddhanta alf Ori possibly Indian
Shakthibha eta Boo possibly Indian
Shishumaara dolphin or fish tet Oph possibly Indian
Simha PrishTha backside of lion del Leo from Arabic
Simhaguhyam male organ of lion iot Leo from Arabic
Simhasaka part of lion gam Leo from Arabic
Skanda (6 headed karitikeya) alf Aur - possibly Indian
Supīt ̟ ha Supithha, Supeetha (chair) Auspicious seat / chair δ Cas Shylaja+ (2016)
Tatpurato Muneendra the sage after that eps UMa possibly Indian
Torana decorative motif on the main door alf Ser possibly Indian
Trivikrama three steps /

one who put three steps

ξν, μλ, ικ UManu, ksi UMa possibly Indian
Tulaikasikha First star of Tula (Libra) ? Lib (same as Visakha?) Shylaja+ (2016)
Tulanyasikha Another star of Tula ?Lib Shylaja+ (2016)
Turanga nu Cet from Arabic
Turangaasa Body part of horse (from Arabic) Shylaja+ (2016)
Urdhva Paschimaga the one above and to the west alf UMa possibly Indian
Vajibahu tet Cet from Arabic
VasishTha zet UMa possibly Indian
Vatsa calf of a cow bet Tau possibly Indian
Vayasa bet Cyg from Arabic
Yama May be same as Nadyantaka, South α Eri Shylaja+ (2016)
Yamyavasu, Lubdhaka Bandhu southern vasu alf CMi possibly Indian
Yugala tet Oph possibly Indian
Yugasamkaravya gam Ori possibly Indian
Yugma lam, mu UMa possibly Indian
Yugma gam+bet Dra possibly Indian
Yugmaka iot UMa, kap UMa possibly Indian

References

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