Indian Names (All Terms): Difference between revisions

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Line 73: Line 73:
|2
|2
|भरणी
|भरणी
|Yamya, yamabha
|[[Bharani]], Yamya, yamabha
|[[Bharani]]
|Bharani
|the bearer, a container
|the bearer, a container
|<nowiki>35, 39 and 41 Arietis |</nowiki>
|<nowiki>35, 39 and 41 Arietis |</nowiki>
Line 82: Line 82:
|3
|3
|कृत्तिका
|कृत्तिका
|Kṛttika,Agni, Hutabhuk, agnidaiva
|[[Krittika|Kṛttika]], Agni, Hutabhuk, agnidaiva
|[[Krittika]]
|Krittika
|Pleiades personified as the nurses of Kārttikeya, a son of Shiva
|Pleiades personified as the nurses of Kārttikeya, a son of Shiva
|Pleiades
|Pleiades
Line 90: Line 90:
|4
|4
|रोहिणी
|रोहिणी
|Brahmya, Brahmabha
|[[Rohini]], Brahmya, Brahmabha
|[[Rohini]]
|Rohini
|"the red one", a name of Aldebaran. Also known as brāhmī
|"the red one", a name of Aldebaran. Also known as brāhmī
|Aldebaran
|Aldebaran
Line 99: Line 99:
|5
|5
|मृगशिर
|मृगशिर
|Mṛgaśira, Somya
|[[Mrigashira]], Mṛgaśira, Somya
|[[Mrigashira]]
|Mrigashira
|"the deer's head". Also known as āgrahāyaṇī
|"the deer's head". Also known as āgrahāyaṇī
|λ, φ<sub>1,2</sub> Orionis
|λ, φ<sub>1,2</sub> Orionis
Line 107: Line 107:
|6
|6
|आर्द्रा
|आर्द्रा
|Roudra, Shivabha
|[[Ardra]], Roudra, Shivabha
|[[Ardra]]
|Ardra
|wetness,  
|wetness,  
|Betelgeuse
|Betelgeuse
Line 115: Line 115:
|7
|7
|पुनर्वसु (dual)
|पुनर्वसु (dual)
|Yamakau, aditerbha
|[[Punarvasu]], Yamakau, aditerbha
|[[Punarvasu]]
|Punarvasu
|"the twinrestorers of goods", also known as yamakau "the two chariots"?
|"the twinrestorers of goods", also known as yamakau "the two chariots"?
|4 stars:  
|4 stars:  
Line 125: Line 125:
|8
|8
|पुष्य
|पुष्य
|Puṣya
|[[Pushya]], Puṣya
|[[Pushya]]
|Pushya
|"the nourisher", also known as sidhya or tiṣya
|"the nourisher", also known as sidhya or tiṣya
|γ, δ and θ Cancri  
|γ, δ and θ Cancri  
Line 134: Line 134:
|9
|9
|आश्लेषः
|आश्लेषः
|Āshleshā, Ahya, Phanibha, Sarpa
|[[Ashlesha|Āshleshā]], Ahya, Phanibha, Sarpa
|[[Ashlesha]]
|Ashlesha
|"the embrace"
|"the embrace"
|δ, ε , η, ρ, and σ Hydrae
|δ, ε , η, ρ, and σ Hydrae
Line 142: Line 142:
|10
|10
|मघा
|मघा
|Maghā? Paitra
|[[Magha|Maghā]], Paitra
|[[Magha]]
|Magha
|"the bountiful"?
|"the bountiful"?
|5 stars: Regulus (α Leo), γ, η, 31,ο and ρ Leonis  
|5 stars: Regulus (α Leo), γ, η, 31,ο and ρ Leonis  
Line 150: Line 150:
|11
|11
|पूर्व फाल्गुनी
|पूर्व फाल्गुनी
|Pūrva Phalgunī, Bhagya, Bhagybha
|[[Purva Phalguni|Pūrva Phalgunī]], Bhagya, Bhagybha
|[[Purva Phalguni]]
|Purva Phalguni
|"first reddish one"?
|"first reddish one"?
|δ and θ Leonis
|δ and θ Leonis
Line 158: Line 158:
|12
|12
|उत्तर फाल्गुनी
|उत्तर फाल्गुनी
|Uttara Phalgunī, Arya, Aryamrksha
|[[Uttara Phalguni|Uttara Phalgunī]], Arya, Aryamrksha
|[[Uttara Phalguni]]
|Uttara Phalguni
|"second reddish one"?
|"second reddish one"?
|Denebola plus 3 more
|Denebola plus 3 more
Line 166: Line 166:
|13
|13
|हस्त
|हस्त
|Hasta
|[[Hasta]]
|[[Hasta]], kara, Ravibha
|Hasta, kara, Ravibha
|"the hand"
|"the hand"
|β, α, ε, γ, and δ Corvi
|β, α, ε, γ, and δ Corvi
Line 174: Line 174:
|14
|14
|चित्रा
|चित्रा
|Citrā, Tvarshtra
|[[Chitra|Citrā]], Tvarshtra
|[[Chitra]]
|Chitra
|"the bright one"
|"the bright one"
|Spica
|Spica
Line 182: Line 182:
|15
|15
|स्वाति
|स्वाति
|Anila
|[[Svati]], Anila
|Malayendu's [[Svati]]
|Malayendu's [[Svati]]
|"Su-Ati - Goodness
