Centaurus

Authors: Susanne M Hoffmann, Youla Azkarrula, Doris Vickers, IanRidpath

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IAU star chart (CC By: IAU and Sky & Telescope magazine, Roger Sinnott & Rick Fienberg)

One of the 88 IAU constellations. The ancient Greek constellation of the Centaur forms a super-constellation with Lupus and Ara. It is unknown whether or not Centaurus had a Babylonian predecessor: The Mesopotamian uranologies in this area mention a god (Numushda) whose appearance and exact location in the sky are not preserved, and the constellation UR.IDIM which is commonly translated as "Mad Dog" (or rabid dog) but also associated with a benevolent door keeper daemon who is a lion-man. Such a lion-man may possibly be depicted in seal imprints and mythologically named Urmahlullu.

Etymology and History

The Greek constellation is possibly derived from a Babylonian one. There were several centaur-like creatures and other mixed man-animal beings in Mesopotamian culture; seal imprints and reliefs witness them.

Kugel Globe: Centaurus sacrifices Lupus on Ara (drawing by SMH 2024).

Kugel Globe: two centaurs in Cen and Sgr with Lup+Ara in between (drawing by SMH 2024).

Origin of Constellation

Greco-Roman

Aratos

[400] This cluster as a whole men call The Water. But others low beneath the forefeet of the Archer (Centaur) [Centaurus], a tuned in a circled ring, go wheeling round the sky.

[436] The constellation of Centaur [Centaurus] thou wilt find beneath two others. For part in human form lies beneath Scorpio, but the rest, a horse’s trunk and tail, are beneath the Claws. He ever seems to stretch his right hand towards the round Altar, but though his hand is drawn and firmly grasped another sign – the Beast [Fera], for so men of old have named it.

[660?] So she is borne towards the West, but other signs in the East the vault of heaven brings from below, the remaining half of the Crown and the tail of the Hydra, and uplifts the body and head of the Centaur and the Beast that the Centaur holds in his right hand. But the fore-feet of the Centaur-Knight await the rising of the Bow.

[694] But opposite the Horse starry Night draws the Centaur, tail-first, beneath the horizon, but cannot yet engulf his head and his broad shoulders, breast and all. (Kidd 1997)

Hipparchus

Rising (Lib II Cap V §10)

The Rising of ...

	east		south
	lam1	lam2	lam1	lam2
	Lib 10	Sgr 4	Cnc 12	Vir 16 1/2
star	in the left shoulder (iota)	the rear of the front feet (alf)
duration	4 1/3 hours = 260 min = 65 degree

Setting (Lib II Cap VI §10)

	west		south
	lam1	lam2	lam1	lam2
star
duration	2 2/3 hours = 160 min = 40°

Stars Mentioned

	Greek	German	English	ident.	src		lam_culm
					Lib II Cap V §10	rising, east, first
					Lib II Cap V §10	rising, east, last
					Lib II Cap VI §2	setting CrB, south, last	Psc 13.5
					Lib II Cap VI §13	setting Aql, south, first	Ari 2
					Lib III Cap I §9	rising Ori, south, last	Psc 13

Hyginus, Astronomica

He is said to be Chiron, son of Saturn and Philyra, who surpassed not only the other Centaurs but also men in justice, and is thought to have reared Aesculapius and Achilles. By his conscientiousness and diligence, therefore, he won inclusion among the stars.

When Hercules was once visiting Chiron, and while sitting with him was examining his arrows, one of them is said to have fallen on the foot of Chiron, and thus brought about his death. Others say that when the Centaur wondered at his being able to kill such huge creatures as Centaurs with such slight arrows, he himself tried to draw the bow, and the arrow, slipping from his hand, fell on his foot. For this reason Jupiter, pitying him, put him among the constellations with a victim which he seems to hold above the altar for sacrifice.

