Andromeda

Authors: Susanne M Hoffmann, Youla Azkarrula, Doris Vickers, IanRidpath

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star chart

And star chart (IAU and Sky & Telescope magazine, Roger Sinnott & Rick Fienberg).

Perseus defends Andromeda from the monster Cetus by pelting it with stones. Corinthian amphora, 575–550 BCE. Note that no rock is visible, only the stones which are thrown at the monster by Perseus (Antikensammlung Berlin, Altes Museum, F 1652, Zdenek Kratochvil).

Andromeda is the daughter of Queen Kassiepeia (Latin: Cassiopeia) and King Kepheus (Cepheus) of Ethipia. The mythology of her being married to Perseus and becoming the ancestress of the people of Tiryn connects her to ancient matriarchs. It is assumed that the actors are mythological figures without a historical counterpart. The visual representation of the constellation and the interpretation underwent strong transformations.

Etymology and History

The origin of the term "Andromeda" remains unclear. Possible derivatives are thinkable from ἀνδρίς (andris, woman) or ἀνδρός (andros, man/ human), or δρομάς (running/ runner). The latter is also the origin of the term "dromedary" for the one-humped camels that are native to North Africa and Arabia and contrast the two-humped camels from Central Asia. Two-humped camels have been domesticated much earlier than one-humped camels: the first one being proven already in the 3rd millennium BCE while the dromedary is attested only from around 1100 BCE±100y onwards. This is also the time of the Trojan War and the Jewish "exodus", the migration of Israelites from Egypt to the promised land: seems to be a time of change all over the Mediterranean. It is not excluded that the name "Andromeda" of a princess in Greek mythology is somehow related to the domestication of dromedaries.

Andromeda in Ancient Source

Babylonian Predecessor

In the area of this constellation, Babylonian uranography had the goddess Anunitu(m), an epithet of Inanna/ Ištar, a goddess of love and war.

Greco-Roman

Kugel Globe (1st c.BCE): Andromeda, Cassiopeia, Perseus, Cepheus, drawing by SMH 2024.

Eudoxus

Vor dem Kepheus befindet sich die Kassiopeja, unter dieser aber die Andromeda; letzt re hat die linke Schulter über dem nördlichen Fisch und den Gürtel über dem Widder, wenn man von dem Dreieck absieht, welches dazwischen liegt. Den Stern im Kopfe hat sie gemeinsam mit dem Pferde, an dessen Bauche er steht.

(Hipp Lib I Cap II §13)

Eudoxos on the summer solstice circle:

"Es liegt auf diesem die Mitte des Krebses und der Längsdurchschnitt von dem Körper des Löwen, von der Jungfrau die nur wenig nördlich gelegenen Teile, der Nacken der getragenen Schlange, die rechte Hand des Knieenden, der Kopf des Schlangenträgers, der Hals und der linke Flügel des Schwanes, die Füße des Pferdes , ferner sowohl die rechte Hand der Andromeda als auch der Raum zwischen ihren Füßen, vom Perseus die linke Schulter und das linke Schienbein , ferner die Kniee des Fuhrmanns und die Köpfe der Zwillinge; dann schließt er sich wieder an die Mitte des Krebses an. '

(Hipp Lib I Cap. II §18)

Aratus

There too revolves that awesome figure of Andromeda, well defined beneath her mother. I do not think you will have to look all round the night sky in order to sight her very quickly, [200] so clear are her head, the shoulders on either side, the feet at her extremity, and all her girdle. Even there, however, she is extended with outstretched arms, and bonds are laid on her even in the sky; those arms of hers are raised and out-spread there all the time. (Kidd 1997)

Eratosthenes

Var. 1: It owes Athena its place among the constellations, to remind us of Perseus' exploits; She has her arms crossed, in the position in which she was exposed to the sea monster. Consequently Andromeda decided, once she had been saved by Perseus, not to not to remain with her father and mother, and, inspired by her generosity, voluntarily chose to leave with Perseus and accompany him to Argos. This is what Euripides explicitly recounts in the play he wrote about her.

Andromeda has a shining star on her head, one on each shoulder, one on the right elbow, one shining the end of the arm, one on the left elbow, two shining stars on the oar at the end of the arm, three on the belt, four above the belt, one shining on each knee, two on the right foot and one on the left foot. A total of 20.

Var. 2: Elle doit à Athéna de se trouver parmi les constellation, pour rappeler au souvenir les exploits de Persée; elle a les bras en croiy, dans la position dans laquelle elle fut persée. Euripide le dit aussi dans la pièce de théatre en question.

Andromède a une étoile brillante sur la tête, une sur le coude droit, une à l'extrémité de la main, une sur chaque épaule, trois sur la ceinture, quatre au-dessus de la ceinture, une brilante sur chaque genou, deux sur le pied <droit> et une sur le gauche. En tout dix-sept.

(Pamias and Zucker 2013)

Hipparchus

Rising (Lib II Cap V §10)

The Rising of Andromeda ...

	east		south
	lam1	lam2	lam1	lam2
	Cap 15	Aqr 23.5	Sco 5.5	Sgr 7.5
star	The more noble of those in the right hand	The one at the end of the left hand
duration	2 1/8 hours = 127.5 min = 31 7/8 degree

Setting (Lib II Cap VI §10)

	west		south
	lam1	lam2	lam1	lam2
	Ari 21	Tau 23.5	Cnc 23.5	Vir 5
star	The one on the head	The more northerly of those in the right foot
duration	2 2/3 hours = 160 min = 40°

Stars Mentioned

	Greek	German	English	ident.	src		lam_culm
		Der nödlichere von denen in der rechten Hand	The more noble of those in the right hand	lam	Lib II Cap V §10	rising, east, first
		Der am Ende der linken Hand	The one at the end of the left hand	zet	Lib II Cap V §10	rising, east, last
		Der in der linken Hand der Andromeda	The one in the left hand of the Andromeda	zet	Lib II Cap VI §2	setting CrB, south, last	Psc 13.5
		Von der Andromeda der im linken Fuße	From the Andromeda in the left foot	gam	Lib II Cap VI §13	setting Aql, south, first	Ari 2
		Von der Andromeda der nördlichste von denen an der Brust	From Andromeda the northernmost of those on the chest	pi	Lib III Cap I §9	rising Ori, south, last	Psc 13
		Der am Kopfe	The one on the head	alf	Lib II Cap VI §10	setting, west, first
		Der nördlichere von denen im rechten Fuße	The more northerly of those in the right foot	phi Per	Lib II Cap VI §10	setting, west, last
		Von der Andromeda der nachfolgende von denen im Gürtel	From the Andromeda the following of those in the belt	bet	Lib III Cap I §13	rising CMi, south, first	Psc 15
		Der helle im Kopfe der Andromeda	The bright one in the head of Andromeda	alf	Lib III Cap III §1b	rising Cnc, south, first	Psc 5
		Von der Andromeda der linke Fuß, wenig östlich des Meridians	From Andromeda the left foot, a little east of the meridian	gam	Lib III Cap III §1	rising Cnc, south, last	Ari 0.5
		Von der Andromeda der mittelste von den dreien in der rechten Schulter	From the Andromeda, the centre one of the three in the right shoulder	rho	Lib III Cap III §12	rising Gem, south, last	Psc 8.5
		Von der Andromeda der nördlichere von denen an der Brust	Of the Andromeda, the more northerly of those on the chest	pi	Lib III Cap IV §7	setting Cap, south, first	Psc 10.5

Hyginus, Astronomica

They say she was put among the constellations by the favour of Minerva, on account of the valor of Perseus, who freed her from danger when exposed to the sea-monster. Nor did he receive less kindness from her in return for his good deed. For neither her father Cepheus nor her mother Cassiepia could dissuade her from following Perseus, leaving parents and country. About her Euripides has written a most excellent play with her name as title. (Mary Ward 1960)

Ptolemy's Almagest

	Greek	English (Toomer 1984)	identification (Toomer 1984)
1	ὁ ἐν τῷ μεταφρένῳ	The star in the place between the shoulders	δ And
2	ὁ ἐν τῷ δεξιῷ ὤμῳ	The star in the right shoulder	π And
3	ὁ ἐν τῷ ἀριστερῷ ὤμῳ	The star in the left shoulder	ε And
4	τῶν ἐπὶ τοῦ δεξιοῦ βραχίονος γ ὁ νότιος	The southernmost of the 3 stars on the right upper arm	σ And
5	ὁ βόρειος αὐτῶν	The northernmost of them	θ And
6	ὁ μέσος τῶν τριῶν	The middle one of the three	ρ And
7	τῶν ἐπὶ τοῦ δεξιοῦ ἀκροχείρου γ ὁ νότιος	The southernmost of the 3 stars on the right band	ι And
8	ὁ μέσος αὐτῶν	The middle one of these	κ And
9	ὁ βόρειος τῶν τριῶν	The northernmost of the three	λ And
10	ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἀριστεροῦ βραχίονος	The star on the left upper arm	ζ And
11	ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἀριστεροῦ ἀγκῶνος	The star on the left elbow	η And
12	τῶν ὑπερ τὸ περίζωμα γ ὁ νότιος	The sduthernmost of the 3 stars over the girdle	β And
13	ὁ μέσος αὐτῶν	The middle one of these	μ And
14	ὁ βόρειος τῶν τριῶν	The northernmost of the three	ν And
15	ὁ ύπὲρ τὸν άριστερὸν πόδα	The star over the left foot	γ And
16	ὁ ἐν τῷ δεξιῷ ποδί	The star in the right foot	φ Per
17	ὁ τούτοv vοτιώτερος	The one south of the latter	51 And
18	τῶv ἐπι τῆς ἀριστερᾶς ἀγκύλης β ὁ βορειότερος	The northernmost of the 2 stars on the left knee-bend	υ And
19	ὁ νοτιώτερος αὐτῶv	The southernmost of them	τ And
20	ὁ ἐπι τοῦ δεξιοῦ γόνατος	The star on the right knee	φ And
21	τῶν ἐν τῷ σύρματι β ὁ βορειότερος	The northernmost of the two stars in the lower hem [ of the garment]	49 And
22	ὁ νοτιώτερος αὐτῶν	The southernmost or them	χ And
23	ὁ ἐκτὸς καὶ προηγούμενος τῶν ἐν τῷ δεξιῷ ἀκροχείρῳ γ	The star in advance of the three in the right hand, outside [ of it]	ο And

{23 stars, 4 of the third magnitude, 15 of the fourth, 4 of the fifth}

Convex Hull for the stars inside Andromeda (CC BY Youla Azkarrula).