|"Su-Ati - Goodness
Line 191: Line 191:
|16
|16
|विशाखा
|विशाखा
|Viśākhā, Dvidaivata
|[[Vishakha]], Viśākhā, Dvidaivata
|[[Vishakha]]
|Vishakha
|"forked, having many branches"
|"forked, having many branches"
|α, β, γ and ι Librae
|α, β, γ and ι Librae
Line 199: Line 199:
|17
|17
|अनुराधा
|अनुराधा
|Maitra
|[[Anuradha]], Maitra
|[[Anuradha]]
|Anuradha
|"following rādhā"
|"following rādhā"
|β, δ, ρ and π Scorpii
|β, δ, ρ and π Scorpii
Line 207: Line 207:
|18
|18
|ज्येष्ठा
|ज्येष्ठा
|Jyeṣṭha, Śakra, Aindra
|[[Jyeshtha|Jyeṣṭha]], Śakra, Aindra
|[[Jyeshtha]]
|Jyeshtha
|"the eldest, most excellent"
|"the eldest, most excellent"
|α, σ, and τ Scorpii
|α, σ, and τ Scorpii
Line 215: Line 215:
|19
|19
|मूल
|मूल
|Mūlā, Nirtibha
|[[Mula|Mūlā]], Nirtibha
|[[Mula]]
|Mula
|"the root"
|"the root"
|ε, μ, ζ, η, θ, ι, κ, and λ Scorpii
|ε, μ, ζ, η, θ, ι, κ, and λ Scorpii
Line 223: Line 223:
|20
|20
|पूर्व आषाढा
|पूर्व आषाढा
|Purvaṣādha, Jaladaivata, Apya, Toya, Jalarksha
|[[Purva Ashadha|Purvaṣādha]], Jaladaivata, Apya, Toya, Jalarksha
|[[Purva Ashadha]]
|Purva Ashadha
|"first of the āṣāḍhā", āṣāḍhā "the invincible one"
|"first of the āṣāḍhā", āṣāḍhā "the invincible one"
|δ and ε Sagittarii  
|δ and ε Sagittarii  
Line 231: Line 231:
|21
|21
|उत्तर आषाढा
|उत्तर आषाढा
|Uttara Āṣāḍhā, Vaiśvadeva
|[[Uttara Ashadha|Uttara Āṣāḍhā]], Vaiśvadeva
|[[Uttara Ashadha]]
|Uttara Ashadha
|"Latter invincible"
|"Latter invincible"
|ζ and σ Sagittarii
|ζ and σ Sagittarii
Line 239: Line 239:
|22
|22
|श्रवण
|श्रवण
|Śravana, Śṛti, Vaisnava, Haribha
|[[Shravana|Śravana]], Śṛti, Vaisnava, Haribha
|[[Shravana]]
|Shravana
|Listening
|Listening
|<nowiki>α, β and γ Aquilae | Altair</nowiki>
|<nowiki>α, β and γ Aquilae | Altair</nowiki>
Line 248: Line 248:
|श्रविष्ठा/
|श्रविष्ठा/
धनिष्ठा
धनिष्ठा
|Dhaniṣṭhā, Vāsava, Vasubha, Śraviṣṭhā
|[[Dhanishta|Dhaniṣṭhā]], Vāsava, Vasubha, Śraviṣṭhā
|[[Dhanishta]]
|Dhanishta
|"most famous", also Shravishthā "swiftest"
|"most famous", also Shravishthā "swiftest"
|α, β, γ, δ Delphini
|α, β, γ, δ Delphini
Line 257: Line 257:
|शतभिष/  
|शतभिष/  
शततारका
शततारका
|Śatabhiṣa, Śatabhiṣaj, Varunarksha
|[[Shatabhisha|Śatabhiṣa]], Śatabhiṣaj, Varunarksha
|Shatabhisha/  
|Shatabhisha/  
[[Satabhisa]]
Satabhisa
|a hundred physicians"
|a hundred physicians"
|λ Aquarii
|λ Aquarii
Line 267: Line 267:
|पूर्व भाद्रपदा/
|पूर्व भाद्रपदा/
पूर्व प्रोष्ठपदा
पूर्व प्रोष्ठपदा
|Purvābhādra, Ajanghri, Ajaikapada, Pragbhadra
|[[Purva Bhadrapada|Purvābhādra]], Ajanghri, Ajaikapada, Pragbhadra
|[[Purva Bhadrapada]]
|Purva Bhadrapada
|"the first of the blessed feet"?
|"the first of the blessed feet"?
|α and β Pegasi
|α and β Pegasi
Line 276: Line 276:
|उत्तर भाद्रपदा/
|उत्तर भाद्रपदा/
उत्तर प्रोष्ठपदा
उत्तर प्रोष्ठपदा
|Uttara Bhādrapada, Ahirbudhnya, dvitiyabhādra, upāntya
|[[Uttara Bhadrapada|Uttara Bhādrapada]], Ahirbudhnya, dvitiyabhādra, upāntya
|[[Uttara Bhadrapada]]
|Uttara Bhadrapada  
(U. Bhadra)
(U. Bhadra)
|"the second of the blessed feet"?
|"the second of the blessed feet"?
Line 285: Line 285:
|27
|27
|रेवती
|रेवती
|Pourshna
|[[Revati]], Pourshna
|[[Revati]]
|Revati
|"prosperous"?
|"prosperous"?
|ζ Piscium
|ζ Piscium
Line 294: Line 294:
|28
|28
|अभिजित
|अभिजित
|Vidibha
|[[Abhijit]], Vidibha
|[[Abhijit]]
|Abhijit
|Victorius
|Victorius
|<nowiki>Lyra | alf Lyrae</nowiki>
|<nowiki>Lyra | alf Lyrae</nowiki>