Others have said that he is Pholus the Centaurus, who was more skilled in augury that the rest. Consequently, by the will of Jove, he was represented coming to the altar with a victim. (Mary Ward 1960)

Almagest Κένταυρος

id	Greek (Heiberg 1898)	English (Toomer 1984)	ident.
	Κευταύρου ἀστερισμός
1	τῶν ἐν τῇ κεφαλῇ δ ὁ φοτιώτατος.	The southernmost of the 4 stars in the head	2 Cen
2	ὁ βορειότατος αὐτῶν	The northernmost of them	4 Cen
3	τῶν λοιπῶν καὶ μέσων β ὁ ἠγούμενος	The more advanced of the other, middle 2	1 Cen
4	ὁ ἐπόμενος αὐτῶν καὶ λοιπὸς τῶν δ	The rearmost of these, the last of the 4	3 Cen
5	ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἀριστεροῦ καὶ ἠγουμένου ὅμου	The star on the left, advanced shoulder	iot Cen
6	ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ δεξιοῦ ὅμου	The star on the right shoulder	tet Cen
7	ὁ ἐπὶ τῆς ἀριστερᾶς ὡμοπλάτης.	The star on the left shoulder-blade	HR 5089
8	τῶν ἐν τῷ θύρσῳ ὁ τῶν ἠγουμένωυ β’ ὁ βορειότερος.	The 4 stars in the thyrsus: the northcrnmost of thc advance 2	psi Cen
9	ὁ σοτιώτερορ αὐτῶ	The 4 stars in the thyrsus: the southernmost of these	HR 5378
10	τῶν λοιπῶν β ὁ ἐπ’ ἄκρου τοῦ θύρσου	The 4 stars in the thyrsus: that one of the other two which is at the tip of the thyrsus	HR 5485+5489
11	ὁ λοιπὸς καὶ τούτου νοτιώτερος	The 4 stars in the thyrsus: the last one, south of the latter	HR 5471
12	τῶν ἐν τῷ δεξιῷ πλευρῷ ἡ ὁ ἠρούμενος	The most advanced of the 3 stars in the right side	nu Cen
13	ὁ μέσος αὐτῶν	Tbe middle one	mu Cen
14	ὁ ἐπόμενος τῶν τριῶν	The rearmost of the three	phi Cen
15	ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ δεξιοῦ βραχίουος	The star on the right upper arm	chi Cen
16	ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ δεξιοῦ πήχεως	The star on the right forearm	eta Cen
17	ὁ ἐν ἄκρᾳ τῇ δεξιᾷ χειρύ	The star in the right hand	kap Cen
18	ὁ ἐν τῇ ἐκφύσει τοῦ ἀνθρωπείου σώματος λαμπρός	The bright star in the place where the human body joins [the horse's]	zet Cen
19	τῶν βορειοτέρωυ αὐτοῦ β’ ἀμαυρῶν ὁ ἑπόμενος	The rearmost of the 2 faint stars to the north of this	ups2 Cen
20	ὁ προηγούμενος αὐτῶν	The more advanced of them	ups1 Cen
21	ὁ ἐπὶ τῆς τοῦ νώτου ἐκφύσεως	The star on the place where the back joins [the horse's body]	omega Cen
22	ὁ τούτου προηγούμενος ἐπὶ τοῦ νώτου τοῦ ἴππου	The star in advance of this, on the horse's back	HR 4940
23	τῶν ἐπὶ τῆς ὀσφύος τ ὁ ἐπόμενος	The rearmost of the stars on the rump	gam Cen
24	ὁ μέσος αὐτῶν	The middle one	tau Cen
25	ὁ προηγούμενος τῶν τριῶν	The most advanced of the three	sig Cen
26	τῶν ἐπὶ τοῦ δεξιοῦ μηροῦ β συνεχῶν ὁ ἠγούμενος	The more advanced of the 2 stars close tagether on the right thigh	del Cen
27	ὁ ἐπόμενος αὐτῶν	The rearmost of them	rho Cen
28	ὁ ἐη τῷ στήθει ὑπὸ τὴν μασχάληη τοῦ ἴππου	The star in the chest, under the horse's armpit	HR 5172
29	τῶν ὑπὸ τὴν κοιλίαυ β’ ὁ ἠγούμενος	The more advanced of the 2 stars under the belly	eps Cen
30	ὁ ἐπόμενος αὐτῶν	The rearmost of them	Q Cen
31	ὁ ἐπὶ τῆς ἀγκύλης τοῦ δεξιοῦ ποδός	The star on the knee-bend of the right [bind] leg	gam Cru
32	ὁ ἐν τῷ σφυρῷ τοῦ αὐτοῦ ποδός	The star in the hock of the same leg	bet Cru
33	ὁ ὑπὸ τὴν ἀγκύληη τοῦ ἀριστεροῦ ποδός	The star under the knee-bend of the left [hind] leg	del Cru
34	ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ βατραχίου τοῦ αὐτοῦ ποδός	The star on the frag of the hoof an the same leg	alf Cru
35	ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἄκρου τοῦ ἐμπροσθίου δεξιοῦ ποδός ἡ	The star on the end of the right front leg	alf Cen
36	ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ γόνατος τοῦ ἀριστεροῦ ποδός	The star on the knee of the left [front] leg	bet Cen
37	ὁ ἐκτὸς ὑπὸ τὸν δεξιὸν ὀπισθόποδα	The star outside, under the right hind leg	mu Cru