Stars within the Constellation Area

id	Label	IAU design.	description	Vmag
1	Capella	HIP 24608	Inside the hull	0.08
2	Deneb	HIP 102098	Inside the hull	1.25
3	Mirfak	HIP 15863	Inside the hull	1.79
4	Menkalinan	HIP 28360	Inside the hull	1.9
5	Mirach	HIP 5447	Constellation lines	2.05
6	Alpheratz	HIP 677	Constellation lines (Vertex)	2.06
7	Almach	HIP 9640	Constellation lines (Vertex)	2.1
8	Algol	HIP 14576	Inside the hull	2.12
9	Scheat	HIP 113881	Inside the hull	2.42
10	Mahasim	HIP 28380	Inside the hull	2.62
11	Hassaleh	HIP 23015	Inside the hull	2.69
12	ζ Persei	HIP 18246	Inside the hull	2.85
13	Fawaris	HIP 97165	Inside the hull	2.87
14	Cor Caroli	HIP 63125	Inside the hull	2.88
15	ϵ Persei	HIP 18532	Inside the hull	2.89
16	Matar	HIP 112158	Inside the hull	2.95
17	Almaaz	HIP 23416	Inside the hull	2.99
18	Alaybasan	HIP 10064	Inside the hull	3
19	δ Persei	HIP 17358	Inside the hull	3.01
20	ψ Ursae Majoris	HIP 54539	Inside the hull	3.01
21	Seginus	HIP 71075	Inside the hull	3.02
22	Tania Australis	HIP 50801	Inside the hull	3.05
23	Talitha	HIP 44127	Inside the hull	3.14
24	Haedus	HIP 23767	Inside the hull	3.18
25	δ Andromedae	HIP 3092	Constellation lines	3.28
26	ρ Persei	HIP 14354	Inside the hull	3.39
27	Tania Borealis	HIP 50372	Inside the hull	3.45
28	Nekkar	HIP 73555	Inside the hull	3.52
29	Alkaphrah	HIP 44471	Inside the hull	3.55
30	θ Geminorum	HIP 33018	Inside the hull	3.6
31	Alfarasalkamil	HIP 113726	Inside the hull	3.62
32	Taiyangshou	HIP 57399	Inside the hull	3.72
33	ξ Cygni	HIP 104060	Inside the hull	3.73
34	Saclateni	HIP 23453	Inside the hull	3.75
35	ν Persei	HIP 17529	Inside the hull	3.8
36	ι Herculis	HIP 86414	Inside the hull	3.8
37	ο1 Cyg	HIP 99675	Inside the hull	3.8
38	Misam	HIP 14668	Inside the hull	3.81
39	Udkadua	HIP 116584	Constellation lines (Vertex)	3.82
40	μ Andromedae	HIP 4436	Constellation lines	3.87
41	τ Herculis	HIP 79992	Inside the hull	3.87
42	Atik	HIP 17448	Inside the hull	3.91
43	38 Lyn	HIP 45688	Inside the hull	3.92
44	ν Aurigae	HIP 27673	Inside the hull	3.95
45	10 UMa	HIP 44248	Inside the hull	3.96
46	Apdu	HIP 10670	Inside the hull	4
47	R Lyr	HIP 92862	Inside the hull	4
48	ρ Cygni	HIP 106481	Inside the hull	4.02
49	48 Per	HIP 19343	Inside the hull	4.03
50	ι Persei	HIP 14632	Inside the hull	4.04
51	Shimu	HIP 3693	Constellation lines (Vertex)	4.06
52	Dajiangjunbei	HIP 8068	Constellation lines (Vertex)	4.06
53	Menkib	HIP 18614	Inside the hull	4.06
54	θ Persei	HIP 12777	Inside the hull	4.11
55	1 Lac	HIP 109937	Inside the hull	4.15
56	μ Persei	HIP 19812	Inside the hull	4.16
57	Xuange	HIP 69732	Inside the hull	4.18
58	σ Herculis	HIP 81126	Inside the hull	4.196
59	C 0519+409	C 0519+409	Inside the hull	4.2
60	β Leonis Minoris	HIP 51233	Inside the hull	4.21
61	-	HIP 13254	Inside the hull	4.21
62	ψ Persei	HIP 16826	Inside the hull	4.23
63	Junnanmen	HIP 5434	Constellation lines	4.25
64	π Aurigae	HIP 28404	Inside the hull	4.25
65	Alsciaukat	HIP 41075	Inside the hull	4.25
66	Chara	HIP 61317	Inside the hull	4.25
67	58 Per	HIP 21476	Inside the hull	4.26
68	ϕ Herculis	HIP 79101	Inside the hull	4.27
69	Rasalnaqa	HIP 116631	Constellation lines (Vertex)	4.29
70	π Andromedae	HIP 2912	Constellation lines	4.36
71	σ Persei	HIP 16335	Inside the hull	4.36
72	5 Lac	HIP 111022	Inside the hull	4.37
73	ϵ Andromedae	HIP 3031	Constellation lines	4.38
74	Kui	HIP 4463	Constellation lines (Vertex)	4.42
75	11 Lac	HIP 111944	Inside the hull	4.46
76	21 LMi	HIP 49593	Inside the hull	4.49
77	-	HIP 109754	Inside the hull	4.49
78	τ Aurigae	HIP 27483	Inside the hull	4.5
79	6 Lac	HIP 111104	Inside the hull	4.511
80	ν Andromedae	HIP 3881	Constellation lines	4.53
81	17 Per	HIP 13328	Inside the hull	4.53
82	-	HIP 44700	Inside the hull	4.539
83	2 Lac	HIP 110351	Inside the hull	4.54
84	4 Lac	HIP 110609	Inside the hull	4.58
85	10 LMi	HIP 46952	Inside the hull	4.6
86	ω Persei	HIP 14817	Inside the hull	4.607
87	θ Andromedae	HIP 1366	Constellation lines	4.61
88	21 Lyn	HIP 36145	Inside the hull	4.61
89	χ Herculis	HIP 77760	Inside the hull	4.62
90	ω Ursae Majoris	HIP 53295	Inside the hull	4.664
91	52 Per	HIP 19811	Inside the hull	4.691
92	20 CVn	HIP 64844	Inside the hull	4.698
93	π Persei	HIP 13879	Inside the hull	4.7
94	υ Herculis	HIP 78592	Inside the hull	4.709
95	65 And	HIP 11313	Inside the hull	4.71
96	λ Aurigae	HIP 24813	Inside the hull	4.71
97	-	HIP 51658	Inside the hull	4.715
98	34 Per	HIP 16244	Inside the hull	4.735
99	υ Aurigae	HIP 27639	Inside the hull	4.74
100	56 Peg	HIP 114155	Inside the hull	4.74
101	ψ 1 Aurigae	HIP 30520	Inside the hull	4.75
102	57 Cyg	HIP 103089	Inside the hull	4.77
103	2 Aur	HIP 22678	Inside the hull	4.779
104	-	HIP 47029	Inside the hull	4.8
105	55 UMa	HIP 55266	Inside the hull	4.8
106	53 Per	HIP 20354	Inside the hull	4.812
107	30 Cyg	HIP 99639	Inside the hull	4.819
108	58 And	HIP 9977	Inside the hull	4.82
109	-	HIP 15416	Inside the hull	4.82
110	ψ 2 Aurigae	HIP 31832	Inside the hull	4.82
111	μ Aurigae	HIP 24340	Inside the hull	4.821
112	52 Her	HIP 82321	Inside the hull	4.823
113	60 And	HIP 10340	Inside the hull	4.826
114	Quadrans	HIP 73695	Inside the hull	4.83
115	Deltoton	HIP 10644	Inside the hull	4.83
116	55 Cyg	HIP 102724	Inside the hull	4.86
117	1 Aur	HIP 22453	Inside the hull	4.867
118	La Superba	HIP 62223	Inside the hull	4.87
119	10 Lac	HIP 111841	Inside the hull	4.88
120	63 Aur	HIP 34752	Inside the hull	4.886
121	ψ10 Aur	HIP 33485	Inside the hull	4.893
122	Jishui	HIP 37265	Inside the hull	4.9
123	12 Per	HIP 12623	Inside the hull	4.92
124	54 Per	HIP 20252	Inside the hull	4.929
125	24 Per	HIP 13905	Inside the hull	4.93
126	15 Lac	HIP 112917	Inside the hull	4.938
127	τ Andromedae	HIP 7818	Constellation lines	4.94
128	-	HIP 64540	Inside the hull	4.94
129	32 Per	HIP 15648	Inside the hull	4.946
130	-	HIP 16147	Inside the hull	4.97
131	40 Per	HIP 17313	Inside the hull	4.972
132	ψ 7 Aurigae	HIP 32844	Inside the hull	4.975
133	ν 2 Boötis	HIP 76041	Inside the hull	4.978
134	Cl Melotte 20 772	Cl Melotte 20 772	Inside the hull	4.989
135	σ Aurigae	HIP 25292	Inside the hull	4.996
136	-	HIP 88788	Inside the hull	4.997
137	ω Aurigae	HIP 23179	Inside the hull	5
138	KW Aur	HIP 24504	Inside the hull	5
139	68 Cyg	HIP 105186	Inside the hull	5
140	16 Lyr	HIP 93408	Inside the hull	5.006
141	χ Andromedae	HIP 7719	Constellation lines	5.008
142	72 Peg	HIP 116310	Inside the hull	5.008
143	6 CVn	HIP 60646	Inside the hull	5.01
144	30 Her	HIP 80704	Inside the hull	5.01
145	ψ 4 Aurigae	HIP 32173	Inside the hull	5.02
146	ν 1 Boötis	HIP 75973	Inside the hull	5.026
147	19 Aur	HIP 24879	Inside the hull	5.03
148	56 UMa	HIP 55560	Inside the hull	5.03
149	31 Per	HIP 15444	Inside the hull	5.032
150	22 And	HIP 841	Inside the hull	5.04
151	-	HIP 35384	Inside the hull	5.05
152	Chalawan	HIP 53721	Inside the hull	5.05
153	-	HIP 102843	Inside the hull	5.05
154	ϕ Aurigae	HIP 25541	Inside the hull	5.059
155	-	HIP 96825	Inside the hull	5.06
156	49 UMa	HIP 53838	Inside the hull	5.062
157	-	HIP 83947	Inside the hull	5.065
158	-	HIP 109102	Inside the hull	5.07
159	13 Lac	HIP 112242	Inside the hull	5.08
160	75 Cyg	HIP 106999	Inside the hull	5.086
161	21 Per	HIP 13775	Inside the hull	5.093
162	15 LMi	HIP 48113	Inside the hull	5.1
163	19 LMi	HIP 48833	Inside the hull	5.104
164	42 Per	HIP 17886	Inside the hull	5.11