Revision as of 14:21, 13 October 2025

File:India (orthographic projection).svg
Map of India, part of South Asia (UN region)

The Indian subcontinent hosts a rich and old traditional astronomy in many different flavours. It grew and was inspired by exchange with neighbouring cultures such as Chinese and Mesopotamian.

Solar System Names

Traditional Terms Transliteration English commentary
Sun
Moon
Mercury
Venus
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn

Asterisms (Stars and Constellations)

Sanscrit Transliteration English Description/ Translation Source
with diacritics without ... Reference
1 अश्विनी Aśvini, dasra Ashvini Twin physician of the Gods β, γ Arietis

(perhaps also α Ari in some variants)

Nakṣatra
2 भरणी Bharani (भरणी), Yamya, yamabha Bharani the bearer, a container 35, 39 and 41 Arietis |

(three stars)

Nakshatra
3 कृत्तिका Kṛttika, Agni, Hutabhuk, agnidaiva Krittika Pleiades personified as the nurses of Kārttikeya, a son of Shiva Pleiades Nakshatra
4 रोहिणी Rohiṇī (रोहिणी), Brahmya, Brahmabha Rohini "the red one", a name of Aldebaran. Also known as brāhmī Aldebaran

and the Hyades

Nakshatra
5 मृगशिर Mṛgaśira (मृगशिर), Mṛgaśira, Somya Mrigashira "the deer's head". Also known as āgrahāyaṇī λ, φ1,2 Orionis Nakshatra
6 आर्द्रा Ardra (आर्द्रा), Roudra, Shivabha Ardra wetness, Betelgeuse Nakshatra
7 पुनर्वसु (dual) Punarvasu (पुनर्वसु), Yamakau, aditerbha Punarvasu "the twinrestorers of goods", also known as yamakau "the two chariots"? 4 stars:

α, β Geminorum (ε, ζ Gem?)