Stars within the Constellation Area

id	Label	IAU design.	description	Vmag
1	Rigil Kentaurus	HIP 71683	Constellation lines (Vertex)	0.01
2	Hadar	HIP 68702	Constellation lines	0.58
3	Acrux	HIP 60718	Constellation lines (Vertex)	0.76
4	Mimosa	HIP 62434	Constellation lines	1.25
5	* alf01 Cru	HR 4730	Inside the hull	1.28
6	Gacrux	HIP 61084	Constellation lines	1.64
7	Menkent	HIP 68933	Constellation lines	2.05
8	γ Centauri	HIP 61932	Inside the hull	2.17
9	Uridim	HIP 71860	Inside the hull	2.286
10	ϵ Centauri	HIP 66657	Constellation lines	2.3
11	η Centauri	HIP 71352	Constellation lines	2.31
12	δ Centauri	HIP 59196	Constellation lines	2.52
13	Leepwal	HIP 68002	Constellation lines	2.55
14	Kulou	HIP 65109	Constellation lines	2.73
15	Imai	HIP 59747	Constellation lines	2.752
16	κ Centauri	HIP 73334	Constellation lines (Vertex)	3.11
17	Heng	HIP 67464	Inside the hull	3.386
18	μ Centauri	HIP 67472	Inside the hull	3.43
19	ι Lupi	HIP 69996	Inside the hull	3.529
20	Ginan	HIP 60260	Inside the hull	3.57
21	ϕ Centauri	HIP 68245	Constellation lines	3.802
22	τ Centauri	HIP 61622	Constellation lines	3.86
23	υ 1 Centauri	HIP 68282	Constellation lines	3.87
24	d Cen	HIP 65936	Constellation lines	3.88
25	ω Cen	HD 116790	Inside the hull	3.9
26	σ Centauri	HIP 60823	Inside the hull	3.91
27	* bet Cen B	* bet Cen B	Inside the hull	3.95
28	ρ Centauri	HIP 59449	Constellation lines	3.96
29	ψ Centauri	HIP 70090	Inside the hull	4.034
30	μ 1 Crucis	HIP 63003	Inside the hull	4.04
31	ρ Lupi	HIP 71536	Inside the hull	4.05
32	2 Cen	HIP 67457	Constellation lines	4.19
33	1 Cen	HIP 67153	Constellation lines	4.23
34	n Cen	HIP 62896	Constellation lines (Vertex)	4.27
35	ξ 2 Centauri	HIP 64004	Inside the hull	4.27
36	ο Lupi	HIP 72683	Inside the hull	4.313
37	e Cen	HIP 62867	Inside the hull	4.33
38	υ 2 Centauri	HIP 68523	Inside the hull	4.33
39	χ Centauri	HIP 68862	Constellation lines	4.343
40	v Cen	HIP 70069	Inside the hull	4.35
41	τ 2 Lupi	HIP 70576	Inside the hull	4.35
42	V761 Cen	HIP 70300	Inside the hull	4.42
43	σ Lupi	HIP 71121	Inside the hull	4.423
44	V863 Cen	HIP 59173	Inside the hull	4.47
45	J Cen	HIP 65271	Inside the hull	4.509
46	* 3 Cen A	HIP 67669	Inside the hull	4.52
47	τ 1 Lupi	HIP 70574	Inside the hull	4.553
48	V831 Cen	HIP 64425	Inside the hull	4.593
49	λ Crucis	HIP 63007	Inside the hull	4.602
50	A Cen	HIP 56480	Constellation lines (Vertex)	4.607
51	-	HIP 62327	Inside the hull	4.62
52	M Cen	HIP 67234	Constellation lines	4.632
53	w Cen	HIP 62012	Inside the hull	4.66
54	ι Crucis	HIP 62268	Inside the hull	4.686
55	f Cen	HIP 63945	Inside the hull	4.691
56	4 Cen	HIP 67786	Constellation lines (Vertex)	4.73
57	321 G. Cen	HIP 69191	Inside the hull	4.736
58	-	HIP 70104	Inside the hull	4.77
59	G Cen	HIP 60710	Inside the hull	4.808
60	ξ 1 Centauri	HIP 63724	Inside the hull	4.826
61	185 G. Cen	HIP 64408	Inside the hull	4.85
62	191 G. Cen	HIP 64583	Inside the hull	4.93
63	CH Cru	HIP 61966	Inside the hull	4.94