165	μ Coronae Borealis	HIP 76307	Inside the hull	5.11
166	65 Aur	HIP 35710	Inside the hull	5.12
167	-	HIP 73695A	Inside the hull	5.136
168	14 Tri	HIP 11784	Inside the hull	5.144
169	35 Lyn	HIP 43531	Inside the hull	5.148
170	90 Her	HIP 87563	Inside the hull	5.15
171	-	HIP 52469	Inside the hull	5.15
172	29 Per	HIP 15404	Inside the hull	5.157
173	-	HIP 96459	Inside the hull	5.169
174	DU Lyn	HIP 37946	Inside the hull	5.18
175	* 2 And A	HIP 113788	Inside the hull	5.18
176	66 Aur	HIP 35907	Inside the hull	5.188
177	64 And	HIP 11220	Inside the hull	5.19
178	-	HIP 58684	Inside the hull	5.2
179	ρ Aurigae	HIP 25048	Inside the hull	5.207
180	ψ 6 Aurigae	HIP 32562	Inside the hull	5.216
181	71 Cyg	HIP 106093	Inside the hull	5.217
182	Veritate	HIP 116076	Inside the hull	5.22
183	12 Lac	HIP 112031	Inside the hull	5.229
184	ψ 5 Aurigae	HIP 32480	Inside the hull	5.23
185	7 Tri	HIP 10559	Inside the hull	5.249
186	UU Aur	HIP 31579	Inside the hull	5.25
187	ϕ Boötis	HIP 76534	Inside the hull	5.254
188	42 Lyn	HIP 47300	Inside the hull	5.276
189	BY Boo	HIP 69038	Inside the hull	5.28
190	36 Lyn	HIP 45290	Inside the hull	5.282
191	4 And	HIP 114200	Inside the hull	5.294
192	59 Per	HIP 21928	Inside the hull	5.298
193	V575 Per	HIP 15770	Inside the hull	5.3
194	62 And	HIP 10819	Inside the hull	5.31
195	36 Per	HIP 16499	Inside the hull	5.32
196	ψ 3 Aurigae	HIP 31789	Inside the hull	5.331
197	-	HIP 96288	Inside the hull	5.336
198	11 LMi	HIP 47080	Inside the hull	5.34
199	20 Per	HIP 13490	Inside the hull	5.343
200	40 Aur	HIP 28946	Inside the hull	5.345
201	64 Peg	HIP 115355	Inside the hull	5.348
202	57 UMa	HIP 56034	Inside the hull	5.354
203	34 Lyn	HIP 42604	Inside the hull	5.359
204	8 LMi	HIP 46735	Inside the hull	5.37
205	IQ Aur	HIP 24799	Inside the hull	5.371
206	15 Tri	HIP 12086	Inside the hull	5.374
207	-	HIP 18396	Inside the hull	5.379
208	2 Her	HIP 77907	Inside the hull	5.38
209	W Cyg	HIP 106642	Inside the hull	5.38
210	33 Boo	HIP 71618	Inside the hull	5.387
211	Intercrus	HIP 46471	Inside the hull	5.393
212	-	HIP 20156	Inside the hull	5.4
213	NGC 2281	NGC 2281	Inside the hull	5.4
214	14 Cyg	HIP 96693	Inside the hull	5.4
215	EW Lac	HIP 113327	Inside the hull	5.43
216	60 Cyg	HIP 103732	Inside the hull	5.432
217	14 Per	HIP 12768	Inside the hull	5.435
218	68 Psc	HIP 4510	Inside the hull	5.438
219	-	HIP 92831	Inside the hull	5.44
220	26 Lyn	HIP 38639	Inside the hull	5.446
221	-	HIP 53781	Inside the hull	5.448
222	36 And	HIP 4288	Inside the hull	5.45
223	-	HIP 24902	Inside the hull	5.456
224	ο Aurigae	HIP 27196	Inside the hull	5.46
225	V396 Per	HIP 16470	Inside the hull	5.461
226	-	HIP 103094	Inside the hull	5.462
227	30 Per	HIP 15338	Inside the hull	5.476
228	-	HIP 80008	Inside the hull	5.48
229	-	HIP 13965	Inside the hull	5.485
230	-	HIP 18434	Inside the hull	5.488
231	-	HIP 67250	Inside the hull	5.501
232	ϵ Trianguli	HIP 9570	Inside the hull	5.516
233	-	HIP 19335	Inside the hull	5.52
234	-	HIP 109745	Inside the hull	5.53
235	-	HIP 35136	Inside the hull	5.53
236	-	HIP 56770	Inside the hull	5.53
237	-	HIP 75257	Inside the hull	5.532
238	-	HIP 25143	Inside the hull	5.542
239	-	HIP 103519	Inside the hull	5.547
240	67 Peg	HIP 115591	Inside the hull	5.548
241	-	HIP 34267	Inside the hull	5.551
242	11 Tri	HIP 11432	Inside the hull	5.552
243	-	HIP 89482	Inside the hull	5.556
244	63 Peg	HIP 115271	Inside the hull	5.557
245	V819 Her	HIP 84949	Inside the hull	5.561
246	V340 And	HIP 116354	Inside the hull	5.563
247	-	HIP 17203	Inside the hull	5.57
248	-	HIP 16210	Inside the hull	5.572
249	70 Gem	HIP 37204	Inside the hull	5.572
250	-	HIP 100437	Inside the hull	5.572
251	-	HIP 105769	Inside the hull	5.58
252	-	HIP 37441	Inside the hull	5.581
253	16 Lac	HIP 113281	Inside the hull	5.587
254	-	HIP 17460	Inside the hull	5.588
255	PZ And	HIP 10944	Inside the hull	5.59
256	74 Her	HIP 84835	Inside the hull	5.59
257	V1942 Cyg	HIP 108845	Inside the hull	5.596
258	α 1 Canum Venaticorum	HIP 63121	Inside the hull	5.6
259	23 CVn	HIP 65072	Inside the hull	5.6
260	43 Lyn	HIP 47570	Inside the hull	5.61
261	73 Peg	HIP 116355	Inside the hull	5.621
262	-	HIP 97757	Inside the hull	5.63
263	40 Boo	HIP 73369	Inside the hull	5.634
264	-	HIP 63916	Inside the hull	5.637
265	-	HIP 7943	Inside the hull	5.64
266	-	HIP 22545	Inside the hull	5.643
267	PU Aur	HIP 24738	Inside the hull	5.65
268	-	HIP 37023	Inside the hull	5.65
269	-	HIP 21823	Inside the hull	5.652
270	-	HIP 17584	Inside the hull	5.655
271	-	HIP 17932	Inside the hull	5.657
272	2 CVn	HIP 59831	Inside the hull	5.66
273	-	HIP 24109	Inside the hull	5.66
274	-	HIP 102155	Inside the hull	5.664
275	-	HIP 88122	Inside the hull	5.67
276	-	HIP 111544	Inside the hull	5.67
277	-	HIP 22699	Inside the hull	5.675
278	-	HIP 80953	Inside the hull	5.68
279	51 Aur	HIP 31771	Inside the hull	5.69
280	8 Lac A	HIP 111546	Inside the hull	5.69
281	23 And	HIP 1086	Inside the hull	5.69
282	-	HIP 9021	Inside the hull	5.7
283	3 Per	HIP 9222	Inside the hull	5.702
284	36 Aur	HIP 28499	Inside the hull	5.706
285	-	HIP 12072	Inside the hull	5.71
286	-	HIP 36348	Inside the hull	5.71
287	-	HIP 43923	Inside the hull	5.711
288	-	HR 8407	Inside the hull	5.715
289	55 Per	HIP 20579	Inside the hull	5.718
290	M 33	M 33	Inside the hull	5.72
291	-	HIP 50786	Inside the hull	5.72
292	-	HIP 109831	Inside the hull	5.72
293	-	HIP 71568	Inside the hull	5.721
294	-	HIP 113222	Inside the hull	5.725
295	-	HIP 85888	Inside the hull	5.726
296	-	HIP 16168	Inside the hull	5.73
297	-	HIP 37369	Inside the hull	5.73
298	-	HIP 72012	Inside the hull	5.73
299	V388 And	HIP 115755	Inside the hull	5.736
300	-	HIP 35643	Inside the hull	5.739
301	-	HIP 19525	Inside the hull	5.74
302	CO UMa	HIP 54522	Inside the hull	5.74
303	-	HIP 76568	Inside the hull	5.742
304	4 Her	HIP 77986	Inside the hull	5.75
305	33 Lyn	HIP 42090	Inside the hull	5.751
306	Merga	HIP 72487	Inside the hull	5.757
307	-	HIP 18212	Inside the hull	5.76
308	-	HIP 8433	Inside the hull	5.76
309	12 And	HIP 115280	Inside the hull	5.765
310	V2015 Cyg	HIP 101475	Inside the hull	5.769
311	-	HIP 18081	Inside the hull	5.772
312	IW Per	HIP 16591	Inside the hull	5.776
313	19 CVn	HIP 64692	Inside the hull	5.777
314	32 LMi	HIP 51420	Inside the hull	5.784
315	10 And	HIP 115191	Inside the hull	5.789
316	-	HIP 11090	Inside the hull	5.795
317	56 Per	HIP 20591	Inside the hull	5.795
318	-	HIP 15876	Inside the hull	5.8
319	-	HIP 113084	Inside the hull	5.805
320	-	HIP 112590	Inside the hull	5.809
321	-	HIP 81289	Inside the hull	5.814
322	-	HIP 9640B	Inside the hull	5.82
323	-	HIP 16340	Inside the hull	5.82
324	-	HIP 22407	Inside the hull	5.824
325	-	HIP 11840	Inside the hull	5.826
326	-	HIP 52139	Inside the hull	5.83
327	TU CVn	HIP 63024	Inside the hull	5.84
328	-	HIP 97081	Inside the hull	5.84
329	-	HIP 112417	Inside the hull	5.84
330	-	HIP 49893	Inside the hull	5.842
331	-	HIP 95352	Inside the hull	5.853
332	-	HIP 21972	Inside the hull	5.856
333	-	HIP 13339	Inside the hull	5.859
334	-	HIP 99889	Inside the hull	5.864
335	47 Aur	HIP 30972	Inside the hull	5.866
336	-	HIP 9001	Inside the hull	5.867
337	-	HIP 79357	Inside the hull	5.868
338	ψ 9 Aurigae	HIP 33377	Inside the hull	5.87
339	64 Aur	HIP 35341	Inside the hull	5.87
340	V636 Her	HIP 82172	Inside the hull	5.87