Nakshatra
8 पुष्य Puṣya (पुष्य), Puṣya Pushya "the nourisher", also known as sidhya or tiṣya γ, δ and θ Cancri

(represented by α CMi)

Nakshatra
9 आश्लेषः Āshleshā, Ahya, Phanibha, Sarpa Ashlesha "the embrace" δ, ε , η, ρ, and σ Hydrae Nakshatra
10 मघा Maghā, Paitra Magha "the bountiful"? 5 stars: Regulus (α Leo), γ, η, 31,ο and ρ Leonis Nakshatra
11 पूर्व फाल्गुनी Pūrva Phalgunī, Bhagya, Bhagybha Purva Phalguni "first reddish one"? δ and θ Leonis Nakshatra
12 उत्तर फाल्गुनी Uttara Phalgunī, Arya, Aryamrksha Uttara Phalguni "second reddish one"? Denebola plus 3 more Nakshatra
13 हस्त Hasta (हस्त) Hasta, kara, Ravibha "the hand" β, α, ε, γ, and δ Corvi Nakshatra
14 चित्रा Citrā, Tvarshtra Chitra "the bright one" Spica Nakshatra
15 स्वाति Svati (स्वाति), Anila Malayendu's Svati (स्वाति) "Su-Ati - Goodness Arcturus

(+ η and ζ Bootis)

Nakshatra
16 विशाखा Viśākhā (विशाखा), Viśākhā, Dvidaivata Vishakha "forked, having many branches" α, β, γ and ι Librae Nakshatra
17 अनुराधा Anuradha (अनुराधा), Maitra Anuradha "following rādhā" β, δ, ρ and π Scorpii Nakshatra
18 ज्येष्ठा Jyeṣṭha, Śakra, Aindra Jyeshtha "the eldest, most excellent" α, σ, and τ Scorpii Nakshatra
19 मूल Mūlā, Nirtibha Mula "the root" ε, μ, ζ, η, θ, ι, κ, and λ Scorpii Nakshatra
20 पूर्व आषाढा Purvaṣādha, Jaladaivata, Apya, Toya, Jalarksha Purva Ashadha "first of the āṣāḍhā", āṣāḍhā "the invincible one" δ and ε Sagittarii Nakshatra
21 उत्तर आषाढा Uttara Āṣāḍhā, Vaiśvadeva Uttara Ashadha "Latter invincible" ζ and σ Sagittarii Nakshatra
22 श्रवण Śravana, Śṛti, Vaisnava, Haribha Shravana Listening α, β and γ Aquilae | Altair Nakshatra
23 श्रविष्ठा/

धनिष्ठा

Dhaniṣṭhā, Vāsava, Vasubha, Śraviṣṭhā Dhanishta "most famous", also Shravishthā "swiftest" α, β, γ, δ Delphini Nakshatra
24 शतभिष/

शततारका

Śatabhiṣa, Śatabhiṣaj, Varunarksha Shatabhisha/

Satabhisa

a hundred physicians" λ Aquarii Nakshatra
25 पूर्व भाद्रपदा/

पूर्व प्रोष्ठपदा

Purvābhādra, Ajanghri, Ajaikapada, Pragbhadra Purva Bhadrapada "the first of the blessed feet"? α and β Pegasi Nakshatra
26 उत्तर भाद्रपदा/

उत्तर प्रोष्ठपदा

Uttara Bhādrapada, Ahirbudhnya, dvitiyabhādra, upāntya Uttara Bhadrapada

(U. Bhadra)

"the second of the blessed feet"? γ Pegasi and α Andromedae Nakshatra
27 रेवती Revati (रेवती), Pourshna Revati "prosperous"? ζ Piscium

(plus 30 more stars, perhaps including M31)