64	340 G. Cen	HIP 70264	Inside the hull	4.94
65	F Cen	HIP 60059	Constellation lines	5.01
66	K Cen	HIP 65810	Inside the hull	5.03
67	V795 Cen	HIP 69618	Inside the hull	5.07
68	217 G. Cen	HIP 65535	Inside the hull	5.09
69	54 G. Cen	HIP 56754	Inside the hull	5.14
70	z Cen	HIP 67244	Inside the hull	5.147
71	52 G. Cen	HIP 56656	Inside the hull	5.15
72	H Cen	HIP 63210	Inside the hull	5.159
73	μ 2 Crucis	HIP 63005	Inside the hull	5.2
74	* Q Cen A	HIP 66821	Constellation lines	5.217
75	-	HIP 72290	Inside the hull	5.22
76	182 G. Cen	HIP 64348	Inside the hull	5.231
77	C2 Cen	HIP 56573	Inside the hull	5.252
78	N Cen	HIP 67703	Inside the hull	5.257
79	NGC 3766	NGC 3766	Inside the hull	5.3
80	-	HIP 63117	Inside the hull	5.32
81	ome Cen Cluster	DSO:NGC5139	Constellation lines	5.33
82	E Cen	HIP 59184	Constellation lines	5.34
83	-	HIP 60379	Inside the hull	5.366
84	251 G. Cen	HIP 66849	Inside the hull	5.372
85	-	HIP 70931	Inside the hull	5.376
86	V918 Cen	HIP 57512	Inside the hull	5.407
87	-	HIP 71500	Inside the hull	5.431
88	-	HIP 58379	Inside the hull	5.436
89	V964 Cen	HIP 65112	Inside the hull	5.443
90	152 G. Cen	HIP 63066	Inside the hull	5.445
91	269 G. Cen	HIP 67304	Inside the hull	5.446
92	C3 Cen	HIP 56700	Inside the hull	5.456
93	BL Cru	HIP 60781	Inside the hull	5.5
94	-	HIP 70915	Inside the hull	5.5
95	NGC 5662	NGC 5662	Inside the hull	5.5
96	43 G. Cen	HIP 56497	Inside the hull	5.5
97	BG Cru	HIP 61136	Inside the hull	5.53
98	-	HIP 71419	Inside the hull	5.55
99	74 G. Cen	HIP 57870	Inside the hull	5.559
100	324 G. Cen	HIP 69462	Inside the hull	5.575
101	172 G. Cen	HIP 63972	Inside the hull	5.588
102	NGC 5460	NGC 5460	Inside the hull	5.6
103	248 G. Cen	HIP 66656	Inside the hull	5.603
104	330 G. Cen	HIP 69598	Inside the hull	5.613
105	221 G. Cen	HIP 65593	Inside the hull	5.656
106	-	HIP 70054	Inside the hull	5.66
107	C1 Cen	HIP 56518	Inside the hull	5.675
108	177 G. Cen	HIP 64053	Inside the hull	5.698
109	142 G. Cen	HIP 62703	Inside the hull	5.7
110	288 G. Cen	HIP 67973	Inside the hull	5.71
111	DS Cru	HIP 62732	Inside the hull	5.72
112	359 G. Cen	HIP 71453	Inside the hull	5.736
113	-	HIP 72250	Inside the hull	5.74
114	205 G. Cen	HIP 65144	Inside the hull	5.742
115	278 G. Cen	HIP 67663	Inside the hull	5.752
116	127 G. Cen	HIP 61379	Inside the hull	5.76
117	-	HIP 62894	Inside the hull	5.77
118	181 G. Cen	HIP 64332	Inside the hull	5.772
119	-	HIP 60969	Inside the hull	5.776
120	196 G. Cen	HIP 64822	Inside the hull	5.803
121	-	HIP 70663	Inside the hull	5.811
122	293 G. Cen	HIP 68079	Inside the hull	5.815
123	133 G. Cen	HIP 61916	Inside the hull	5.816
124	50 G. Cen	HIP 56606	Inside the hull	5.819
125	193 G. Cen	HIP 64623	Inside the hull	5.831
126	-	HIP 71182	Inside the hull	5.87
127	-	HIP 71184	Inside the hull	5.87
128	357 G. Cen	HIP 71353	Inside the hull	5.87
129	283 G. Cen	HIP 67836	Inside the hull	5.873
130	-	HIP 60308	Inside the hull	5.884
131	239 G. Cen	HIP 66454	Inside the hull	5.889