341	-	HIP 62641	Inside the hull	5.872
342	-	HIP 65550	Inside the hull	5.873
343	-	HIP 13949	Inside the hull	5.877
344	-	HIP 33415	Inside the hull	5.877
345	-	HIP 67194	Inside the hull	5.877
346	-	HIP 43894	Inside the hull	5.88
347	-	HIP 111259	Inside the hull	5.88
348	-	HIP 54537	Inside the hull	5.89
349	-	HIP 28823	Inside the hull	5.89
350	-	HIP 16518	Inside the hull	5.9
351	-	HIP 12181	Inside the hull	5.9
352	-	HIP 41935	Inside the hull	5.9
353	-	HIP 113174	Inside the hull	5.901
354	-	HIP 25471	Inside the hull	5.905
355	-	HIP 37140	Inside the hull	5.906
356	17 CVn	HIP 64246	Inside the hull	5.91
357	14 Lac	HIP 112778	Inside the hull	5.91
358	-	HIP 15004	Inside the hull	5.913
359	-	HIP 67210	Inside the hull	5.919
360	-	HIP 33421	Inside the hull	5.927
361	-	HIP 8423	Inside the hull	5.929
362	-	HIP 34358	Inside the hull	5.93
363	-	HIP 15669	Inside the hull	5.93
364	-	HIP 98383	Inside the hull	5.933
365	-	HIP 45590	Inside the hull	5.938
366	-	HIP 45661	Inside the hull	5.94
367	-	HR 8708	Inside the hull	5.94
368	-	HIP 112041	Inside the hull	5.94
369	58 UMa	HIP 56148	Inside the hull	5.942
370	-	HIP 44613	Inside the hull	5.95
371	10 CVn	HIP 62207	Inside the hull	5.95
372	-	HIP 43553	Inside the hull	5.956
373	-	HIP 20241	Inside the hull	5.958
374	-	HIP 28562	Inside the hull	5.959
375	AE Aur	HIP 24575	Inside the hull	5.96
376	-	HIP 103371	Inside the hull	5.96
377	-	HIP 21847	Inside the hull	5.96
378	-	HIP 7906	Inside the hull	5.961
379	-	HIP 101986	Inside the hull	5.965
380	-	HIP 15334	Inside the hull	5.967
381	V376 Per	HIP 17846	Inside the hull	5.97
382	5 Aur	HIP 23261	Inside the hull	5.97
383	AN And	HIP 115065	Inside the hull	5.97
384	-	HIP 113048	Inside the hull	5.98
385	-	HIP 43550	Inside the hull	5.984
386	-	HIP 82611	Inside the hull	5.987
387	-	HIP 64212	Inside the hull	5.99
388	-	HIP 45412	Inside the hull	5.99
389	-	HIP 112241	Inside the hull	5.99
390	-	HIP 25816	Inside the hull	5.991
391	V573 Per	HIP 15241	Inside the hull	5.994
392	-	HIP 22220	Inside the hull	6
393	M 36	M 36	Inside the hull	6
394	-	HIP 53726	Inside the hull	6
395	-	HIP 94755	Inside the hull	6
396	-	HIP 41224	Inside the hull	6.001
397	-	HIP 87445	Inside the hull	6.001
398	44 Boo	HIP 73695B	Inside the hull	6.004
399	-	HIP 51200	Inside the hull	6.007
400	-	HIP 50546	Inside the hull	6.01
401	-	HIP 53791	Inside the hull	6.01
402	-	HIP 33044	Inside the hull	6.016
403	51 UMa	HIP 54136	Inside the hull	6.02
404	62 Aur	HIP 33614	Inside the hull	6.021
405	4 CVn	HIP 60467	Inside the hull	6.022
406	-	HIP 111869	Inside the hull	6.023
407	-	HIP 13832	Inside the hull	6.028
408	-	HIP 13713	Inside the hull	6.03
409	-	HIP 53465	Inside the hull	6.034
410	-	HIP 17437	Inside the hull	6.042
411	-	HIP 14365	Inside the hull	6.05
412	-	HIP 92098	Inside the hull	6.051
413	-	HIP 75369	Inside the hull	6.055
414	-	HIP 22842	Inside the hull	6.058
415	-	HIP 41262	Inside the hull	6.059
416	-	HIP 82012	Inside the hull	6.059
417	-	HIP 116030	Inside the hull	6.059
418	-	HIP 15118	Inside the hull	6.06
419	-	HIP 37580	Inside the hull	6.06
420	-	HIP 65951	Inside the hull	6.065
421	59 And A	HIP 10176	Inside the hull	6.07
422	-	HIP 27778	Inside the hull	6.07
423	-	HIP 12160	Inside the hull	6.075
424	60 UMa	HIP 56789	Inside the hull	6.076
425	57 Per	HIP 21242	Inside the hull	6.078
426	-	HIP 22034	Inside the hull	6.08
427	-	HIP 19302	Inside the hull	6.08
428	-	HIP 26363	Inside the hull	6.082
429	-	HIP 22955	Inside the hull	6.089
430	V576 Per	HIP 15988	Inside the hull	6.09
431	* 38 Lyn B	HIP 45688B	Inside the hull	6.09
432	-	HR 8962	Inside the hull	6.09
433	-	HIP 17475	Inside the hull	6.091
434	-	HIP 26315	Inside the hull	6.095
435	59 Aur	HIP 33041	Inside the hull	6.099
436	67 Psc	HIP 4366	Inside the hull	6.1
437	-	HIP 10180	Inside the hull	6.1
438	-	HIP 28677	Inside the hull	6.1
439	-	HIP 111567	Inside the hull	6.105
440	-	HIP 13997	Inside the hull	6.11
441	-	HIP 63211	Inside the hull	6.11
442	AR Lac	HIP 109303	Inside the hull	6.11
443	-	HIP 28908	Inside the hull	6.11
444	26 And	HIP 1501	Inside the hull	6.11
445	-	HIP 23511	Inside the hull	6.111
446	CY Lyn	HIP 43685	Inside the hull	6.129
447	-	HIP 74571	Inside the hull	6.13
448	-	HIP 109033	Inside the hull	6.13
449	-	HIP 89604	Inside the hull	6.13
450	-	HIP 115171	Inside the hull	6.13
451	-	HIP 75770	Inside the hull	6.138
452	-	HIP 14887	Inside the hull	6.139
453	13 LMi	HIP 47631	Inside the hull	6.14
454	-	HIP 75093	Inside the hull	6.14
455	-	HIP 99685	Inside the hull	6.14
456	AR Aur	HIP 24740	Inside the hull	6.144
457	-	HIP 29025	Inside the hull	6.144
458	41 Aur A	HIP 29388	Inside the hull	6.15
459	-	HIP 1302	Inside the hull	6.15
460	-	HIP 25476	Inside the hull	6.151
461	V352 Aur	HIP 33269	Inside the hull	6.151
462	-	HIP 10924	Inside the hull	6.154
463	-	HIP 103532	Inside the hull	6.156
464	-	HIP 25475	Inside the hull	6.158
465	-	HIP 105101	Inside the hull	6.159
466	-	HIP 96805	Inside the hull	6.16
467	-	HIP 116582	Inside the hull	6.16
468	-	HIP 110849	Inside the hull	6.16
469	-	HIP 110566	Inside the hull	6.16
470	-	HIP 82355	Inside the hull	6.165
471	-	HIP 20231	Inside the hull	6.167
472	-	HIP 21038	Inside the hull	6.169
473	NGC 1912 562	NGC 1912 562	Inside the hull	6.17
474	-	HIP 116365	Inside the hull	6.173
475	-	HIP 41798	Inside the hull	6.174
476	-	HIP 110171	Inside the hull	6.179
477	-	HIP 15209	Inside the hull	6.18
478	-	HIP 113371	Inside the hull	6.18
479	9 LMi	HIP 46904	Inside the hull	6.181
480	-	HIP 109121	Inside the hull	6.181
481	-	HIP 34462	Inside the hull	6.185
482	32 Lyn	HIP 41975	Inside the hull	6.186
483	-	HIP 74514	Inside the hull	6.187
484	-	HIP 12287	Inside the hull	6.191
485	V543 Lyr	HIP 93177	Inside the hull	6.192
486	-	HIP 24771	Inside the hull	6.199
487	-	HIP 28438	Inside the hull	6.2
488	-	HIP 44231	Inside the hull	6.2
489	CP Cyg	HIP 106752	Inside the hull	6.2
490	V545 Per	HIP 20063	Inside the hull	6.205
491	-	HIP 42777	Inside the hull	6.205
492	-	HIP 32190	Inside the hull	6.206
493	-	HIP 23799	Inside the hull	6.207
494	-	HIP 106420	Inside the hull	6.209
495	-	HIP 13462	Inside the hull	6.21
496	-	HIP 105034	Inside the hull	6.21
497	-	HIP 114526	Inside the hull	6.21
498	V533 Lyr	HIP 91250	Inside the hull	6.211
499	-	HIP 28861	Inside the hull	6.213
500	-	HIP 16252	Inside the hull	6.217
501	-	HIP 10814	Inside the hull	6.22
502	-	HIP 38723	Inside the hull	6.221
503	-	HIP 12200	Inside the hull	6.226
504	-	HIP 69569	Inside the hull	6.227
505	V423 Per	HIP 15204	Inside the hull	6.229
506	5 Tri	HIP 10220	Inside the hull	6.23
507	-	HIP 91491	Inside the hull	6.23
508	* del Cyg B	* del Cyg B	Inside the hull	6.23
509	V1981 Cyg	HIP 103828	Inside the hull	6.23
510	V1339 Cyg	HIP 107140	Inside the hull	6.23
511	-	HIP 33056	Inside the hull	6.236
512	-	HIP 4317	Inside the hull	6.24
513	-	HIP 115261	Inside the hull	6.24
514	11 CVn	HIP 62516	Inside the hull	6.245
515	-	HIP 96706	Inside the hull	6.245
516	-	HIP 116292	Inside the hull	6.246
517	-	HIP 12982	Inside the hull	6.25
518	-	HIP 12990	Inside the hull	6.25
519	-	HIP 11651	Inside the hull	6.252
520	-	HIP 17732	Inside the hull	6.252
521	25 Lyn	HIP 38623	Inside the hull	6.253
522	-	HIP 39938	Inside the hull	6.255
523	-	HIP 26071	Inside the hull	6.261
524	-	HIP 8930	Inside the hull	6.267
525	-	HIP 68567	Inside the hull	6.269