Nakshatra
28 अभिजित Abhijit (अभिजित), Vidibha Abhijit Victorius Lyra | alf Lyrae Nakshatra
(Malayendu) tet Cet from Arabic
Adhah Paschimaga the one below and west bet UMa possibly Indian
Agasthya almost all texts
Anyomuni another sage bet UMa possibly Indian
Āpa Āpa () ζ Vir Shylaja and Pai (2019)
Apāṃvatsa Āpaṃvatsa (अपऻऺवत्स) 74 Vir Shylaja and Pai (2019)
Āptapān Aptapan ?? α Cas Shylaja+ (2016)
Aśvanābha Ashvanabha Belly of the horse (from Arabic) α And Shylaja+ (2016)
Bhujanga gam Vel possibly Indian
Brahmahridaya a Aur all texts or b Aur ?? possibly Indian
Dhanukoti part of Dhanu alf Ori from Arabic
Hayaamsha Body part of horse (from Arabic) Shylaja+ (2016)
Hutabhuk Fire, Agni β Tau Shylaja+ (2016)
इल्वल Ilvala (इल्वल) ζ, ε, δ Ori(Belt of Orion) possibly Indian
Jantupuchcha bet Cet from Arabic
Kakaskandha shoulder of crow eps Crv from Arabic
kakayukta, kakudapuchha, kalaja related to crow alf Cyg from Arabic
Kapala human skull alf Phe possibly Indian
Kartitakara ?? β Cas Shylaja+ (2016)
Lubdhaka alf CMa possibly Indian
Malayendu Ardralubdhaka possibly Indian
Malayendu / mahendrasuri ShaNmukha, Sadaasya possibly Indian
Mānus ̟ aśīrs ̟ a Manusasirsa, Manusha shirsha Head of a person (from Arabic) β Per Shylaja+ (2016)
Manushyaparshava alf Per possibly Indian
Marici name of a sage eta UMa possibly Indian
Matsyamukha alf PsA from Arabic
Matsyapuchha the tail of a fish alf Gru possibly Indian
Matsyodara Belly of the fish (from Arabic) β And Shylaja+ (2016)
Mithunadakshina, Mithunapadadakshina left side of Gemini bet Ori from Arabic
Mithunapada foot of Gemini zet Tau from Arabic
Mithunavamaskanda right side of Gemini kap, nu Ori from Arabic
Muneendra great sage alf UMa possibly Indian
Muni sage eta UMa possibly Indian
Nadyantaka End of the river (from Arabic) γ Phe Shylaja+ (2016)
Nakrapuchha tail of the crocodile sig Aqr possibly Indian
Nrihasta/Manushahsta man's hand tet Aur from Arabic
Nripada foot of a man bet Cen from Arabic
Nr ̟ pārśva Nrparsva, Nruparshva Side of a person/ part of the face of a man (from Arabic) α Per Shylaja+ (2016)
Nuramsa man's shoulder bet Aur from Arabic
Pīt ̟ hamūla Pithhamula, Peethamulam Base of the seat or chair γ Cas Shylaja+ (2016)
Prajapathi d Aur possibly Indian
Purato Muneendra next sage gam UMa possibly Indian
Samudra pakshi i Cet from Arabic
sarpa shirsha / Bhujaga shirsha head of serpent alf Ser from Arabic
Sarpayukta one with serpent alf Ara possibly Indian
Sauroktarudra Rudra cited in Soura – may be suryasiddhanta alf Ori possibly Indian
Shakthibha eta Boo possibly Indian
Shishumaara dolphin or fish tet Oph possibly Indian
Simha PrishTha backside of lion del Leo from Arabic
Simhaguhyam male organ of lion iot Leo from Arabic
Simhasaka part of lion gam Leo from Arabic
Skanda (6 headed karitikeya) alf Aur - possibly Indian
Supīt ̟ ha Supithha, Supeetha (chair) Auspicious seat / chair δ Cas Shylaja+ (2016)
Tatpurato Muneendra the sage after that eps UMa possibly Indian
Torana decorative motif on the main door alf Ser possibly Indian
Trivikrama three steps /

one who put three steps

ξν, μλ, ικ UMa possibly Indian
Tulaikasikha First star of Tula (Libra) ? Lib (same as Visakha?) Shylaja+ (2016)
Tulanyasikha Another star of Tula ?Lib Shylaja+ (2016)
Turanga nu Cet from Arabic
Turangaasa Body part of horse (from Arabic) Shylaja+ (2016)
Urdhva Paschimaga the one above and to the west alf UMa possibly Indian
Vajibahu tet Cet from Arabic
VasishTha zet UMa possibly Indian
Vatsa calf of a cow bet Tau possibly Indian
Vayasa bet Cyg from Arabic
Yama May be same as Nadyantaka, South α Eri Shylaja+ (2016)
Yamyavasu, Lubdhaka Bandhu southern vasu alf CMi possibly Indian
Yugala tet Oph possibly Indian
Yugasamkaravya gam Ori possibly Indian
युग्म Yugma (युग्म) "double" for the middle steps in Trivikrama lam, mu UMa possibly Indian
युग्म Yugma (युग्म) gam+bet Dra possibly Indian
युग्मक Yugmaka (युग्मक) iot UMa, kap UMa possibly Indian

References

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