132	151 G. Cen	HIP 63033	Inside the hull	5.89
133	189 G. Cen	HIP 64515	Inside the hull	5.9
134	190 G. Cen	HIP 64580	Inside the hull	5.9
135	148 G. Cen	HIP 62861	Inside the hull	5.908
136	209 G. Cen	HIP 65247	Inside the hull	5.91
137	268 G. Cen	HIP 67292	Inside the hull	5.91
138	-	HIP 66438A	Inside the hull	5.92
139	305 G. Cen	HIP 68670	Inside the hull	5.923
140	337 G. Cen	HIP 69995	Inside the hull	5.925
141	298 G. Cen	HIP 68333	Inside the hull	5.927
142	V914 Cen	HIP 56970	Inside the hull	5.94
143	κ Crucis	HIP 62931	Inside the hull	5.94
144	256 G. Cen	HIP 66924	Inside the hull	5.956
145	236 G. Cen	HIP 66427	Inside the hull	5.957
146	V869 Cen	HIP 69174	Inside the hull	5.961
147	258 G. Cen	HIP 66984	Inside the hull	5.97
148	174 G. Cen	HIP 64033	Inside the hull	5.98
149	-	HIP 62058	Inside the hull	5.982
150	351 G. Cen	HIP 70987	Inside the hull	5.983
151	-	HIP 70363	Inside the hull	5.993
152	242 G. Cen	HIP 66575	Inside the hull	6
153	V744 Cen	HIP 66666	Inside the hull	6
154	253 G. Cen	HIP 66925	Inside the hull	6
155	291 G. Cen	HIP 68101	Inside the hull	6.01
156	V824 Cen	HIP 64320	Inside the hull	6.026
157	85 G. Cen	HIP 58453	Inside the hull	6.031
158	76 G. Cen	HIP 58041	Inside the hull	6.045
159	-	HIP 66825	Inside the hull	6.05
160	-	HIP 62026	Inside the hull	6.057
161	-	HIP 71639	Inside the hull	6.07
162	-	HIP 72308	Inside the hull	6.07
163	V828 Cen	HIP 68673	Inside the hull	6.088
164	203 G. Cen	HIP 65129	Inside the hull	6.09
165	V716 Cen	HIP 69491	Inside the hull	6.09
166	-	HIP 70325	Inside the hull	6.09
167	V767 Cen	HIP 67861	Inside the hull	6.1
168	302 G. Cen	HIP 68493	Inside the hull	6.108
169	-	HIP 60870	Inside the hull	6.13
170	358 G. Cen	HIP 71429	Inside the hull	6.141
171	-	HIP 58642	Inside the hull	6.142
172	192 G. Cen	HIP 64557	Inside the hull	6.147
173	229 G. Cen	HIP 66019	Inside the hull	6.148
174	-	HR 5034	Inside the hull	6.153
175	319 G. Cen	HIP 69113	Inside the hull	6.17
176	198 G. Cen	HIP 64933	Inside the hull	6.173
177	312 G. Cen	HIP 68872	Inside the hull	6.176
178	187 G. Cen	HIP 64472	Inside the hull	6.184
179	-	HIP 67851	Inside the hull	6.19
180	200 G. Cen	HIP 65108	Inside the hull	6.193
181	186 G. Cen	HIP 64478	Inside the hull	6.197
182	-	HIP 58901	Inside the hull	6.2
183	V992 Cen	HIP 68842	Inside the hull	6.204
184	* y Cen A	HIP 67819	Inside the hull	6.218
185	-	HIP 60861	Inside the hull	6.22
186	-	HIP 61443	Inside the hull	6.22
187	100 G. Cen	HIP 59439	Inside the hull	6.23
188	-	HIP 56550	Inside the hull	6.24
189	V789 Cen	HIP 63820	Inside the hull	6.249
190	141 G. Cen	HIP 62655	Inside the hull	6.257
191	222 G. Cen	HIP 65630	Inside the hull	6.257
192	120 G. Cen	HIP 60729	Inside the hull	6.26
193	147 G. Cen	HIP 62821	Inside the hull	6.262
194	63 G. Cen	HIP 57322	Inside the hull	6.266
195	365 G. Cen	HIP 71746	Inside the hull	6.296
196	-	HIP 72338	Inside the hull	6.3
197	144 G. Cen	HIP 62799	Inside the hull	6.304
198	332 G. Cen	HIP 69671	Inside the hull	6.305