526	-	HIP 92599	Inside the hull	6.269
527	-	HIP 100016	Inside the hull	6.273
528	-	HIP 111627	Inside the hull	6.275
529	* 65 Psc B	HIP 3885	Inside the hull	6.28
530	-	HIP 12690	Inside the hull	6.28
531	-	HIP 16424	Inside the hull	6.28
532	-	HIP 55936	Inside the hull	6.28
533	15 CVn	HIP 64217	Inside the hull	6.28
534	-	HIP 70517	Inside the hull	6.28
535	-	HIP 12305	Inside the hull	6.287
536	35 LMi	HIP 51914	Inside the hull	6.287
537	-	HIP 66892	Inside the hull	6.289
538	-	HIP 82419	Inside the hull	6.29
539	-	HIP 27319	Inside the hull	6.292
540	-	HIP 78153	Inside the hull	6.297
541	-	HIP 89474	Inside the hull	6.298
542	BD+26 128	BD+26 128	Inside the hull	6.3
543	-	HIP 8086	Inside the hull	6.3
544	-	HIP 34428	Inside the hull	6.3
545	-	HIP 100515	Inside the hull	6.3
546	EE UMa	HIP 56135	Inside the hull	6.302
547	-	HIP 102530	Inside the hull	6.303
548	-	HIP 15191	Inside the hull	6.304
549	-	HIP 19810	Inside the hull	6.308
550	-	HIP 70029	Inside the hull	6.31
551	-	HIP 103949	Inside the hull	6.31
552	-	HIP 41484	Inside the hull	6.31
553	-	HIP 33271	Inside the hull	6.311
554	-	HIP 18565	Inside the hull	6.313
555	-	HIP 115148	Inside the hull	6.315
556	-	HIP 69862	Inside the hull	6.316
557	-	HIP 28820	Inside the hull	6.32
558	-	HIP 35623	Inside the hull	6.32
559	OP Her	HIP 87850	Inside the hull	6.32
560	V377 Lac	HIP 113009	Inside the hull	6.32
561	43 Aur	HIP 29949	Inside the hull	6.323
562	-	HIP 39279	Inside the hull	6.324
563	-	HIP 48861	Inside the hull	6.324
564	-	HIP 60305	Inside the hull	6.325
565	-	HIP 14914	Inside the hull	6.327
566	-	HIP 2583	Inside the hull	6.33
567	-	HIP 86501	Inside the hull	6.33
568	-	HIP 114607	Inside the hull	6.331
569	-	HIP 65230	Inside the hull	6.332
570	V2136 Cyg	HIP 102827	Inside the hull	6.333
571	-	HIP 49870	Inside the hull	6.335
572	-	HIP 62172	Inside the hull	6.335
573	-	HIP 116505	Inside the hull	6.335
574	-	HIP 29114	Inside the hull	6.339
575	-	HIP 21144	Inside the hull	6.34
576	-	HIP 31889	Inside the hull	6.34
577	-	HIP 37091	Inside the hull	6.34
578	-	HIP 54842	Inside the hull	6.34
579	V343 Peg	HIP 114187	Inside the hull	6.34
580	-	HIP 12057	Inside the hull	6.345
581	DT Psc	HIP 5772	Inside the hull	6.347
582	-	HIP 28642	Inside the hull	6.35
583	28 Lyn	HIP 39722	Inside the hull	6.35
584	BX Boo	HIP 73454	Inside the hull	6.351
585	9 CVn	HIP 61692	Inside the hull	6.352
586	-	HIP 89246	Inside the hull	6.352
587	-	HIP 115389	Inside the hull	6.354
588	-	HIP 26463	Inside the hull	6.355
589	-	HIP 83013	Inside the hull	6.355
590	-	HIP 51290	Inside the hull	6.357
591	-	HIP 34168	Inside the hull	6.359
592	-	HIP 10562	Inside the hull	6.36
593	-	HIP 38959	Inside the hull	6.36
594	-	HIP 83816	Inside the hull	6.36
595	-	HIP 87434	Inside the hull	6.36
596	-	HIP 70873	Inside the hull	6.36
597	-	HIP 112032	Inside the hull	6.36
598	-	HIP 32268	Inside the hull	6.369
599	V405 Lac	HIP 110408	Inside the hull	6.369
600	-	HIP 47633	Inside the hull	6.37
601	-	HIP 56410	Inside the hull	6.37
602	-	HIP 66223	Inside the hull	6.37
603	-	HIP 105017	Inside the hull	6.37
604	-	HIP 111753	Inside the hull	6.37
605	-	HIP 88565	Inside the hull	6.374
606	V521 Per	HIP 14544	Inside the hull	6.375
607	-	HIP 69735	Inside the hull	6.376
608	-	HIP 86713	Inside the hull	6.376
609	-	HIP 25810	Inside the hull	6.377
610	-	HIP 114152	Inside the hull	6.379
611	-	HIP 9983	Inside the hull	6.38
612	-	HR 1371	Inside the hull	6.38
613	-	HIP 44331	Inside the hull	6.386
614	-	HIP 79385	Inside the hull	6.388
615	V354 Peg	HIP 116119	Inside the hull	6.388
616	-	HIP 18769	Inside the hull	6.389
617	-	HIP 27777	Inside the hull	6.39
618	-	HIP 36740	Inside the hull	6.39
619	-	HIP 45888	Inside the hull	6.39
620	-	HIP 114725	Inside the hull	6.395
621	-	HIP 15323	Inside the hull	6.399
622	M 38	M 38	Inside the hull	6.4
623	-	HIP 35725	Inside the hull	6.4
624	-	HIP 50509	Inside the hull	6.4
625	-	HIP 25580	Inside the hull	6.4
626	NGC 7243	NGC 7243	Inside the hull	6.4
627	-	HIP 16938	Inside the hull	6.402
628	-	HIP 10830	Inside the hull	6.41
629	KP Per	HIP 16516	Inside the hull	6.41
630	* 60 Aur A	HIP 33064	Inside the hull	6.41
631	-	HIP 36351	Inside the hull	6.41
632	CC Lyn	HIP 36965	Inside the hull	6.41
633	-	HIP 54745	Inside the hull	6.41
634	-	HIP 56170	Inside the hull	6.41
635	V385 And	HIP 115530	Inside the hull	6.41
636	-	HIP 16447	Inside the hull	6.411
637	-	HIP 102585	Inside the hull	6.411
638	LN And	HIP 113802	Inside the hull	6.42
639	V350 Lac	HIP 111072	Inside the hull	6.42
640	-	HIP 112144	Inside the hull	6.421
641	-	HIP 113750	Inside the hull	6.43
642	[AKS95] 151	[AKS95] 151	Inside the hull	6.435
643	-	HIP 13257	Inside the hull	6.44
644	-	HIP 26592	Inside the hull	6.44
645	-	HIP 83593	Inside the hull	6.441
646	-	HIP 112305	Inside the hull	6.441
647	-	HIP 17558	Inside the hull	6.443
648	ψ 8 Aurigae	HIP 33133	Inside the hull	6.443
649	V1773 Cyg	HIP 100142	Inside the hull	6.443
650	-	HIP 13176	Inside the hull	6.448
651	-	HIP 9163	Inside the hull	6.45
652	-	HIP 19746	Inside the hull	6.45
653	Groombridge 1830	HIP 57939	Inside the hull	6.45
654	-	HIP 98253	Inside the hull	6.45
655	-	HIP 101133	Inside the hull	6.45
656	-	HIP 110055	Inside the hull	6.45
657	-	HIP 114981	Inside the hull	6.455
658	-	HIP 110487	Inside the hull	6.457
659	-	HIP 15282	Inside the hull	6.46
660	-	HIP 25301	Inside the hull	6.46
661	-	HIP 103596	Inside the hull	6.465
662	V509 Per	HIP 14264	Inside the hull	6.467
663	-	HIP 13036	Inside the hull	6.47
664	-	HIP 24332	Inside the hull	6.47
665	-	HIP 46879	Inside the hull	6.47
666	29 LMi	HIP 51047	Inside the hull	6.47
667	-	HIP 56809A	Inside the hull	6.47
668	-	HIP 26054	Inside the hull	6.474
669	V1584 Cyg	HIP 100250	Inside the hull	6.478
670	-	HIP 67778	Inside the hull	6.479
671	ET And	HIP 115036	Inside the hull	6.479
672	-	HIP 22003	Inside the hull	6.48
673	6 Aur	HIP 23268	Inside the hull	6.48
674	-	HIP 24881	Inside the hull	6.48
675	-	HIP 32746	Inside the hull	6.48
676	-	HIP 32040	Inside the hull	6.481
677	V771 Her	HIP 88030	Inside the hull	6.481
678	-	HIP 35317	Inside the hull	6.485
679	-	HIP 103871	Inside the hull	6.486
680	-	HR 8549	Inside the hull	6.487
681	18 Aur	HIP 24832	Inside the hull	6.489
682	-	HIP 13275	Inside the hull	6.49
683	-	HIP 16425	Inside the hull	6.49
684	-	HIP 28634	Inside the hull	6.49
685	-	HIP 58119	Inside the hull	6.49
686	-	HIP 61283	Inside the hull	6.49
687	-	HIP 65723	Inside the hull	6.49
688	-	HIP 113603	Inside the hull	6.49
689	-	HIP 109079	Inside the hull	6.494
690	V550 Lyr	HIP 93808	Inside the hull	6.496
691	-	HIP 23724	Inside the hull	6.5
692	-	HIP 33453	Inside the hull	6.5
693	-	HIP 35113	Inside the hull	6.5
694	-	HIP 38349	Inside the hull	6.5
695	-	HIP 38403	Inside the hull	6.5
696	-	HIP 39094	Inside the hull	6.5
697	-	HR 4098	Inside the hull	6.5
698	-	HIP 65135	Inside the hull	6.5
699	-	HIP 114844	Inside the hull	6.5
700	-	HIP 110790	Inside the hull	6.51
701	-	HIP 116613	Inside the hull	6.58
702	-	HIP 58287	Inside the hull	6.59
703	-	HIP 44728	Inside the hull	6.6
704	-	HIP 79248	Inside the hull	6.61
705	-	HIP 58708	Inside the hull	6.63
706	-	HIP 50505	Inside the hull	6.65
707	-	HIP 56145	Inside the hull	6.66
708	-	HIP 75107	Inside the hull	6.74
709	-	HIP 32275	Inside the hull	6.91
710	-	HIP 90720	Inside the hull	6.99

Ancient Globes

• 
  Andromeda on the Kugel Globe, -2nd or -1st c BCE (drawing Susanne M Hoffmann, see: Hoffmann (2025), Some Results on the Ancient Globes, Globe Studies – The Journal of the International Coronelli Society, 69, 4169.)
• 
  Andromeda on the Farnese Globe, 2nd century CE (drawing by SMH)
• 
  Globus Farnese group of Andromeda, Pisces, Aquarius mapped to Stellarium (SMH 2023, cf. Hoffmann (2025), Some Results on the Ancient Globes, Globe Studies – The Journal of the International Coronelli Society, 69, 4169.)
• 
  Andromeda on the Mainz Globe, 2nd century CE, drawn by Susanne M Hoffmann

Ancient Background: Princess of Ethiopia?

In ancient legends, Andromeda is described as the princess of Ethiopia without the location of this country being specified. The place of her sacrification, Andromeda's Rock, is at the coast of Tel Aviv (modern Israel) which is in contrast to the location of the modern country of Ethiopia in Africa. It lies east of southern Egypt (today’s Sudan) on the Red Sea. Although the ancient geographer Strabo also places Ethiopia in Africa, the Greek name of the ethnic group of the Αἰθίοψ (aithiops), “those with burned faces”, means the same as “dark-skinned person”. Ethiopia (Αἰθιοπία) is thus “the land of the dark-skinned” and, according to the Hellenistic worldview, this could be anything between India and Sudan. Strabo dates to Roman times (1st century BCE), so it is worth looking at archaeological historical research.

The Egyptian empire had previously (from c. 1550 BCE for about 4 centuries) not only encompassed the Sinai Peninsula, but also temporarily reached into the region of southwest Asia that is now Israel and Lebanon. The Jewish story of the Exodus (liberation from slavery by flight from Egypt, which is said to have taken place between 1200 and 1000 BCE) thus reports of exchanges (of people and culture) between Egypt and this fertile (flourishing) land. This is confirmed by historical research. Exchanges with the more eastern empires of Babylon and Assur can also be attested long before. Several generations of Egyptian pharaohs actually came from the area around Carthum (Sudan) in the 8th century BCE, the so-called “Black Pharaohs” and relations & exchanges between the milky coffee-coloured Berbers in the North African coastal region and the Blacks further south were of course always present – long before (in the 4th century BCE) light-skinned Macedonians conquered the land from Anatolia via the Levant to Egypt and called it “Greek”.

Leaving aside ancient Greek racism and “whitewashing” when Hellenism and Rome imagined that all peoples (even in Black Africa) were ruled by whites, all these changing state boundaries, rulers and migrations of peoples say nothing about the geographical location of the ethnic group of the Αἰθίοψ (aithiops).

Location according to ancient scholars

Herodotus (Greek historian, 5th century BCE) likes to play with words. For him Perseus is the progenitor of the Persians and Andromeda therefore also their progenitor [Hdt. 1:7]:

• When Perseus, the son of Danae and Zeus, came to Cepheus, the son of Belus, and married his daughter Andromeda, a son was born to him, whom he called Perses, and he left him there; for Cepheus had no male offspring; from this Perses the Persians have their name.

Herodotus was from what was then Persia, a place called Ἁλικαρνᾱσσός (Halikarnāssós, modern Bodrum in Turkey), which further places this pun in the realm of popular legends common at the time. One would thus conjecture that Cepheus and his grandson Perses ruled over a land located in present-day Turkey on the Mediterranean Sea.

Such folk etymologies are quite common in antiquity. However, no one seriously knows where the proper names used in this myth come from. Does the name “Andromeda” perhaps contain the verb δρομάς (to walk, to run), from which the name of the animal “dromedary” also derives – or the verb ἀνδρόω (to become a man)? What do the names “Cepheus” and “Cassiopeia” mean? No one knows.

Therefore, the linking of Perses and his father Perseus with the Persians seems to be rather invented after the fact.

References to Andromeda's Rock

Andromeda's Rock in front of the skyline of modern Tel Aviv (Susanne M Hoffmann 2023).

Two historical reports are known in which the rock to which Andromeda was chained is geographically located: the geographer Strabo in the 1st century BCE and the Jewish-Roman chronicler Flavius Josephus in the 1st century CE both name Joppa (=Jaffa = historical old city of Tel Aviv), i.e. also the Mediterranean coast, but clearly south of Bodrum (Turkey).

Strabo (-1st century)

Strabo’s indication here is strange to misleading [Strabo, Geography, 2:16.2]:

[enumeration of cities.] Then Joppa, where the coast of Egypt, extending at first eastward, makes a notable bend to the north. According to some writers, Andromeda was exposed to the sea monster at this place. It is high enough and is said to offer a view of Jerusalem, the capital of the Jews….

Joppa and the coastal strip south of it (including Ashkalon and Gaza) actually belonged to Egypt at the time, but I doubt you can see Jerusalem from there because 1) Jerusalem is 750 m higher than Tel Aviv and 2) there is a mountain in between. Nevertheless, the proximity of Jaffa and Jerusalem is remarkable when one looks at the legend of Andromeda, because – like the most famous of all Jewish prophets, who was later executed by Romans in Jerusalem – Andromeda is also guiltlessly sacrificed by her people for the sins of others (esp. her mother). This kind of belief in a human redeemer from the sins (of the people) is thus demonstrably not uncommon in this geographical area.

Josephus Flavius (+1st century)

Old Jaffa seen from above (Susanne M Hoffmann 2023).

Josephus is a Jew who at first wanted to defend Jerusalem, but later joined the Roman conquerors and therefore took the name of the emperor Flavius. After going to Rome, he wrote a chronicle of the Jewish-Roman war (in which the famous Second Jerusalem Temple was destroyed). So Josephus, writing after 70 CE, will have reported that he still saw the chains of Andromeda on the rock (or at least remains of them), [Flavius Josephus 1:3.419]:

Joppa, however, is not by nature a harbour, for it ends on a rough shore, while everything else is straight, but the two ends bend towards each other, where there are deep chasms and great stones jutting into the sea, and where the chains with which Andromeda was bound have left their traces, which bear witness to the antiquity of this fable.

However, he also tells of “deep chasms and great stones” and this is indeed the image on the coast of the historic old city of Tel Aviv.

The Andromeda Rock, photographed here seaward against the skyline of the modern district (Tel Aviv, Bauhaus style), is marked with an Israeli flag. This modern city was built after the world wars and borders directly north on the historic old city (Joppa=Jaffa), so that the official name of the metropolis is now Tel Aviv-Jaffa. First the Philistine people settled there, later the area was conquered by the Egyptians and still later by the Romans.

For those who do not believe what Josephus describes from the above photos or with the knowledge of the tourist beach promenade of Tel Aviv, this aerial photo (which I took with my mobile phone when I left) may seem a more credible proof: there are really no large rocks far and wide on the coast of today’s Tel Aviv, but plenty of “menhirs in the water”, if one may say so somewhat casually.

So if Andromeda was chained to a rock here, it certainly didn’t look like she was depicted in early modern paintings (screenshot from wikipedia below) with her arms raised upwards, because there would have been no rock for that – apart from the fact that ancient depictions don’t show her naked, but always clothed (vases: heroes naked, ladies clothed, ancient celestial globes).

None of the rocks is taller than a human being. Possible would be a pose as painted by Guido Reni in the 17th century or as erotically draped in sculptural art by Daniel Chester French in 1931. In any case, the Andromeda saga is virtually the ancient version of Fifty Shades of Grey.

No surprise that the story and depiction of Andromeda has been controversial for centuries! It is sexist, frivolous, depicts clear patriarchal gender roles, is suspected of ancient racism, which would be called “whitewashing” in modern times… Indeed: the skin colour of Andromeda has also long been the subject of controversy: Ovid (living in Roman times and restaging many ancient sagas by combining narrative strands from different cultures of the empire) describes her sometimes marble-coloured and sometimes dark-skinned, while images on Greek vases show a fair-skinned figure at all times (since 600 BCE). The wikipedia reports on this in detail.

When did the story take place (if at all)?

No one is able to prove the historicity of this story, but Ernst Künzl pointed out in an article on the origin of the star sagas that all “Greek” constellation sagas take place in the time before the Trojan War. Earliest Greek-language texts are attributed to an author named Homer, of whom it is not known whether it was really just one person (or denotes a group), because the word “homer” actually means exactly “host”, so it can also denote one or more person(s) from another culture (e.g. Babylonian) who wrote in Greek. This person or group of people is dated to about 800 (give or take centuries) BCE.