199	220 G. Cen	HIP 65606	Inside the hull	6.31
200	232 G. Cen	HIP 66236	Inside the hull	6.319
201	-	HIP 60780	Inside the hull	6.33
202	347 G. Cen	HIP 70580	Inside the hull	6.333
203	V883 Cen	HIP 69122	Inside the hull	6.339
204	348 G. Cen	HIP 70626	Inside the hull	6.346
205	279 G. Cen	HIP 67648	Inside the hull	6.347
206	210 G. Cen	HIP 65303	Inside the hull	6.36
207	V765 Cen	HIP 66645	Inside the hull	6.36
208	-	HD 126111	Inside the hull	6.36
209	-	HR 4619	Inside the hull	6.362
210	350 G. Cen	HIP 70966	Inside the hull	6.374
211	126 G. Cen	HIP 61328	Inside the hull	6.38
212	354 G. Cen	HIP 71333	Inside the hull	6.384
213	130 G. Cen	HIP 61557	Inside the hull	6.39
214	-	HIP 70320	Inside the hull	6.39
215	-	HIP 70809	Inside the hull	6.39
216	-	HIP 71658	Inside the hull	6.39
217	329 G. Cen	HIP 69655	Inside the hull	6.395
218	223 G. Cen	HIP 65621	Inside the hull	6.405
219	254 G. Cen	HIP 66923	Inside the hull	6.41
220	V1154 Cen	HIP 63883	Inside the hull	6.418
221	317 G. Cen	HIP 69011	Inside the hull	6.418
222	-	HIP 60455	Inside the hull	6.42
223	-	HIP 62084	Inside the hull	6.42
224	263 G. Cen	HIP 67199	Inside the hull	6.42
225	168 G. Cen	HIP 63849	Inside the hull	6.426
226	-	HIP 70451	Inside the hull	6.43
227	-	HIP 72135	Inside the hull	6.43
228	-	HIP 67537	Inside the hull	6.431
229	V827 Cen	HIP 67036	Inside the hull	6.44
230	-	HR 4764	Inside the hull	6.45
231	238 G. Cen	HIP 66521	Inside the hull	6.45
232	-	HIP 65372	Inside the hull	6.464
233	299 G. Cen	HIP 68413	Inside the hull	6.469
234	349 G. Cen	HIP 70798	Inside the hull	6.469
235	90 G. Cen	HIP 58859	Inside the hull	6.47
236	237 G. Cen	HIP 66405	Inside the hull	6.476
237	155 G. Cen	HIP 63204	Inside the hull	6.485
238	-	HIP 65970	Inside the hull	6.49
239	-	HIP 67008	Inside the hull	6.49
240	-	HIP 71494	Inside the hull	6.49
241	310 G. Cen	HIP 68902	Inside the hull	6.5
242	-	HIP 71577	Inside the hull	6.5
243	-	HIP 65373	Inside the hull	6.77

Transfer and Transformation of the Constellation

• 
  Centaurus et Lupus on the ancient Greek Kugel Globe, drawing by SMH 2021.
• 
  Centaurus et Lupus on the ancient Greco-Roman Farnese Globe, drawing by SMH 2017.
• 
  Centaurus et Lupus on the ancient Roman Mainz Globe, drawing by SMH 2021.
• 
  Centaurus & Lupus on Dürer's map.
• 
  Centaurus and Lupus constellations from the Mercator celestial globe 1551 (CC0).
• 
  Centaurus et Lupus on Mercator's 1551 globe gores.
• 
  Centaurus et Lupus on Plancius's globe, first time with Crux
• 
  Centaurus as drawn by Joh. Bayer (1603) and Lupus drawn by the user of this exemplar of the atlas (extra map for Bayer).
• 
  Cen+Lup, Crux, Habrecht's map 1621
• 
  Cen + Lup, Royer's map (1679)
• 
  Centaurus et Lupus at Planisferio celeste (Carlos Simón 1894)

Weblinks

• Ridpath, Ian, “Star Tales: online edition”.

References

• References (general)
• References (Babylonian)
• References (ancient Greco-Roman)
• References (medieval)