Ancient historians tried to date the legendary Trojan War already in classical times and got dates before 1000 BCE, maybe 1200 BCE…. but these dates were derived half a millennium to a millennium later. If they are right, that would be exactly the time in which the exodus of the Israelites from Egypt guided by Moses is supposed to have taken place – with an equally vague dating.

The Andromeda story would therefore have to have taken place (if at all) when this land had not yet been settled by the Israelites or at the latest at the time of their arrival. All sources in the form of images and writing date many centuries later and could already paint the picture mythically transfigured (not truthfully).

So where does Andromeda come from?

… from Africa (today’s Eritrea/Ethiopia), from the (today’s) Turkish coast or from the (today’s) Israeli coast? The answer is probably not clear. The tendency is probably more from West Asia than Africa.

The beliefs (of patriarchal societies in nomadic peoples, the equal worship of 4 matriarchs and 3 patriarchs in the Jewish faith, the innocent human sacrifice for the redemption of sins in the Christian etc.) are present in this region and also the story of the sea monster Ketos seems to originate rather from there, i.e. here too (AFAIK) literary research sees the origin in various source stories in the eastern Mediterranean region: the myth of Heracles and Hesione is said to have come from Anatolia, whereby Heracles rescues the princess Hesione but (in most variants) does not marry her (but gives her to a follower as a bride or enslaves her). From the Levant there is the above-mentioned erotic Andromeda story, from which the “Persians” in Anatolia are said to have descended. Both deal with a sea monster and a lady who (as an idle figure) is saved from it by a hero.

However, the constellation of Andromeda is also located at the place where the Babylonian goddess of erotic love has her constellation. Therefore, the suspicion is that the Greek figure of Andromeda is a syncretism: a fusion of (i) the Babylonian erotic goddess (possibly mixed with the “goddess of Ashkelon”, who was also a love goddess), (ii) the sex idol from the Levant who was sacrificed for the sins of her mother and (iii) Hesione from Anatolia, who was sacrificed by her father for his sins.

Transfer and Transformation of the constellation

transformation of the constellation in the Andromeda-region from Babylonian "Anunitu" through Syriac deities to the Greek mythological princess (by Susanne M Hoffmann 2016)

The Greek legend of a princess sacrificed to a sea monster is know from two places: 1) Troy where the hero Hercules rescued the Troyan princess Hesione who was offered to the seamonster by her father, and 2) Jaffa (other spellings: Japho, Joppa, Yāfō and Yāfā) where the hero Perseus rescued the princess Andromeda. Hesione should pay for the sins of her father, Andromeda for those of her mother and both are considered to rescue their people with it. The kingdom in Anatolia where the Hesione myth stems from is said to have been established by Perseus which may imply a connection between the two tales.

In Babylonian time, the western part of the constellation was named "Anunītu" which is a by-name of the goddess of love and war, Ishtar. She was depicted next to her lover, the god of shepherds, Dumuzi, represented by the constellation of the Hired Man (Akkadian: Agru, ^{mul lú}ḪUN.GÁ) as reported in MUL.APIN I i 42-43. Ishtar's attribute animal is the lion as they represent her on the famous city gate of Babylon, the Ishtar Gate (now: Vorderasiatisches Museum, Berlin).

Goddess of Ashkelon

In Ashkelon (40 km south of Tel Aviv), a special syncretism was worshipped: the Babylonian goddess of love was merged with the Egyptian goddess of love. The goddess of Ashkelon was strongly connected with fish as her attribute animal. Fish were holy for her and she is even occasionally depicted with a fish-tail. Thus, the northern one of the two fish of modern Pisces, was originally meant as an attribut of the goddess.

The Greek mythology of Andromeda originates from the area of Tel Aviv where a rock in the water used to be called "Andromeda's Rock" since at least Greco-Roman time. The story, of course, is much older, predates the written sources and similar mythologies existed in other areas (such as Troy, Anatolia, modern-day Turkey).

• 
  Andromeda with one of the fish of Pisces next to her. Engraving of the Farnese globe by Louis-Philippe Boitard (fl. 1733–58).
• 
  Andromeda drawing on the Farnese Globe with a fish (unconnected to the other in Pisces) as her attribute, mapped to Stellarium. When her head is at α And, her right arm cannot be placed at ι, κ, λ And but needs to be placed further east (CC BY Susanne M Hoffmann 2021).
• 
  Goddess of Ashkelon with a fish tail; coin ~100 BCE.
• 
  The Indigenous Arabian constellations of The Horse and The Camel next to the adopted Syrian constellation of the Love Goddess with a Fish (Andromeda) in an al-Sufi manuscript dating AH 519/ 1125 CE, copied by 'Ali bin 'Abd al-Jalil bin 'Ali bin Muhammad. Islamic Arts Biennale 2025 exhibition: of al-Faras al-Kamil and al-Naqa. (Museum of Islamic Art in Doha, Qatar. MS.2.1998), study by Emilie Savage-Smith (2013).
• 
  Detail from "Kitāb Ṣuwar al-kawākib al-thābitah", Bodleian Library MS. Huntington 212, from Mosul 1170, digitalisation . Clearly visible that the lady (goddess/ Andromeda) rides on the fish.
• 
  Andromeda with a fish next to her in a 15th century copy of as-Sufi's Book of Fixed Stars (Forschungsbibliothek Gotha).

Other deities

Herodotus (Historia, I, 105) mentions that the cult of Ashkelon came through Cyprus to Greece; the temple in Ashkelon is the oldest one, he says, and equals the Greek "Celestial Aphrodite" (Aphrodite Urania) with her. The goddess of Ashkelon is a love goddess who is a syncretism of the Egyptian Isis, Phoenician and Babylonian goddess. "Aphrodite Urania" got a temple in "the gardens" (ἐν κήποις) in Athens.

Strabo (XVI,4,27) identifies Aphrodite Urania (Ἀφροδίτη Οὐρανία) with Atargatis, the Dea Syria with the most important temple in Bambyke (close to modern Aleppo).

The Roman poet Ovid reports a story of the goddess of love, Aphrodite, escaping from the Giants with her son, Eros. When they arrived at the Euphrates, they jumped into the water and were rescued by two fish.

Ovid also reports a story of the birth of Aphrodite/ Venus from a huge egg that was rolled out of the Euphrates river by a fish. This creation myth of the goddess (invented in Roman time) contradicts the classical Greek creation myth where Aphrodite is born from the foam of the sea. This traditional narrative gave her the name because Ἀφροδίτη derives from ἀφρός, aphrós, foam.

Result: Dea Syria is identified with

• Atargatis, a goddess of love and fertility from Bambyke,
• Derketo, a goddess of love and the sea from Ashkelon,
• Aphrodite Urania, a love goddess, worshipped in Cyprus and Athens
• Tarantha, a variant of Atargatis worshipped in Edessa

• Sanctuary of Aphrodite Urania, Athens
  Sanctuary of Aphrodite Urania, Athens
• Altar of Aphrodite Urania, Athenia Agora, current state
  Altar of Aphrodite Urania, Athenia Agora, current state
• Terracotta ladder, symbol of Aphrodite Ourania, goddess of marriage, 6th century BC. Acropolis Museum, Athens (phot o by Catlemur).
  Terracotta ladder, symbol of Aphrodite Ourania, goddess of marriage, 6th century BC. Acropolis Museum, Athens (phot o by Catlemur).
• Slab with a procession of Erotes who hold oinochoai and incense burners. Sanctuary of the Aphrodite Urania, probably from the precinct of sanctuary, 2nd century BC. Acropolis Museum Athens, NAM 1451 (photo by Zde on wikicommons)
  Slab with a procession of Erotes who hold oinochoai and incense burners. Sanctuary of the Aphrodite Urania, probably from the precinct of sanctuary, 2nd century BC. Acropolis Museum Athens, NAM 1451 (photo by Zde on wikicommons)
• Relief of Atargatis and Hadad (ca. 100–256 CE)
  Relief of Atargatis and Hadad (ca. 100–256 CE)
• Statue of Atargatis, Amman
  Statue of Atargatis, Amman
• SYRIA, Cyrrhestica. Bambyce. Abdahad. Circa 342-331 BC. AR Didrachm (6.72 g, 12h). "Atarateh" in Aramaic, draped bust of Atargatis left, wearing turreted crown; crescent and circle behind / “Abdahad” in Aramaic, Great King and driver, who hold reins, in quadriga of mules left. Mildenberg, Note 12 (this coin); Seyrig, Hieropolis pl. 1, 2; Price, More 14-15; BMC -; SNG Copenhagen -; SNG München -. EF, toned, test cut on reverse. Very rare. (342-335 BCE)
  SYRIA, Cyrrhestica. Bambyce. Abdahad. Circa 342-331 BC. AR Didrachm (6.72 g, 12h). "Atarateh" in Aramaic, draped bust of Atargatis left, wearing turreted crown; crescent and circle behind / “Abdahad” in Aramaic, Great King and driver, who hold reins, in quadriga of mules left. Mildenberg, Note 12 (this coin); Seyrig, Hieropolis pl. 1, 2; Price, More 14-15; BMC -; SNG Copenhagen -; SNG München -. EF, toned, test cut on reverse. Very rare. (342-335 BCE)
• An ancient Sumerian depiction of the marriage of Inanna and Dumuzid
  An ancient Sumerian depiction of the marriage of Inanna and Dumuzid
• Ishtar holding her symbol. Terracotta relief, early 2nd millennium BC. From Eshnunna (2004-1595 BCE).
  Ishtar holding her symbol. Terracotta relief, early 2nd millennium BC. From Eshnunna (2004-1595 BCE).
• Ancient Akkadian Cylindrical Seal Depicting Inanna/ Ishtar and Ninshubur
  Ancient Akkadian Cylindrical Seal Depicting Inanna/ Ishtar and Ninshubur
• A Mesopotamian goddess whose iconography may look "chained" to foreigners, either Innana/ Ishtar or Ereshkigal (probably the latter because of the owls).
  A Mesopotamian goddess whose iconography may look "chained" to foreigners, either Innana/ Ishtar or Ereshkigal (probably the latter because of the owls).
• Venus Urania at the ceiling painting above the grand staircase in the Oldenburg Augusteum (1877/8)
  Venus Urania at the ceiling painting above the grand staircase in the Oldenburg Augusteum (1877/8)

Almagest Andromeda in Stellarium, drawn and labelled in Stellarium (Alina Schmidt, Lea Jabschinski, Marie von Seggern and Susanne M. Hoffmann 2021)

Medieval and Early Modern Variants

...

Dürer

...

Bayer's Uranometria 1603

Bayer's Star Catalogue follows Ptolemy but lists only 22 stars.

Andromeda Star Catalog in the Uranometria (1603).

		Bayer	translation
	α	Caput Andromedae ỏ ĸοινὸς ἵπω. καὶ ἀνδρομέδασ ἀςὴζ. Hyginus: Eademenim stella & umbilicus Pegasi, et Andromedae caput appellatur.	The head of Andromeda... Hyginus: this star is called the navel of Pegasus and the head of Andromeda.
	β	Ptolemaeo ἐν τῷ περι ζώμα.ι Australior, Arabibus Mirach, rectius Mizar, latinis Ventrale, plurimis cingulum dicitur.	Towards noon, called by the Arabs Mirach, or more correct Mizar, the Latins call it Ventrale, most people call it Cingulum.
	γ	In Australi pede lucida, Alamak, seu Almaak, perperam Alhames.	The bright one in the Southern foot, Alamak, or Almaak, but not correctly Alhames.
	δ	In eductione brachij sinistri Borealior, aliis in scapulâ dextrâ.
	ε	Australior	The southern one
	ζ	In eiusdem προπηχίῳ.	In the same...
	η	In cubito	In the ellbow.
	θ	Εν τῷ προπηχίῳ dextro, trium Borealior,
	ι	In summâ manu dextrâ, trium Australior, quibusdam in extremitate spatulae, Ptole. ἐν ἄκρῳ τῆς χειρὸς.	At the joint of the right hand, the southern one of the three, the one at the very extremity..., Ptole. "in the high hand"
	κ	Media.	The middle one.
	λ	Borealior	The northern one
	μ	ἐν τῷ περι ζώμα.ι Borealior.
	ν	Sequens in cathenâ	The one that follows the chains.
	ξ	Ad suram pedis Borealis, superior.
	ο	In Cathenae annulo, nonnullis tres in dextrâ manu antecedens. Nonnusin Andro. lib: 25. Εισέ.ι δεσμὸν ἔχω καὶ ἐν ἀςζάσιν: vincula me in caelo retinent quoque.
	π	Pectus τὸς ῆθος, ςέρνον Andromedae, Elecile tereballe, tabularum auctoribus in scapulis, Ptole. ἐν τῷ μεταφρένῳ.
	ρ	Εν τῷ προρηχίῳ dextro trium media.
	σ	Australior.
	τ	In femore Australi
	υ	in genu.
	φ	in femore dexto, seu Boreali
	χ	Ad suram pedis Borealis, inferior
	ψ	In dextrae manus pollice.
	ω	Surae Borealis media.
	A	in tibiâ.
	b	Εν τῷ σύρμα.ι περιποδίῳ Astrologis Adhil.
	c	In pedis plantâ Septentrionalis

Medieval and Early Modern Maps

• Andromeda in the Leiden Aratea (c. 830)
  Andromeda in the Leiden Aratea (c. 830)
• F19.v. Andromeda NLW MS 735C (dated 1150). The oldest scientific manuscript in the National Library the volume contains various Latin texts on astronomy. The volume, written in Caroline minuscule, consists of two sections, the first (ff. 1-26) copied c. 1000, in the Limoges area of France, probably in the milieu of Adémar de Chabannes (989-1034), whilst the second (ff. 27-50), from a scriptorium in the same region, may be dated c. 1150.
  F19.v. Andromeda NLW MS 735C (dated 1150). The oldest scientific manuscript in the National Library the volume contains various Latin texts on astronomy. The volume, written in Caroline minuscule, consists of two sections, the first (ff. 1-26) copied c. 1000, in the Limoges area of France, probably in the milieu of Adémar de Chabannes (989-1034), whilst the second (ff. 27-50), from a scriptorium in the same region, may be dated c. 1150.
• Andromeda on the Mercator Globe (1551)
  Andromeda on the Mercator Globe (1551)
• 
  Andromeda in Uranographia (1603).
• Andromeda in Hevelius (1690)
  Andromeda in Hevelius (1690)
• Andromeda in Bode (1801) http://raremaps.com/gallery/detail/73725/iv-cassiopeia-perseus-andromeda-coelum-stellatum-bode
  Andromeda in Bode (1801) http://raremaps.com/gallery/detail/73725/iv-cassiopeia-perseus-andromeda-coelum-stellatum-bode
• Andromeda in Alexander Jamieson (1822)
  Andromeda in Alexander Jamieson (1822)
• Sidney Hall (1825), Urania's Mirror. Constellations Gloria Frederici, Andromeda, and Triangula.
  Sidney Hall (1825), Urania's Mirror. Constellations Gloria Frederici, Andromeda, and Triangula.
• 
  Andromeda in Carlos Simon's 1894 atlas

All HIP Stars within this constellation

Inside the ancient constellations (Ptolemy's Almagest: convex hulls)

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Inside the modern constellation (IAU Boundaries)

HIP 4463,HIP 3693,HIP 677,HIP 113726,HIP 116584,HIP 7607,HIP 9640,HIP 116292,HIP 117221,HIP 116849,HIP 116584,HIP 116941,HIP 117963,HIP 118214,HIP 118004,HIP 118224,HIP 116579,HIP 116667,HIP 116761,HIP 117426,HIP 117000,HIP 117503,HIP 118177,HIP 116030,HIP 116365,HIP 116360,HIP 116781,HIP 117844,HIP 118230,HIP 115530,HIP 115567,HIP 115667,HIP 116267,HIP 116354,HIP 116847,HIP 116882,HIP 117769,HIP 114604,HIP 115065,HIP 115261,HIP 115191,HIP 115755,HIP 116127,HIP 116312,HIP 116259,HIP 116582,HIP 116626,HIP 116631,HIP 116657,HIP 116805,HIP 116940,HIP 117129,HIP 117672,HIP 118071,HIP 767,HIP 841,HIP 63,HIP 424,HIP 1346,HIP 1456,HIP 1642,HIP 1026,HIP 3414,HIP 3638,HIP 3365,HIP 3045,HIP 3919,HIP 3854,HIP 3604,HIP 4317,HIP 4288,HIP 2565,HIP 2865,HIP 3331,HIP 3070,HIP 4366,HIP 3719,HIP 3946,HIP 4235,HIP 1477,HIP 1799,HIP 2583,HIP 2355,HIP 3031,HIP 3885,HIP 4197,HIP 3830,HIP 3914,HIP 4329,HIP 858,HIP 619,HIP 652,HIP 659,HIP 1630,HIP 1123,HIP 1657,HIP 1208,HIP 1493,HIP 1952,HIP 2243,HIP 3092,HIP 4159,HIP 3617,HIP 4246,HIP 4005,HIP 432,HIP 394,HIP 1769,HIP 2241,HIP 2475,HIP 2539,HIP 2912,HIP 3438,HIP 2942,HIP 3897,HIP 4390,HIP 4058,HIP 3,HIP 19,HIP 1333,HIP 1030,HIP 1366,HIP 1686,HIP 1715,HIP 1579,HIP 1473,HIP 1809,HIP 2576,HIP 2270,HIP 2851,HIP 2753,HIP 4129,HIP 3981,HIP 4185,HIP 4436,HIP 365,HIP 525,HIP 714,HIP 508,HIP 626,HIP 1164,HIP 1575,HIP 2948,HIP 3293,HIP 3231,HIP 3494,HIP 3840,HIP 3881,HIP 4017,HIP 4127,HIP 137,HIP 119,HIP 254,HIP 1009,HIP 1011,HIP 1093,HIP 1474,HIP 1496,HIP 1233,HIP 1302,HIP 1501,HIP 1818,HIP 1905,HIP 2225,HIP 2455,HIP 2553,HIP 2900,HIP 4411,HIP 4501,HIP 4555,HIP 4771,HIP 4675,HIP 5551,HIP 5993,HIP 6162,HIP 6411,HIP 6481,HIP 6047,HIP 5650,HIP 6682,HIP 6858,HIP 6401,HIP 6711,HIP 6733,HIP 6813,HIP 6259,HIP 6560,HIP 4584,HIP 4688,HIP 5434,HIP 5939,HIP 5677,HIP 4983,HIP 6999,HIP 6087,HIP 7457,HIP 4893,HIP 4809,HIP 4608,HIP 4510,HIP 4517,HIP 5034,HIP 4868,HIP 5339,HIP 5772,HIP 4889,HIP 5175,HIP 5717,HIP 5671,HIP 5544,HIP 6025,HIP 5586,HIP 5679,HIP 4552,HIP 4990,HIP 5055,HIP 5465,HIP 5765,HIP 5694,HIP 5936,HIP 4710,HIP 5270,HIP 5447,HIP 5550,HIP 6140,HIP 6568,HIP 6480,HIP 6925,HIP 7201,HIP 7147,HIP 7289,HIP 7344,HIP 4542,HIP 5045,HIP 5002,HIP 6010,HIP 6514,HIP 7321,HIP 7095,HIP 4903,HIP 5269,HIP 5298,HIP 5493,HIP 5944,HIP 6118,HIP 6823,HIP 6241,HIP 6709,HIP 6878,HIP 6794,HIP 7444,HIP 7513,HIP 5276,HIP 7719,HIP 7825,HIP 7944,HIP 7918,HIP 9640,HIP 9158,HIP 9045,HIP 7651,HIP 8127,HIP 8370,HIP 8044,HIP 7700,HIP 7994,HIP 8123,HIP 7793,HIP 7767,HIP 7775,HIP 7818,HIP 7991,HIP 8814,HIP 8902,HIP 8922

References

• Ian Ridpath, Star Tales, Online edition
• Strabo, Geography (1st century)
• Josephus Flavius, Bellum Judaicum (1st century)